高一英语北师大版必修一习题单元质量检测(一) Word版含答案

单元质量检测(一)

(时间：100分钟满分：120分本卷共4页)

Ⅰ.阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

A

A long time ago, I was returning from my friend's house. My father parked the car in front of our house. We were opening the gate when suddenly we noticed two puppies run onto our lawn.

They were differently colored — one was brown as a cup of coffee with its tail and ear hair dipped in black while the other puppy was a biscuit color with the tip of its tail dipped in white and its forehead had a white spot. And that's why we named them Coffee and Biscuit. Coffee is female and Biscuit is male. In other words they both are twins by a minute. Well, since then they have been with us.

Now here comes the shocking part. Coffee has been with us only for one year and 11 months. Guess why? Coffee will soon be littering. At this time it is known that dogs have a sense of temper and start biting people that come near them. And so with a lot of arguing I let my parents take Coffee to a farmer's far away. They tried to assure me that Coffee would have a great time. But Biscuit and I couldn't stand the pain of losing a friend and a sister.

After a month, the night before Christmas I made my Christmas wish: I wished that Coffee would come back to me on Santa's sleigh (雪橇). The next morning, I woke up to hear the singing of birds. I jumped out of bed and ran towards the Christmas tree. There were almost 100 presents. We started to open our gifts. In the end there was just one remaining. It was wrapped in a green gift paper and tied with a red ribbon. I opened it up and guessed who jumped out. It was my lost Coffee. She looked absolutely beautiful. My parents explained that she had been scratching the front door last night!

1．The story mainly tells ________．

A．a lovely and little pet was recovered

B．the author gave up his pet

C．the pet can bring a whole world of happiness

D．people should protect dogs

2．The features of the dogs are that ________．

A．Coffee's ear is brown

B．Biscuit likes to eat biscuits terribly

C．Coffee has a black tail

D．Biscuit's forehead has a white spot

3．The author had got Coffee lost ________.

A．because it often fought with Biscuit

B．because his parents disliked a dog at home

C．because it began attacking people

D．because it get lost when going out

4．What can we infer from the passage?

A．Coffee will be thrown away after Christmas.

B．His parents will never give Coffee away again.

C．The author is always worried about Coffee.

D．His parents hardly bought presents for the author.

B

“Children who eat three or more hamburgers a week are more likely to suffer from asthma (哮喘)，” researchers say. However, they say that the risk may not be caused by the meat-rich diet itself, but by a lack of fresh fruit and vegetables.

The study looked into 50，000 children from 20 countries. Parents were asked about their children's eating habits and whether they had ever suffered from asthma. The effects of their diet seemed to be different depending on where they lived. Fruit and vegetables are more helpful in less affluent parts of the world, while eating lots of fish was more helpful in richer countries. Eating at least three hamburgers a week was linked to a greater risk of asthma, but only in wealthier countries.

Dr Gabriele Nagel said different things may cause asthma in different parts of the world. “This gives us more understanding of how asthma affects different people, and its effects in developing as well as developed countries，” she said.

High levels of unhealthy fat in hamburgers could increase the risk of asthma. However, the researchers said children who ate several hamburgers a week were likely to have other unhealthy lifestyle habits as well.

Researchers said the study helped us understand how asthma and diet are connected.“Previous studies have shown that a diet-rich in fruit and vegetables can help to reduce a child's risk of developing asthma symptoms，” Dr Elaine Vickers said.“Our advice to parents is to make sure that children have a healthy diet and also get plenty of exercise.”

5．What can we learn about the study from the passage?

A．Fat in hamburgers doesn't increase the risk of asthma.

B．Children who like hamburgers don't like exercise.

C．Eating three hamburgers a month could cause asthma.

D．The parents of fifty thousand children were interviewed.

6．What did Dr Elaine Vickers advise parents to do?

A．To help children have healthy lifestyle.

B．To keep children away from hamburgers.

C．To have dinner with children at home.

D．To make sure children take exercise as much as possible.

7．The passage is mainly about ________．

A．asthma affects people in wealthy places

B．hamburgers raise a child's risk of asthma

C．parents can influence children's health

D．more and more children become fatter

C

The Key to Your Health

A car needs gas to run and your body also needs food to work for you. Eating the right kind of food is very important. It can help your body grow strong to take care of what you eat.

