九年级英语总复习资料
九年级英语总复习资料
一、被动语态：
1.总述：英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
1)主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
巧记为：主动、主动、主语去动。
例如：Many people speak English.
谓语speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。
2)被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
巧记为：被动、被动、主语被动。
例如：English is spoken by many people.
主语English是动词speak的承受者。
2.被动语态的构成
被动语态由“助动词be＋动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以teach为例说明被动语态的各种时态的构成。
①一般现在时之被动语态的动词形态：
am／is／are＋taught 现在被教
②一般过去时之被动语态的动词形态：
was／were＋taught 过去被教
③一般将来时之被动语态的动词形态：
will／shall be＋taught 将来被教
歌诀：被动语态be动词，体现时态是关键；过去分
词跟后面，被动语态才完全。
3.被动语态的用法
(1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。
例如：Some computers were stolen last night.
昨晚，一些电脑被盗了。(不知道是谁偷的)
The window was broken yesterday.
昨天，窗户被打破了。(不知道是谁打破的)
This book was published in 1981.
这本书出版于1981年。（没必要说出执行者）
(2)强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。
例如：This book was written by him.
这本书是他写的。
Eight hours a day for sleep must be guaranteed.
应用歌诀：谁做动作不知道，说出谁做没必要；
动作受者要强调，被动语态运用到。
4.主动语态变被动语态的方法：
(1)主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语，是代词时，
改宾格为主格。
*(2)把谓语变成被动结构(be＋过去分词)
(根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来
主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。
(3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，是
代词时，改主格为宾格。
例如：All the people laughed at him.
=He was laughed at by all the people.
They make the bikes in the factory.
=The bikes are made by them in the factory.
歌诀：宾变主语主变宾，by宾短语随后跟。关键谓
语动词动，be和“过分”来使用。
5.含有情态动词的被动语态
含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词
＋be＋过去分词”构成。
歌诀：情态动词变被动，要牢记住三部分，情态加
be加“过分”。
例如：We can repair this watch in two days.
= This watch can be repaired by us in two days.
You ought to take it away.
=It ought to be taken away by you.
They should do it at once.
= It should be done by them at once.
二、动名词
简述：形式为V-ing，是具有动词性质的名词。
如：I like swimming.
与不定式一样，除了不用作谓语动词，可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语等。
1、动名词的用法
1)作主语：Swimming is good exercise.
2)作宾语：He enjoys fishing.
3)作表语：Teaching is learning. （教学相长。）
注意：当动名词作主语和表语时，一般是可以和动词不定式互换的。
Swimming is good exercise.=To swim is good exercise. Teaching is learning. =To teach is to learn.
要强调的是当动名词和动词不定式用作主语时，谓语动词只能用单数形式。
如：Reading books widens our eyes.
（阅读开阔了我们的眼界。）
To tell a lie is wrong.（说谎是错误的。）
2、区分“动名词”和“现在分词”He likes walking.（动名词）
My habit is walking after dinner.（动名词）
He is walking.（现在分词）
*原则：当碰到Be+V-ing结构时，能换位的为动名词，
不能的为现在分词。
如：Walking after dinner is my habit.的表达也是对的。
而上句则不能表达，所以是现在分词。
3、学习中应当注意的几个问题
①初中常见的只能接动名词为宾语的动词。
avoid(避免) mind(介意) finish(完成) miss(错过)
consider(考虑) enjoy(享受)
如：I must avoid doing such a thing.
I finished reading the book.
We are considering taking a trip to Europe.
②虽然是同一动词，但后接的动名词与不定式的意思
有很大差别的动词有五个stop,regret,try,forget and
remember。
口诀：动名表前不定后，停止后悔图记忆。
stop（停止）后跟动名词，表示“停止做某事”；跟to+
动词原形，表示“停止正在做的事，而去做别的事”。
如：Stop smoking, please. 请不要吸烟。
We are tired. Let's stop to have a rest.
我们累了，让我们停下来休息一下。
forget（忘记）后面跟动名词，表示“忘记做过某事（以
前做过）”；跟to+动词原形，表示“忘记去做某事（以
后要去）”。
如：I forget doing homework this morning.
