托福句子结构语法结构
1 Those second-hand pianos are selling like hot cakes, if you want one, you'd better buy one now before they're all gone.
sell like hot cakes=sell very well or very quickly
2 Whenever I have to make a speech I get butterflies in my stomach.
get butterflies in one's stomach=get nervous
3 He would do anything for his daughter. She was the apple of his eye.
be the apple of one's eye=be very precious to sb.
4 Lend me $30,please,Tom, I'm broke at the moment.
be broke=doesn't have any money
5 The accident was caused by a taxi driver jumping the green light.
jump the green light=doesn't wait for the traffic lights to change to green
6 You didn't think I was serious, did you, Joe! It was a joke! I was pulling your leg, that's all.
pull one's leg=tease someone,逗某人玩
7 Because the owner wanted a quick sale, the painting went for a song-only$1000.
If something "goes for a song" ,it is sold very cheaply
8 He caught the last train by the skin of his teeth.
By the skin of one's teeth =the person only just caught the last train; heal most missed it.
9 There was a shortage of food; so you had to pay through the nose for what you could find.
To "pay through the nose" for something is to pay far more for something than it is really worth
10 If he finds out what you did with the company's money, he'll hit the roof.
Hit the roof=get very angry
11 The sky got very dark and soon the rain began to bucket down.
Bucket down = rain very heavily
12 They all chip in for the benefit of Simpson's widow and little child.
chip in=contribute money 捐献
13 He usually buys his clothes off the peg. It's cheaper than going to a dressmaker.
Off the peg clothes =成衣
14 Now stop beating about the bush and tell me what happened!
beat about the bush=avoid saying directly what you mean
15 I really must go and lie down for a while ;I've got a splitting headache.
splitting headache=painful headache
1. Arid regions in the southwestern United States have become increasingly inviting playgrounds for the growing number of recreation seekers who own vehicles such as motorcycles or powered trail bikes and indulge in hill-climbing contests or in caving new trails in the desert.
美国西部的不毛之地正成为玩耍的地方，对越来越多拥有摩托车或越野单车类车辆的，喜欢放纵于爬坡比赛或开辟新的沙漠通道的寻欢作乐者具有不断增长的吸引力。
2. Stone does delay, and so tools of long ago have remained when even the bones of the man who made them have disappeared without trace.
石头不会腐烂，所以以前的(石器)工具能保存下来，虽然它们的制造者已经消失的无影无踪。
3. Insects would make it impossible for us to live in the world; they would devour all our crops and kill our flocks and herds, if it were not for the protection we get from insect-eating animals.
昆虫就将会使我们无法在这个世界上居住;如果我们没有受到以昆虫为食的动物的保护，昆虫就会吞嚼掉我们所有的庄稼并杀死我们饲养的禽兽。
4. It is true that during their explorations they often faced difficulties and dangers of the most perilous nature, equipped in a manner which would make a modern climber shudder at the thought, but they did not go out of their way to court such excitement.
确实，他们在探险中遇到了极具威胁性的困难和危险，而他们的装备会让一个现代登山者想一想都会浑身颤栗。不过他们并不是刻意去追求刺激的。
5. There is only one difference between an old man and a young one: the young man has a glorious future before him and old one has a splendid future behind him: and maybe that is where the rub is.
老人和年轻人之间只有一个区别：年轻人的前面有辉煌的未来，老年人灿烂的未来却已在它们身后。这也许就是困难之所在。
6. I find young people exciting. They have an air of freedom, and they have not a dreary commitment to mean ambitions or love comfort. They are not anxious social climbers, and they have no devotion to material things.
我们为年强人振奋。他们带有fire 的气息，他们不会为狭隘的野心和贪婪享受而孜孜
以求。他们不是焦虑的向上爬的人，他们不会对物质性的东西难舍难分。
7. I am always amazed when I hear people saying that sport creates goodwill bet ween the nations, and that if only the common peoples of the world could meet one another at football or cricket, they would have no inclination to meet on the battlefield.
每次我听说体育运动能够在国家间建立起友好感情，说世界各地的普通人只要能在足球场或板球场上相遇就会没有兴趣在战场上相遇的话，我都倍感诧异。
8. It is impossible to say simply for the fun and exercise: as soon as the question of prestige arises, as soon as you feel that you and some larger unit will be disgraced if you lose, the most savage combative instincts are around.
没有可能仅仅为了娱乐或锻炼而运动：一旦有了问题，一旦你觉得你输了你和你所属团体会有失体面时，你最野蛮的好斗本能就会被激发出来。
9. It has been found that certain bats emit squeaks and by receiving the echoes, they can locate and steer clear of obstacles------or locate flying insects on which they feed. This echo-location in bats is often compared with radar, the principle of which is similar.
人们已经发现，某些蝙蝠发出尖叫声并靠接受回响来锁定和避免障碍物——或者找到它们赖以为生的昆虫。蝙蝠这种回响定位法常拿来和原理与之很相近似的雷达相比。
10. As the time and cost of making a clip drop to a few days and a few hundred dollars, engineers may soon be free to let their imaginations soar without being penalized by expensive failure.
随着芯片制造时间和费用降低到了几天和几百美元，工程师们可能很快可以任他们的想象驰骋而不会被昂贵的失败所惩罚
l 句子开头
1. 用分词开头
a) Overcome by the grief, Winston took refuge at the home of friends in Scotland.
b) Delighted with anything that distracted Winston from the dark thoughts that overwhelmed him, Clementine rushed off to buy whatever paints and materials she could find.
2. 用不定式短语开头
a) To help students understand death as the natural end of a life cycle, the school introduces a noncredit course – death.
b) To meet our energy needs, compete with foreign industry, and maintain our standard of living, we need staggered amounts of new capital.
