五年高考英语试题分类解析 动词与动词短语

五年高考

2013最新命题题库大全2009-2013高考英语试题分类解析

动词与动词短语

1.【2013陕西】25. My uncle hasn’t been able to smoking, but at least he has______.

A. cut out

B. cut down

C. cut up

D. cut off

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词短语。cut down削减，减少。句意为：我叔叔还未能戒烟，但至少他已经少抽了。cut out切断；删去；cut up切碎，砍伤；cut off切断。

2.【2013辽宁32】Briggs will _______ as general manager when Mitchell retires.

A. get away

B. take over

C. set off

D. run out

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词短语。句意：当Mitchell退职的时候Briggs会接任作总经理。take over 接手，接管。

【语言学习】get away逃离，脱身；set off动身，启程；run out用完，用尽。

1. She didn't get away until nine last night. 昨晚九点她才离开。

2. If you set off in the wrong direction, everything else will be wrong. 如果出发点错误，则其它的一切都不必谈了。

3. You'd better go home before your money runs out. 你最好别等钱花光再回家。

3.【2013福建28】Old-fashioned phones matter when wireless networks ________ in disasters.

A. turn down

B. turn out

C. break down

D. break out

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词短语辨析。break down出故障，分解。turn down调小，拒绝；turn out结果证明……；break out爆发。句意：当发生灾难无线网络无法用的时候，老式的电话就有作用了。

【语言学习】与turn, break相关的动词词组

1. “turn on”打开，使高兴、兴奋；“turn off”关上电视、收音机、自来水等，扫某人兴致；“turn over”打翻，移交（turn over to）；“turn to”向某人寻求帮助；“turn down”拒绝，将电视、收音机、自来水等的开关扭小些；“turn away”拒绝进入某地；“turn out”结果是，证明为；“turn up”出现，出席，到达，将电视、收音机、自来水等的开关扭大些。Some girls turn on easily. This music really turns me off.

2. “break down”机器出故障，谈判破裂，身体或精神衰弱，分解句子或化学成分等；“break out”战争，疾病，暴乱等突然发生；“break up”瓦解，分散人群，关系的破裂等；“break in”强行进入，打断谈话等；“break though”突破，克服；“break away from”脱离；“break into”闯入建筑物，突然发出（大笑）等；“break with”与…断交。

4.【2013福建24】Michelle found a job as a high school teacher which _______ spending quite a lot of time with students.

A. enjoys

B. involves

C. practices

D. suggests

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。involve需要，包含，包括。句意：米歇尔找到一份做高中教师的工作，需花很多时间与学生在一起。

【语言学习】involve

1. 牵涉，牵连，使卷入；使陷入(麻烦、困境等)

to be involved in a scandal卷入丑闻

to be involved in the trouble陷入麻烦

2. 使参与；使参加

to involve employees in the management使职员参与管理

3. 包含，含有，包括

This project involves much difficulty.这一项目有许多困难。

4. 需要；必需

a project which involves years of work一项需要若干年工作的工程

5. 使专心于；使忙于；使从事于

to be involved in research忙于研究

5.【2013湖北】23. While intelligent people can often _______ the complex, a fool is more likely to complicate the simple.

A. sacrifice

B. substitute

C. simplify

D. survive

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。simplify简化，使简易。句意：聪明人常会让复杂的问题简单化，而傻瓜更可能将简单的东西弄得更复杂。

6.【2013湖北】24. According to the law, all foreigners have to _______ with the local police within two weeks of arrival.

A. associate

B. dispute

C. negotiate

D. register

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。register登记，注册，记录。句意：按照法律规定，所有外来人员一定要在到达两周后向当地警察登记。

7.【2013湖北】25. Butterflies _______ a sweet liquid produced by flowers, which bees and other insects collect.

