初中英语动词不定式的基本用法讲课教案

初中英语动词不定式的基本用法

动词不定式（the infinitive）的基本用法

动词不定式

1. “not/never to do / not do”.

2. 基本用法：不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语，没有人称和数的变化。

一、不定式的句法功能

1. 作主语

eg: I t’s very common to raise money in Canadian and American school.

不定式做主语时,常用代词it 来代替不定式结构, 这时 it 被称为形式主语,而作为句子真正主语的不定式则被后置，往往放v.和adj.之后。

e.g. To learn English well is not easy.

= It’s not easy to learn English well.

★不定式的逻辑主语有时用“of/for + 名词或代词宾格”构成, 即：

跟踪练习

1. It’s very nice of them ________ (send) me the flowers.

2. _________ (become) a teacher is my dream.

3. It’s very important to learn English well.(同义句转换)

________ ________ English well ______ very important.

4. It’s important _______ Chinese well.

A. to learn

B. learn

C. learning

D. learns

2. 作表语

eg：The best way to raise money is to sell newspapers.

表语是用来表示主语的身份、状态和特征等，可与系动词构成系表结构。

eg：Her wish is to study in Ji Yan Middle school.

My job is to clean the streets.

跟踪练习

1. My work is __________ (clean) the room every day.

2. His dream is _________ (be) a doctor.

3. 作宾语

eg：The driver offered to help the patient.

有些动词后只能用不定式作宾语，表示命令、打算或希望等。常见的此类动词有：agree, ask, choose, decide, want, would like, fail, help, hope, plan等。

跟踪练习

1.My friends want ________ (book) some tickets to the movie for us.

2. My parents decide _______ (give) me more money.

3. He plans ________ (go) to Beijing for a holiday.

4. The boy hopes ________ (pass) the English exam.

5. My little son is able _________ (read) some words.

6. I’ll try my best _________ (help) you.

7. She would like _________ (become) beautiful.

4. 作宾语补足语

eg：It allows people to get closer to them.

The world wide fund for nature chose the panda to be its symbol.

tell, ask, want, wish, teach, help, order, invite, get, allow, send, lead, encourage, advise, warn, bear, beg, cause, command, drive, elect, expect, forbid, force, hate, intend, leave(留下), like, mean, need, permit, persuade, prefer, remind, train, trouble等36个动词。即：

ask sb. to do sth. 让某人做某事； tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事；

invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事； help sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事；

want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事； allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事； ...

eg：My friend invites me to come to his home.

I asked Paul to carry the box.

其否定形式为：

tell sb. not to do sth. 告诉某人不要做某事; ask sb. not to do sth. 让某人不要做某事；

warn sb. not to do sth. 警告某人不要做某事； order sb. not to do sth. 命令某人不要做某事； eg：My teacher tells us not to make too much noise.

跟踪练习

1. Don’t ask Jim _____ (go) swimming with us, because his mother won’t allow him ____ (do) so.

2. Does you mother like you ________ a doctor?

A. being

B. to be

C. are

D. become

3. My teacher always tells me ________ (study) hard.

4. I don’t want you _________ (help) me.

5. She’d like me _________ (join) them.

6. I wish you ________ (have) a good time.

7. My best friends teach me _________ (swim).

8. Her boyfriend often invites her _________ (have) dinner.

9. My mother always gets my father _________ (do) housework.

10. I order you _________ (wash) your hands.

★在动词think, believe, know, find, understand, take等之后，作宾补的不定式多由“ to be ＋adj．”构成。

eg: They find the Chinese people to be happy and cheerful．

He believed the earth to be a globe．

★在某些短语后也可跟不定式作宾补。这类动词短语常见的有：wait for, call on, depend on, care for, long for等。

eg: The crocodile waited for the monkey to come down again．

The chairman called on Mr. Brown to speak．

I shouldn't care for that man to be my doctor．

★有些动词后接省去to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，即：动词不定式在使役动词（make，let， have）或感官动词（feel，listen to，hear， look at，see，watch，notice）之后

作宾补时不定式需省去to

eg：His words makes everyone laugh.

