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人教版九年级英语单元重点分析

人教版九年级英语单元重点分析
人教版九年级英语单元重点分析

人教版九年级英语单元

重点分析

Document serial number【KK89K-LLS98YT-SS8CB-SSUT-SST108】

Unit1 How can we become good learners?

【重点短语】

1. have conversation with sb. 同某人谈话

2. too…to… 太……而不能

3. the secret to… ……的秘诀

4. be afraid of doing sth./ be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事

5. look up 查阅

6. repeat out loud 大声跟读

7. make mistakes in 在……方面犯错误

8. connect ……with… 把……和……连接/联系起来

9. get bored 感到厌烦

10. be stressed out 焦虑不安的

11. pay attention to 注意;关注

12. depend on 取决于;依靠

13. the ability to do sth.. 做某事的能力

【考点详解】

1. by + doing 通过……方式(by是介词,后面要跟动名词,也就是动词的ing 形式)

2. talk about 谈论,议论,讨论

The students often talk about movie after class. 学生们常常在课后讨论电影。

talk to sb= talk with sb 与某人说话

3. 提建议的句子:

①What/ how about +doing sth. 做…怎么样(about后面要用动词的ing形式,这一点考试考的比较多)

如:What/ How about going shopping?

②Why don't you + do sth. 你为什么不做…

如:Why don't you go shopping?

③Why not + do sth. 为什么不做…

如:Why not go shopping?

④Let's + do sth. 让我们做…...吧。

如: Let's go shopping

⑤Shall we/I + do sth. 我们/我...…好吗

如:Shall we/I go shopping?

4. a lot 许多,常用于句末。

如:I eat a lot. 我吃了许多。

5. too…to... 太…...而不能

常用的句型:too+形容词/副词+ to do sth.

如:I'm too tired to say anything. 我太累了,什么都不想说。

6. aloud, loud与loudly的用法,三个词都与“大声”或“响亮”有关。

①aloud是副词,通常放在动词之后。

②loud可作形容词或副词。用作副词时,常与speak, talk, laugh等动词连用,多用于比较级,须放在动词之后。

如:She told us to speak a little louder. 她让我们说大声一点。

③loudly是副词,与loud同义,有时两者可替换使用,可位于动词之前或之后。如:He does not talk loudly or laugh loudly in public. 他不当众大声谈笑。

7. not…at all 一点也不,根本不

如:I like milk very much, but I don't like coffee at all. 我非常喜欢牛奶,但是我一点也不喜欢咖啡。

not经常可以和助动词结合在一起,at all 则放在句尾。

8. be/get excited about sth. 对…...感到兴奋

9. ① end up doing sth 终止做某事,结束做某事

如:The party ended up singing. 晚会以唱歌而结束。

② end up with sth. 以…结束(注意介词with)

如: The party ended up with her singing. 晚会以她的歌唱而告终。

10. first of all 首先(这个短语可用在作文中,使得文章有层次)

11. also 也、而且(用于肯定句)常在句子的中间

either 也(用于否定句)常在句末

too 也(用于肯定句)常在句末(它们三个的区分要清楚,尤其要知道用在什么句子中以及各自的位置)

12. make mistakes 犯错

如:I often make mistakes. 我经常犯错。

make a mistake 犯一个错误

如:I have made a mistake. 我已经犯了一个错误。

13. laugh at sb. 笑话;取笑(某人)(常见短语)

如:Don't laugh at me! 不要取笑我!

