人教版英语必修一至必修四语法知识复习与练习(详细版)(良心出品必属精品)

必修一至必修四语法知识复习

Book 1 Unit 1-2 直接引语与间接引语

直接引语到间接引语的转变注意间接引语中时态，人称，时间状语，

地点状语以及其他部分要根据情况发生变化。

1. Mr Black said, “I have walked a long way this week.”

Mr Black said that ___ a long way ___.

A. I had walked … last week

B. h e had walked … that week

C. I walked … last week

D. he has walked … this week

如果引语部分是客观事实或真理，则变为间接引语，定语从句中时态

不需要发生变化。

2. The teacher asked her, “Does the sun rise in the east?”

The teacher asked her ___ the sun ___ in the east.

A. if … rise

B. if … rises

C. whether … rose

D. whether did … rise

引语部分为一般疑问句，变为间接引语由连词whether或if 引导，

后面用陈述句语序

3. They said to us, “Are you afraid to leave this house?”

They asked us ___ afraid to leave ___ house.

A. that were we … this

B. th at we were … that

C. if were we … this

D. if we were … that

直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语，由相应的疑问词who ,whom, whose, how, when, why, where 等引导。句式…asked+疑问词+陈述

句语序…

4. Jane said, “What did he hear about a week ago?”

Jane asked ___ about ___.

A. that he heard … a week ago

B. what he had heard … a week before

C. what he had heard … a week ago

D. if he heard … a week ago

直接引语是祈使句，变成间接引语，把动词原形变成动词不定式，并

在动词不定前加tell, ask, order 的宾语。句式….tell, ask, order

sb to do / not to do

Eg : The solider ordered:” Be quiet.”

→The solider ordered us to be quiet.

My teacher asked me :” Don’t laugh .”

→My teacher asked me not to laugh.

Book 1 Unit 3 现在进行时表示将来时

表示最近按计划或安排打算要进行的动作，可以用现在进行时表示将

来时。

句子中一般有以下特点:

1. 表示位置转移的动词go come leave start arrive stay等

5. — What are you going to do tonight?

— I am going to attend the lecture, and then we ______ to the bookstore.

A. went

B. go

C. are going

D. have gone

6. --- I’m going to the States.

--- How long ___ you ___ in the States?

A. are; stayed

B. are; staying

C. have; stayed

D. did; stay

2. 表示交通方式、行程安排的动词fly, walk, ride, drive, take

(a bus, a taxi),take off 等

7. Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts. The plane ____.

A. takes off

B. is taking off

C. has taken off

D. took off

3.也可用于其他动词

8. I’ve won a holiday for two weeks to Florida. I ____ my mum.

A. am taking

B. have taken

C. take

D. will have taken

Book 1 Unit 4- Unit 5 Book 2 Unit 1 & Unit 5

定语从句

定语从句用于修饰名词，被修饰的名词成为先行词，引导定语的从句需要借助关系词/ 引导词

关系词的作用：1 在定语从句中代替先行词；

2 在定语从句中充当特定成分；

3 连接主语与定语从句

e.g．The man who lives next to us sells vegetables.

（who lives next to us 为定语从句，修饰先行词the man, 关系词who 在定语从句中代替the man，在句中作主语。）

关系代词关系副词

That 人、物主语、宾语（省）When 时间状语

Which 物主语、宾语（省）Where 地点状语

Who 人主语、宾语（省）Why 原因状语

Whom 人宾语（省）

Whose 人、物与名词搭配，做

定语

★选择关系代词还是选择关系副词，要看定语从句缺少什么成分9. — Where did you get to know her?

— It was on the farm _____ we worked.

A. that

B. there

C. which

D. where

10. — Where did you get to know her?

— It was on the farm _____ we visited last month.

A. what

B. there

C. which

D. where

11. I still remember the wonderful time ______ I had together with them in Xinjiang.

A. that

B. when

C. in which

D. on which

12. I still remember the wonderful time ______ we lived in America.

A. that

B. when

C. in which

D. on which

13. In the end, Japan and Korea reached the point ___ both sides sat down and had a peaceful talk.

A. where

B. that

C. when

D. Which

强调句it is / was ...that / who...与定语从句

判断：去掉强调句的结构完整，这是强调句，否则考虑定语从句14. It was in Sichuan Province ______ the earthquake caused a great loss.

A. where

B. which

C. when

D. that

It was Sichuan Province ______ the earthquake caused a great

loss.

A. where

B. which

C. when

D. that

非限制性定语从句不能用that，其他的关系词根据从句缺什么成分以及先行词是人是物进行选择

15. They will fly to Washington, _____ they plan to stay for two or three days.

A. where

B. there

C. which

D. when

16. By serving others, a person focuses on someone other than himself or herself, ______ can be very eye-opening and rewarding.

