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一种高频宽带水声换能器的研制

传感技术学报

CHINESE JOURNAL OF SENSORS AND ACTUATORS 第29卷第5期2016年5月Vol.29No.5

May 2016Research of a High Frequency Broadband Underwater Acoustic Transducer *

Wang Hongwei *

(Beijing Information Science and Technology University ,Beijing 100192,China )

Abstract :A kind of wide band ,high frequency piezoelectric composite circular array underwater acoustic transducer is developed.The wide Frequency band of the transducer is achieved by using the two methods of reducing the mechanical quality factor Qm val-ue and multi-mode coupling vibration of the piezoelectric material.Through the radial cutting of the piezoelectric ceramic ring and pouring the epoxy resin in the cutting gap ,The piezoelectric composite ring was https://www.sodocs.net/doc/fe5844853.html,ter ,Two piezoelectric composite ring with different wall thickness is axially stacked to form a sensing element ,leading out the wire of the electrode ,and the transducer is got.By using ANSYS software to simulate the structure ,the relationship of the resonant fre-quency and the bandwidth of the sensitive element with thickness of the piezoelectric ceramic ring ,the height and the average radius of the ceramic ring are obtained.Two piezoelectric composites ring ,which are obtained from the optimal parameters ,are axially stacked and fabricated to get the transducer.It is tested that the transducer has an obvious dual mode coupling vibration ,the resonant frequency of the transducer is 375kHz ,It ’s -3dB bandwidth is 90kHz ,the maximum transmission voltage is 148dB.The design target of high frequency ,broadband ,and horizon-tal omnidirectional transmitting acoustic wave is realized.Key words :underwater acoustic transducer ;broadband ;composite material ;ring.

EEACC :7230doi :10.3969/j.issn.1004-1699.2016.05.007

一种高频宽带水声换能器的研制*

王宏伟*

(北京信息科技大学,北京100192)

摘要:研制了一种宽带、高频压电复合材料圆环阵水声换能器。该换能器的宽带结果是通过采用降低压电材料机械品质因数Q m 值和多模耦合振动两种方法实现的。通过径向切割压电陶瓷圆环、灌注环氧树脂得到压电复合材料圆环,再将不同壁厚的压电复合材料圆环轴向叠堆而成敏感元件,对敏感元件进行模具封装,引出电极引线,得到换能器。利用ANSYS 软件对结构进行仿真,得到敏感元件谐振频率和带宽随压电陶瓷圆环厚度、高度和平均半径的变化规律,并根据仿真结果确定了换能器敏感元件的最优设计方案。将由最优参数得到的两个压电复合材料圆环轴向叠堆,制作了双圆环叠堆复合材料换能器。经测试,该换能器形成了明显的双模耦合振动,该换能器谐振频率为375kHz ,其-3dBd 工作带宽为90kHz ,最大发送电压响应达148dB 。实现了换能器的高频、宽带、水平全向发射声波的设计目标。

关键词:水声换能器;宽带;复合材料;圆环

中图分类号:TP393文献标识码:A

文章编号:1004-1699(2016)05-0665-05随着水声技术迅速发展,要求换能器发射/接收

更多的信息,即一个换能器需要覆盖更宽的工作频

段,因此换能器宽带技术的研究突显出越来越重要

的地位。制作中高频宽带发射换能器是众多声纳

系统对换能器的要求之一,然而对高频发射换能器

来说,将其制作成宽带换能器具有一定的难度。现

行拓宽换能器频带的方法主要有三种[1-5]:①通过复

合柔性材料,增大损耗,降低换能元件的机械品质因数(Q m )值,即复合材料;②多振动模态耦合;③添加匹配层。压电复合材料克服了单相压电材料的缺点,保留了压电相材料的强压电性,利用其制作的换能器具有较高效机电耦合系数。此外,压电复合材料还具有重量轻,声阻抗率低,易于与水的声阻抗相匹配等优势。多模耦合理论主要是利用两

————————————项目来源:国家自然科学基金项目(614710470);北京市自然科学基金重点项目(B 类)(KZ201411232037)

收稿日期:2015-12-14修改日期:2016-01-19

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