A. carry on

B. feed on

C. put on

D. focus on

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词短语辨析。feed on以……为食；以……为能源发。carry on继续，从事；

put on穿上，上演；focus on集中注意力于……。句意：蝴蝶以花朵产生的甜蜜液体为食,这也是蜜蜂和其他昆虫采集的东西。

以on为核心的常见动词短语：come on来吧!(提醒、催促)；depend on取决于、视…而定，依靠、依赖，信赖、相信；get on上车；go on继续；hold on坚持住，握住不放，(打电话时)不挂断、等—会；keep on继续进行，反复地做；rely on依靠, 信赖，依赖；look on旁观，观看；put on穿上，戴上，上演，增加(体重)；take on承担，从事；turn on接通，打开。drop in on非正式访问(顺便来访)某人Be sure to drop in on me when you can spare a moment.

等你抽得出时间时别忘了顺便来看看我。

8.【2013湖北】26. In much of the animal world, night is the time _______ for sleep—pure and simple.

A. set aside

B. set down

C. set off

D. set up

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词短语辨析。set aside搁置，留出。句意：在大多数动物的世界里，夜晚是留下来用以睡眠的时间。

【语言学习】set相关短语

1. set up竖起，建起，安装，设立，开办，建立(组织)等；

2. set about doing开始；

3. set out to do & on sth 动身，出发/开始，着手做某事；

4. set off动身，出发/ 引爆（地雷、烟花）等；

5. set sail 扬帆起航

6. set free释放

7. set foot in进入到某地

8. set fire to放火烧

9. set aside存蓄

10. set an example to树立榜样

11. be set in故事发生在；以……为背景

9.【2013浙江17】Bears _______ fat stores throughout the summer and fall to have energy enough to last them through their winter sleep.

A. pack up

B. build up

C. bring up

D. take up

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词短语。build up积聚，逐渐增加；增强。句意：熊在夏季逐渐增加其脂肪的储存。pack up打包；bring up养育，呕吐；take up占，开始从事。

【拓展】以up为核心的常见动词短语

bring up养育，提出；come up走近，被提出；get up起床，起立；go up上升，上涨，增长；hold up举起，耽搁，阻挡；keep up保持，(使)继续下去；look up抬头看，查找；make up 构成，弥补，虚构，化妆；pick up偶然地学得、获得，拾起，捡起，收听到，用车搭载人，恢复健康、体力、精神，加速，染上坏习惯等；put up投宿，张贴，建造，搭起；send up 发射；set up竖立，架起，建造；take up占据，开始从事；turn up开大，出现。

10.【2013浙江12】A good listener takes part in the conversation, _______ ideas and raising questions to keep the talk flowing.

A. realizing

B. copying

C. offering

D. misunderstanding

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。offer主动提供。句意：好的听者会参与谈话中，提供观点和提出问题以保持谈话的顺利进行。realize意识到；copy抄写，复制；misunderstand误解。

【语言学习】take part in参加

We still decided to take part in an important race across the Atlantic. 我们仍然决定参加一个重要的横跨大西洋的比赛。

11.【2013浙江9】When the group discussion is nearing its end, make sure to _______ it with important points.

A. conclude

B. lead

C. avoid

D. hold

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。conclude终止，得出结论。句意：当小组讨论接近尾声时，一定要达成重要结论。lead领导，带领；avoid避免；hold握着，持有，容纳。

【语言学习】near

接近，靠近；走近

to near the international level接近国际水平

When the day is nearing its end, we will meet again. 当一天即将结束，我们会再相见。

12.【2013江西31】She _______ the carpet with some very nice curtains in color.

A. connected

B. fitted

C. equipped

D. matched.

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。match搭配，匹配。connect连接；fit（尺寸、大小）适合；equip 装备。句意：她用一些很漂亮的窗帘来搭配地毯。

13.【2013江西27】Mother always complains that children _______ their shoes very quickly.

A. find out

B. wash out

C. wear out

D. set out

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词短语。wear out磨损，穿破，精疲力竭。句意：母亲常抱怨孩子们很快就把鞋穿坏了。

【语言学习】find out查明，发现；wash out洗掉，精疲力竭；set out出发，动身。

When she was arrested, the detective found out that the shop assistant was her daughter. 她被逮捕后, 侦探发现原来那售货员是她的女儿.