14. take notes 做笔记,做记录

15. enjoy doing sth . 喜欢做…,乐意做…(这是一个非常重要的考点)

如:She enjoys playing football. 她喜欢踢足球。

enjoy oneself 过得愉快

如:He enjoyed himself. 他过得愉快。

16. native speaker 说本族语的人

17. make up 组成、构成

18. one of +(the+ 形容词最高级)+名词复数形式: …其中之一(这一题主要考两点,一是最高级,一是名词复数,大家做题的时候要小心)

如: She is one of the most popular teachers. 她是最受欢迎的教师之一。

19. It's +形容词+(for sb. ) to do sth (对于某人来说)做某事…

如:It's difficult (for me ) to study English. 对于我来说学习英语太难了。

句中的it 是形式主语,真正的主语是to study English。

20. practice doing 练习做某事(practice后面接动名词,这一点有可能考到)

如:She often practice speaking English. 她经常练习说英语。

21. decide to do sth. 决定做某事(重要考点,大家需要记住decide后面跟的是不定式,也就是to do)

如:LiLei has decided to go to BeiJing . 李雷已经决定去北京。

22. unless 如果不,除非,引导条件状语从句

如:You will fail unless you work hard. 假如你不努力你就会失败。

23. deal with 处理如:I dealt with a lot of problem.

24. worry about sb./ sth. 担心某人/某事

如:Mother worried about his son just now. 妈妈刚才担心他的儿子。

25. be angry with sb. 对某人生气

26. perhaps = maybe 也许

27. go by (时间)过去 . 如:Two years went by. 两年过去了。

28. see sb / sth doing 看见某人正在做某事(如果是看到正在做什么,要用动词ing形式,考的较多的也是动词ing形式)

如: She saw him drawing a picture in the classroom. 她看见他正在教室里画画。

29. each other 彼此

30. regard… as … ;把…...看作为...…

如:The boys regarded Anna as a fool. 这些男孩把安娜看成傻瓜。

31. too many 许多,修饰可数名词如:too many girls

too much 许多,修饰不可数名词如:too much milk(要区分too many 和 too much只要记住它们修饰什么词就可以了)

much too 太,修饰形容词如:much too beautiful(too much和much too意思不同,大家不要混淆它们的意思,这种单词容易出解析题)

32.change…into… 将…变为…

33. with the help of sb. = with one's help 在某人的帮助下(注意介词of和with,容易出题)

如:with the help of LiLei = with LiLei's help 在李雷的帮助下

34. compare…to… 把…比作...(另外,大家要注意另一个短语,compare...with...,这也是一个重要的短语,意思是:拿…和…比较)

35. instead 代替用在句末,副词

instead of sth/doing sth 代替,而不是(这个地方考的较多的就是instead of doing sth,也是就说如果of后面跟动词,要用动名词形式,也就是动词的ing形式)

如:I will go instead of you. 我将代替你去。

Unit2 I think that moon cakes are delicious!

【短语归纳】

1. the Lantern Festival 元宵节

2. the Dragon Boat Festival 端午节

3. the Water Festival 泼水节

4. be fun to watch 看着很有意思

5. eat five meals a day 一天吃五餐

6. put on five pounds 体重增加了五磅

7. in two weeks 两星期之后

8. be similar to... 与.......相似

17. end up最终成为;最后处于

18. share sth. with sb. 与……分享……

19. as a result 结果

20. dress up 乔装打扮

21. haunted house 鬼屋

22. call out 大声呼喊

23. remind sb. of 使某人想起

24. sound like 听起来像

25. treat sb. with. 用/以……对待某人

26. the beginning of new life 新生命的开始

【考点详解】

1. What + a(n) + 形容词 + 可数名词的单数形式+主语+谓语+其他)!多么……的……!

2. How + 形容词/副词(+主语+谓语+其他)!……多么……!

3. be going to 将要/打算……

4. in + 时间段在……后

5. give sb. sth.=give sth. to sb. 给某人某物;把某物给某人

6. plan to do sth. 计划做某事

7. refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事

8. one of + 名词复数形式……之一

【重点语法】

一. 宾语从句

宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。三大考点:引导词、时态和语序。其中,语序必须是陈述句语序。

1. 常由下面的一些词引导:

①由that 引导,表示陈述意义,that可省略

He says (that) he is at home. 他说他在家里。

②由if , whether引导,表示一般疑问意义(带有是否、已否、对否等)

