Book 2 Unit 3 Computers
教材词汇要记牢(1－8册已学词汇) Ⅰ.阅读单词——我会认
1．laptop n．手提电脑2．analytical adj.分析的
3．sum n．总数；算术题；金额4．artificial adj.人造的；假的5．designer n．设计师
6．chip n．碎片；芯片7．network n．网络；网状物8．web n．网
9．Mars n．火星
10．supporting adj.支持的；支撑的11．programmer n．程序员；程序师12．teammate n．同伴；伙伴13．mop n．拖把v t.用拖把拖；擦14．naughty adj.顽皮的；淘气的15．niece n．侄女；甥女16．spoil v t.损坏；宠坏
Ⅱ.重点单词——我会写1．revolution n．革命
2．tube n．管；管子；电子管3．mobile adj.可移动的；机动的4．rocket n．火箭
5．explore v t.& v i.探索；探测；探究
6．anyhow ad v.(也作anyway)无论如何；即使如此
7．goal n．目标；目的；球门；(进球)得分
8．happiness n．幸福；快乐
9．download v t.下载
10．virus n．病毒
11．signal v i.& v t.发信号n．信号
12．type n．类型v t.& v i.打字
13．coach n．教练
14．arise v i.(arose，arisen)出现；发生
15．electronic adj.电子的
16．character n．性格；特点
Ⅲ.拓展单词——我会变
1.universal adj.普遍的；通用的；宇宙的→universe n．宇宙→universally ad v.普遍地；一致地2．simplify v t.简化→simple adj.简单的→simply ad v.简直；只；不过
3．operator n．(电脑)操作员；接线员→operate v．操作；做手术→operation n．操作；手术4．logical adj.合逻辑的；合情理的→logically ad v.逻辑上；合逻辑地；有条理地5．technology n．工艺；科技；技术→technological adj.科技的
6．intelligence n．智力；聪明；智能→intelligent adj.智能的；聪明的
7．solve v t.解决；解答→solution n．解决办法
8．reality n．真实；事实；现实→real adj.真实的
9．personal adj.私人的；个人的；亲自的→personally ad v.就个人而言；亲自→personality n．个性；人格
10．total adj.总的；整个的n．总数；合计→totally ad v.完全地；整个地
11．application n．应用；用途；申请→apply v．运用；涉及；申请→applicant n．申请人；求职者
12．finance n．金融；财经→financial adj.金融的；财经的→financially ad v.经济上；财政上；金融上
13．appearance n．外观；外貌；出现→appear v．出现；到场
14．calculate v t.计算→calculator n．计算器
Ⅳ.核心短语
1．have...in common有……共同之处
2．from...on从……时起
3．as a result结果
4．by oneself独立地
5．in a way在某种程度上
6．make up编制，编造；组成；和好
7．after all毕竟；终究
8．with the help of 在……的帮助下
9．deal with处理；安排；对付
10．watch over看守；监视
增加词汇来助力(9－10册未学词汇)
1．reference/'ref?r?ns/n.参考
2．precise/pr I'sa I s/adj.精确的，准确的
3．simplify/'s I mpl I fa I/v t.单一化，简单化
4．portable/'p??t?bl/adj.轻便的；手提的；便携的
5．shortcoming/'???t?k?m I?/n.缺点；短处
6．update/?p'de I t/v t.更新
7．tendency/'tend?ns I/n.趋向，倾向
8．reliable/r I'la I?bl/adj.可靠的，可信赖的
9．swoop/swu?p/v i.突降；猛扑
10．parcel/'pɑ?sl/n.小包；包裹
经典句式需悟通
1．I developed very slowly and it took nearly two hundred years before I was built as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage.
我发育缓慢，差不多到了两百年之后，查尔斯·巴比奇才把我制成了一台分析机。
2．By the 1940s I had grown as large as a room，and I wondered if I would grow any larger.
到20世纪40年代，我已经和一间房子一样大，我想知道我是否还会变得更大。
3．As time went by，I was made smaller.
随着时间的推移，我被造得小点了。
4．And my memory became so large that even I couldn’t believe it!
我的存储量变得如此之大，连我自己都不能相信！
5．By the time I was sixteen，my dream had come true.