3. 用介词开头
用apart from, besides, despite, before, in , for, by, without, with, thanks to等介词短语开头，是使句子生动变化的一种手段。
a) Despite their menacing appearance, most reptiles aren’t really vicious if you leave them alone.
b) With the advent of the internet, our world has shrunk more in a single generation than in the preceding 5000 years.
c) Within the confines of the women’s liberationist ideology, therefore, the abolition of this overriding inequality of women becomes the primary goal.
d) From the moment we stepped into the People’s Republic of China, care and kindness surrounded us on every side.
e) Under the placid surface of life there always was dissatisfied restlessness ever since the end of the Allied occupation regime.
4. 用抽象名词开头
a) The harshness and hostility of our environment, and the hidden, indefinable threat that is always afloat in the air, oblige us to close ourselves in.
b) That tolerance for change also represents deeply rooted ideas of freedom.
c) Hope persisted in Marshall because the only alternative was a military solution.
d) Public awareness of the environment has created a surge of interest in home gardening and urban horticulture and has led to the increased use of landscaping to modify the functional and aesthetic aspects of the surroundings.
5. 用副词或形容词开头
a) Back in the 1960s, scholars advised the American public that automation was making work unnecessary, so the big problem of the future would be how to cope with an overabundance of the free time.
b) Basically, such attitude amount to recognition that leisure is an important area of life and a belief that leisure can and should be put to good use.
c) Shrewd and powerful, he had enormous influence upon the kings of Trance.
d) Confident of a quick victory, Hitler expected the campaign to last no longer than three months.
6. 用it is + V-ed短语开头
a) It has often been remarked that the saddest thing about youth is that it is wasted on the young.
b) It is widely accepted that some children were just not equipped by nature to pursue this kind of education.
c) It was generally assumed, however, that native speaker competence in the Standard English was acquired through formal learning.
7. 用there is 结构开头
a) In addition to this, there is the growing mobility of people since World War II.
b) There is the appreciation of the salient historical truth that the aging of advanced societies has been a sudden change.
c) There is often resistance to the idea that it is because the birthrate fell earlier in Western and Northwestern Europe than elsewhere, that we have grown so old.
l 句子结构
在雅思大作文部分要取得7分以上的高分，必须要句型多样，而大多生考生都不知道如何变换举行，以下就介绍几种常用的方法。
1. 定语从句
用定语从句改写下列句子（不改变意义）
1. The Chinese character hao combines the symbol for “woman” with the symbol for “boy”. The Chinese character means “good”.
2. The tests do not measure genuine intellectual ability. Colleges use the tests to careen applicants for admission.
3. The following are typical of the nature of their crime. The pattern of then can be traced to any section to the country.
2. 分词短语
运用分词短语不仅改变了原有的句型，而且能使句子间的语义关系更加清楚。请比较下面的句子：
1. An IQ score is stamped on a permanent school record. It may influence teacher expectations. It may also determine a child’s future.
2. Unchecked population growth is not merely an annoying problem. It is not merely exaggerated by pessimists who always worry about the future. It is, on the contrary, the most serious problem humanity faces today.
3. A university professor in Arizona was assigned to tutor underachieving college athletes. He recalled a runner who exercised daily.
4. In a lecture on economics, curious students would ask how the Chinese economy could be both socialist and market-driven. In this way they interest themselves not only in what, but also in whys.
3. 双重否定句
英语中常常用两个否定词来表达一个肯定的意思。
i. You can’t lend your marked book to your friends because nobody else can read them without being distracted by your notes.
ii. You will never catch me with a free fifteen minutes in whi ch I’m not reading something.
iii. Probably there is not one here who has not in the course of the day had occasion to set in motion a complex train of reasoning.
iv. Regardless of where the books came from, I cannot remember a time when I was not in love with them.
4. 比较级句
比较英汉句子，英语通过比较级来表达意思的句子远比汉语多得多。
i. Few problems in America cause so much concern and widespread public interest as does the problem of youthful misbehavior and delinquency.
ii. Nowhere, however, is communications more important, or less studied than in the interaction between physicians and their patients about life and death decision.
iii. But we would no more turn them away than hospital would turn away a patient.
iv. A successful man may be called a genius, but success is more a result of common sense than of genius.
v. A skyscraper is less the product of architectural virtuosity than of economic necessity.
vi. Science moves forward, they say, not so much through the insight of great man of genius as because of more ordinary things like improved technologies.
5. 同位语句
用同位语改写下面句子。（意思不变）
1. One of the most controversial public school issues is “mainstreaming.” It is the growing practice of integrating physically and mentally handicapped children into regular classes.
2. I don’t expect you simply to agree and do nothing more. I expect you add something that may be a reason for agreeing, another example, or a remark to carry the idea further.
3. Doing part-time jobs can help us to have a better understanding of society. This is another way to get knowledge.
4. Even a brief visit to Greece, which id a modern gateway to the glory of the past, gives you
a profound sense of the roots of our civilization.
5. Since she is an excellent, all-around student with a congenial personality, she is a promising candidate for WOW. WOW is an international scholarship program for outstanding women around the world.
6. 后置修饰句
形容词短语可以起到定语从句的作用，但表达更为简洁。
vii. There will be no turning back or hesitation on the road to an America rich in dignity and abundant with opportunity for all our citizens.
viii.National issues grow more complex daily. So, too, does our dependence on higher education for both the skills and the knowledge necessary to our individual success in this new climate.
ix. It takes years of constant academic toil to reach a level of sophistication essential to function effectively in today’s very complex world.
x. A national economy free of the burden of debt, populated by educated citizens ready to work and to care for their neighbors must be our goal.