I don’t know if / whether Wei Hua likes fish. 我不知道韦华是否喜欢鱼。

③由连接代词、连接副词(疑问词) 引导,表示特殊疑问意义

Do you know what he wants to buy 你知道他想要买什么吗

2. 从句时态要与主句一致

当主句是一般现在时,从句根据情况使用任何时态

当主句是一般过去时,从句应使用过去某时态(一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时,过去完成时)

He said (that) he was at home. 他说他在家里。

I didn’t know that she was singing now. 我不知道她正在唱歌。

She wanted to know if I had finished m homework.她想要知道我是否已经完成了我的作业。

Did you know when he would be back 你知道他将会什么时候回来

二. 感叹句

感叹句是表达喜、怒、哀、乐以及惊奇、惊讶等强烈感情的句子。

感叹句通常由 what 或 how 引导。现分述如下:

1. 由 what 引导的感叹句,其句子结构可分为以下三种:

①可用句型:“ What + a/an +形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语+ 其他!”。如:

What a nice present it is! 它是一件多么好的礼物啊!

②可用句型:“ What +形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语+ 其他!”。如:What beautiful flowers they are! 多么漂亮的花啊!

③可用句型:“ What +形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语+ 其他!”。如:What fine weather it is today! 今天天气多好啊!

2. 由 how 引导的感叹句,其句子结构也分为三种:

①可用句型:“ How +形容词 / 副词+主语+谓语+ 其他!”。如:

How careful she is! 她多么细心啊!

How fast he runs! 他跑得多快啊!

②可用句型:“ How +形容词+ a/an +可数名词单数+主语+谓语!”。如:How beautiful a girl she is! 她是个多么漂亮的姑娘啊!

③可用句型:“ How+主语+谓语!”。如:

How time flies! 光阴似箭!

3.由 what 引导的感叹句与由 how 引导的感叹句有时可以转换,但句中部分单词的顺序要有所变化。如:

How beautiful a girl she is! = What a beautiful girl she is!

What delicious cakes these are! = How delicious these cakes are!

Unit3 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?

【重要短语】

1. used to do sth. 过去常常做某事

2. be afraid of 害怕

3. from time to time 时常;有时

4. turn red 变红

5. take up 开始做,从事,占据(时间、空间)

6. deal with 对付;应付

7. not…any more 不再

8. tons of attention 很多关注

9. worry about 担心

10. be careful 当心

11. hang out 闲逛

12. give up 放弃

13. thank about 考虑

14. a very small number of… 极少数的……

15. be alone 独处

16. give a speech 做演讲

【考点详解】

1. ①问路常用的句子:

Do you know where is …

Can you tell me how can I get to …

Could you tell me how to get to …

②Can/Could/Will/Would you please tell me sth.

表示十分客气地询问事情

③Could you tell me how to get to the park 请你告诉我怎么才能去邮局好吗上面句子中的how to get to the park是疑问词与动词不定式连用,用作宾语,但不是宾语从句(这一点要搞清楚,它不是宾语从句),相当于how I can get to the park(宾语从句)

I don't know how to solve the problem=I don't know how I can solve the problem. 我不知道如何解决这个问题

Can you tell me when to leave =Can you tell me when I will leave 你能告诉我什么时候离开

2. 日常交际用语:

take the elevator / escalator to the … floor 乘电梯/自动扶梯到…楼turn left / right == take a left / right 向左/ 右转

go straight 向前直走(straight这个词经常考)

3. next to 旁边、紧接着(常见短语)

Lily is next to Ann. 莉莉就在安的旁边。

4. between…and… 在…和…之间

Lily is between Ann and Tom. 莉莉就在安和汤姆的之间。

5. Is that a good place to hang out 那是不是一个闲荡的好地方

上面句子中的to hang out修饰前面的名词place,是不定式作定语。

6. expensive 贵的反义词:inexpensive 不贵的

7. crowded 拥挤的反义词:uncrowded 不拥挤的

8. take a vacation == go on a vacation 去度假

9. dress up 打扮 dress up as 打扮成

He wanted to dress up as Father Christmas. 他想要打扮成圣诞老人。

10. on the beach 在海滩上,介词用 on

11. depend on 根据、依靠、依赖、取决于

Living things depend on the sunlight. 生物对阳光有依赖性。

That depends on how you did it. 那取决于你怎样做这件事。

12. prefer 动词,更喜欢、宁愿,常用的结构有:

prefer sth. 更喜欢某事

I prefer English. 我更喜欢英语。

prefer doing/to do 宁愿做某事

I prefer sitting/ to sit.我宁愿坐着。

prefer sth to sth. 同…相比更喜欢…

I prefer dogs to cats. 与猫相比我更喜欢狗。

prefer doing sth to doing sth 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事

