2016年高考英语试题解析(全国Ⅰ卷)

2016年全国Ⅰ卷高考英语试题解析

第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

A

You probably know who Marie Curie was,but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson.Of the outstanding ladies listed below,who do you think was the most important woman of the past100 years?

Jane Addams(1860-1935)

Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank.Addans helped the poor and worked for peace.She encouraged a sense of community(社区)by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need In1931,Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.

Rachel Carson(1907-1964)

If it weren’t for Rachel Carson,the environmental movement might not exist today.Her popular1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world’s lakes and oceans.

Sandra Day O’Connor(1930-present)

When Sandra Day O’Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School,in1952,she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman.She became an Arizona state senator(参议员) and,in1981,the first woman to join the U.S.Supreme Court.O’Connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her24years on the top court.

Rosa Parks(1913-2005)

On December1,1955,in Montgomery,Alabama,Rasa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a passenger.Her simple act landed Parks in prison.But it also set lff the Montgmery bus boycott.It lasted for more than a year,and kicked off the civil-rights movement.“The only tired I was,was tired lr giving in,”said Parks.

21.What is jane Addams noted for in history?

A.Her social work.

B.Her lack of proper training in law.

C.Her efforts to win a prize.

D.Her community background.

22.What is the reason for O’Connor’s being rejected by the law firm?

A.Her lack of proper training in law.

B.Her little work experience in court.

C.The discrimination against women.

D.The poor financial conditions.

23.Who made a great contribution to the civil-rights movement in the US?

A.Jane Addams.

B.Rachel Carson.

C.Sandra Day O’Connor.

24.What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text?

A.They are highly educated.

B.They are truly creative.

C.They are pioneers.

D.They are peace-lovers.

【答案】

21.A

22.C

23.D

24.C

23.D细节理解题。根据末段倒数第二句中and kicked off the civil-rights movement可知，Rosa Parks对民权运动做出了贡献。故选D。

24.C推理判断题。根据文章对这几个人物的介绍可知，这些女性都是在各自的领域为社会做出贡献的先驱。故选C。

考点：人物类短文阅读

B

Grandparents Answer a Call

As a third generation native of Brownsville,Texas,Mildred Garza never pleased move away,.Even when her daughter and son asked her to move to San Antonio to help their children,she politely refused.Only after a year of friendly discussion did Ms Gaf finally say yes.That was four years ago. Today all three generations regard the move to a success,giving them a closer relationship than they would have had in separate cities.

No statistics show the number of grandparents like Garza who are moving closer to the children and grandchildren.Yet there is evidence suggesting that the trend is growing.Even President Obama’s mother-in-law,Marian Robinson,has agreed to leave Chicago and into the White House to help care for her granddaughters.According to a study grandparents com.83percent of the people said Mrs.Robinson‘s decision will influence the grandparents in the American family.Two-thirds believe more families will follow the example of Obama’s family.

“in the1960s we were all a little wild and couldn’t get away from home far enough fsst enough to prove we could do it on our own,”says Christine Crosby,publisher of grate manazine for grandparents.We now realize how important family is and how important””to be near them, especially when you’re raining children.”

Moving is not for everyone.Almost every grandparent wants to be with his or her grandchildren and is willing to make sacrifices,but sometimes it is wiser to say no and visit frequently instead. Having your grandchildren far away is hard,especially knowing your adult child is struggling,but giving up the life you know may be harder.

25.Why was Garza’s move a success?

A．It strengthened her family ties.

B．It improved her living conditions.

C．It enabled her make more friends.

D．It helped her know more new places.

26.What was the reaction of the public to Mrs.Robinson’s decision?

A．17%expressed their support for it.

B．Few people responded sympathetically.

C．83%believed it had a bad influence.

D．The majority thought it was a trend.

27.What did Crosby say about people in the1960s?

A．They were unsure of raise more children.

B．They were eager to raise more children.

C．They wanted to live away from their parents.

D．They bad little respect for their grandparent.