7. 插入语
在正常的句子中插入写成份，也会给句子带来一些变化。
xi. He (or she) looks at people in a similar way, for the man an attractive girl – and for the woman an attractive man – are the prizes they are after.
xii. At the end of the nineteenth and the beginning of this century, a man had to be aggressive and ambitious – today he has to be social and tolerant –in order to be attractive “package”.
xiii.Of course the importance of this distinction is popularly, if somewhat obscurely, recognized.
xiv. If one citizen is unwilling to participate, all of us are going to suffer. For the idea, though it is shared by all of us, is realized in each one of us.
8. 被动句
相比较，英语使用被动句的频率远高于汉语，因此作为一种变化的手段，被动句是一个不可以忽视的句型。
xv. However, very little control can be exercised over the media used to generate information that comes to you from the outside.
xvi. Our presence here is recognition that this eternal problem has now taken an unprecedented scale and it can only be dealt with by concreted worldwide action.
xvii. However, there are signs that much more serious efforts may be mustered in the reasonably near future.
9. 倒装句
倒装句一般用于上下句的连贯和句某些容的强调，但它同时又不失为句型变化的手段。
xviii. Not since the car radio has a technology so altered the nature of the driving experience as the cellular telephone.
xix. Rarely can rivals inflict such severe damage. To launch a new consumer product in America can cost $75m-100m; even then, most fail.
xx. From that science will come the realization that despite technology, man does not exercise dominion over nature.
xxi. More perilous still are attempts to milk additional sales from premium brands by taking them downmarket.
10. 破折号句
一般来说，破折号句可以用在句子的任何地方，就如在演说中突然停顿一会儿，往往可以起到强调的作用。
请比较以下两句：
I bought the flower for my best friend, my mother.
I bought the flower for my best friend – my mother.
(a) Because of their greater size and weight, men are physically more powerful than women –which is not the same thing as saying that they are stronger.
(b) But, given their advanced industries, their skilled, educated populations, and their vast energy resources, they face potentially very bright future – if they choose the proper policies now.
(c) I suspect that what she hasn’t got the time for is to become completely fluent within one year – and that any lower level of accomplishment would embarrass her.
11. 隐含条件句
隐含条件句是指把原来含有if或when引导的状语从句的句子用一个简单句表示。请比较：
If the passive voice is too frequently used, it will deprive the style of that forward movement which occurs.
A too frequent use of the passive voice will deprive the style of that forward movement which occurs.
后者用了简单句，表达简洁多了。
An examination of all the variables in the test concluded that the unusually good results were due to the way he talked to them and the tone, the confidence, the reassurance, and the certainly in his voice.
Even a moment’s reflection will show that the spoken American language is backed by expressive features lacking in the written language.
A closer consideration, however, would indicate that the potentialities of the project as a means of inspiring confidence acquire real importance.
Anyone who has an appreciation for history should be cognizant of the fact that nations and great civilizations were not destroyed from without but from within.
托福写作的高分表达方法
托福写作的高分表达方法 很多学生会选择，那么托福写作考试的高分技巧有哪些呢?跟着出guo一起来看看吧!下面是收集的有关托福考试写作技巧的资讯，欢迎阅读。 除了在句式上长短句相结合准确表达外，朗阁海外考试研究中心建议新托福考生要使用一些特殊的句式，以使句型多样化。句型多样化也是作文得到高分的条件之一。除了我们之前经常提到的高分句式，如倒装句、强调句、状语前置、插入语等，笔者还提出另外一个句式的多样变化，即主语多样化。下面笔者将列举几个句子概括介绍前面四种句型，而重点分析主语多样化。 正常句： Luck only works in extreme cases. 倒装句： Only in extreme cases does luck work.(否定词位于句首的倒装。) 正常句： The inter provides people aess to the latest information. 强调句： It is the inter that provides people aess to the latest information. (强调the inter) 正常句： The environment has been deteriorating severely along with the development of industry. 状语前置句： Along with the aelerating development of industry, the environment has been deteriorating severely.
正常句： However, new zoos try to duplicate animals’natural habitats as much as possible and give animals a fortable amount of space. 插入语： New zoos, however, try to duplicate animals’natural habitats as much as possible and give animals a fortable amount of space. (连词however做插入语) 主语多样 1. 她突然想到了一个主意。 She suddenly had an idea. 通常情况下，考生会马上对这句话进行翻译，基本不会动句子结构。但是以人作为主语的英语句子总是不能够很吸引人，所以这个句子如果稍微做下修改，以后面的宾语“主意”做主语，这个句子会发生一些变化。 An idea suddenly ourred to her. 2. 他开车心不在焉，几乎闯祸。 He was absent-minded when driving, and almost caused an aident. 这句话依然是拿人做主语，稍微改一下，把心不在焉这个形容词的名词形式做主语，会大不相同。 His absence of mind during driving nearly caused an aident. 3. 美利坚合众国创立于1789年。
雅思考试语法之时态解析
雅思考试语法之时态解析给大家分享了时态的概念和分类，时态对雅思考试的作用以及常见时态的用法，大家可以参考一下。 一、时态的定义和分类 在英语中，为了表示行为发生的时间和说话时的关系，需要用时或时态。不同的时态表示不同的时间与方式。在英语中，共有16种时态，常见的时态有8种(红色字体)。大家可以看下表： 二、时态对雅思考试的作用 对于雅思听力考试而言，要求考试的答案非常准确。其中一项考察的就是答案的时态是否正确，比如一般过去时写成了一般现在时，现在完成时写成了一般将来时等等。对于雅思阅读而言，文章中出现各种各样的时态更是家常便饭，同学们只有掌握了不同时态的具体含义，才能更好地明白那些句子表达的意思，才能更准确地做题。 对于雅思口语和写作来说，时态的考察更为严格。如果雅思口语中出现了时态的表达错误，或者自己交流过程中，只会频繁的只用一种时态，考官会偏向于降低的你的口语成绩。写作考试，不管是大作文还是小作文，出现了时态错误，可能你的作文等级就会降低。这是因为对时态的把握是英语表达中最基本的技能，用不同的时态表达同一句话绝对是两个意思。 三、常见时态的语法讲解 1. 一般现在时/过去时/将来时：一般时态表示现在、过去、将来发生的动作、情况、状态和特征。另外，一般现在时还可以表示客观事实和普遍真理。一般现在时的结构为：主语+do/does/am/is/are+…;一般过去时的结构为：主语+did/was/were+…;一般将来时的结构为：主语+will+do/be+…。大家可以参考下面的例子： 例1：一般过去时