到我16岁的时候，我的梦想成真了。
(限时：15分钟满分：100分)
Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共5分)
1．sum n．总数；算术题；金额
2．artificial adj.人造的；假的
3．chip n．碎片；芯片
4．network n．网络；网状物
5．mop n．拖把v t.用拖把拖；擦
Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题2分，共14分)
6．revolution n．革命
7．explore v t.& v i.探索；探测；探究
8．anyhow/anyway ad v.无论如何；即使如此
9．download v t.下载
10．signal v i.& v t.发信号n．信号
11．type n．类型v t.& v i.打字
12．arise v i.出现；发生
Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题2分，共16分)
13.universal adj.普遍的；通用的；宇宙的→universe n．宇宙→universally ad v.普遍地；一致地14．simplify v t.简化→simple adj.简单的→simply ad v.简直；只；不过
15．logical adj.合逻辑的；合情理的→logically ad v.逻辑上；合逻辑地；有条理地16．technology n．工艺；科技；技术→technological adj.科技的
17．intelligence n．智力；聪明；智能→intelligent adj.智能的；聪明的
18．solve v t.解决；解答→solution n．解决办法
19．personal adj.私人的；个人的；亲自的→personally ad v.就个人而言；亲自→personality n．个性；人格
20．application n．应用；用途；申请→apply v．运用；涉及；申请→applicant n．申请人；求职者
Ⅳ.增加词汇(每小题1分，共5分)
21．reference n．参考
22．precise adj.精确的，准确的
23．portable adj.轻便的；手提的；便携的
24．swoop v i.突降；猛扑
25．parcel n．小包；包裹
Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题2分，共20分)
26．have...in common有……共同之处
27．from...on从……时起
28．as a result结果
29．by oneself独立地
30．in a way在某种程度上
31．make up编制，编造；组成；和好
32．after all毕竟；终究
33．with the help of 在……的帮助下
34．deal with处理；安排；对付
35．watch over看守；监视
Ⅰ.单词拼写(根据汉语提示或首字母提示写单词)(每小题2分，共16分)
1．The policeman scolded the driver for turning without a signal.
2．I think happiness(幸福) depends on our attitude towards life.
3．It is well-known that overpopulation is a universal(普遍的) problem.
4．Her childhood dream became a reality when she broke the world record.
5．The software downloaded(下载) on the Internet must be installed properly.
6．I haven’t calculated(计算；估算) the cost that we will spend in travelling.
7．When the computer is stopped in this way，it can only be restarted by the operator(操作员)．8．Seeing their favourite star come in，the devoted fans arose(起身) from their seats immediately. Ⅱ.词形变化填空(用括号内所给词的适当形式填空)(每小题2分，共14分)
9．It appears that we can’t draw information about a person based on his appearance.(appear) 10．The doctor operated on his shoulder and he is recovering from the operation.(operate) 11．After the applicant finished the application form，he left hurriedly.(apply)
12．Personally speaking，we need someone with lots of personality to head the project.(person) 13．Actually，it has been universally(universe) acknowledged that taking part in regular exercise is beneficial to our health.
14．He played an important role in the big company and was financially(financial) secure. 15．She took a complex topic and simplified(simple) it in a way that we could all understand.
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题2分，共10分)
16．几天以后我就要搬走了，我想知道你能否帮一下忙。(wonder)
I’m moving in a few days and I wonder if you could help.
17．久而久之，随着人口的增长，人们开始将食物切成小块，这样会熟得更快。(as)
Over time，as the population grew，people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.
18．这次期末考试太重要了，我不能拒绝参加。(so...that)
The final exam is so important that I can’t refuse to take it.
19．到20世纪90年代，计算机已经在全世界流行起来。(by)
By the 1990s，the computer had become popular in the world.
20．在志愿者的帮助下，仅花了半个月的时间这个问题就彻底解决了。(before)
With the help of the volunteers, it took only half a month before the problem was completely solved.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
signal n．信号；暗号；信号灯
v．发信号；示意；表明；标志
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)My niece seems to be signalling to us with her arm when I look up.
(2)“It’s not going to fix everything，but adaptive signals(signal) have some benefits for smaller cities，” he says.(2020·浙江)
?signal (to) sb.to do sth.示意某人做某事
signal sb.that...示意(某人)……
?send out a signal发出信号
a traffic signal交通信号
再提能力——完美写作·完成句子/句式升级·背诵
(3)士兵一发现敌人的军队就发出了信号。
The soldier sent out a signal the moment he found a troop of enemies.
(4)(普通表达)A striker stood up and signalled that he was strongly opposed to the plan.
