高三英语被动语态专题复习

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英语有两种语态：主动语态(active voice) 和被动语态(passive voice)。主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者，而被动语态则表示主语是谓语动作的承受者。

一、被动语态的构成

被动语态是由助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成，如果有必要强调动作的执行者，动作执行者可以由介词by引出的短语表示。助动词be随主语的人称、单复数、时态的不同而变化。

二、常见时态的被动语态（以下讲解以动词do为代表）

1. 一般现在时主动语态：do

被动语态：am/is/are done

We clean the classroom every day. 我们每天打扫教室。

The classroom _________________________ every day. 教室每天都由我们打扫。

Such songs _______ usually _______ by girls. 这些歌通常是女孩子们唱的。

Russian _______ not ________ in our school. 我们学校不教俄语。

2. 一般过去时主动语态：did

被动语态：was/were done

We cleaned the classroom yesterday. 昨天我们打扫了教室。

The classroom ____________________________________ yesterday. 昨天教室被我们打扫了。The window ____________________________ by my son. 窗子是我儿子打破的。

______________ many trees _____________ on the hill yesterday 昨天山上种了许多树吗？

3. 一般将来时主动语态：will do

被动语态：will be done

We will clean the classroom soon. 我们很快要打扫教室。

The classroom ________________ soon. 教室很快要被打扫了。

The work _______________ immediately. 这工作将马上做。

4. 现在进行时主动语态：am/is/are doing

被动语态：am/is/are being done

We are cleaning the classroom now. 我们现在正在打扫教室。

The classroom _____________________ now. 教室现在正在被打扫。

A hospital ______________________ in the centre of the town. 镇中心正在兴建一家医院。

5. 过去进行时主动语态：was/were doing

被动语态：was/were being done

We were cleaning the classroom this time yesterday. 昨天这个时候我们在打扫教室。

The classroom _________________ this time yesterday. 昨天这个时候教室正在被打扫。

The teaching plan _______________________ at that time. 那时正在讨论教学计划。

The house _____________ when we arrived at his home. 我们到他家时，他家房子正在粉刷。

6. 现在完成时

主动语态：has/have done

被动语态：has/have been done

The classroom looks tidy. We have cleaned it. 教室看起来很整洁。我们已经打扫了。

The classroom looks tidy. It ______________________. 教室看起来很整洁。它已经被打扫了。Many foreign films ______________________ on TV since last month.

上个月以来，电视中播放了许多外国影片。

_____ a new training centre _____________ in our town 我们镇上新的培训中心建好了吗？

7. 过去完成时主动语态：had done

被动语态：had been done

The classroom looked tidy. We had cleaned it. 教室看起来很整洁。我们已经打扫过了。

The classroom looked tidy. It __________________. 教室看起来很整洁。它已经被打扫过了。His newly written novel _______________________ into English by the end of last month.

上个月末，他刚写的小说已被翻译成了英语。

She told me that she __________________ by her boss. 她告诉我，她的老板已把她解雇了。Her homework _________________ when I got home. 我到家的时候，她的作业还没有完成。

同学们要注意的地方：

1. “get+过去分词”结构

被动语态除常用“be +过去分词”构成外，还可用“get+过去分词”结构。这种结构多用在口语中，强调动作的结果。

The boy got ____________ when he was riding to school. 那孩子骑车上学时受伤了。

Did your letter get answered 你收到回信了吗？

2. 动词短语构成的被动语态

注意：在使用被动语态时，千万不要遗漏句末的介词或副词。

Such a bad habit should be got rid ______. 这样的坏习惯应该改掉。

All the important matters should be paid attention ______. 所有重要的事情都得到了处理。

3. 被动语态和系表结构的区别

被动语态表示动作，而系表结构表状态；

The cup was broken by a boy. (被动语态)

The cup is broken. (系表结构)

4. 含有情态动词的被动语态

含有情态动词的谓语变成被动语态时，用“情态动词+ be done”构成。

can/could/may/might/must/will/would/should/ought to + be done

The machine must ____________(operate) with care. 这机器必须小心操作。

Such a sentence ought not to __________(use) here. 这个句子不应该用在这里。

What's done cannot be undone. 覆水难收。

5. “be + 情感类动词”结构表示的不是被动语态，而是表达“人觉得……”

常见的情感类动词有：

惊讶：astonish; amaze; shock; surprise

恐惧：terrify; scare; frighten

失望：disappoint; discourage

鼓励：encourage; inspire

高兴：delight; please; excite

疲劳：tire; exhaust

感动：move; touch

迷惑：confuse; puzzle

放松：relax

其他：interest, satisfy, embarrass, bore, depress, worry, annoy

例如：

The story was so moving that everyone present was _____________(move) to tears.

What disappointing result! We were all _______________(disappoint) with it.

Climbing a hill was tiring and we were _______________(tire) when we reached the summit.