(Unprecedented construction of tens of thousands of monumental) engineering projects (designed to control floods, protect clean water supplies, and provide water for irrigation and hydropower) brought great benefits to hundreds of millions of people. (剑7 Test 4 Passage 2) 句子结构分析：这句话的主干是一般过去时engineering projects brought great benefits to hundreds of millions of people. 童鞋们，前面那些一大串Unprecedented construction of tens of thousands of monumental 都是修饰主语的，后面的designed作后置定语修饰主语，后面跟了三个to do 结构：to control… protect…and provide…。 例2：一般将来时+一般现在时 Through meeting with the staff and satisfied students they develop the expectation that learning will be easy and pleasant and that they will successfully learn several hundred words of the foreign language during the class. (剑7 Test 4 Passage 3) 句子结构分析：Through引导方式状语，句子主干是一般现在时they develop the expectation that…，由and 连接的两个并列that从句，作定语修饰the expectation。两个定语从句都是一般将来时。 2. 现在进行时/过去进行时：进行时态表示现在或过去正在进行的动作。现在进行时的结构为：主语+am/is /are doing+…;过去进行时的结构为：主语+was/were doing+…。举例如下： 例1：现在进行时 We are studying English at present . 例2：过去进行时 I was washing my hair when you knocked at the front door. 3. 现在/过去完成时：现在完成时表示动作到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成;或者表示从过去某时刻开始，持续到现在的动作或情况，并且有可能会继续延续下去。过去完成时表示在过去的某个时间或动作以前已经发生的动作或已经存在的状态。就是我们常说的：表示"过去的过去的动作或状态"。现在完成时的结构为：主语+have/has +done +…;过去完成时的结构为：主语+had +done +…。 例1：现在完成时+一般在现在时 Given that there is a living to be made at night, and given that alternative daytimetrades are thoroughly occupied, natural selection has favoured bats that make a go of the night-hunting trade. (剑7 Test 4 Passage 1) 句子结构分析：Given that考虑到，作状语，第一个that引导there be宾语从句，第二个that引导主系表结构的从句，主句是现在完成时，natural selection has favoured bats…，第三个that引导定语从句修饰bats。
托福写作必背的句子
1、The latest surveys show that quite a few children have unpleasant associations with homework. 最近的调查显示相当多的孩子对家庭作业没什么好感2、No invention has received more praise and abuse than Internet. 没有一项发明像互联网一样同时受到如此多的赞扬和批评。 3、People seem to fail to take into account the fact that education does not end with graduation. 人们似乎忽视了教育不应该随着毕业而结束这一事实4、Many experts point out that physical exercise contributes directly to a person's physical fitness. 许多专家指出体育锻炼直接有助于身体健康 5、Proper measures must be taken to limit the number of foreign tourists and the great efforts should be made to protect local environment and history from the harmful effects of international tourism. 应该采取适当的措施限制外国旅游者的数量，努力保护当地环境和历史不受国际旅游业的不利影响。 6、An increasing number of experts believe that migrants will exert positive effects on construction of city. However, this opinion is now being questioned by more and more city
托福写作必备语法
短语： 和传统语法中的短语定义并不相同，实际运用中频率很高，同位语和介词短语，曾经是心中永远的痛之一，可以理解为插入语，也可以是修饰成分 1.名词短语：在写作中，多用名词短语而非单个名词做主语或宾语。例如，The well-dressed young man named shawn. 2.同位语短语:跟在一个名词或者代词后面补充说明的成分。分为限定性和不限定性，这里的限定的定义也适合所谓的定语从句。 非限定性同位语用2个逗号将其和句子隔开，例如，shawn,a well-known teacher,was unemployed.shawn为人名，认识我的人一看就知道，已经非常具体了，因此后面的同位语并不是起到限定和区别的作用，除非天下有千千万万个
shawn...... 限定性同位语不用逗号隔开，例如，A well-known teacher shawn was unemployed.出名的老师多了去了，加上一个shawn就限定这一个老师不是其他的著名的老师。 检验一个同位语是不是限定性可以将其去掉，看对前面的名词是否有影响。 3.动词短语 系动词 表语：一个名词短语，回指主语。shawn becomes a well-known teacher. 谓语形容词：一个描述性形容词，回指主语。shawn is handsome. 行为动词 零补语：一个不及物动词。shawn smiled. 直接宾语：一个名词短语做宾语。shawn loves the students. 双重宾语：一个间接宾语和一个直接宾语。shawn brings the students a present. 辨别间接和直接宾语：间接宾语往往可以在前面加上“for或者to”。例如，shawn brings a present for the students. 宾语和宾补：两个名词短语，都指同一个人或事。例如，shawn considered edison the man.（edison=the man）双重宾语与动词有关，是动词的内容；宾补结构只涉及两个名词短语 宾语和形容词宾补：形容词要回指宾语。例如，shawn believed edison capable. 4.介词短语 1）用作形容词的介词短语：The students in the neworiental school admired shawn. 名词短语一般是这样的顺序，形容词+名词+介词短语，例如，The brilliant students from shawn's class are always happy. 作为形容词的介词短语作为主语的一个问题就是主谓一致：A group of shawn's students are good at Chinese as well.这是经常性错误，这里的be动词应该用is 2）用作副词的介词短语 修饰动词：如果介词短语能够像副词一样，转移到句首，句子依旧正确，那么该介词短语就是修饰动词的介词短语。 例如：The students shake shawn's hand after class. 也作：After class,the students shake shawn's hand. 因此，after class是修饰动词shake，说明什么时候shake 修饰表语形容词：Shawn is unhappy with the current situation.很明显，不能是修饰名词，也不可能修饰动词，因为介词短语的位置不能转移。 修饰副词：The prince and princess lived happily in the castle.in the castle修饰副词happily 非谓语动词
雅思托福写作好句子100条
英文作文100活用句型 I. 用于文章主题句 1. 不用说… It goes without saying that子句 = (It is) needless to say (that)子句 = It is obvious that子句 = Obviously, S. + V. 例︰不用说早睡早起是值得的。 It goes without saying that it pays to keep early hours. 2. …是不可能的; 无法… There is no Ving = There is no way of Ving. = There is no possibility of Ving. = It is impossible to V. = It is out of the question to V. = No one can V. = We cannot V. 例︰不可否认的成功的事业关键在于健康的身心。 There is not denying that successful business lies in a healthy body and mind. 3. 我深信… I am greatly convinced (that)子句 = I am greatly assured (that)子句 例︰我深信预防是比治疗好。 I am greatly convinced that prevention is better than cure. 4. 在各种…之中… Among various kinds of …, … = Of all the …, … 例︰在各种运动中我尤其喜欢慢跑。 Among various kinds of sports, I like jogging in particular. 5. …是很容易证明的。 It can be easily proved (that)子句 例︰时间最珍贵是很容易证明的。
托福写作提分技巧【语法篇】.