I prefer walking to sitting. 我宁愿走路也不愿坐着。

prefer to do sth rather than do sth 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事

I prefer to work rather than be free. 我宁愿工作而不愿闲着。

(我再次强调一下,prefer的用法真的很重要,这不是开玩笑~)

13. on the other hand 另一方面(一方面:on one hand. 对于这样的短语大家完全可以放在作文中,这样可以使文章增色不少)

14. 把…借给某人:lend sb. sth. = lend sth to sb.(反义词:

borrow..from..)

Lily lent me her book = Lily lent her book to me . 莉莉把她的书借给了我。

15. I'm sorry to do sth. 对做某事我觉得很抱歉、伤心。

16. in a way 在某种程度说

17. in order to do srh 为了…,表目的。

He got up early in order to catch the first bus. 他起早床,是为了赶上头班公共汽车。

18. 同级比较:as…as...

as + 形容词/副词原级 + as , 表示“和…一样的…”

He works as hard as we. 他工作和我们同样努力。

【重点语法】宾语从句(见Unit2重点语法部分)

Unit4 I used to be afraid of the dark.

【重点短语】

1. be more interested in 对…更感兴趣

2. on the swim team 游泳队的队员

3. be terrified of 害怕

4. gym class 体操课

5. worry about 担心

6. all the time 一直,总是

7. chat with 与…闲聊

8. hardly ever 几乎从不

9. walk to school =go to school on foot 步行去上学

take the bus to school =go to school by bus

乘车去上学

10. as well as 不仅…而且...

【考点详解】

1. used to do sth. 过去常常做某事 (这个知识点考的很多,大家要注意这个短语的意思,还要记着used后面用的是不定式to do)

如:He used to play football after school.

放学后他过去常常踢足球。

2. play the piano 弹钢琴(play后面如果跟西洋乐器,大家记住,中间要加the,如果是中国乐器,不加the,如:play erhu)

3. ①be interested in sth. 对…感兴趣

②be interested in doing sth. 对做…感兴趣(对于这两个用法大家一定要掌握,切记切记)

如:He is interested in math, but he isn't interested in speaking English. 他对数学感兴趣,但是他对说英语不感兴趣。

4. interested adj. 感兴趣的,指人对某事物感兴趣,往往主语是人interesting adj.有趣的,指某事物/某人具有趣味,主语往往是物(对于interested和interesting要区分清楚,一个主语往往是人,一个主语往往是物)

5. be terrified of sth. 害怕…… 如:I am terrified of the dog.

be terrified of doing sth. 害怕做…… 如:I am terrified of speaking.

6. spend 动词,表示“花费金钱、时间”(spend和pay for它们的主语都是人,这一点大家要清楚)

①spend…on sth.

在某事上花费(金钱、时间)(重要考点)

②spend…(in)doing sth. 花费(金钱、时间)去做某事(重要考点,尤其要注意动名词,也就是动词的ing形式)

如:He spends too much time on clothes. 他花费太多的时间在衣着上。

He spend 3 months (in) building the bridge. 他花费了三个月去建这座桥。

7. take : 动词 ,有“花费时间”的意思,常用的结构有:

It takes sb to do sth.做某事花费某人多长时间(在这个用法中,主语经常是it,这一点要清楚,大家仔细看一下下面的例子)。

如:It takes me a day to read the book.

