高考英语语法填空答题技巧

高考英语语法填空答题技巧

语法填空是通过语篇在语境中考察语法知识的运用能力，我们在解题前应快速浏览短文掌握大意，有把握的空格可以先进行填写。在读懂短文的基础上，再结合短文提供的特定的语言环境去逐句分析，逐题解答。下面按题型设计分三种情况：

一、纯空格试题的解题技巧

纯空格填空题主要是填冠词、介词、代词、连接词(含从属连词和并列连词)等虚词。

首先，分析句子结构，根据句子所缺成分确定填哪类词。然后，根据句子意思，确定具体填什么词；或根据两句间的逻辑关系确定具体用哪个连词。共有以下7个技巧：

技巧1：在简单句和并列句中，若句子缺主语或宾语，一定是填代词。

例1：I can’t send a message to Kenya whenever I want to, and __1__ gets there almost in a second.

技巧2：名词前面，若没有限定词（冠词、形容词性物主代词、不定代词等），很可能是填限定词。

例2：It is said that a short-tempered man in the Song Dynasty was very anxious to help___2___ rice crop grow up quickly.

技巧3：名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语时，其前面，一定是填介词。

例3：…who should have the honour of receiving me ___3___ a guest in their house.

技巧4: 若两个或几个单词或短语之间没有连词，可能是填连词。

例4：…two world-famous artists, Pablo Picasso 4 Cabdido Poitinari, which are worth millions of dollars.

技巧5：若两个句子（即两个主谓结构）之间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，一定是填并列连词（连接并列的句子）或从属连词（连接定语从句、名词性从句和状语从句）。

例5：The greatest magician of all time was Harry Houdini ___5 _died in 1926.

例6：He was very tired after doing thus foe a whole day, ___6___he felt very happy.

技巧6: 由特殊句式结构来判断空格应填的词。

(1) 由it is … that…强调结构的形式，判断it 还是that。判断方法：去掉it is … that…结构，句子还是一个完整的句子就是强调句型。

(2) 由it 作形式主语或形式宾语的句式判断，空格是否填it.

例7：…and ___7__ was only after I heard she become sick that I learned she couldn’t eat MSG (味精).

例8：… as ___8__ took them just three minutes to steal paintings by two words-famous artists..

例9：Dating sites also makes___9__ easy to avoid someone whom you are not interested in.

(3) 在倒装句式中通常填only, so, neither, nor, never, hardly, seldom, not…until等词。

例10：__10___ with hard work can you expect to get pay rise.

(4) so / such …that…句型

例11：This made the goat so jealous ___11___ it began plotting against the donkey.

(5) more …than…(与其说……不如说……，比……更……)句型。

例12：Cynthia’s story shows vividly that people remember more how much a manager cares ___12____ how much he pays.

二、给出了动词的试题解题技巧

首先，判断要填的动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。然后按照以下两点进行思考。

技巧7：若句子没有别的谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所给动词就是谓语动词；若是谓语动词，就要考虑时态语态。

例13：When I die, I 13 (give) everything to you.

例14：That was definitely not an attractive idea so I politely declined her invitation, 14__(close) my book and walked away.

例15：In Loganm three people _15_(take) to a hospital, while others were treated at a local clinic.

例16：Being too anxious to help an event develop often 16 (result) the contrary to our intention.（2008年广东高考语法填空）

例17：Now, Valentine’s Day is 17 (celebrate) in many countries around the world.

技巧8: 若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定是v-ing形式，-ed形式，还是不定式，确定的方法主要有：

(1) 作主语或宾语，通常用v-ing 形式表示习惯或一般情况，用不定式表示具体情况。

例18：…but it is not enough only _18_(memorize) rules from a grammar book.

例19： 19 _(speak) out your inner feeling won’t make you feel ashamed, on the contrary…

(2) 作目的状语或在形容词后作状语，一般用不定式。

例20：_20_(complete) the project as planed, we’ll have to work two more hours

a day.

(3) 作伴随状语，通常用分词，若与逻辑主语是主动关系，用现在分词（v-ing）;若是被动关系，用过去分词（-ed）。

例21：He saw the stone, __21_(say) to himself: “the night will be very dark.”

例22：The headmaster went into the lab, _22_(follow) by the foreign guests.