智课网托福备考资料 托福写作提分技巧【语法篇】 托福写作要短期快速提分有一些小技巧是很好用的,应为很多托福考生对托福考试一直存在理解误区,只要走出误区,就会发现自己的写作成绩提升很快!了解更多考试资讯:400-077-0188. 今天我想说的就是帮助考友们可以在最短的时间内提升自己的分数,而这些小技巧之所以好用,绝大多数都是因为我们对托福考试的误区所造成的,因此只要走出这些误区,那么我们马上就能发现自己的分数有很大的提升。当然,我还必须说一句,就是有的人是认识的问题,也就是对托福考试的认识的问题,而大多数人的问题都是在能力上,而不是认识上,因此小伙伴们千万不要舍本逐末! 今天,老师要讲的这个暗爽提分小技巧,其实非常简单,就是语法! 很多小伙伴也许,不屑一顾,我也知道我语法不好,但是没有办法啊。其实,并不是这样的。要知道,很多小伙伴在准备托福作文的时候,第一在意的并不是语法,而是能不能写完作文,很多小伙伴都把自己的精力,花在如何套用各种各样模板或者句型上。这才是很多小伙伴在准备托福考试的时候,尤其是一开始的时候,最为在意的事情!其实当你这么做的时候,重点就错了! 其实对于写完作文这件事情,ETS并不是那么在意,要知道,有很多小伙伴没有写最后一段,或者最后一句话没写完,也是有28、29分的!而且,哪怕他们写完,作文也不
会到30分,满分。之所以会出现这种情况,就是因为,其实ETS的评分看的是你作文整体所体现出来的整体水平,这才是ETS最关心的!这里所谓的整体水平,就包括你 的遣词造句,包括你的例子是否可以很好地支持你的观点,这些内容才是ETS的加分点,至于很多人所关心的,写完一篇作文到底能打多少分?其实ET S并不能给出答案,因为不管你写的是300字,还是700字,只要写的好,分数就好,写的不好,800字的分数也仍然会很低。 是的,ETS不关心你写没写完! 反过来,ETS这位姑娘关心什么?ETS关心你是否品行正直,也就是关心你是否有语法错误。ETS关心你写的是否地道,也就是关心你是否能力拔群!这才是ETS最关心的!因此,你只要写的作文没有语法错 误,那么你的分数基本上就不会低于20分。要知道,如果每科都平均20分的话,那么你就已经有80分了哦! 那么语法错误到底怎么改?只要点破了,其实很简单,而且时间还很短。就是两点:第一,找人修改;第二,把错误的点总结,而且记下来,下次不要再犯错。 很多人总觉得,我学了这么多年英语,都没学好语法,语法怎能是几天就搞定的? 其实,我们常见的语法错误,也就是主谓一致,介词不能跟动词原形,等少数的几个问题,只要硬着头皮写3-5篇作文,就全都能暴露出来!一定要记住,写完一篇,就找人 改一篇,然后总结错误的内容,然后再写一篇,再找人改一篇,再总结错误的内容,保证在下一篇作文之中尽量不犯同样的错误,不怕写得慢,就怕犯同样的错误。只要这样,写过5篇作文,你的绝大多数错误也就都能解决了。如果,能写过10篇的话,而且都 找人改的话,你就应该不会再有什么语法错误了。一切就是这么简单!