8. chat with sb. 与某人闲聊

如:I like to chat with him. 我喜欢和他聊天。

9. worry about sb./sth. 担心某人/某事 , worry 是动词

be worried about sb./sth. 担心某人/某事 , worried 是形容词

如:Don't worry about him. 不用担心他。

Mother is worried about her son. 妈妈担心他的儿子。

10. all the time 一直,始终

11. take sb. to + 地方送/带某人去某个地方

如:A person took him to the hospital. 一个人把他送到了医院。

12. hardly adv. 几乎不、没有。 hardly 修饰动词时,通常放在助动词、情态动词之后,实义动词之前,

如:I can hardly understand them. 我几乎不能够明白他们。

I hardly have time to do it. 我几乎没有时间去做了。

13. in the last few years. 在过去的几年内,常与完成时连用如:

I have lived in China in the last few years. 在过去的几年内我在中国住。

14. be different from 与...…不同(常见考点,考的最多的是它的意思,大家只需要记住它的意思,做题的时候具体问题再具体分析即可)

15.不定式与疑问词连用:动词不定式可以和what, which, how, where, when 等引导的疑问句连用,构成不定式短语。

如:The question is when to start. 问题是什么时候开始。

I don't know where to go. 我不知道去哪。

16. make sb./sth. + 形容词 make you happy

make sb./sth. + 动词原形 make him laugh

17. move to +地方搬到某地如:I moved to Beijing last year.

18. it seems that +从句看起来好像…… (重要考点)

如:It seems that he has changed a lot. 看起来他好像变了许多。

19. help sb. with sth. 在某方面帮助某人(注意介词with,在某方面帮助要用这个介词)

help sb(to)do sth. 帮某人做某事(to经常省略)

She helped me with English. 她帮助我学英语。

She helped me(to)study English. 她帮助我学习英语。

20. fifteen-year-old 作形容词 ,15岁的(有一点要提醒大家,中间的year用的是单数)如:a fifteen-year-old boy 一个15岁的男孩

fifteen years old 指年龄,15岁。

21. can't afford to do sth. 支付不起……

can't afford sth. 支付不起…

如:I can't afford to buy the car.=I can't afford the car. 我买不起这个辆小车。

22. as + 形容词/副词+ as sb+could/can 尽某人所能

如:Zhou run as fast as her could/can. 她尽她最快的能力去跑。

23. get into trouble with 遇到麻烦

24. in the end 最后

25. make a decision :下决定,下决心

26. to one's surprise :令某人惊讶(往往出现在完型中,让我们填surprise)

如:to their surprise 令他们惊讶

to LiLei's surprise 令李雷惊讶

27. take pride in sth. 以…而自豪

如:His father always take pride in him. 他的爸爸总是以他而自豪

28. pay attention to sth. 对…注意,留心

如:You must pay attention to your friend. 你应该多注意你的朋友。

29. be able to do sth. 能够,有能力做某事

如:She is able to do it. 她能够做到。

30. give up doing sth. 放弃做某事(注意up后面用的是动词的ing形式)如:My father has given up smoking. 我爸爸已经放弃吸烟了。

31. 不再①no more =no longer

如:I play tennis no more.我不再打网球。

②not …any more = not …any longer 如:

I don't play tennis any longer. 我不再打网球。

【重点语法】

反意疑问句

反义疑问句遵循这样一个原则,前肯定后否定,前否定后肯定。

1. 肯定陈述句+否定提问如:Lily is a student, isn't she

2. 否定陈述句+肯定提问如:She doesn't come from China, does she

3. 提问部分用代词而不用名词如:Lily is a student, isn't she

4. 陈述句中含有否定意义的词如:little, few, never, nothing, hardly等,其反意疑问句用肯定式(对于第四点大家不要忽视,尤其是列举的这几个词,出题的时候经常遇到,对于下面的两个例子大家要仔细看一下,要把这个知识点彻底搞懂)。

如:He knows little English, does he 他一点也不懂英语,不是吗

They hardly understood it, did they 他们几乎不明白,不是吗

5. 反意疑问句的陈述部分含有由un-, im-, in-, dis-, 等否定意义的前缀构成

的词语时,陈述部分要视为肯定含义,问句部分用否定形式。如:Your father is unhappy, isn't he?