There are four main food groups altogether. The dairy group has food like milk, cheese and sour milk. The other three groups are the meat and fish group, the fruit and vegetable group, and the bread and rice group. Each meal should have at least one food from all four main groups. With all these food together, you will be given enough energy during the day.

It is easy to get into bad eating habits. You may eat your breakfast in a hurry to get to school on time. Or you may not have time for a good lunch. It may seem easy to finish your supper with fish and chips all the time. But you will find yourself tired

in these days and you can not think quickly.

Watching what you eat will help your body remain healthy and strong. It is also good to take some exercise. It will help you eat more if you take a walk or play games in the open air. Having a good eating habit with some exercise is the key to your health.

8．Which of the following diets do you think is the best one?

A．Milk, bread, cabbages and beef.

B．Eggs, tomatoes and chicken.

C．Corn, fish, cream and pork.

D．Rice, beancurd, apples, fish and chicken.

9．Which of the following is a good eating habit?

A．Eating fish and chips for supper all the time.

B．Finishing your lunch in a very short time.

C．Going to school without any breakfast.

D．Having at least one food from all four groups in each meal.

10．In this passage the writer mainly tells us that ________．

A．every person needs food to grow well

B．taking exercise can keep your body strong

C．the right kind of food with exercise will keep you healthy

D．enough energy helps people think more quickly

11．The underlined word “dairy” in the second paragraph means “________”．A．a farm where cows are kept

B．the food made out of cows such as milk and butter

C．the shop that sells milk and butter

D．a place where milk products are made

D

Do you know what StreetSense is? It's a newspaper in Washington D．C. about homeless people and problems that affect them. Homeless, or formerly homeless, Washingtonians write many of the articles. The newspaper's business model is based on homeless sellers who sell the newspaper. You can hear them call out “StreetSense for sale！” near s ubway entrances, lunch places and other areas around the city.

The StreetSense newspaper is housed in an office in a Christian church in Washington. Every other Wednesday about fourteen thousand copies are printed. The newspaper expresses the thoughts and experiences of people who call the streets home.

Four staff members work at StreetSense, and two of them are paid. The staff members write the first two pages of the paper. Interns — students working as part of their studies —and volunteers help. Homeless writers provide the rest of the material. This includes poems, stories and essays.

StreetSense provides training for the homeless people who want to become part of the sales team. After the training, each student is given ten free copies of StreetSense. Once those are sold, trainees become real salespeople. They buy papers for thirty-five cents each and sell them for a dollar.

Lisa Gillespie is the managing editor of StreetSense. She says the newspaper plays a part in homeless people's lives that other media cannot. With the help of the newspaper, a lot of homeless people have become confident again, and their lives have also been improved a lot.

12．What does the writer mainly tell us in Paragraph 1?

A．Something about the StreetSense.

B．Homeless people in Washington D．C.

C．How StreetSense solves homeless people's problems.

D．StreetSense is very interesting.

13．How often is StreetSense printed?

A．Once a week. B．Twice a week.

C．Every two weeks. D．Once a month.

14．What do the staff members mainly do at StreetSense?

A．They sell newspapers along the street.

B．They write the first two pages of the material.

C．They edit the newspaper after they receive articles.

D．They provide the last two pages of the material.

15．What can we infer from this passage?

A．If you are one of the trainees of StreetSens e, you can get ten dollars from selling all of your newspapers.

B．There are too many homeless people in Washington D．C. for the government to help.

C．Most articles of StreetSense are about Washingtonians' lives.

D．If you become real salespeople of StreetSense, you can get thirty-five cents from a copy of the newspaper.

Ⅱ.任务型阅读(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Getting your children to study can be a little like getting them to eat their vegetables.16.________ Make a study time and have it at the same time every day. This will help your kids to learn to schedule their day and will give them a sense of control over how they spend their time.

Allow them to study in blocks of time, such as for half an hour with a five-minute break in the middle. 17.________ Ideal (理想的) study times are after dinner or right after school before dinner.

Never allow your children to study in front of the television, as that will encourage passive activity. 18.________

You'll also need to help your kids find the right place to study. After you've set up a good study time for little learners, set up a good place where they can get those creative juices flowing.

19．________ Make sure there is a table or a desk and a comfortable chair.

20．________ This includes helping them out with their homework sometimes and being there for them with the answers to any questions. The input you give your children during study periods will help form a bond and help make studying enjoyable.

A．Pick a place where your children can study properly.

B．Hold them to the schedule they create for themselves.