Jsxnya托福写作好句子
Time will pierce the surface or youth, will be on the beauty of the ditch dug a shallow groove ; Jane will eat rare!A born beauty, anything to escape his sickle sweep .-- Shakespeare FOOD FOR THOUGHT FC 一．喜欢 1．SB is deeply fascinated/captivated with/by STH. 2．Sth invariably exerts a great fascination on SB. 3．Hardly can I resist the temptation of STH, which….. 二．正面影响 1．A exert/have/bring about/exercises an undeniably beneficial/positive/far-reaching/favorable detrimental/negative/adverse/harmful influence/effect/impact on B. 2.A lays a solid foundation for B. 3.A plays a /significant/indispensable/decisive/fundamental/crucial/irreplaceable role in B. （参见 五.重要性）A is of vital importance to B 三．负面影响 1．略 2．A poses a potential and probable threat to B. 3．Too much exposure to TV undermines/adversely affects/endangers our efficiency of working and studying, posing a potential and probable threat to our career. 四．套句2-3 1．It is indisputable/undeniable that 2．There is no denying the fact that 3．It is self-evident that 4．It goes without saying that 5．It is widely/universally accepted/acknowledged that 6．It is no exaggeration to say that 7．There is a growing awareness among people that 五．重要性 1. It is television that makes our life simple, colorful and dynamic, without which our life would probably pale./whose importance can never be exaggerated/which plays an irreplaceable role in relaxation and recreation. 2. Nothing can be compared with the importance of friends./ Nothing can equal/match the importance of friends. (最重要)
托福写作评分标准
托福写作评分标准公司内部编号：（GOOD-TMMT-MMUT-UUPTY-UUYY-DTTI-
托福写作评分标准托福写作评分包括机器评分以及人工评分两部分: 机器评分E-rater- 语法是否正确、用词是否得当、以及单词拼写及大小写是否准确等方面, 一篇考生的文章会经过两台机器评分。 人工评分通过ETS阅卷人评分，综合写作和独立写作分别有两位阅卷人给出分数。 托福写作原始分数为0-5分，考生得分分为三个level GOOD，FAIR，LIMITED 最终成绩通过两个科目的分数取平均分，再换算为30分制的分数。 详解托福综合写作的评分细则
综合写作是托福写作板块中的其中一项。托福考试的写作部分分为综合(Integrated writing)和独立(Independent writing)两块，这两块分别独立评分，取平均值后得到最终的分数。也就是说，这两个部分各占一半权重，因此应给予相同程度的重视。关于这两部分的了解，强烈建议同学们自己去看看ETS出版的托福考试官方指南(OG)，OG里面对于考试形式和评分标准有非常详尽的介绍，有些同学在准备输出端考试(写作或者口语)的时候，居然连评分细则都不看，仅凭自己的主观臆测和对于老师讲解的依稀记忆去打造自己的文章，考不好真的不奇怪。下面，我们就来分析一下托福考试的评分细则。 综合写作的满分要求是： A response at this level successfully selects the important information from the lectu 5分：文章切题，阐说充分，文章有说服力;段落组织有序，衔接紧密，过渡自然，有很强的逻辑性;段落内句与句连接顺畅，句式使用恰当，灵活，娴熟;用词确切，得体。文章中有个别语法拼写错误，但不影响内容表达。 4分：文章切题，阐说基本充分，在某些细节上有缺陷。段落层次组织有序，衔接紧密，过渡自然，逻辑性强;句间连接顺畅，句式使用恰当，灵活;用词基本得体。文章中有少量用词不当和语法拼写错误。 3分：文章切题，阐说尚可，展开不够。段落层次组织有序，衔接紧密，过渡自然，有逻辑性;句间连接基本顺畅;有部分句法错误;用词一般，有时不得体。词性区分和拼写等有若干错误
新托福写作讲义整理版(庄重)
新东方·北京2008年7月 庄重 整理：Sketch K＆Tina （思琦＆萌萌） 2008年7月28日第一讲 一．托福写作的评分系统 官方指南 按分数档次进行微调 评判：一分钟内浏览给分数档次 根据闪点+- 1分 必须给评分者短时间内最好的印象 不能在关键的地方犯恶心的错误 关键：各段首句，文章末句及具有强结论的句子 恶心：主谓不一致 时态问题 名词单复数 印象极为关键：紧扣题目，紧扣要求 二．如何取悦评卷人 1 必须有清晰的整体脉络
2 必须有自然的段间衔接 3 经典的用词用句 经典用词用句的锻造： 用词：动词 核心动词的动词的使用是写作能力的标志 e.g,: eat ---consume 英语写作表达的美在于用不同的单词表达相同的含义 e.g.:show ---display --- demonstrate 近义词的积累 英语中“好”的词有： Good / ok Perfect / glorious / terrific / fantastic Superb 用句： It 作形式主语或形式宾语 e.g. : It is easy to learn English there be 倒装、虚拟、强调 名人名言（不要使用c-e）（千万不要乱编） ***said + 直接引用———不用 ***believed + 自由表述 -----用 可用人物: Kant& Nietzsche 只用于道德和爱心之类的话题 三．文化差异对应试写作产生的影响 1 必须有清晰的结构 观点鲜明的开头 紧扣主题的结尾 由主题句引导的衔接自然的中间段落 引导：主题句一定要在该段首句 2 必须要有统一的中心 3 自然的衔接（衔接为其生命） 中文：意合语言 英文：形合语言 逻辑关系的显性化 逻辑关键词 衔接方法：1 重复词：概括重复直接重复和齐头重复 2 序数词：first…second… 3 关联词：并列 and 转折 but 让步 although 递进 in addition 因果 because e.g. Because of having rain ,he developed a high fever , and thus has to sleep at home .his absence resulted in the reduction of his pay. 4 转折和让步之间的差别 让步好于转折 democracy 民主 e.g. they are poor ---they suffer from poverty They are hungry ---they struggle against starvation ------they suffer form poverty ,struggling against starvation 左手：遣词造句的上升 右手：思维方式的改变 e.g: 我们不会把所有秘密告诉其他人 we don’t tell others all the secrets we don’t let others know all the secrets we hide some secrets from others everyone has privacy 四．平时训练写作的方法 境界：手中有文章心中有文章出口成章 手中无文章心中有文章 手中无文章心中无文章妙笔生花 《新东方英语中学版》 1 阅读 I will think about it 没戏