The man is dishonest, isn't he?

It is impossible to learn English without remembering more words, isn't it?

Unit5 What are the shirts made of?

【重点短语】

1. be made of 由……制造

2. be made in 在……制造

3. environmental protection 环境保护

4. be famous for 以……而着名

5. be produced in 在……生产

6. be known for 以……闻名

7. as far as I know 据我所知

8. pick by hand 手工采摘

9. send for 发送

10. avoid doing sth 避免做某事

11. everyday things 日用品

【考点详解】

1. made of 由……制(构)成,后接构成某物质的原料。

例:This skirt is made of silk.这件裙子是用丝绸制成的。

be made of/from/up of的区别

(1)be made of 表示制成成品后,仍可看出原材料是什么,保留原材料的质和形状,制作过程仅发生物理变化。

例:The kite is made of paper.风筝是用纸做的。

(2)be made from 表示制成的东西完全失去了原材料的外形或特征,或原材料在制作过程中发生化学变化,在成品中已无法辨认。

例:The paper is made from wood.纸是木头做的。

Butter is made from milk. 黄油是从牛奶中提炼出来的。

(3)be made up of 用……构成或组成的,指人、物皆可,指结构成分。

例:Our class is made up of six groups. 我们班是由六个小组组成的。

2. It seems that many people all over the world drink Chinese tea.

好像全世界的许多人都在喝中国茶。

句型“It seems that…”意为“看起来好像/似乎……”,其中seem是连系动词,意为“似乎;好像”,句型中的it是形式主语,不能用其他代词来替代。例:It seems that he was late for the train. 看来他没赶上火车。

seem的几种常见结构:

(1)seem to do sth此句型可与“It seems that…”转换。

例:They seem to find the way to the cinema. =It seems that they find the way to the cinema.

他们似乎找到了去电影院的路了。

(2)seem+形容词

例:My temperature seems (to be) all right. 我的体温看上去正常了。

(3)seem+名词

例: That seems not a bad idea. 看上去主意不错。

3. When the leaves are ready, they are picked by hand and then are sent for processing in factory.

当茶叶成熟时,就被用手工采摘然后送到工厂加工。

此句是由when 引导的时间状语从句,are picked, are sent都是一般现在时的被动结构。

例:When the fruit are ready, they are picked and are sent to the market for sale.

当这些水果成熟后就被摘下来并送到市场上卖掉。

4. No matter what you may buy, you might think those products were made in those countries.

无论你买什么,你都可能认为那些产品是在那些国家生产的。

此句为由"no matter +特殊疑问词"引导让步状语从句。意为“无论….”,相当

于whatever。

例:No matter what I said to her, she still didn’t believe me.

无论我对她说什么,她仍然不相信我。

5. find out, 查出,找到。

例:The police are trying to find out where the boy got off the train.

警察正在查找这个男孩是从哪下的火车。

find,find out和look for都含有“寻找、找到”的意思,但其含义和用法却不同。

① find意为“找到、发现”,通常指找到或发现具体的东西,强调的是找的结果。

Will you find mea pen 你替我找支钢笔好吗

② look for意为“寻找”,是有目的地找,强调“寻找”这一动作。

例:I’m looking for my pen everywhere. 我正到处找我的钢笔。

He is looking for his shoes. 他在找他的鞋子。

③ find out意为“找出、发现、查明”,多指通过调查、寻问、打听、研究之后“搞清楚、弄明白”,通常含有“经过困难曲折”的含义,指找出较难找到的、无形的、抽象的东西。

例:Please find out when the train leaves. 请查一下火车什么时候离站。Read this passage,and find out the answer to this question.