28.What does the author suggest the grandparents do in the lasr paragraph?

A.Make decisions in the best interests'of their own

B.Ask their children to pay more visits to them

C.Sacrifice for their struggling children

D.Get to know themselves better

【答案】

25.A

26.D

27.C

28.A

26.D细节理解题。根据第二段末句Two thirds believe more families will follow the example of Obama’s family可知，很多人会受Marian Robinson的影响，所以这回形成一种潮流。故选D。

27.C细节理解题。根据第三段首句可知，在60年代人们都希望离开家，以此来证明自己的独

立。故选C。

28.A推理判断题。根据末段推知，作者建议人们要明智不要为了孩子而做出牺牲。故选A。考点：社会生活类短文阅读

C

I am peter Hodes,a volunteer stem courier.Since March2012,I've done89trips of those,51 have been abroad,I have42hours to carry stem cells（干细胞）in my little box because I've got two ice packs and that's how long they last,in all,from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor(捐献者)to the time they can be implanted in the patient,we’ve got72hours at most,So I am always conscious of time.

I had one trip last year where I was caught by a hurricane in America.I picked up the stem cells in Providence,Rhode Island,and was meant to fly to Washington then back to London.But when I arrived at the check-in desk at Providence,the lady on the desk said:”Well,I’m really sorry,I’ve got some bad news for you-there are no fights from Washington.”So I took my box and put it on the desk and I said:”In this box are some stem cells that are urgently needed for a patient-please,please, you’ve got to get me back to the United Kingdom.”She just dropped everything.She arranged for a

flight on a small plance to be held for me.re-routed(改道)me through Newark and got me back to the UK even earlier than originally scheduled.

For this courier job,you’re consciously aware than that box you’re got something that is potentially going to save somebody’s life.

29.Which of the following can replace the underlined word“courier”in Paragraph17

A provider

B delivery man

C collector

D medical doctor

30.Why does Peter have to complete his trip within42hours?

A.He cannot stay away from his job too long.

B.The donor can only wait for that long.

C.The operation needs that very much.

D.The ice won't last any longer.

31.Which flight did the woman put Peter on first?

A.To London

B.To Newark

C.To Providence

D.To Washington

【答案】

29.B

30.D

31.B

【解析】

试题分析：本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了作者在一次运送造血干细胞途中的一段经历，表现了人们之间的友爱。

29.B词义猜测题。根据本段内容I’ve done89trips和I have42hours to carry stem cells in my little box以及第二段内容可知作者是运送干细胞的人，也就是delivery man。故选B。

考点：故事类短文阅读

D

The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups.Silences may be thoughtful,or they may be e

mpty when a person has nothing to say.A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness,or worry.Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable;therefore attemp ts may be made to fill every gap(间隙)with conversation.Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for und erstanding a person's needs.

Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people,jus t as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do.Therefore,when a person from one of these cultur es is speaking and suddenly stops,what maybe implied(暗示)is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing.In these cultures,silence is a call for reflection.

Other cultures may use silence in other ways,particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power.For example,Russian,French, and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic udner discussion.However,Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her.In still another use,persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect,particularly to an elder or a person in authority.

Nurses and other care-geivers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be expericencing.Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patient’s silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily.A nurse who understands the healing(治愈)value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.

32.What does the author say about silence in conversations?

A.It implies anger.

B.It promotes friendship.

C.It is culture-specific.

D.It is content-based.

33.Which of the following people might regard silence as a call for careful thought?

A.The Chinese.

B.The French.

C.The Mexicans.

D.The Russians.

34.What does the author advise nurses to do about silence?

A.Let it continue as the patient pleases.

B.Break it while treating patients.

C.Evaluate its harm to patients.

D.Make use of its healing effects.

35.What may be the best title for the text?