托福写作技巧(总结)
把教授如何反驳文章中三个分论点挺清楚，例子都是阅读文章里的所以不用记，听力里主要是在讲阅读文章中的例子有哪些缺陷或不严谨的地方，从而无法成为有效的论据，甚至成为别的观点的论据。 有自己的写作模式、写作套路。 先不限时写几篇，写完一篇就立刻打印出来逐字逐句修改（电脑上改容易偷懒），把过于简单的词和句子一一替换，注意别用太难的词和没把握的词，能用到6级词汇就差不多了，心情好了再拽两个托福词汇上去也就足够了。我觉得最好用的就是形容词和副词，可以记几个托福水平的精彩形容词和副词，选择自己看着顺眼的，在平凡的名词前加好看的形容词，在平淡的句子里随处放置抢眼的副词，这样文章一下子就丰富起来了。 插入语，句式变换，每段第一句试着倒装、或用被动语态 多用具体的详细的例子，别停留在就事论事上，可以试着延伸到生活的其他方面 注意线性思维，“总分总” 托福作文写五段，第一段是中心思想段，二三四是支持段落，最后是总结段落 无论是综合写作还是独立写作，考生追求的基本目标是把想说的意思用书面英语表达清楚，让阅卷人读懂和明白。从语言角度来说，有两大标准，即准确性和多样化。能够达到词词准确，又使用到不同的词句来表达相同、相似的意思，从语言角度来说已经符合托福考试的高分要求。 仿写。只看不写，永远不能将输入语言化成输出语言。尽量仿写整句，保持原句结构，替换内容！ In a word, it is rather superficial to simply say that.........+观点：In a word, it is rather superficial to simply say that parents are the best teachers。用一句话说，简单地认为父母是最好的老师是相当肤浅的。 综合写作部分的评分标准： 1、内容的完整性和准确性。简单地说，就是文章是否有将讲座中的关键信息点完整、准确地提 取出来，并和阅读材料中的相关内容有效地一一对应。如果讲座中的信息点有缺失，那么会有一定程度 的扣分；如果只写了有关阅读材料的观点，得1分。 文章的组织机构，词汇和语法的正确性和准确性。高分的作文需要做到条理清晰，结构连贯，用词 恰当，能够准确地表达讲座中的观点与阅读材料中的观点是如何相互联系的，只要作文中的错误不至于 使内容表述出现误解，一些偶尔出现的语言错误，如单词拼写、单复数问题等，不会对作文成绩产生很 大影响，当然，错误肯定是越少越好的。 独立写作部分的评分标准： 1、有效回应题目，阐明文章主题。一般来说，独立写作完全跑题的情况很少，但是很多考生在 展开讨论时所采用的论据，比较容易出现跟主题关联性不大的情况，即局部答非所问的现象，从而影响 了得分。2、逻辑条理清楚，论证充分展开。这一点的关键在于文章论证的展开，是否提供了大量的细节和例子来支持观点，而非泛泛而谈地说理。3、内容连贯一致，衔接自然流畅。达到内容连贯一致的文章通常全文围绕中心论点展开，而不会论据自相矛盾，也不会重复论证，有时候通过一些表示因果、先后、递进的关系连词可以起到粘合剂的作用。4、遣词造句地道，语言驾驭娴熟。托福考试终究是语言考试，最终还是要考查考生的语言运用能力，但是要注意的是，并不是要求考生通篇都用难词偏语长句，而是要会变化着用一些美国人常用的语句把自己的想法表达清楚，所以建议考生尽量多阅读和模仿英文原版材料，这样写出来的文章才能够原汁原味。
托福写作成功类话题句子集锦【必背】
托福写作成功类话题句子集锦【必背】
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智课网TOEFL备考资料
托福写作成功类话题句子集锦【必背】摘要：托福写作成功类话题句子集锦【必背】，成功类话题我们在考试中经常会遇到，是我们经常考试的一种话题，今天小编就来为大家介绍一下有关托福写作成功类话题的相关内容介绍，希望对你的托福考试会有一定的帮助。 你要的成功是什么? (今天这篇文章，主要讨论如何获得成功的方式) 其实我更想问的，是: 为了达到你所期望的成功的结果，你觉得你应该怎么做? 需要改变什么，付出什么? 成功，作为一个结果性名词，本身并不重要。其实我们更应该关注的，也许是我们还需要做些什么，才能让自己成为一个更好的人，在自己所擅长或者所感兴趣的领域中获得更多不一样的视角，保持自己的新鲜感和好奇心，因为这两个东西，是我们持续创造力的能源。而事实上，我们可以回想一下，所谓的成功，就是一段段“与众不同”的故事。而意识到成功需要做一些和大部分人在做的事情、想做的是事情、会做的事情不一样的事情，其实只能算是成功路上的第一步。换句话说，就是知道做什么并不难，最难得部分是把那些该做的事情坚持做下去。这个才是决定大部分的人是否可以成功最关键的要素。 在我们的教育和社会媒体的推波助澜下，我们越来越重视结果，因为取得了成功的结果就意味着获得享受这个结果背后资源和荣誉的权利，在金钱和类似有限资源越稀缺的情况下，这种权利就越容易让人争先恐后。
而很多人对于结果的过度狂热已经慢慢变成了一种习惯，习惯性地认为我是为了成功这个结果才努力的。 在我看来，达到成功这个结果的方式，有两种： 1) Periodic Success Runner -- 为了阶段性结果而努力，缺什么补什么，目的性强，时间利用效率高但是收获也更趋于功利。享受了成功结果带给自己的喜悦和好处过后，这个过程中形成的能力都会慢慢退化。 2) Life-long Achievement Pursuer (这种Pursuer有两种) a. -- 无意识努力型：找到了自己的兴趣点以后，不断学习并完善自己对于自己所喜爱东西的了解和能力，并逐渐形成自己的风格和习惯。他们知道自己喜欢做的、想做的是什么，并且会通过经常性的重复做这些事情获得乐趣以及精进的经验。 b. -- 主观奋进型: 并不会给自己列下各种条条框框，诸如阶段性目标，要做些什么，要变成什么样子。但是会对于自己所做的事情不断精益求精。在实际操作时，就会发现很多待解决的具体问题，进而产生源源不断的创造力，以解决层出不穷的具体问题。 这两种人，有一个共性特征：他们基本不以成功的结果作为自己努力的动力或者目标，而是遵循“先修身，再立业”的顺序，依靠兴趣或者内在驱动力持续性地让自己在感兴趣或者所从事的领域变得越来越专业，然后才会慢慢取得他人难以取得的成就。 这两种成功方式最大的区别，也是大部分的人会选择第一种方式的原因，就是耗时长短不一样。谁都知道文火慢炖出来的汤更浓更入味，但是在喧嚣功利的大环境下，每个人都更愿意首先选择更轻松、更省时的“速成”方式，迅速成功。速成法根基不稳收效微薄的道理不用赘述，我觉得大部分人自认为都明白，但是当做决定的时候，却还是会有各种理由选择更快的方式，总觉得自己可能就是那“即使这么做却仍然可以收获所有正面好处”小概率事件中的那个
资料NO.2 托福写作常见语法及高分句型 改错练习
资料NO.2 托福写作常见语法点讲义 一、从句 英文的句子分为三种基本类型：简单句、并列句、复合句 逗号不可以连接两个句子 My name is sherry, i graduated from ZJ university（*） Some prefer to leave their phones at home, they don’t want to be bothered when they are enjoying rest time. (*) 并列句是几个简单句用连词连接而成 常见连词：and, but, or, nor, so, yet, however, for, hence, as well as, notwithstanding, whereas... 1、简单句的五种基本类型 英语句子有长有短，结构有简有繁。从表面上看虽然千变万化，但从本质上说却有其内在的结构规律——简单句的五种基本句型。 主语+系动词+表语 主语+谓语 主语+谓语+宾语 主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语 2、所有的长难句都是由这五种基本句型转化而来 一般来讲，一个句子除了有主语和谓语之外，其他可能包含的成分还有宾语、表语、定语、状语、补语和同位语。 其中，谓语比较特殊，只能由动词来充当。而其他成分则可以由词、短语、句子来充当。 当用一个完整的句子来充当另一个句子的某个成分时，即构成相应的从句。