我忘记今天早上做过作业了。
I forget to do homework this morning.
我忘记今天早上做作业了。
remember（记住）后跟动名词，表示“记得以前做过
某事”；跟to+动词原形，表示“记得以后要去做某事”。
如：I remember posting the letter today.
我记得今天把信寄走了。
Please remember to post the letter today.
请记住今天要把信寄走。
③同一动词后的不定式和动名词可以互换的动词。
like/love （喜欢、爱）hate/dislike （恨、不喜欢）
begin/start （开始）continue （继续）
如：It began raining/to rain.
He likes studying/to study with us.
We continued looking/to look for the missing boy.
①而like还常用于would like to do something句型，表示“某人想要、愿意干某事”。
如：I would like to have some chips. 我想要吃些薯条。
②begin如果本身是进行时态，其后面只能接不定式。如：It's beginning to rain. （T）
It's beginning raining. （F）
三、现在分词和过去分词
简述：英语中的分词分两种：现在分词和过去分词。
⒈现在分词表示动作是主动的和正在进行的。
The boiling water is hot.
（开水很烫。）[正在烧的水]
She has a smiling face.（她有一张微笑的面孔。）过去分词的动作是被动的和完成的（例④-⑥）：You can use the boiled water to make tea.
（你能用开水来泡茶。）[沸过了的水，在瓶中]
Where is my lost key?（我丢失了的钥匙在哪里？）⒉在语义上，现在分词有“令人……”的含义；过去分词则有“感到……”的意思：
This is an interesting movie.
I’m interested in this movie.⒊在作宾语补足语时，如果宾语与有关分词有“发出动
作”的关系，就用现在分词。
如：Don't keep the visitor waiting.
(别让客人一直在等。）
如果宾语和有关分词有“承受”关系，那么这个分
词就要是过去分词了。
如：Where did you get your book printed?
（你去哪里打印你的书？）
四、宾语从句：由疑问词引导的宾语从句。
引导宾语从句的疑问词分为两类：
疑问代词(what、whom、who、whose、which)
疑问副词(when、where、why、how)。
语序：无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句,宾语从句一律用
陈述语序, 即“引导词+主语+谓语+其他”。
如：1.Could you tell me where Wei Fang lives ？
2.Please tell me what your name is .
时态 1. 如果主句是一般现在时或一般将来时, 宾语从
句的时态可根据实际表达的需要来确定。
如：1). Jenny knows the man a kite at that
time.（fly）
2). I know that he computers well. 我
知道他电脑玩得很熟。
2. 如果主句是一般过去时, 宾语从句用过去时态的某
种形式。
如：1). Jenny knew the man a kite at that
time.（fly）
2). I knew that he computers well. 我知
道他电脑玩得很熟。
3. 若宾语从句叙述的是客观事实、自然现象或科学真
理等，从句不受主句时态的限制，用一般现在时。如：
1).He said time money.(be)
2).He told the girl that leaves green in autumn.(turn)
3). When he was still a boy, he knew that the earth
around the sun. (move)
五、（问路和指路）
1. 问路时应首先说一声：“Excuse me.”（打扰了）
2.问完路后，千万不要忘记向对方说句“Thank you for
helping me.”或“Thank you.”
3.问路时经常用到“向左(右)拐”这样的表达，英语对
此有两种说法，即turn left (right)或turn to the left
(right)。表示“在左(右)边”，英语用介词on或at均可。基本句型：
1. Excuse me, can you tell me where the railway station is? 打扰一下，请问火车站在哪儿?
2. Excuse me, but can you tell me the way to the train station? 劳驾，请问去火车站怎么走?
3. Excuse me, could you tell me which is the way to the nearest hospital? 劳驾，请问去最近的医院怎么走?
4. Excuse me, would you please show me the way to the post office? 请告诉我去邮局怎么走好吗?
5. Excuse me, would you mind telling me the way to the police station? 劳驾，请告诉我去警察局怎么走好吗？
6. Excuse me, how can I get to No. 1 Middle School?
劳驾，请问去一中怎么走?