技巧9: 动词的词类转换主要做主语、宾语和定语。

例23：There are 23 (comfort) feelings often as any kind of physical pain.

例24：They entered the Credit Lyonnais branch using building 24 (equip)

to dig holes

例25：These people have made great _ 25 (contribute) to China with their work.

三、词类转换题的解题技巧

这类题主要是考查名词、形容词和副词，根据该词在句中所作句子成分确定用那种形式，具体技巧有以下三种。

技巧10: 作表语（在系动词之后）、定语（修饰名词）或宾补（表性质状态），通常用形容词形式。

例26：The youngster immediately fell _26_(silence) as tears flew down from his big blue eyes.

例27：Teachers must try their best to make most of their students _27_(interest) in the subject.

技巧11: 修饰动词、形容词、副词，或整个句子，作状语，用副词形式。

例28：As I looked _28 (close) at this girl, I found that…

例29： 29 (fortune),the guest escaped unharmed.

技巧12: 有的词义转换题，词类或词性不一定要变，主要是考查具有与词根意义相反的派生词，需要句子意思及前后逻辑关系，在词根前加un-, im-, in-等，在词根后加-less 等。

例30： People certainly have a variety of reasons for going back to school but one important thing to know is, no knowledge is _30_(use).

例31：Your mistake caused a lot of _31_(necessary) work in the office.

技巧13: 括号中所给词若是形容词或副词，有可能考查其比较级或最高级。

例32：The other frog went on jumping as hard as he could… he jumped even _32_(hard) and nearly made himself out.

例33：The _33_(bad) damage was reported in the towns of Logan and Clovis, which are about 80 miles apart, police said.

例34：…, but he felt very happy since the crop did “grow” 34 (high)以上仅对语法填空中的主要情况进行了概括，在做语法填空题时，还应注意英语中的固定句型、固定搭配等。

Passage 1 (2015?新课标全国Ⅰ)

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Yangshuo，China

It was raining lightly when I __1__ (arrive) in Yangshuo just before I didn't few hours __2__，I'd been at home in Hong Kong，with __3__ (it) choking ，the air was clean and fresh，even with the rain.

I'd skipped nearby Guilin，a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River __4__ are pictured by artists in so many Chinese __5__ (painting).Instead，I'd headed straight for those who fly to Guilin，it's only an hour away __6__ car and offers all the scenery of the

better-known city.

Yangshuo __7__ (be) really study of travelers __8__ (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in & Kent，a travel company in Hong Kong，says it __9__ (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people __10__ (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.

【语篇导读】

桂林山水甲天下，阳朔风光甲桂林。作者讲述了从香港去阳朔旅游时的所见。

1.解析：考查动词的时态。主句谓语动词使用了过去进行时，根据语境此处要用一般过去时态。

答案arrived

2.解析：考查副词的用法。由语境可知，几个小时之前我还在香港的家中，由此可知before/earlier符合句意。

答案before/earlier

3.解析：考查形容词性物主代词的用法。空格后面有名词smog，故要使用形容词性物主代词。

答案its

4.解析：考查定语从句关系代词的用法。由句子结构不难判断这是一个定语从句。先行词为指物的mountain tops and dark waters，关系词在从句中作主语，因此答案为that/

which。

答案that/ which

5.解析：考查名词的复数。“so many+复数名词”为一常用短语。

答案paintings

6.解析：考查介词的固定用法。根据句意可知，这只是驱车一小时的路程。“by+交通工具名词”为一固定短语。

答案by

7.解析：考查主谓一致和动词时态。本段介绍阳朔的自然条件，属客观事实，要用一般现在时，由于主语是单数第三人称形式，因此答案为is。

答案is

8.解析：考查过去分词短语作后置定语的用法。study与conduct之间为动宾关系，故用表示被动的过去分词形式。此外，by是解题的关键词，conducted by...意为“由……所做的”。

答案conducted

9.解析：考查副词的用法。该词修饰谓语动词arrange，故要用其副词形式。

答案regularly

10.解析：考查现在分词短语作后置定语的用法。由于live与其所修饰的名词people 之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用表示主动意义的现在分词形式。

答案living

Passage 2 (2015?新课标全国Ⅱ)

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

The adobe dwellings(土坯房)__1__(build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even __2__ most modern of architects and addition to their simple beauty，what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their __3__(able) to “air condition”a house without __4__(use)electric made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat __5__(slow)during cool nights，thus warming the a new day breaks，the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough __6__ (cool) the house during the hot day：__7__ the same time，they warm up again for the cycle __8__ (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消)for the outside (nature) architects，the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly__10__thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.