●主语从句 What i am reading is interesting. 完整的句子what i am reading 做主语 ●宾语从句 No one knows exactly whether there is life on other planets. 完整的句子whether there is life on other planets做宾语 ●表语从句 English is what i like most among all subjects. 完整的句子what i like most among all subjects. ●同位语从句 I love the saying that love, not time heals all wounds. 完整的句子love, not time heals all wounds做saying 的同位语 *idea，fact, belief等名词后常常带同位语从句 一个世纪以前，弗洛伊德阐述了他具有革命性的理论，即梦是一种对我们潜意识里的欲望和恐惧所产生的内心深处的反映。 A century ago, Freud formulated his revolutionary theory that dreams were the disguised shadows of our subconscious desires and fears. ●定语从句 先行词：被定语从句修饰的对象叫先行词（可以是单词、短语、句子） 关系词：重复指代先行词、起连接主句和从句的作用，并且在定语从句中充当一定成分的连接词称为关系词。 限定性定语从句VS 非限定性定语从句 Smart card, which can carry as much as 80 times more information on them than conventional cards with a magnetic stripe, are already widely used in European countries where centralized banks can roll out new services on a nationwide basis. Behaviorists suggests that the child who is raised in an environment where there are
2017.1.12雅思真题阅读理解A句子成分分析
Passage 1： Agriculture and Tourism A Linkages定语between the Agri-Food Sector and Tourism offer significant opportunities 定语for the development of both sectors within the region. These linkages could lead to 宾语ensuring the sustainability (可持续性) of the region's tourism product, thus ensuring it preservation. Agriculture and tourism — two of Wisconsin's most industries — are teaming up in southwestern Wisconsin (美国，威斯康辛州). A pilot project has found that tourists, rural communities, and some farmers could benefit from stronger efforts定语to promote and market 宾语agricultural tourism there. In 1990, agricultural tourism project members surveyed 宾语290 visitors to the annual Monroe Cheese Festival and 宾语164 visitors to the Picnic on the Farm, 同位语a one-time event held in Platteville in conjunction with the Chicago Bears summer training camp. More than one-half of those 定语surveyed responded favorably to a proposed tour, 状语saying they would be interested in participating in some type of agricultural tour in southwestern Wisconsin. Survey
新东方托福作文内容整理
新东方内容整理 7．11： Writing: A.托福写作主要是注重daily affairs,而不是political issues. 注重的是examples,而不是critical thinking and reasoning. 是低级写作，而不是高级写作。 注重vocabulary和sentence structure. B. score5： a．Effectively address the topic and task. b. well organized: Structure: Introduction Body1 Body2 Body3 Conclusion C. unity(切题)，progression(层次)，coherence(连贯，承接词) Firstly, . Theoretically speaking, . For instance, . Moreover, . Briefly, . d．Word choice, syntactic variety 词汇的转换： E.g. 好：good better best nice(低级) Excellent, perfect, （中级） Outstanding, brilliant, fantastic, awesome, remarkable, impressive, extraordinary, fabulous （高级）词组的转换：由低级结构向高级结构转化。 陈强调了由adj.+n.向n.+of+n.的转化。 E.g. A man of wisdom An individual of intelligence A man of respect A book of deep philosophy A magazine of good sales A flower of beauty Patriotism is the tree of liberty refreshed from time to time with the blood of tyrants and patriots. Thomas Jefferson It was the best of time, it was the worst of time; it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness; it was the epoch of belief, it was the epoch of incredulity; it was the season of light, it was the season of darkness; it was the spring of hope, it was the winter of despair. We have everything before us, we have nothing before us; we are all going direct to the heaven, we are all going direct to the other way.