His mother let him not watch TV.

I felt someone open my door．

Please listen to me sing the song again．

to的不定式作宾补，也可跟现在分词作宾补。其区别是：前者强调动作的全过程或经常性；后者则强调动作在进行(片断)。试比较：

I heard her sing．我听见她唱了歌。◆ I heard her singing．我听见她在唱歌。

★个别动词，如: help既可以接带to的不定式，也可以接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。

eg：She helps me (to) do my homework.

跟踪练习

1. When they went into the park, they saw someone _______ Chinese Kongfu .

A. plays

B. played

C. to play

D. playing

2. Mr. Brown made his students _______ the new words again.

A. copying

B. copy

C. to copy

D. copied

3. Please let the students _________ down.

A. sitting

B. sat

C. sit

D. to sit

4. --- Is Wei Fang good at singing?

--- Yes, she is. We often hear her _____ in her room.

A. to sing

B. sing

C. sings

D. singing

5. A strange noise made me ________ (stop) my work.

5. 作状语

eg:We are sorry to hear that. (作原因状语)

Let’s stop to have a rest. (作目的状语)

She didn’t work hard enough to pass the exam. (作结果状语)

跟踪练习

1. She sells flowers _______ make money.

A. made

B. make

C. to make

D. to be made

2. The room is not big enough _________.

A. to live in

B. to be lived in

C. to live

D. for living

3. I’m sorry ______ you.

A. trouble

B. trouble with

C. to trouble

D. trouble about

4. He is too young _________ (go) to school.

6. 作定语

eg: I have a lot of homework to do.

动词不定式作定语时，通常要放在被修饰的词后，即后置，往往表示未发生的动作。跟踪练习

1. Do you have anything more _________ (要说)?

2. She has a lot of work _________ (做) every day .

3. The old man has a house _________ (住).

4. She is a nice person__________ (相处).

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初中不定式todo的用法

初中不定式todo的用法

1. 不定式的用法------1.1 不定式作主语 不定式作主语，往往用it作形式主语，真正的主语不定式放至句子的后面。 例如：It's so nice to hear your voice. 听到你的声音真高兴。 It's necessary for you to lock the car when you do not use it. 不用车的时候，锁车是有必要的。 It's very kind of you to help us. 他帮助我们，他真好。 It seemed selfish of him not to give them anything. 他不给他们任何东西，这显得太自私了。 但是，用不定式作主语的句子中还有一个不定式作表语时，不能用It is… to…的句型。另外，这样的句子，不能用动名词作表语。例如： （对）To teach is to learn. （错）It is to learn to teach. （错）To teach is learning. （错）Teaching is to learn. 典型例题 The chair looks rather hard, but in fact it is very comfortable to ___. A. sit B. sit on C. be seat D. be sat on 答案：B. 如果不定式为不及物动词，其后应有必要的介词。当动词与介词连用时，常位于"形容词+动词不定式"结构的末尾。 1.1.1 不定式做主语It's for sb/It's of sb to do sth 这样的句子中，由于表语形容词性质的不同，导致了不定式逻辑主语标志用for或of 的区别。 1）for sb.句型中的形容词一般为表示事物的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等：例如： It's very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。