A.Sound and Silence

B.What It Means to Be Silent

C.Silence to Native Americans

D.Speech Is Silver;Silence Is Gold

【答案】

32.C

33.A

34.D

35.B

33.A细节理解题。根据第二段中what may be implied is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing可知中国人认为谈话时人们沉默是在思考。

考点：社会生活类短文阅读

第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

Secret codes(密码)keep messages private。Banks,companies,and government agencies use secret codes in doing business,especially when information is sent by computer.

People have used secret codes for thousands of years.36Code breaking never lags(落后)far behind code making.The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.

There are three main types of cryptography.37For example,the first letters of“My elephant eats too many eels”Spell out the hidden message“Meet me.”

38You might represent each letter with a number,For example,Let’s number the letters of the alphabet,in order,from1to26.If we substitute a number for each letter,the message“Meet me”would read“13520135.”

A code uses symbols to replace words,phrases,or sentences.To read the message of a real code, you must have a code book.39For example,”bridge“might stand for“meet”and“out”might stand for“me.”The message“bridge out”would actually mean“Meet me.”40However,it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long.So codes must be changed frequently.

A.It is very hard to break a code without the code book.

B.In any language,some letters are used more than others.

C.Only people who know the keyword can read the message.

D.As long as there have been codes,people have tried to break them.

E.You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.

F.With a code book,you might write down words that would stand for other words.

G.Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.

【答案】

36.D

37.E

38.G

39.F

40.A

38.G根据后面的解释内容可以判断这是介绍密码设置的又一种方法，故判断G选项符合语境。

39.F根据后面的举例以及前句中的a code book可以判断该句是介绍密码书的使用，故判断F 选项可以起到承上启下的作用。

40.A根据空后内容的转折可知尽管利用密码书可以破译密码，但是一本密码书也不会使用很久的时间，故判断A选项符合语境。

考点：七选五阅读理解

第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45）

第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题 1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的

最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A Heroic Driver

Larry works with Transport Drivers.Inc.One morning https://www.sodocs.net/doc/f911389365.html,rry was__41__

along165north after delivering to one of his42.suddenly,he saw a car with its bright lights on.43he got closer,he found44vehicle upside down on the road.One more look and he noticed45shooting out from under https://www.sodocs.net/doc/f911389365.html,rry pulled over,set the brake and47the fire extinguisher(灭火器).Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out.

The man who had his bright lights on48and told Larry he had49an emergency call.They50heard a woman’s voice coming from the wrecked(毁坏的)vehicle. 51the vehicle,they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window.They told her to stay52until the emergency personnel arrived,53she thought the car was going

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/f911389365.html,rry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move55 she injured her neck.

Once fire and emergency people arrive,Larry and the other man56and let them go to work.Then,Larry asked the57if he was needed or58to go.They let him and the other man go.

One thing is59—Larry went above and beyond the call of duty by getting so close to the burning vehicle!His60most likely saved the woman’s life.

41.A.walking B.touring C．traveling D．rushing

42.A.passengers B.colleagues C.employers D.customers

43.A.Since B.Although C.As D.If

44.A.each B.another C.that D.his

45.A.flames B.smoke C.water D.steam

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/f911389365.html,ed B.disabled C.removed D.abandoned

47.A.got hold of B.prepared C.took charge of D.controlled

48.A.came down B.came through C.came in D.came over

49.A.returned B.received C.made D.confirmed

50.A.then B.again C.finally D.even

51.A.Starting B.Parking C.Passing D.Approaching

52.A.quiet B.still C.away D.calm

53.A.for B.so C.and D.but

54.A.explode B.slip away C.fall apart D.crash

55.A.as if B.unless C.in case D.after

56.A.stepped forward B.backed off C.moved on D.set out

57.A.woman B.police C.man D.driver

58.A.forbidden B.ready C.asked D.free

59.A.for certain B.for consideration C.reported D.checked

60.A.patience B.skills C.efforts D.promise

【答案】

41.C

42.D

43.C

44.B

45.A

46.B

47.A

48.D

49.C

50.A

51.D

52.B

53.D

54.A

55.C

56.B

57.B

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