A. who

B. which

C. what

D. that

17. Great changes have taken place in that school. It is no longer what it was 20 years ago, ______ it was so poorly equipped.

A. when

B. which

C. what

D. that

18. I walked up to the top of the hill with my friend, __________ we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.

A. which

B. where

C. who

D. that

非限制性定语从句中，which 和as 都可以指整个句子，但as 还有“正如”的意思， which放句末

19. Jim passed the driving test, _____ surprised everybody in the office.

A. which

B. that

C. this

D. it

Book2 Unit5介词+关系代词引导定语从句

1.某些动词，形容词，名词搭配，如talk to sb. 中的介词置于定

语从句之前，这时则要考虑使用介词+相应的关系代词的结构。20. The computer, ______ he paid ￥3,000, was once owned by his uncle.

A. which

B. for which

C. that

D. to that

21. For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread out further, _____ New York is an example.

A. for which

B. in which

C. of which

D. from which

22. Gun control is a subject _______ Americans have argued for

a long time.

A. of which

B. with which

C. about which

D. into which

2.介词+关系代词代替关系副词，其中介词的选择看先行词的固定搭

配

23. The reason _______ he was late again was that he was caught in a traffic jam in the rush hour.

A. which

B. in which

C. for which

D. of which

24. The football match _______ the students competed yesterday was very wonderful.

A. in which

B. which

C. in that

D. that

3.其他情况，如句子表达的需要，数词+of + 关系代词，whose + 名

词= the 名词 + of which等

25. His glasses, _____ he could see nothing, was taken away by

a naughty boy.

A. which

B. without which

C. with which

D. without those

26. At last we found the hole in the wall _____ the mouse got into the house last night.

A. in which

B. which

C. through which

D. by which

27. Last week, only two people came to look at the house, _______ wanted to buy it.

A. none of them

B. both of them

C. none of whom

D. neither of whom

注意复习只能用that的情况（这里不多讲）

Book 2 Unit 2 – Unit 4 被动语态

（一般将来时的被动语态“将被做” will be done/ be going to be done，

现在完成时的被动语态“已经被做”have/ has been done

正在进行时的被动语态“正在被做” be being done）

1.时态的判断要看上下文的动作关系，有时可以通过句中的时间状语判断

2.主动被动的判断看主语是执行动作，还是承受动作

28. —Why don’t we choose tha t road to save time?

— The bridge to it ______.

A. has repaired

B. is repaired

C. is being repaired

D. will be repaired

29. It is said that a new robot _____ by him in a few days.

A. designed

B. has been designed

C. will be designed

D. will have been designed

30. --- Why does the Lake smell terrible?

--- Because large quantities of water ______.

A. have polluted

B. is being

polluted

C. has been polluted

D. have been polluted

31. A new cinema _____ here. They hope to finish it next month.

A. will be built

B. is built

C. has been built

D. is being built

32. In the last few years thousands of films _________ all over

the word.

A. have produced

B. have been produced

C. are producing

D. are being produced

33. He says that Mr. Zhang _____ to the factory next week.

A. is sent

B. would send

C. was sent

D. will be sent

34. — What do you think of store shopping in the future? —Personally, I think it will exist along with home shopping

but ___.

A. will never replace

B. would never replace

C. will never be replaced

D. would never be replaced

35. I like these English songs and they _____ many times on the

radio.

A. taught

B. have taught

C. are taught

D. have been taught

Book 3 Unit 1 – Unit 2 情态动词

情态动词的学习，要结合具体的语境，可以借助中文表达帮助理解。

1.猜测的表达must(肯定) may(可能) might(可能弱)

can’t(不可能)

2. can 表示猜测“可能”时，用于疑问句

注意：：：：：：：mustn’t 禁止

3.注意委婉表达, 回答不需要委婉(would- will / won’t

could-can/ can’t)

Could you help me? Yes, I can.

4. 情态动词+have done

①原本... 表示对过去事情的懊悔等

②表示对过去事情的猜测：

must have done肯定做过

may / might have done可能做过

can’t / couldn’t have done不可能做过

5.几种一般疑问句的答语，，，，，，，祈使句回答

May I do ...? No, you had better not.

Need I do...? No, you needn’t.

Must I do...? No, you don’t have to./ No, you needn’t. Remember to lock the door. I will.

Don’t forget to lock the door. I won’t.

6.shall 用于一，三人称表征询意见

Book 3 Unit 3 – Unit 5 名词性从句

1.名词性从句在句子中充当主语，表语，宾语，同位语等成分，需要有引导词引导（除了宾语从句中一种情况，即句子中第一个宾语从句中的that可以省略，其他都不能省略引导词）

2.首先判断从句类型：一般看从句的位置

宾语从句：及物动词或者介词后面

主语从句：句子开头

表语从句：系动词（be动词）后面

同位语从句：具体说明先行词（名词）的具体内容，注意几个常见的名词（news, idea, question, fact等）

其次判断从句缺不缺成分，用不用补充意思：

①不缺无意填that ②不缺补“是否”填whether/ if ③缺成分缺

意思看情况，缺什么补什么

36.______ the baby could speak a full sentence made his parents very happy.