动词不定式的教学设计

动词不定式的教学设计 课题名称：Grammar Revision:Infinitive 姓名：江国平工作单位：学科年级：八年级教材版本：一、教学内容分析 本课时是人教版《英语》第二册第7与第8单元的语法复习课，主要内容是关于动词不定式各个句法功能的介绍加之了大量的练习。 二、教学目标 一、知识目标： 1.Students are able to learn what the infinitive is. 2.Students can grasp the various forms of the different tense and the voice of the infinitive. 二、能力目标： 1.Students can use the infinitive rightly. 2.Students can tell the different syntax-function of the infinitive. 三、情感目标： 1.Students can learn to cooperate with others and finish task by themselves or in group. 2.Students can also compete with others and form good learning habits. 三、学习者特征分析 本节课的授课是初二学生，该班学生普遍活泼开朗，兴趣广泛，愿意展示自己。但是，学生的语言基础不好还比较低，口头表达能力不好。在设计中要充分利用好动、愿意涨势自我的优点，通过多种课堂组织形式来调动设计枯燥的语法课中，加入游戏，小组竞争等等让学生在这种紧张又快乐的环境中学会语言。 四、教学策略选择与设计 该节课是初二语法模块的教案，由于考试日期临近，复习时采用了边讲边练，连接中考考点让学生在上课过获得成就感，并且培养自信意识。 五、教学重点及难点 重点：Students can grasp the usage of the infinitive. 难点：Students can use the infinitive rightly in the exercises. 六、教学过程 教师活动预设学生活动

动词不定式用法及练习题-L105

动词不定式用法小结 动词不定式用法小结 动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，其结构为“to＋动词原形”，其中to不是介词，而是动词不定式的符号，称为小品词，动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。动词不定式和其后面的名词等构成不定式短语，在句子中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等。 一. 作主语例如： To be a doctor is hard. 做医生很难。 To learn English well is not easy.学好英语不容易。 动词不定式（短语）作主语时，为了避免句子的头重脚轻，可以用“it”作形式主语，而把真正的主语－－动词不定式（短语）放在句子的后部。例如上面的句子可以表示为： It is hard to be a doctor. It is not easy to learn English well. 再如： It’s important to plant trees in spring. 如果动词不定式的动作是谁做的，可以在动词不定式前面加一个由介词for引导的短语，称为不定式的复合结构。例： It’s g ood for us to read English aloud in the morning. 对我们来说每天早晨大声读英语是很有益的。 It is important for students to use English every day. 对学生来说每天使用英语是很重要的。 二. 作表语： 动词不定式（短语）作表语常用于系词be的后面。例： His work is to drive a car.他的工作是开车。 My job is to feed animals.我的工作是饲养动物。 Her ambition is to be a doctor.她的理想是当医生。 三. 作宾语 动词不定式（短语）可以放在一些动词后面用作宾语，能以动词不定式作宾语的动词有：begin,start,

动词不定式教案

动词不定式教案 教学目标 1.学会什么是动词不定式 2.会使用动词不定式 重难点 1.能正确的使用动词不定式的各种用法 教学步骤 Grammar: 动词不定式 Ⅰ. 不定式句法功能 1. 作主语：The cat said, “To take roller coaster” is terrible. 不定式短语作主语时，可以直接放在句首，但在很多情况下，尤其是在疑问句和感叹句中，往往放在谓语之后，而用先行代词it作形式主语。 → The cat said, “It’s terrible to take roller coaster.” How long did it take you to take roller coaster? How terrible it is to take roller coaster? 不定式作主语常见句型： a) It is + adj. (easy, important, difficult…) + 不定式 b) It is + n. (a pity, a pleasure, one’s duty, a shame) + 不定式 eg. It’s my dut y to teach you how to be a student of No.3 Middle School. c) It takes/needs/requires + some time (hours, months, days, patience…) + 不定式 eg. It requires patience to be a good teacher. 2. 作表语：当句子的主语是aim, idea, policy, question, suggestion, wish, task, duty, job, purpose等或者主语是what引导的名词性从句时，后面可以用不定式做表语，用以说明主 语所包含内容。 eg. Our most important task now is to make a plan. 注：作表语的不定式都带to，但当主语部分有实义动词do时，to可以省略。 eg. The only thing we can do now is wait and see. 3.作宾语 The cat said “Remember not to take it next time!”. a) 可以直接用不定式作宾语的动词很多，常见的有：agree, afford, tend, ask, decide, determine, expect, fail, hope, learn, intend, manage, offer, plan, promise, refuse, want, wish等 I don’t want _____ like I’m speaking ill of anybody, but the manager’s plan is unfair. A. to sound B. to be sounded C. sounding D. to have sounded 当不定式短语比宾补长时，往往将不定式放到宾补后，而用先行代词it作形式宾语，常用 动词有feel, think, find, believe, consider, make等。 The cat felt it terrible to take roller coaster. b) 不定式一般不作介词的宾语，只有少数介词如but, except等后面可以跟不定式作宾语。 一般情况下作介词宾语的不定式都带to，如果but或except所在句子里的谓语动词都是实 义动词do, does, did时，通常省略to。 Eg. We have no choice but to wait. Cf. We can do nothing but wait.