6. 主动形式表被动意义

(1)系动词look，sound，feel，smell，taste，appear，seem，go，prove，turn，stay，become，fall，get，grow，keep＋形容词/名词构成系表结构。

The steel __________(feel) cold.铁块摸起来很凉。

His plan __________(prove) to be practical.他的计划证明很实用。

(2)表示开始、结束、运动的动词，如begin，finish，start，open，close，stop，end，shut，run，move等。

Work _________(begin) at 7 o’clock this morning.工作今早七点开始。

The shop _________(close) at 6 p.m. every day. 这家商店每天下午6点打烊。

(3)表示主语的某种属性特征的动词，如read，write，sell，wash等。

The pen _________(write) well. Can I use it for a while?

The text _________(read) so well that you will enjoy reading it more times.

The cars made in Shanghai __________(sell) so well that you must order one months ahead. Silk clothes _________(wash) well. (It's easy to wash clothes made of silk

动词的被动语态构成一览表（以do为例）常用被动语态动词形式常用被动语态动词形式一般现在时现在进行时

一般过去时过去进行时

一般将来时现在完成时

过去将来时含有情态动词的

练习：用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。

1.It's said(据说) that the long bridge______________（build）in two months．

2.Where to have the meeting ______________ （discuss）now．

3.Which language _______the most widely_______（speak）in the world？

4.The lost boy_____________（not find）so far．

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/1817059665.html,st year a large number of trees______________（cut）down．

6. The students _____ often _____(tell) to take care of their desks and chairs.

7. The old man is ill. He ______ (must send) to the hospital.

8. Vegetables, eggs and fruits_________ (sell) in this shop.

9. The knives _______________(make) of metal(金属) and wood.

10. Can the magazine ___took_____ (take) out of the library?

11. The room _____________ (clean) by me every day.

12. The stars can’t _____________ (see) in the daytime.

13. Some flowers _______________ (water) by Li Ming already.

14. This kind of shoes __________ (sell) well.

15. How long _____ your uncle ______(be) in the city?

16. The food _____________ (smell) delicious.

17. Look! Someone __________(dance).

把下列主动语态的句子都改成被动语态：

1. People grow tea in South China.

2. The children will sing an English song.

3. You should do it now.

4. People use metal for making machines.

5. They are watching the football match.

6. They built a bridge here a year ago.

7. They have sold out the light green dresses.

8. We call the game “Lianliankan”.

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The basket can be carried by him. They can sing some beautiful songs. Some beautiful songs can be sung by them. 总结：上面例句的小规律： △主动语态变为被动语态的方法： 主动语态：主语+ 谓语动词+ 宾语 （执行者）（承受者） 被动语态：主语+ be + 过去分词（+ by + 执行者）（承受者）一般省略 【例题精讲】 例1.Children (not allow) to play frightening games. 例2.The Great Wall (know) by people all over the world. 例3.All the buildings (turn) into hospitals recently. 例4.How long can these magazines (keep)? Keys:1.aren’t allowed 2.is known 3.have been turned 4.be kept 【课堂练习】 提高题： 1. The vegetables (plant) in the fields next week. 2. The soldier was very ill when he (operate) on by Dr. Bethune. 3. The password of your email box should (memorize). . 4. Liquids can (turn) into gases if their temperatures (make) hot enough. 5. The next morning they (find) that some trees (blow) down during the night.

高考英语被动语态专题训练

被动语态专题训练 1. Hundreds of jobs _______ if the factory closes. (北京2001春) A. lose B. will be lost C. are lost D. will lose 2. In a room above the store, where a party _______, some workers were busily setting the table. (湖南2006) A. was to be held B. has been held C. will be held D. is being held 3. Customers are asked to make sure that they _______ the right change before leaving the shop. (重庆2006) A. will give B. have been given C. have given

D. will be given 4. The water will be further polluted unless some measures_______. (上海1992) A. will be taken B. are taken C. were taken D. had been taken 5. His sister left home in 1998, and_____ since. (09全国1) A had not been heard of B has not been heard of C had not heard of D has not heard of 6. When and where to go for the on-salary holiday ______ yet?(2003上海春季) A. are not decided B. have not been decided C. is not being decided