A. That

B. What

C. Why

D. If

37.______ the baby could speak made his parents very happy.

A. That

B. What

C. Why

D. If

38. _______we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.

A. If

B. Whether

C. That

D. Where

39. That warm-hearted woman often helps _______ is in trouble.

A. who

B. whom

C. whoever

D. whomever

（Wh-ever 表强调）

3.区别同位语从句与定语从句：定语从句：先行词可以放回从句中，同位语从句，先行词不能放回从句中，先行词与同位语从句是等同内容。

40. I can’t accept the fact ________he passed away last year.

41. I can’t accept the fact ________he told me yesterday.

4.注意形式主语和形式宾语it，复习句型！！！！

It is necessary / important / impossible... that...

It is a pity / a shame...that...

find/ think/ consider / make it + adj. / n. +宾语从句

42. He didn’t make ____ clear when and where the meeting would be held.

A. this

B. that

C. it

D. these

43.

We thought _____ strange that Tom did not come yes terday.

A. that

B. it

C. this

D. what

44._______ surprises me most is that the students can do so much homework every day.

A. It

B. What

C. That

D. Which

45.______ is still unknown when the president will make a public speech.

A. It

B. That

C. He

D. What

对比：46. ___is known to all that Beijing is the capital of China.

47._____is known to all is _____Beijing is the capital of China.

48.______is known to all, Beijing is the capital of China.

5. 陈述句语序

49.Can you make sure ____ the gold ring?

A. where Alice had put

B. where had Alice put

C. where Alice has put

D. where has Alice put

6.注意从句中(should) do的用法

●suggest / advice / insist/ request / command...+宾语从句

中

●suggestion / require / request / command + 同位语从句

●suggestion / require / request / command ... is 表语从句

●It is necessary / important ...+ 真正的主语从句

50. It is suggested that we ________ to the park later.

A. will go

B. went

C. go

D. has gone Book 4 Unit 1 主谓一致

详细看课件或笔记（熟记）

Book 4 Unit 2 – Unit 4 V-ing形式

1.V-ing形式在句子中作主语，宾语，表语，补语，状语

2.形式主语和形式宾语it，复习句型和短语

●It is no use doing sth.

●There is no telling/ knowing ...无法知道

●look forward to doing sth.

●The book is worth reading.= The book is worthy of being read.

3.要考虑时态和主被动

● Doing

● Being done

● Having done

● Having been done

51._______ the front door ______, he had to enter the room through the back door.

A. Seen, painted

B. Seeing, being painted

C. Being seen, being painted

D. Seeing, painting

52. ______the movie, she still wanted to go to the cinema again.

A. Watching

B. Being watching

C. Having watched

D. To watch

53. _______several time, he finally understand the meaning of the sentence.

A. Teaching

B. Being taught

C. Having taught

D. Having been taught

54.______ his telephone number, she had some difficulty getting

in touch with Bill.

A. Not knowing

B. Knowing not

C. Not having known

D. Having not known

(有时两个动作时间先后不用特别强调，这个需要多做题，形成语感。)

4.如果逻辑主语不是句子的主语，则要补充doing的逻辑主语

55.Being a small boy, ________________.

A. my father took me with him to France

B. I went with my father to France

C. My father went with me to France

D. My father took me to France

56.Because his mother was ill, he had to take care of her. 改写句：________, he had to take care of her.

A. Being ill

B. His mother was ill

C. His mother being ill

D. His mother ill

5.否定not 都是放在doing前面

57._______ made the teacher very angry.

A. Tom’s not finishing his homework

B. Not Tom’s finishing his homework

C. Tom not finishing his homework

D. Not Tom finishing his homework

6.注意ing类形容词和ed类形容词的区别：interesting & interested, boring&bored, frightening & frightened等

58.This is a ________ movie and everyone was ____________.

A. moved, moving

B. moved, moved

C. moving, moved

D. moving, moving

7.注意固定ing短语的表达：generally speaking等

59. ______ all things into consideration, I dare to say it is not the best.

A. Taking

B. Taken

C. Being taken

D. To take

答案

1-5 B B D B C 6-10 B B A D C 11-15 A B A D A

16-20 A A B A B 21-25 C C C A B

26-30 C D C C C 31-35 D B D C D

36-40 A B B D 40. that (同从)

41-45 41. that/ which/ 省略（定从） C B B A

46-50 46.It 47.what;that 48.As C C

51-55 B C D A B 56-59 C A C A

2021届高考一轮英语语法填空基础训练(十一)

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