7. Excuse me, is this the right way to the People’s Park? 打扰了，请问去人民公园走这条路对吗?
8. Excuse me. Could you tell me if there is a Yutan Middle School near here?
打扰了，请问玉潭中学是否在这附近？
9. Excuse me. Do you know how I can get to Yutan Middle School? = Excuse me. Do you know how to get to Yutan Middle
School? 请问，你知道怎样去玉潭中学吗?
指路的方式
1. Go along this street, and …is on you left.
2. Go down this way, and turn left at the first crossing,
and you’ll find …is right there, on your left.
3. …is behind (near, next to, on the left of) …
4. You can just take No. 111 bus, and get off at the
second station. And you’ll see it.
六、.情态动词must, may , might, could, may , can’t表示
推测含义与用法后面都接动词原形，都可以表示对现
在情况的揣测和推断但他们含义有所不同
must 一定肯定(100%的可能性)
may, might, could可能，也许(20%－80%的可能性)
can’t 不可能，不会(可能性几乎为零)
The dictionary must be mine. It has my name on it.
The CD might/could/may belong to Tony because
He likes listening to pop music.
The hair band can’t be Bob’s. After all, he is boy!
七、定语从句：在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫定
语从句。定语从句通常位于被修饰词之后，被修饰的词
称作先行词。
e.g. 1). I like music that I can dance to.
是先行词, 是关系代词。
2). He is the man who I met yesterday.
是先行词, 是关系代词。
句型构成规则：先行词(人) +关系代词who/that +从句；
或先行词(物) +关系代词that/which +从句
把主句和从句连接起来who / that在定语从句中做
主语时，谓语动词的单复数应与先行词保持一致。
下面的例句是由which, that和who引导的定语从句。
请仔细观察，补全结论部分所缺内容。
1. China is a country which / that has a long history.
2. This is the book (which / that) my mother bought me
yesterday.
3. The man who / that is standing by the door is her
brother.
4. I like the boy (who / whom / that) I met at the party.
【结论】
1. 观察例句可知which引导的定语从句修饰的是
____(人/物)。who引导的定语从句修饰的是____(人/物)。
2. 由例句1和3可知，which和who在定语从句中可
以作___语；例句2和4可以看出，which和who在
定语从句中还可以作___语。在从句中作宾语的关系词
(可以/不可以)省略。
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九年级英语词组学习资料
九年级英语词组
Unit 1 How do you study for a test ? 1 not at all =not in the slightest 根本不 2 end up 结束 3 make mistakes in sth 在某方面出错 4 later on 随后 5 be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事 be afraid of sth/sb 害怕…… 6 laugh at sb 嘲笑某人 7 take notes=write down the notes 做笔记 8 make up 组成 9 deal with=do with 处理 10 be angry with 对……感到生气 11 go by （时间）过去、消逝 Time goes by. 时间流逝 12 try one’s best to do sth 尽力做谋事 13 break off 突然终止 14 make/use flashcards 制作使用抽认卡 15 make a vocabulary list 制作词汇表 16 read/speak aloud=read loudly 大声说play the CD too loud 把CD放开大声sweep the floor clean 把地板扫干净 17 practice the pronunciation 练习发音
18 get the pronunciation right =pronounce right 发音准确 19 specific advice/suggestions 详细而精确的建议 20 memorize/recite the words/text 背书 21 read the textbook 读课本 22 English grammars 英语语法 23 feel differently 觉的不同 24 frustrate sb = make sb frustrated 使某人沮丧find sth frustrating 发现某事沮丧 25 speak quickly/fast 说得很快 26 get/be excited 激动 look excited 看起来很激动 look at sb sadly 伤心地朝某人看 an exciting match/game 一场刺激的比赛 27 spoken/oral English 英语口语 28 full comma 句号 29 regard sth as a challenge 把某事视为挑战 30 impress sb 感动某人 be impressed 被深深感动 be impressed deeply by sb 被某人深深感动 31 have trouble/difficulty(in)doing sth做某事有困难 32 look up the words in a dictionary用字典查阅单词