非谓语动词之动词不定式(todo)的用法

非谓语动词之动词不定式（to do）的用法 非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词，主要形式有：不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词和过去分词）。 “to do”动词不定式的变形 动词不定式的用法 充当主语（一般会用it 当形式主语） To swim here is dangerous. = It is dangerous to swim here. To pass this English exam is unlikely. = 充当表语（多数情况下，可以转换成动词不定式做主语） My job is to help with your English learning. To help with your English learning is my job. 充当宾语（只能做某些动词的宾语，一般不做介词的宾语；有时用“it”做形式宾语） I decided to attend this meeting last night. I find it necessary to learn a foreign language. 注意：当以下动词欲接动词作宾语时，只能跟不定式作宾语。 decide, determine, learn, wish, hope agree, plan, pretend, dare, refuse, fail prepare, try, manage, help, promise offer, beg, demand, afford, arrange, be supposed

充当宾语补足语 I persuaded him to make a speech in public. 注意：在感官动词／使役动词／help后（see, hear, watch, notice, make, have, let后不定式做宾补时，可省略“to”） I saw them have a disagreement on who should sweep the floor. （我看到了他们争论的整个过程） 但，感官动词后面也可接Ving形式，表示正在进行。 I saw them arguing about who should sweep the floor. （我看到他们正在争论谁该扫地，并不一定看到了整个过程） 充当状语（目的，原因，结果状语，其逻辑主语与句子主语一致） I wrote him a letter to further explain this matter. （目的状语） I’m sorry to bother you.（原因状语） He queued for hours at the box office only to find that the show was sold out. （结果状语，only + to find/realize/discover表示出乎意料的结果） 充当定语（不定式作定语，要放在所修饰的词的后面） I have a lot of dishes to wash. Do you have anything to say There are 3 questions to answer. 一些固定句型中不定式省略“to” had better would rather do… than do… why not do “except/but” 有“do” 无“to”，有”to”无“do” have nothing to do but do… do everything but/except have no choice but to want nothing but/except to 当两个或多个作用相同的不定式并列（and/or/than）时，通常只保留第一个不定式的“to”. He told me to stay there and wait for him. It’s easier to persuade people than force them. To try and fail is better than not to try at all. （否定式中“to”不能省略）