C．Finally, spend time with your kids when they're studying.

D．Keep the atmosphere light and offer lots of encouragement, too.

E．Instead, use TV as a treat or a reward when the homework is completed.

F．Try to stop this bad habit by offering some sort of reward.

G．One of the best ways to form good study habits for your kids is to design a schedule that they keep to.

Ⅲ.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Wilma Rudolph was born into a very poor family in Tennessee. When she was four years old, she had a serious disease that left her with a __21__ left leg. She had to wear a leg brace (支架). Yet she was __22__ to have a mother who encouraged her.

Her mother told her that all she needed to do was to have confidence and __23__. So at the age of nine, she __24__ the leg brace, and took the step which the doctors

said she __25__ would never take. Then she decided to be the world's greatest woman __26__．

At age 13, she entered a race. She came in last. She entered every race in high school, __27__ in every race she came in last. Everyone advised her to __28__！ However, then there came a day when she __29__ a race.

Wilma went to Tennessee State University, where she __30__ a coach named Ed Temple. Coach Temple saw the __31__ spirit of the girl and trained her to the Olympic Games.

There she met the __32__ woman runner of the day, a German girl named Jutta Heine. Nobody had ever __33__ Jutta. But in the 100-metre race, Wilma won. She beat Jutta __34__ in the 200-metre.

Finally came the 400-metre relay (接力赛). It would be Wilma __35__ Jutta once again.The first two runners on Wilma's team made __36__ pass. But when the third runner __37__ the baton (接力棒) to Wilma, she was so __38__that she dropped it, and Wilma saw Jutta running forward. It was __39__ to catch up with her. But Wilma just __40__ that!

21．https://www.sodocs.net/doc/0119404832.html,elessB．fat

C．long D．cruel

22．A.certain B．lucky

C．happy D．safe

23．A.purpose B．choice

C．chance D．courage

24．A.put on B．put up

C．took off D．took back

25．A.especially B．finally

C．mainly D．normally

26．A.writer B．runner

C．doctor D．fighter

27．A.and B．for

C．but D．or

28．A.study B．try

C．stop D．train

29．A.had B．entered

C．lost D．won

30．A.helped B．met

C．liked D．joined

31．A.strong B．low

C．high D．calm

32．A.youngest B．prettiest

C．greatest D．cleverest

33．A.followed B．passed

C．criticized D．beaten

34．A.once B．again

C．ever D．soon

35．A.against B．upon

C．over D．around

36．A.active B．close

C．perfect D．slow

37．A.handed B．picked

C．caught D．held

38．A.angry B．careful

C．worried D．excited

39．A.natural B．impossible

C．important D．necessary

40．A.realized B．acted

C．did D．finished

Ⅳ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Steve: Hi, Sue. 41.________ is me.

Sue: Well, hello. Where have you been all day, Steve? Mr. Smith asked me this morning where you 42.________(be), but he didn't seem to be looking 43.________ you or anything.

Steve: 44.________ did you say?

Sue: I told him that I didn't know. He seemed very busy, as 45.________ (manage) always are. Are you OK?

Steve: I'm sorry I 46.________ (call) you this morning. I've had a cold 47.________ Saturday. I haven't eaten much these days, and it has made me feel 48.________ (real) weak. But I'll probably be there tomorrow.

Sue: All right. We'll go on 49.________ business trip next week. And don't worry. You should go to see a doctor, Steve.

Steve: Thanks, but I'm getting 50.________ (well) now.

Sue: Take care, then. Bye.

Steve: Bye-bye, Sue.

Ⅴ.短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(\划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

I couldn't believe my ears when I heard my name calling. I was chosen to play the leading role in the play, that was my dream. As a shy and thin girl, I was used to be quite afraid of speaking in the public. But my parents and teachers always encourage me to do so. Now I have changed great. In class, I am often the first one to stand up and answer questions even if I may take some mistakes. No pains, no gains. Now I am always brave enough overcome the difficulty in my heart and have changed in a lively girl. So my experience shows that we should not be afraid of losing face and only in this way can we make progresses.

