轮机英语试题二十三

试题二十三

一、单项选择题：

1.Because the castings of smaller engines are not so big and heavy, ______ and cylinder block

may be made in one piece.

A. the column

B. the jacket

C. cylinder cover

D. cylinder liner

2.______ of an engine crankshaft can be detected by measuring deflections of crank webs for

each unit of the engine.

A. Misalignment

B. Length

C. Strength

D. Stresses

3. A common trouble with the fuel pump plungers or fuel valve spindle is______.

A. broken down

B. stuck

C. oil leakage

D. carbonized

4.Diesel fuel oil having a low cetane rating can result in ______.

A. improved cold weather starting

B. smoother engine operation

C. combustion knock

D. reduce ignition lag

5.______ is arranged for cleaning the lubricating oil in the system and clean oil can be

provided from a storage tank.

A. A filter

B. A centrifuge

C. A distiller

D. A generator

6.The emulsion of the oil is mainly caused by ______.

A. the solid impurities of large particle

B. the solid impurities of fine particle

C. the water content

D. both water and solid

impurities

7.Cylinders of marine diesel engines are normally cooled by ______.

A. sea water

B. fine mineral oil

C. sanitary water

D. fresh water

8.______ are fitted in the exhaust system and facilitate charge removal and scavenging in each

cylinder.

A. Diffusers

B. Compressors

C. Steam boilers

D. Soot blowers

9.______ device is provided to prevent starting air from being admitted to the cylinder before

the reversing is completed.

A. An automatic

B. A transmission

C. A self-regulating

D. An interlocking

10.The difference between a supercharged engine and an un-supercharged engine is that ______

operates at an increased pressure.

A. the later

B. the latter

C. the former

D. the farmer

11.______ for attachment to the propeller shaft also accommodates the turning gear and is

integrally forged with the crankshaft.

A. The coupling flange

B. The camshaft

C. The cross-head pin

D. The cylinder

jackets

12.A(n) ______is a chemical or electro-chemical attack on the metal surface which may be

further increased if the sea-water is polluted.

A. errosion

B. corrosion

C. cavity

D. scouring

13.The two-stroke cycle begins with the piston coming up from the bottom of its stroke, with

scavenge ports in the sides of the cylinder being ______.

A. shut

B. closing

C. opened

D. closed

14.The governor of a generator engine is to ______.

A. make the engine stop

B. regulate the timing of camshafts

C. make the rpm stabilize at any required value

D. make the engine run at nearly constant speed

15.The ability of the governor to prevent fluctuations(波动) in engine speed is termed ______.

A. sensitivity

B. stability

C. promptness

D. speed droop

16. A governor automatically controls engine speed by regulating ______.

A. fuel supply

B. firing order

C. engine load

D. oil level

17.The volute pump is one in which the impeller ___.

A. discharges into a gradually widening channel

B. has stationary diffuser vanes

C. produces no kinetic energy

D. All of the above

are true

18.As for a hydraulic single action vane pump, the inner wall of the stator is usually of ______

shape.

A. circular

B. elliptical( 椭圆的)

C. rectangular（矩形的）

D. hexagon

19.Gear pumps are of positive displacement type pumps because they discharge a near constant

amount of liquid ______ pressure.

A. depending on

B. in relative to

C. regardless of

D. because of

20.If an operating auxiliary boiler has a water pH reading of 7, you should ______.

A. bottom blow the boiler

B. treat the water with caustic soda

C. treat the water with chemical scavengers

D. reduce the water alkalinity to recommended readings

21.When steam is being raised on a boiler, the water level will normally ______.

A. drop as the boiler warms up

B. rise as the boiler warms up

C. remain unchanged until the boiler is hot enough

D. rise and fall with the steam demand

22.For a purifier, changing to a gravity disc with larger hole diameter will move the interface

towards the ______.

A. bowl periphery

B. bowl center

C. upper surface

D. lower surface

23.When in operation, it is unavoidable that a small amount of oil ______ through leakage, and

in order to compensate for these leaks the system is connected to a feed pump.

A. escapes

B. overheats

C. expands

D.

accelerates

24.The pollution prevention regulations state that slop oil and sludge that result as part of normal

fueling operations should be disposed of by ______.