初中英语动词不定式用法梳理及练习题

初中英语动词不定式用法 动词不定式是由“不定式符号to+动词原形”构成的一种非谓语动词结构。有些动词不定式不带to，动词不定式可以作句子的主语、表语、宾语、定语、补语、状语或单独使用。不定式保留动词的某些特性，可以有自己的宾语、状语等。动词不定式和它后面的宾语、状语等一起构成短语，叫作不定式短语。 一、用作主语 直接把动词不定式置于句首的情况不多，多数情况用it作形式主语，把真正的主语——动词不定式置于句末，特别是不定式短语较长时。动词不定式作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。带疑问词的不定式短语作主语常置于句首，复合不定式结构作主语常置于句末。如： 1. I t is our duty to try our best to deal with these problems. ' head teacher said it was necessary to talk with his mother. to learn English well is important. see is to believe.(眼见为实；百闻不如一见) 二、用作表语 动词不定式作表语，常说明主语的内容、性质、特征。如： | best way is to join an English club. first thing is to listen to the teacher carefully. 三、用作宾语 1.可以接带to的动词不定式作宾语的动词主要有：要求选择同意(ask, choose, agree)，期望决定学习(expect, hope, decide, learn)，宁可假装知道(prefer, pretend, know)，希望想要愿意(wish, want, would like / love)。如： 1)We decided to talk to some students about why they go there. ~ 2)He prefers to eat white bread and rice. 3)Id love to visit Mexico. 2.动词decide, know, learn, show, teach, tell...，介词结构on...可用疑问词带to的不定式短语作宾语，但why后面的不定式不带to。如： 1)Could you please tell me where to park my car 2)It gives advice on what to do in lots of different situations. ： 3.动词feel, find, make, think等后面，可以用it作形式宾语代替真正的宾语——动词不定式，句子结构是...feel / find / make / ... it+adj. / n.+to do...。如： I find it difficult to remember everything. 4.既可接动词不定式又可接ving形式作宾语，意思差别不太大的动词有begin, start, like, love等。一般说来，动词不定式表一次、数次的具体动作、将来动作或动作的全过程，ving形式表习惯性的连续动作。但是这种区别并不很严格，特别是美国英语，即使是习惯性的动作也可以用动词不定式。如： 1) Then I started to watch Tv. 2) I am beginning to understand my parents. .

动词不定式教案教学提纲

动词不定式教案

1. Teacher says and shows some En ligh sentence and let stude nts to guess. 2. stude nts try to un dersta nd and guess. ① .Mrs Gao in vites us to guess who XXX is/are ② XXX sdream is to go to university ③ XXX wa nt to find a good job. ④ So XXX get up so early as to study. ⑤ XXX has/have many En glish papers to do. ⑥ But XXX don ' t hate Mrs Gao,because XXX know that it's XXX to spe nd all our time on studies. I. play. 2.Students answer and fill in the following table in group. 1. Teacher shows the syn tax-f un cti on of the infin itive (subject,object,predicative,compleme nt,attribute,adverbial) 2. Stude nts follow teacher to lear n the new kon wledge. 动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征。因此在句中可以做主语、表 语、宾语、宾语补足语、 定语和状语。 一、不定式做主语： I .Lead-in (guessi ng) n .Finding rules and fill in table. 川.Present a tion (the syn tax- function)and exercise s duty

(完整版)动词不定式的用法总结

动词不定式的用法总结 动词不定式在中学英语中应用非常广泛，一方面在句中可起名词、形容词或副词的作用，同时也可在句中作主语、宾语、定语、状语和宾语补足语。接下来为大家提供了以下：动词不定式的用法总结一 动词不定式的形式一般是to +动词原形，但to有时要省去。 而动词不定式在具体运用时用不用to，取决于谓语动词的用法。 现就以下几方面介绍如下。 一、不定式结构 1. 带to的不定式结构 能直接跟带to的不定式结构的动词主要有：want, ask, tell, hope, learn, try, decide, forget, remember, like, love, stop, go, come等。 如： I want to go to the movies with you. 我想跟你一起去看电影。 Don’t forget to turn off the light before you leave. 在你离开之前别忘了关灯。 注意：动词不定式的否定形式是在不定式前直接加not，即not to do sth.。

如： Dave told me not to wake up Kate. 大卫告诉我别叫醒凯特。 2. 不带to的不定式结构 以下几种情况使用不带to的动词不定式： (1)在固定词组had better之后。 注意：had better的否定形式是had better not do sth.。 如： You had better go home now. 你最好现在回家。 It’s cold outside. You’d better not go out. 外面很冷，你最好不要出去。 (2)在let, make, see, feel, watch, hear等感官或使役动词后，要跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。 如： I made them give me the money back. 我迫使他们把钱还给我。 I didn’t see you come in. 我没看见你进来。 (3)在引导疑问句的why not之后。 Why not+不带to的不定式是Why don’t you do的省