Ⅵ.书面表达(满分25分)

假如你是李华，得知你校的校报在高一新生中招聘英语小记者的消息，于是你写了一篇应聘信，用英语介绍自己，要点如下：

1．现年16岁，高一(1)班，任班长；

2．爱好英语阅读，订阅了各种英文报纸；

3．能与外宾自由交谈，曾在初中举办的英语口语比赛中获一等奖；

4．自己能胜任这项工作，如能录用，一定努力工作。

要求：词数100左右 (文章开头与结尾已给出，不计入总词数)。

参考词汇：订阅subscribe ; 英语口语比赛Oral English Competition

Dear Editor，

Recently I have learnt that you need little reporters from the new students in Grade 1. I'd like to be one of them. Now I'd like to introduce myself to you.

Yours sincerely,

Li Hua

答案：

Ⅰ.语篇解读：圣诞节的礼物多种多样，如果你在众多的礼物中发现其中一件竟然是前一天晚上你许愿得到的礼物，你认为会是一个奇迹吗？1.解析：主旨大意题。这篇文章叙述了作者父母把一只顽皮的小狗送给了他人，而这只小狗竟然在圣诞节的前夜跑回来，并被父母当礼物送给作者的故事。即这只小狗失而复得，故选A项。

答案：A

2．解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的第一句可知Coffee的毛皮是棕色的，但尾巴和耳朵的毛有黑色，而Biscuit是饼干的颜色，但尾巴梢上有白色，前额有白色斑点。故D项正确。

答案：D

3．解析：细节理解题。依据文章第三段中的“At this time it is known that dogs have a sense of temper and start biting people that come near them.”可知，这么大的狗开始有脾气了，开始咬走近它们的人。故选C项。

答案：C

4．解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段可知，父母看到小狗挠门时便把它作为礼物送给了作者，看到作者因小狗失而复得而那么高兴，父母一定会把小狗留下来，故选项B正确。

答案：B

语篇解读：每周吃三次或三次以上汉堡的孩子更容易得哮喘，让孩子保持健康的饮食和适量的运动可以很好地预防儿童哮喘的发生。5.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段前两句可知调查了20个国家的五万个孩子，他们的父母被问及他们的饮食习惯及他们是否患过哮喘，由此可知D 项正确。

答案：D

6．解析：细节理解题。根据本文最后一句“Our advice to parents is to make sure that

children have a healthy diet and also get plenty of exercise”可知，Elaine Vickers 建议家长们给孩子提供一个健康的饮食习惯并保证他们有足够的锻炼。D项并不是运动越多越好，故排除。

答案：A

7．解析：主旨大意题。这篇文章主要介绍了每周吃三次或三次以上的汉堡有引起孩子得哮喘的风险。故B项正确。

答案：B

语篇解读：人就像汽车一样需要食物做燃料来补充能量。正确的饮食对身体的健康非常关键。食物一共分为四种：奶类食品、肉类、水果蔬菜类和面包谷物类。人们的饮食要这四样合理搭配，才能吃出健康。

8．解析：细节理解题。从文中第二段“Each meal should have at least one food from all four main groups.”这句话可以看出，只有奶类、鱼肉类、蔬菜水果类和米面类四种合理搭配才算是最佳饮食。

答案：A

9．解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“Each meal should have at least one food from all four main groups.”可知好的饮食习惯应该至少每顿饭菜中包括其中四类食物中的一种，选D。

答案：D

10．解析：主旨大意题。在文中主要介绍了健康饮食和锻炼对身体的重要性，故选C。

答案：C

11．解析：词义猜测题。从food后面的定语“like milk, cheese and s our milk”可知这类是指奶制品，选B。

答案：B

语篇解读：文章讲述了一家特别的报社——StreetSense。StreetSense是华盛顿特区的一种报纸，它关注的是街上无家可归人员和他们遇到的麻烦。这个报纸的销售模式是把流浪者培训成他们的销售人员，相当于给流浪者提供了工作。

12．解析：推理判断题。根据“It's a newspaper in Washington D．C. about homeless people and problems that affect them ...The newspaper's business model is based on homeless sellers”可知，第一段主要向读者介绍什么是StreetSense，它的运作模式等信息，故选A。

答案：A

13．解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“Every other Wednesday about fourteen thousand copies are printed.”可知，每隔一个周三，也就是每两周的时间出版一期，every other“每隔……”，故选C。

答案：C

14．解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“The staff members write the first two pages of the paper.”可知，这家报纸的员工负责写报纸的前两页内容，故选B。