【重点语法】

一般现在时的被动语态

一. 概念理解

1. 时态:在英语语言中,时态主要讨论行为动词发生的时间。

如:He often helps me with my English. 他经常帮助我学英语。(help这个动作经常发生often;故用一般现在时)

2. 语态:在英语语言中,语态主要讨论句子主语与行为动词的关系。语态有两种:主动语态和被动语态。

①主语是动作的发出者(执行者)为主动语态。

如: The tall boy often hits his classmates (主语boy是谓语动词hit的发出者)。

②主语是动作的接受者(承受者)为被动语态。汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动,而英语用:助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成

如: Chinese is spoken by the most people in the world(主语Chinese是谓语动词speak的承受者)。

3. 语态与时态的关系:在任何一个英语句子中都同时存在语态和时态,他们是分析一个英语句子的两个主要元素。

如:① He is looking after his sister at home. (此句为现在进行时的主动语态结构)

② He is being looked after well by his parents. (此句为现在进行时的被动语态结构)

二. 被动语态最基本的句型结构: be +及物动词过去分词

说明:① be 有时态,人称和数的变化。

②被动语态中的谓语动词必须是及物动词;因为被动句中的主语是动作的承受者,某些短语动词如look after, think of, take care of, work out, laugh at等,也可用于被动语态。

三. 被动语态的使用

1. 当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时,常用被动语态,这时往往不用by 短语。

Mr. White, the cup with mixture was broken after class. (只是告诉老师杯子坏了,不知是谁弄坏的,或不想说出谁弄坏的)。

2. 突出或强调动作的承受者,如果需要说出动作的执行者,用by 短语。

如:The cup was broken by Paul.

四. 主动语态变被动语态的变法:主动语态与被动语态之间如何转换

1. 把主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语。

2. 把主动语态的谓语变成被动语态的be + 过去分词,时态要与原句保持一致。

3. 把主动语态的主语变为介词by的宾语,放在被动语态里谓语动词之后,by 短语可以省略。如果原句主语是地点名词,在被动语态中用in + 地点名词作状语。

五. 一般现在时的被动语态:am /is/ are +done

如:Tea is grown in Hangzhou. 杭州种植茶叶。

Unit6 When was it invented?

【重点短语】

1. by accident 偶然地;意外地

2. without doubt 毫无疑问的;的确

3. by mistake 错误地

4. look up to 钦佩;仰慕

5. take place 发生;出现

6. all of a sudden 突然;猛地

7. div ide…into… 把……分成......

8. the Olympics 奥林匹克运动会

9. the style of ……的样式

10. be used for 被用于……

【考点详解】

1. invent v. 发明

inventor n. 发明家

invention n. 发明

2. be used for doing 用来做…(是被动语态)(这个短语的考点有两点,一是used for的意思,二是for后面用动名词)

Pens are used for writing. 笔是用来写的。

3. 给某人某样东西 give sth. to sb.

I gave a pen to him. 我给他一支笔。

give sb. sth.

I gave him a pen. 我给他一支笔。

4. all day 整天

5. salty adj. 咸的 salt n. 盐

6. by mistake 错误地(犯错:make mistake,这些常见的短语大家务必要掌握)

I took the umbrella by mistake. 我不小心拿错了雨伞。

8. by accident 意外,偶然(常见短语,考的最多的是它的意思)

I met her by accident at bus stop. 我在公共汽车站意外地见到了她。

9. not…until… 直到…才…(重中之重,这个用法非常重要!)

I didn't go to bed until I finished my work. 我直到完成我的工作才去睡觉。

10. according to +名词,根据…

according to this article 根据这篇文章

11. over an open fire 野饮

12. leaf n. 叶子复数形式 leaves

13. nearby adj. 附近的

14. fall into 落入,掉进

The leaf fell into the river. 叶子落入了河里。

fall down 摔倒

She fell down from her bike. 她从她自行车摔倒了。

15. quite 非常 adv. 与冠词a连用时,冠词a必须放在它的后面

quite a beautiful girl 一个漂亮的女孩

17. pleased adj. 表示外部因素引起人发自内心的欣慰和愉快

pleasant adj. 愉快,高兴。指天气、时间、旅行令人高兴愉快

please v. 使高兴

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