【语篇导读】

相比现代化的建筑，简陋的土坯房可谓丑陋不堪。但当代的建筑师却对其情有独钟。短文主要介绍了土坯房能够调节温度的原理。

1.解析：考查过去分词短语作后置定语。主语dwellings与动词build之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词形式。又由by一词的暗示也可知用表示被动意义的过去分词。

答案built

2.解析：考查定冠词的用法。空格之后为形容词的最高级形式，故填定冠词。

答案the

3.解析：考查形容词与名词的转换。形容词性物主代词their之后应当用名词，故将able转化为其名词形式。

答案ability

4.解析：考查介词的用法。介词without之后的动词要用动名词形式。

答案using

5.解析：考查副词的用法。由土坯制成的墙壁在炎热的白天吸收太阳的热量并在凉爽的夜间慢慢将热量释放出来。修饰谓语动词give out，因此要用副词形式。

答案slowly

6.解析：考查固定句式的用法。“形容词+enough+动词不定式”为一常用句式。

答案to cool

7.解析：考查固定短语的用法。at the same time意为“同时”，是一个常用介词短语。

答案at

8.解析：考查动词的时态。这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了土坯房冬暖夏凉的原理，故用一般现在时态。

答案goes

9.解析：考查形容词的用法。修饰名词architects，故要用形容词形式。

答案natural

10.解析：考查宾语从句的连接词用法。分析句子结构可知，这是一个宾语从句。根据形容词thick及结构可知这里的意思是印第安人要算出土坯墙的确切厚度。所以答案为how。

答案how

Passage 3 (2015?福建)

阅读下面短文，根据以下提示：1)汉语提示，2)首字母提示，3)语境提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的英语单词，所填单词要求意义准确，拼写正确。

Sometimes we have disagreements with this (1)h_____， the important thing is to try not to let a calm discussion turn into a heated (2)_____ my tips for you.

The (3)f_____ thing I would say is that the way you begin the conversation is very important.

Imagine you are a student and you share a flat (4)_____ another student who you think isn't doing her share of the you say, “Look, you never do your share of the housework.(5) _____ are you going to do about it?”， the discussion will very soon turn into an 's much more (6)_____ (有帮助)to say something like, “I think we had (7)b_____ have another look about how we divide up the there is a better way of dealing with it.”

My second piece of (8)a_____ is you're the person who is in the wrong, just admit it! This is the easiest and best way to avoid an make an (9)_____ (道歉),

and move other person will have more respect for you (10)_____ the future if you do that.

答案：

beneficial

Passage 4 (2015?湖南)

Directions: Complete the following passage by filling in each blank with one word that best fits the context.

Research has become both simpler and more complex. It's simpler because, __1__ you have a computer, you can find information you need by searching the Internet. For all your information, you don't have to go to __2__ library to find the relevant resource and take notes on it. Instead, you can find some sources from the Internet __3__ print the copies , however, that you should usually consult different types of sources. That is, you __4__ always rely just on the Internet for your research.

While finding information is easier than ever, at the same time, researching has become __5__ complex. There is a lot more material available, which means you may be overwhelmed __6__ the amount of information. You need to learn __7__ to sort through and find the relevant information for your particular project. Also, __8__need to check the accuracy of it.

【语篇导读】

随着电脑和因特网的出现，研究变得既简单又复杂。一方面，我们不必像以往一样在

书中搜索资料，这为我们提供了极大的方便;另一方面，网络中众多的资料良莠不齐，选择准确的信息使我们的工作变得愈加复杂。

1.解析：考查状语从句。根据句意，如果你有了电脑，你可以通过上网获得所需的信息。

答案if

2.解析：考查冠词。go to the library去图书馆;in the library 在图书馆。

答案the

3.解析：考查连词。and 连接并列谓语find和print。

答案and

4.解析：考查情态动词。根据上文你应该(should)查阅不同的资料。

答案shouldn't

5.解析：考查形容词比较级。参见上文第一句more complex。

答案more

6.解析：考查介词。be overwhelmed with 面临，陷入。

答案with

7.解析：考查疑问词。根据句意，你需要学习如何分类并找到特定任务的相关信息。how to do 是含有疑问词的不定式，在此处作宾语。

8.解析：考查代词。参见上文You need to learn how to sort throug...