答案：B

15．解析：推理判断题。根据第四段“After the training, each student is given ten free copies of Street Sense. Once those are sold, trainees become real salespeople. They buy papers for thirty-five cents each and sell the m for a dollar.”可知，经过培训的学生会免费得到十份报纸，全部卖出才能成为销售人员，报社按每份35美分的价格卖给销售者，他们再以一美元一份卖给读者，由此可知，一份报纸卖一美元，故选A。

答案：A

Ⅱ.16～20 GBEAC

Ⅲ.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Wilma小时候由于疾病落下了腿部残疾，但是在母亲的不断鼓励下，她最终参加了奥运会，并取得成功。21.解析：从上文Wilma得了严重的疾病以及下文她需要使用腿支架可知，此处是指疾病给她留下了一条“没有用的”左腿。此处用useless 符合逻辑。

答案：A

22．解析：从下文可知，Wilma的母亲不断鼓励女儿，因此有这样的母亲，她很“幸运(lucky)”。

答案：B

23．解析：此处是指母亲鼓励她要有信心和“勇气”。courage“勇气”。

答案：D

24．解析：从下文Wilma成为一名赛跑运动员可知，此处是指她“脱下”了左腿的支架。take off“脱下”，符合语境。put on“穿上”；put up“举起”；take back“拿回”。

答案：C

25．解析：Wilma脱下支架，走出了第一步；而医生说过，在“通常”情况下，她绝不可能走出这一步。normally“通常地，平常地”。

答案：D

26．解析：从下文可知，Wilma想成为世界上最伟大的女性“赛跑运动员(runner)”。

答案：B

27．解析：Wilma参加了高中的每一场赛跑，都获得了倒数第一。前后为并列关系，故用and。

答案：A

28．解析：所有人都建议Wilma“停下来(stop)”，不要再参加比赛了。

答案：C

29．解析：此处是指有一天，她终于“赢(won)”了一场比赛。

答案：D

30．解析：Wilma在大学里“遇到了(met)”一位叫Ed Temple的教练。

答案：B

31．解析：从上文可以看出，Wilma的意志非常“坚强(strong)”。

答案：A

32．解析：从文章对Jutta Heine的介绍可以看出，她是当时“最伟大的(greatest)”女赛跑运动员。

答案：C

33．解析：根据语境可知，Jutta是最伟大的运动员。因此没有人“战胜”过她。

答案：D

34．解析：Wilma在100米赛跑中击败了Jutta, 在200米赛跑中“再一次”击败了她。again“又，再一次”。

答案：B

35．解析：下文讲了4×100米接力赛的情况，这一次又是Wilma“对决”Jutta。此处against 意为“和……比赛”。

答案：A

36．解析：根据转折词but 后面的第三棒运动员掉了接力棒可判断，此处指Wilma的队友在前两棒的传递中做得很“完美(perfect)”。

答案：C

37．解析：此处指当第三棒的队员把接力棒“传递”给Wilma的时候。hand“传递，交给”。

答案：A

38．解析：从后面她掉了接力棒可知，当时她的心情太“兴奋”了。excited“激动的，兴奋的”。

答案：D

39．解析：Wilma看到Jutta跑到了前面；就当时的情况而言，要追上她是“不可能的(impossible)”。

答案：B

40．解析：前面说Wilma要追上Jutta是不可能的，再根据此处的but可推知，Wilma追上了Jutta, 即她“做到了(did)”。

答案：C

Ⅳ.41.It 42.were 43.for 44.What

45．managers 46.didn't call 47.since

48．really 49.a 50.better

Ⅴ.第一句：calling→called

第二句：that→which

第三句：去掉was和the

第四句：encourage→encouraged

第五句：great→greatly

第六句：take→make

第八句：overcome前加to；第二个in改为into

第九句：progresses→progress

Ⅵ.参考范文：

Dear Editor，

Recently I have learnt that you need little reporters from the new students in Grade 1. I'd like to be one of them. Now I'd like to introduce myself to you.

My name is Li Hua. I'm sixteen years old. I'm monitor of Class 1, Grade 1.

English is my favorite subject. It has been six years since I began to learn it.

I enjoy reading English articles, and have subscribed all kinds of English newspapers, which I devote all my spare time to reading. What's more, I can talk with foreign friends in English freely. I'm very proud to tell you that I once won the first prize in the Oral English Competition held in my junior middle school. This encourages me to make more progress in English. I'm sure I will be fit for the job.

Do you believe in me? Anyhow, I'll do my best if I'm lucky enough to join you.

Yours sincerely, Li Hua

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