高一英语被动语态

高一专题系列一被动语态 ●学而时习 语态是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语的语态共有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般说来，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。 ●知识点精讲透析 ●考点一主动语态“变性”被动语态 1、主动语态变为被动语态的步骤： (1) 将主动句的宾语变为主语，如果主动句的宾语是代词，需变为主格。 (2) 将动词改为“be+过去分词”，be与新主语的人称和数一致，时态不变。 (3) 将主动语态的主语前加by放在谓语动词后，如果原主语是代词，要变为宾格。如： They held a meeting yesterday. → A meeting was held（by them）yesterday. 他们昨天开会了。昨天举行了一个会议。 They won’t forgive me. → I won’t be forgiven by them. 他们不会原谅我的。我不会被他们原谅的。 2、主动语态变为被动语态的注意事项： (1) 主动句中的主语如果是people, we, you, they, somebody等含糊地表示“人们”、“大家”等，变为被动句时，通常删去“by…”，除非强调原主语。如： They set up this hospital in 1975. → This hospital was set up in 1975. 这所医院建于1975年。 Only he can finish the job. 只有他能完成这项工作。→ The job can be finished only by him.这项工作只能由他来完成。 (2) 含有双宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语的句子，每个宾语都可变为被动语态的主语，即其被动语态有两种形式，但多以间接宾语作主语。 Jack told us the truth.杰克告诉了我们真相。We were told the truth by Jack. The truth was told (to) us by Jack. (3) 含有宾语+宾语补足语的句子，变成被动句后原来的宾语补足语就成了主语补足语了；注意：不带to的不定式作宾语补足语时，变成被动时要加上to。 I heard Emily sing the song just now. → Emily was heard to sing the song just now. 我刚才听见艾米莉唱这首歌了。 (4) 含有宾语从句的主动句变为被动句，通常用it作为被动结构的先行主语，把宾语从句后置。 We have determined that the plan should be carried out soon. It has been determined that the plan should be carried out soon. 我们决定这项计划必须马上实施。 (5) 双重被动结构: 当某人或物成为两次动作的承受者时，要用双重被动结构。如： Parents often ask their children to do too much homework. The children are often asked to do too much homework. Too much homework is often asked to be done by the children.

被动语态专项复习练习参考答案

被动语态复习练习 一、句型转换，把下列句子转换为被动语态： 1. She gave me a pen. A pen was given to me by her. I was given a pen by her. 2. I’ll plant them in rows in the field. They will be planted in rows in the field by me. 3. They have put up a notice on the wall. A notice has been put up on the wall by them. 4. We should do it as soon as possible. It should be done (by us) as soon as possible. 5. People say he is a genius. It is said that he is a genius. He is said to be a genius. 二、翻译 1.他工作努力受得了表扬。 He was praised for his hard work. 2.工厂将被建在哪儿？ When will the factory be built? 3.使我惊奇的是，他从树上跌下来竟没有摔伤。 To my surprise, he didn’t get hurt when he fell from the tree. 4.这本书很好卖，已经卖完了。 The book sells well and it has been sold out. 5.据说他已经去英国了。 It is said that he has gone to England. He is said to have gone to England. 6.这两个城市间正在修一条新路 A new road is being built between the two cities. 三、填空 1. The pen writes well (write). 2. Your suggestion proved quite effective (prove). 3. The bridge was made of stone (make). 4. My watch can’t work, it needs repairing/to be repaired (repair). 5. The film is really worth seeing (see). 6. Another middle school has been set up in our town recently (set up). 7. Mr. King, whose legs were badly hurt, was taken to hospital quickly (take). 8. The boy was punished for lying (punish).

高三英语被动语态真题汇编(含答案)含解析

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高中英语被动语态专项练习---有答案

被动语态专项练习 一、选择题（2×15=30分） ( ) a new library _____ in our school last year A. Is; built B. Was; built C. Does; build D. Did ; build ( )2. An accident ____ on this road last week. A. has been happened B. was happened C. is happened D. happened ( )（棉花）____ in the southeast of China. A. is grown B. are grown C. grows D. grow ( ) far, the moon ____ by man already. ? A. is visited B. will be visited C. has been visited D. was visited ( ) talk on Chinese history _____ in the school hall next week. A. is given B. has been given C. will be given D. gives ( ) many trees ____ this year A. are planted B. will plant C. have been planted D. planted ( ) lot of things ____ by people to save the little girl now. A. are doing B. are being done C. has been done D. will be done ( ) ___ this kind of computers______ --Last year. A. did; use B. was; used C. is; used D. are; used ( ) Great Wall ____ all over the world. A. knows B. knew C. is known D. was known ( ) _____ this book _____ A. did; written B. was; written by C. did; written D. was; written ( ) story _____ by Granny yesterday. A. was told us B. was told to us C. is told us D. told us ( ) monkey was seen _____ off the tree. A. jump B. jumps C. jumped D. to jump ( ) school bag ___ behind the chair. A. puts B. can be put C. can be putted D. can put ( ) people ____ well. A. looks after B. must be looked after C. must look after D. looked after ( ) teacher ______ carefully. A. should be listened to B. should be listen C. be listened D. is listened 二、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。（1×20=20分）(请注意时态和语态两 ．．．．．．．．． 个方面噢 ．．．．) 's said(据说) that the long bridge______________（build）in two months．

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【英语】高三英语精准培优专练∶被动语态(附解析)

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