答案you

Passage 5 (2014?新课标全国Ⅰ)

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix?

In 1969，the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland，__1__ (be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned river was so polluted that it __2__(actual) caught fire and ，years later，this river is one of __3__ most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.

But the river wasn't changed in a few days __4__ even a few took years of work __5__ (reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the ，that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is __6__(clean) than ever.

Maybe you are facing an impossible you have a habit __7__ is driving your family you drink too much or don't know how to control your credit card you face such an impossible situation，don't you want a quick fix and something to change immediately?

While there are __8__ (amaze) stories of instant transformation，for most of us the __9__(change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work，like cleaning up a polluted be __10__(patience).

1.解析：文章讲的是1969年的事情，故用过去时。

答案was

2.解析：修饰动词caught，用副词actually“实际上”。

答案actually

3.解析：most outstanding是最高级，前面需要加the。

答案the

4.解析：河流不是几天或者几个月里就改变了的，这里两个时间是选择关系，故用or。

答案or

5.解析：这里考查固定句型：It takes some time to do sth“做某事花费多长时间”。故应填不定式to reduce。

答案to reduce

6.解析：根据下文than知用形容词的比较级。

答案cleaner

7.解析：habit是先行词，故用that/which引导定语从句。

答案that/which

8.解析：是“令人吃惊的”，用形容词修饰名词stories，而amazed指“人感到吃惊

的”，用来修饰人。

答案amazing

9.解析：根据句子的谓语“are”可知主语应为复数。

答案changes

10.解析：根据空格前系动词“be”可知这里应为形容词。

答案patient

Passage 6 (2014?广东)

阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。

Last year，my brother and I went to Miami for a of my friends who had been there before said __1__ was a wonderful holiday we went，we had planned for the day came，we were ready.

After our plane landed，we went to the had made our reservation six months __2__(early)，but the man at the front desk said there had been a __3__(tell)that our rooms hadn't been reserved for that week，__4__ for the week didn't understand __5__ this would happen and my credit card had already been charged __6__ the 's worse，the hotel had been fully we were wondering what to do，the manager came was __7__(surprise) apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on __8__ top had never stayed in such an amazing room，and we weren't charged extra.

The next day，my brother and I went to the beach __9__ we watched some people play got a little __10__(sunburn)，but the day had been so relaxing that we didn't mind.

【语篇导读】

本文是一篇记叙文，记述了我和我兄弟去Miami(迈阿密)旅游，当到达目的地后，来到六个月前订的宾馆，却意外被告知订的房间是下个星期的，且该宾馆房间已订满。正当不知如何办时，经理出来了，将他们安排在留出来的VIP房间，且不另外收他们的钱，真是喜出望外的事。

1.解析：在said后的宾语从句中缺主语，应填代词;指代前句中的Miami这个地方，应用it。

答案it

2.解析：在句中作状语，依然用副词;不变词性，因为是较早的做的事，所以用比较级。

答案earlier

3.解析：由句意可知，是“我们被告知”，由上下文的时态可知，用一般过去时的被动语态。

答案were told

4.解析：根据上下句意，意为“不是为那个星期订的，而是为后一个星期所订的”，为not...but...结构。

答案but

5.解析：意为“我不知道为什么会发生这样的事”，故用why引导宾语从句。

答案why

6.解析：charge...for...是习惯搭配。

答案for

7.解析：因本句已有作表语的形容词helpful，所以应当用副词来修饰形容词helpful，指“令人惊讶地，意外地”，故填surprisingly。

答案surprisingly

8.解析：特指“在顶楼”。

答案the

9.解析：先行词是地点the beach，且在定语从句中作状语，故填where (=on which =and on the beach =and there)。

答案where

10.解析：在表示“变化”的got后作表语，要用形容词;sunburn是名词，其形容词形式是burnt或burned。

答案sunburnt/sunburned

Passage 7 (2014?福建)

阅读下面短文，根据以下提示：1)汉语提示，2)首字母提示，3)语境提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的英语单词，所填单词要求意义准确，拼写正确。

Many of us were raised with the saying“Waste not，want not.”None of us，(1)h_____，can completely avoid waste in our lives.