①(高级表达)A striker stood up，signalling that he was strongly opposed to the plan.(用分词短语作状语改写)
②(高级表达)A striker stood up，which signalled that he was strongly opposed to the plan.(用非限制性定语从句改写)
arise vi.出现；产生，发生；起身；起床
先练基础——一词多义
写出下列句子中arise的汉语意思
(1)Seeing his mother return home，the boy arose from his chair immediately.起身
(2)New problems will arise one after another in the future.出现
(3)They arose at sunrise to get an early start to the park.起床
(4)Can we begin by discussing matters arising from the technology revolution？产生
?arise from＝arise out of由……引起/产生；从……中产生
?arise from one’s chair/seat从椅子/座位上站起来
再提能力——完美写作·一句多译·背诵
(5)休息时，我们的班主任开始处理他课上出现的问题。
①At break，our headteacher got down to dealing with the matters arising from his class.(分词短语作定语)
②At break，our headteacher got down to dealing with the matters which/that arose from his class.(定语从句)
用法点拨arise为不及物动词，表示“出现；发生”时，主语一般为argument，difficulty，misunderstanding，problem，quarrel，trouble等抽象名词，无被动语态。
You can’t be too careful while driving.Accidents often arise from carelessness.
开车时你再小心也不为过。事故往往是由疏忽大意造成的。
as a result结果
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)Positive thinking and action result in success.(2019·北京)
(2)Jenny nearly missed the flight as a result of doing too much shopping.
(3)As a result，she says，some of the injuries associated with running，such as runner’s knee，are uncommon among race walkers.(2020·全国Ⅰ)
?as a consequence结果
as a result/consequence of由于；作为……的结果
?result from由……引起
result in导致；造成
再提能力——完美写作·句型转换/完成句子·背诵
(4)In reality，as a result of his not working hard enough，the operator failed.
①In reality，the operator’s not working hard enough resulted in his failure.
②In reality，the operator’s failure resulted from his not working hard enough.
(5)郑和在海上航行了28年，到过30多个国家。因此，中国经济发展得更快，中国被世界上更多的人所知。
Zheng He spent 28 years on the ocean journeys and went to more than thirty countries.As a result，China’s economy developed faster and China was known by more people in the world.
用法点拨表示“造成；导致”的常见短语还有：
bring about，contribute to，lead to，give rise to，be responsible for等。
in a way从某种意义上讲；从某方面来说；在某种程度上
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)Though she thought she was helping her mother，she was only in the way.
(2)He told me a helicopter was on its way，but it would be 30 minutes before it arrived.(2020·浙江)
(3)In a way，the computer plays a more and more important role in our life and work.
all the way一路上；完全地；自始至终，一直
by way of经由；途经
on the/one’s way (to...)在(去……的)路上；在(去……)的途中
in the way挡路；碍事
in no way决不，一点也不(置于句首时，句子用部分倒装)
in this way用这种方法
再提能力——完美写作·单句写作·背诵
(4)面对困难时，你决不应该失去信心。
In no way should you lose heart when you are faced with difficulties.
(5)只有用这种方式他们才能长大独立、真正成功。
Only in this way can they grow up to be independent and become truly successful.
deal with处理；对付；与……打交道；安排；涉及；和(某人)做生意；解决
先练基础——一词多义
写出下列句子中deal with的汉语意思
(1)The coach is used to dealing with all kinds of people in her job.与……打交道
(2)Personally，her poems often deal with the subject of finance and reform.涉及；关于
(3)Ordinary soap，used correctly，can deal with bacteria effectively.(2018·北京)处理
(4)Most travel agents do not deal directly with these companies.和……做生意
?deal in做……生意；经营；买卖
do with处理；对待
?make a deal达成协议；做成交易
It’s a deal.成交；一言为定。
a great/good deal of许多；大量(后接不可数名词)
再提能力——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(5)我不知道如何与那个买卖二手车的人打交道。你能告诉我如何处理我的那辆旧车吗？
I don’t know how to deal with the man dealing in second cars.Can you tell me what to do with my old car?
(6)对于组织班级活动我们或许有不同的观点。我们也许有不同的方法来解决这一情况。
We may have different opinions in organizing class activities.We may have various ways to deal with/do with such a situation.
用法点拨在表示“处理，对待”时，do with 和deal with在陈述句中可以互换。但在特殊疑问句中，do with与what连用，而deal with与how连用。
as引导状语从句
As time went by，I was made smaller.