A. discharging ashore into the sewer system

B. sealing in disposable plastic barrels aboard ship

C. discharging into a shore tank or slop barge

D. dumping into the ship’s bunker tanks

25.If a bilge pump failed to build up discharge pressure, you should check for ______.

A. excessive water in the bilges

B. a clogged suction strainer

C. oil in the bilges

D. all of the above

26.Here some oil in the oily water separator, as a result of its lower ______, will separate and

rise into the oil collection space.

A. temperature

B. viscosity

C. density

D. velocity

27.The drive motor will have a brake arranged to fail-safe, i.e. it will ______ the load if power

fails or machine is stopped.

A. cast

B. put

C. hold

D. let out

28.Morring winches are often combined with ______ units so that one prime mover drives both.

A. crane

B. hatch cover

C. windlass

D. steering gear

29.The air compressor pumps air to the ______.

A. air cylinder

B. combustion chamber

C. steam drum

D. expansion

tank

30.The process of boiling seawater in order to separate it into freshwater vapor and brine is

usually defined as ______.

A. dehydration

B. condensation

C. evaporation

D. dissolution

31.The cooler as the liquid becomes, ______.

A. the faster it will evaporate

B. the slower it will condense

C. the slower it will evaporate

D. the faster it will flow

32.During working, thermostatic expansion valve should be ______.

A. either all the way open or all the way closed

B. normally fully open

C. throttled depending on load

D. controlled by liquefied pressure

33.Prior to any overhaul work on electric equipment, it is important to ensure the circuits are

______.

A. live

B. dead

C. excited

D. on line

34.Why is it desirable to operate paralleled AC generators at the same power factor?

A. Circulating currents are kept to a minimum.

B. Field excitation losses are kept to a minimum.

C. Generator rotors will have a lesser tendency to hunt.

D. Because a power factor increase will decrease kilowatt output.

35.In a modern three-phase A.C. synchronous brushes generator, the excitation winding is on the

rotor. That means ______.

A. the generator need not excitation.

B. the winding on the rotor is for inputting excitation current.

C. there are three phase windings on the rotor.

D. the generator has brushes.

36.The main generators are connected to ______.

A. distribution boards

B. section boards

C. emergency switch boards

D. main switch boards

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/171498141.html,ually the panels are interlocked with ______ so that the devices can be made dead before

the doors are opened.

A. protective earth

B. isolators

C. ground switch

D. circuit-breakers

38.Which of the listed devices is used to measure pressure and convert it to an electrical signal?

A. Transducer

B. Reducer

C. Transformer

D. Rectifier

39. A manometer is used to measure ______.

A. pressure

B. temperature

C. volume

D. specific

gravity

40.An ohmmeter can be used to measure ______.

A. current flow in a circuit

B. voltage between two points in a circuit

C. circuit continuity

D. power

41.Engine protection by means of an alarm or shutdown control can be obtained with devices

that are sensitive to ______.

A. temperature

B. pressure

C. engine speed

D. all of the

above

42.When the current in a power transmission line is increased, the power loss ______.

A. increases as the square of the current

B. decreases as the square root of the current

C. remains the same, as it is independent of current flow

D. increases in direct proportion as the current

43.The conclusion that mechanical efficiency is always ______ 100 per cent is correct.

A. small than

B. more than

C. little than

D. less than

44.In a diesel engine, an extremely leaking exhaust valve can cause ______.

A. misfiring

B. pre-ignition

C. interrupted scavenging

D. reduced

scavenging

45. A crack in a cylinder liner can be caused by ______.

A. worn piston rings

B. installation of undersized

sealing rings

C. operating the engine at low loads

D. restricted cooling water passages

46.Poor combustion in a diesel engine can be caused by ______.

A. high compression pressure

B. low intake air temperature

C. low exhaust pressure

D. high scavenge air temperature

47.Diesel engine exhaust temperatures may be used to indicate ______.

A. leaking exhaust valves

B. an overloaded cylinder

C. a clogged injector nozzle

D. all of the above.

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/171498141.html,bustion knock can occur in the cylinders of a diesel engine under any condition

permitting ______.

A. a shortened ignition delay period

B. a lean fuel/air mixture

C. excess fuel in the combustion chamber

D. rapid vaporization of injected fuel droplets

49.During the inspection, the starting air valves should be closed ______ the engine from

turning.

A. to increase

B. to speed up

C. to prevent

D. to reduce

50.Lower suction pressure of a pump may be caused by ______.