Any kind of waste is we waste our potential talents，our own time，our limited natural (2) _____ (资源)，our money，or other people's time，each of us can become more aware and smallest good habits can make a big (3)d .It's a good feeling to know in our hearts we are doing our (4)b_____ in a world that is in serious focusing on (5) _____ (节省)oil，water，paper，food，and clothing，we are playing a part (6)_____ cutting down on waste.

We must keep reminding (7)_____ (自己)that it is easier to get into something (8)_____ it is to get out of ，severe damage (9)d_____ to our land is fairly recent in the history of our 's time for us to (10)_____ no to waste so that our grandchildren's children will be able to develop can't solve all the problems of waste，but we can encourage mindfulness.

Waste not!

答案解析：

1.解析：句意：然而，在我们的生活中，没有人能完全避免浪费。位于句中，前后都有逗号，用副词，所以填however。

答案however

2.解析：作waste的宾语，故用名词形式，且用名词复数。

答案resources

3.解析：句意：最小的好习惯也会起作用。make a difference是固定用法，意思是有影响，起作用。

答案difference

4.解析：do one's best是固定用法，意思是尽某人最大的努力。

答案best

5.解析：介词on之后用动词的-ing形式。

答案saving

6.解析：play a part in是固定用法，意思是“在……中起作用”。

答案in

7.解析：句意：我们必须不断地提醒我们自己，所以填反身代词ourselves。

答案ourselves

8.解析：这里进行比较，所以用比较句式，故填than。

答案than

9.解析：“严重危害”和“作用于”之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。

答案done

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高考英语语法填空题解题技巧与方法 内部编号：（YUUT-TBBY-MMUT-URRUY-UOOY-DBUYI-0128）

高考英语语法填空技巧与方法 解题策略与技巧 1. 通读全文，把握大意。 既然是通过语篇在语境中考语法，那么，我们在解题前，应快速浏览短 文，把握全文大意，这一步非常重要。 2. 结合语境，试填空格。 读懂短文之后，要结合短文所提供的特定的语言环境，从句子结构的完整性去分析思考空格所缺单词的词性，再根据句子的结构和意义，以及句子之间的逻辑关系来确定具体要填的单词和所给词的正确形式。具体来说，可按设题类型分为三类情况： 3. 重读全文，解决难题。 在解题过程中要先易后难，难题在大部分空格填好后，再经过仔细推敲，难题也就不会再难了。所有空格填好后，把整篇文章从头至尾复读一遍。 一、纯空格试题的解题技巧。 首先，分析句子结构，确定填哪类词。然后，再根据句子的意思，确定具体填什么词；或根据两句间的逻辑关系确定具体用哪个连词。确定填哪类词有以下7个技巧： 技巧1：缺主语或宾语，一定是填代词或名词(多考代词)。如：[例1]I can send a message to Kenya whenever I want to, and ___38___ gets there almost in a second. (2007年茂名一模) 技巧2：名词前面，若没有限定词(冠词、形容词性物主代词、不定代词)，很可能填限定词。如：

[例2]It is said that a short-tempered man in the Song Dynasty (960—1279) was very anxious to help ___33___rice crop grow up quickly. (2008年广东高考) [例3]…the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to ___35___ small town some 20 kilometers away where there was a garage. (2007年广东高考) 技巧3：句子不缺主语、表语、动词后不缺宾语的情况下，名词或代词前面，一定是填介词。 [例1]… who should have the honour of receiving me ___33___ a guest in their house. (2007年广东高考) 技巧4：若两个或几个单词或短语之间没有连词，可能是填连词。 [例1]…two world-famous artists, Pablo Picasso ___34___ Candido Portinari, which are worth millions of dollars. [例2]…all I saw was this beautiful girl, whose smile just melted me ___36___almost instantly gave me a completely new sense of what life is all about. (2008年深圳一模) 技巧5：若两句(一个主谓关系算一个句子)之间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，一定是填并列连词或从属连词。 [例1] I wanted to see as much of the city as possible in the two days ___32___I was to return to Guangzhou. (2008年广州一模) [例2] He was very tired after doing this for a whole day, ___37___he felt very happy… (2008年广东高考)