随着时间的推移，我被造得小点了。
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)For in-person humor，quality isn’t as important as you might think.Your attitude and effort count a lot.(2020·江苏)
(2)The best books are the ones that open further as time passes(pass)．(2020·全国Ⅰ)
as作连词，有以下用法：
?“当……时候；一边……一边……；随着”，引导时间状语从句。
?“按照……的方式(办法)；如同……”，引导方式状语从句。
?“因为；既然”，引导原因状语从句。
?“尽管”，引导让步状语从句。
?引导比较状语从句，常用于as...as...句型，意为“像……一样……”(第一个as是副词，
第二个as是连词)。
再提能力——完美写作·句型转换/完成句子·背诵
(3)As time went on/by，the coach contented himself with a simple life.
→With time going on/by，the coach contented himself with a simple life.
(4)他不用像他父亲那样不停地搬家了。
He did not need to keep moving house，as his father had.
(5)他虽是个孩子，却知道如何帮助困境中的其他人。
Child as he is，he knows how to help others in need.
用法点拨(1)当as引导让步状语从句时，从句使用部分倒装，即将形容词、副词、名词、动词等放于as前面；单数可数名词提前时应该省掉冠词。
(2)with意为“随着”时是介词，后接名词、代词或动名词等构成with短语或with复合结构。
so...that...
And my memory became so large that even I couldn’t believe it!
我的存储量变得如此之大，连我自己都不能相信！
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)For one thing，the overall development over the past decades has been so striking that they feel eager to familiarize themselves with what is going on in China.(2020·江苏)
so/such...that...引导结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于……”。
?so...that...句型的常见形式：
so＋adj./ad v.＋that...
so＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋that...
so＋many/much/few/little(少)＋n.＋that...
?such...that...句型的常见形式：
such＋a/an＋adj.＋n.＋that...
such＋adj.＋n.(复数或不可数)＋that...
?当so/such放在句首时，主句要用部分倒装语序。
再提能力——完美写作·完成句子/句式升级·背诵
(2)正如图画上所看到的一样，一个男孩肩负着那么沉重的作业以至于看上去他似乎再也无法忍受了。(写作之图画描写)
As can be seen from the picture，a boy is burdened with such heavy homework that it seems as if he can hardly bear it any more.
(3)(普通表达)It was so cold a day that there was nobody in the street.
①(高级表达)It was such a cold day that there was nobody in the street.(用such...that...改写)
②(高级表达)So cold a day was it that there was nobody in the street.(用倒装句改写)
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上单元词汇
Ⅰ.熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．The programme beginning in August will operate in South Africa.(2019·北京)v．实施
2．By opening a novel，I can leave behind my burdens and enter into a wonderful and mysterious world where I am now a new character.(2019·天津)n．人物
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．In this way，they can form a true picture of China themselves.(2020·江苏)
2．The police signalled to the driver to stop(stop) his car by raising his hand.
3．It was such a difficult question that some volunteers joined one after another.
4．I think it’s very unkind of you to make up stories about him.
5．To our great surprise，many problems have arisen(arise) ever since the host was replaced. 6．It is generally believed that the competitor’s illness resulted from the overfull tiredness. 7．China will further enhance education and training in order to better deal with climate change. 8．As technology develops(develop)，we can have access to the information swiftly.
9．Mrs Smith finds it hard to clear up the mess，as her children are always in the way whenever she tries to.
10．A great deal of money has been spent(spend) on food so far，which makes me hopeless.
Ⅲ.写作增分练——提升语用能力
1．说实话，我对如何解决这个问题感到困惑。(solve)
To be honest，I’m at a loss how to solve the problem.
2．会议结束了，他示意该走了。(signal)
The meeting was over；he signalled that it was time to leave.
3．随着社会的快速发展，我们发现和老同学聚会太难了。
(1)As the society develops rapidly，we find it hard to get together with our old classmates.(as)
(2)With the society developing rapidly，we find it hard to get together with our old classmates.(with) 4．由于越来越多的汽车，空气质量变得越来越糟。
(1)There are more and more cars.As a result，air quality is getting worse and worse.(result n．)
(2)As a result of more and more cars，air quality is getting worse and worse.(result n．)
(3)More and more cars result in air quality’s getting worse and worse.(result v．)
(4)That air quality is getting worse and worse results from more and more cars.(result v．) 5．事实上，他每天都进行体育锻炼。(reality)
In reality，he takes physical exercise on a daily basis.