A. too much air in the pipe line

B. clogged strainer

C. empty tank

D. leaky

pipe

51.To prevent excessive _____ in the transverse girders, the tie bolts are positioned as close to

the center of the crankshaft as possible.

A. thermal stresses

B. bending moments

C. thermal loads

D. surface

tensions

52.During repair, lubrication lines and orifices must be ______.

A. taken away

B. engaged

C. connected

D. sealed off

53.If the effective bearing bush area has been reduced ______, remedial action should be taken.

A. by more than 5 percent

B. by less than 10 percent

C. to 95 percent

D. to less than 90 percent

54. A centrifugal pump can’t supply water after starting. You should check ______.

A. priming water

B. power supply

C. packing gland

D. bearing lubrication

55.The ______ is used to measure current.

A. ammeter

B. voltmeter

C. wattmeter

D.

frequency meter

56.The ______ is used to measure power.

A. ammeter

B. voltmeter

C. wattmeter

D. frequency meter

57.At the beginning of the watch the current operational parameters and the condition of all

machinery should be verified and also the log readings should correspond with those ______.

A. noted by the bridge officer

B. told by last duty engineer

C. observed

D. in the instruction manual

58.In the engine department, the ______ is looked upon to provide the leadership that is needed.

A. captain

B. chief engineer

C. chief officer

D. chief motorman

59.Routine monitoring of a diesel engine should include ______.

A. checking for leaks

B. checking temperatures and

pressures

C. listening for abnormal noises

D. all of the above.

60.The stability of a vessel is normally the greatest when all fuel and water tanks are full

because the ______.

A. center of gravity is lowered

B. center of buoyancy is lowered

C. reserve buoyancy is unchanged

D. hull freeboard is increased

61.Hydrocarbon vapors are usually detected by the use of the ______.

A. flame safety lamp

B. combustible gas indicator

C. gasometer

D. oxygen

indicator

62.The order“Bow thrust stop.”means“______”.

A. Bow thrust full to port

B. Bow thrust full to starboard

C. No bow thrust revolutions

D. No stern thrust revolutions

63.______ may have two emergency source of power, thus requiring two emergency

switchboards.

A. Large passenger vessels

B. General cargo ships

C. Container ships

D. Oil

tankers

64. A ______ sometimes called filters, is a device designed to prevent the passage of unwanted

solids into the system.

A. steam trap

B. check valve

C. separator

D. strainer

65.It is usual to identify the fluids in pipes by bands of paint at intervals, and the engineer should

familiarize himself with the code in use. According to the above sentence, which of the

following statements is true?

A. People can know the types of fluids in pipes by feeling with hands.

B. There are series of rings painted in the pipes to show various fluids.

C. Engineers should wear cards standing for ranks.

D. Engineer knows his own code very well.

66.One of the disadvantages of using carbon dioxide to extinguish a fire in an enclosed space is

______.

A. the ‘snow ’which is sometimes discharged along with the gas is toxic

B. prolonged exposure to high concentrations of CO 2 gas causes suffocation

C. rapid dissipation of the CO 2 vapor

D. the CO 2 gas is lighter than air and a large amount is required to extinguish a fire near the

deck

67.Administrations should bear in mind the significance（重要性）of ______ in maintaining

safety of life and property at sea and in preventing marine pollution.

A. advanced nautical equipment

B. advanced performance main engines

C. emergency equipment

D. communication and language skills

68.The SOLAS Convention in its successive forms is generally regarded as the most important

of all international treaties concerning the ______ of merchant ships.

A. pollution

B. economization

C. safety

D. efficiency

二、关联题（每组关联题题干下有4个小题，每小题4个选项）

第一组：

At the first start, listen carefully for possible jarring sounds. If anything is suspected, stop the engine immediately, otherwise stop the engine after 5 minutes' idling. Check at least the temperatures of the main and big end bearings and of all other bearings which have been opened. Make visual inspection from below to the cylinder liners and piston skirts which have been opened. If everything is in order, restart.

Check that there is no leakage of gas, water, fuel or lubricating oil. Especially observe the fuel lines, HP fuel pumps and injectors. Watch the quantities emerging from the leak oil pipes!

Check that the starting air manifold is not hot at any cylinder (leaky starting valve may cause explosion!

After overhaul, the following instructions are important:

- check pressure and temperature gauges.

- check the automatic alarm and stop devices.

- check the pressure drop over the fuel filter and lubricating oil filter.

- check the oil level in the oil sump/oil tank. Estimate the condition of the oil.

- check the de-aerating of the engine circulating water system.

- check the quantity of fuel leak.

- check the telltale holes for leaks.

- check the circulating water quality

- check the cylinder pressures.

- listen for jarring sounds.

- check the crankcase pressure.

- check the starting air manifold.

Running-in is mainly intended to let piston rings "wear" to fit properly in the cylinder liner.

Do not continuously run at constant load during the running -in process.

It is important to vary the load several times. The ring grooves in the piston will have a different tilting angle at each load and consequently the piston ring has a different contact line to the cylinder liner wall.

69.Paragraph 1 tells us that ______.

A. if we hear vibration sounds, we should stop the engine quickly, or allow it to operate at

low

speed for 5 minutes, then stop it and check everything

B. if we hear vibration sounds, we should stop the engine quickly, otherwise the engine will

be

stopped automatically after 5 minutes

C. if we hear explosion sounds we should stop the engine then check everything

D. if we hear surging sounds, we should stop the engine immediately otherwise after 5

minutes

the engine will be destroyed

70.After overhaul, following instructions are important except ______.

A. release air from the engine circulating water system

B. treat the circulating water if necessary

C. make sure the pressure drop is enough besides the fuel filter

D. make sure the quantity of lube oil meets the requirement

71.After piston overhaul, the running -in process should be carried out ______.

A. periodically at steady load

B. occasionally at various load

C. continually at constant load

D. continually at various load

72.When dealing with engine troubles, ______.

A. no leakage of lubricating oil should be checked

B. quantities of oil emerging from the leak oil pipes must be watched

C. quality of the leak oil must be watched

D. the number of the leaking fuel lines should be checked

第二组：

At appropriate intervals inspection should be made of the main propulsion plant, auxiliary machinery and steering gear spaces. Any routine adjustments may then be made and malfunctions or breakdowns can be noted, reported and corrected. During these tours of inspection bilge level should be noted, piping and systems observed for leaks, and local indication instruments also be observed.

Bridge orders must be promptly carried out and a record of any required changes in speed and direction should be kept. When under standby or maneuvering conditions with the machinery being manually operated the control unit or console should be continuously manned.

Certain watchkeeping duties will be necessary for the continuous operation of equipment or plant-the transferring of fuel for instance. In addition to these regular tasks

other repair or maintenance tasks may be required of the watchkeeping personnel. However no tasks should be undertaken which will interfere with the supervisory duties relating to the main machinery and associated equipment.

During the watch a log or record will be taken of the various parameters of main and auxiliary equipment. Fuel consumption figures are used to determine the efficiency of

operation, in addition to providing a check on the available bunker quantities. Lubrication oil tank levels to some extent indicates engine oil consumption. If the sump level were to rise this would indicate water leakage into the oil and an investigation into the cause must be made. The engine exhaust temperature reading should all be about the same to indicate an equal power production from each cylinder. The various temperature and pressure values for the cooling water and lubrication oil should be at, or near to, the manufacturer’s designed values for the particular speed or fuel lever settings.

(The following questions are based on the passage above)

73.The first paragraph mainly about ______.

A. what should be done during the watch

B. what should be done during tours of inspection

C. what the duty personnel should do when they begin their watch

D. all of the above

74.The watchkeeping personnel ______.

A. should note bilge level

B. should observe piping for leaks

C. should undertake required tasks not affecting their supervisory duties

D. All of the above are true

75.Fuel consumption figures are used to ______.

A. determine the efficiency of operation

B. provide a check on the available bunker quantities

C. Both A and B are true

D. Neither A nor B is true

76.The fourth paragraph is mainly about ______.

A. why certain parameters should be recorded

B. where to get these readings

C. the purpose to log the sump level

D. all of the above

三、中译英（共2题，请将答案写在答题纸上）

77.在港口国监督检查中，根据SOLAS 74，下列缺陷可以作为船舶滞留的明显理由：推进

及其他关键设备，包括电气装置，不能进行正确操作。

2月17日19时40分滚装船/集装箱船XX号的主机扫气箱和1号涡轮增压器着火，冒出浓烟。火于20时30分扑灭。主机于2月18日1时启动，船已恢复向XX港航行。

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