He was washed out in the last examination. 他在最后一场考试中被淘汰。

The old man feels washed out after work every day. 老人每天工作后都感到精疲力竭。

It’s no easy job to set out in business. 开始经商决非易事。

【语言学习】

以out为核心的常见动词短语：come out出版，刊出，出现；get out离去，(消息等)泄漏；go out外出，熄灭；hold out伸出，坚持，支持；keep out把…挡在外边；leave out忽略，遗漏，省略，删除；look out注意，留神，朝外看；make out辨认、区分，理解、了解；pick out选出、挑出，辨认出、分辨出；put out熄灭、关(灯)，出版、发布，生产，伸出；sent out 派遣，发出；set out陈述、阐明，动身、起程、开始；take out拿出，去掉，扣除；turn out 制造、生产，结果是；watch out留意，提防，密切注视。

14.【2013江苏29】Team leaders must ensure that all members________ their natural desire to avoid the embarrassment associated with making mistakes.

A. get over

B. look over

C. take over

D. come over

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词短语。get over克服，战胜。根据句意，选A。句意：团队领导者必须确保所有成员克服他们天生的欲望以避免犯错的尴尬。

【语言学习】look over检查；take over接管，接任；come over 过来。

Would you mind looking over my article? 您看一看我的文章好吗?

Some officials will look over our factory this Friday. 本周五一些官员将察看我们的厂子。Johnson took over the chairmanship of the committee yesterday. 约翰逊昨天接任委员会主席一职。

If you have nothing to do this evening, come over and have dinner with us. 如果你今天晚上没事，到我们这里来吃晚饭吧。

15.【2013江苏23】—The town is so beautiful! I just love it.

—Me too. The character of the town is well_______.

A. qualified

B. preserved

C. decorated

D. simplified

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。preserve保护。qualified合格的，decorate装饰，simplified简化。句意：—这座小镇真美！我就是喜欢它！—我也是。城镇特色得到了很好的保护。

16.【2013新课标I卷30】At the last moment, Tom decided to_______ a new character to make the story seem more likely.

A. put up

B. put in

C. put on

D. put off

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词短语辨析。put in插入，加入。句意：为了让故事读起来更真实，汤姆加了一个新角色。put up建造，举起，供给……住宿；put on穿上，上演，增加，假装；put off 推迟。

17.【2013新课标I卷23】Try not to cough more than you can_______ since it may cause problems to your lungs.

A. check

B. allow

C. stop

D. help

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。help抑制，忍住。句意：咳嗽可能造成一些肺问题，咳嗽可别超过你能忍受的范围。

【语言学习】help

1. 【与can或cannot连用】避免；抑制，忍住，控制住

I can not help beating him. 我控制不住打了他一顿。

Don't make him angry than you can help. 尽量不要把他惹得发了脾气。

2. 对…有帮助，促进

It will help you to win in getting everything ready before hand. 事前做好一切准备能有助于你取得胜利。

3. 有益，有用；有帮助

Drink some wine. It'll help with your temper. 喝一点酒，这样可以让你安静下来。

18.【2013新课标II卷8】The watch was very good, and he_______ 20 percent down for it.

A. paid

B. cost

C. bought

D. spent

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。pay for为……支付。句意：这块表很不错，而且他还少支付了20%。

19.【2013新课标II卷2】Would you like to_______ with us to the film tonight?

A. come along

B. come off

C. come across

D. come through

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词短语辨析。come along一起来，陪伴。句意：愿意今晚和我们一起看电影吗？come off举行，成功；come across偶遇，无意中发现；come through经历、度过、穿过。【语言学习】come相关短语

1. come over从远处来，改变立场；

2. come out出现，消息传出，真相大白，出版；

3. come about发生；

4. come up被提出，长出地面；

5. come through”经历病、险情等，度过；

6. come along赶快，加紧努力。

20.【2013安徽26】Traditionally, college students hold a graduation ceremony to encourage themselves before they_______ on their life journey.

A. give up

B. settle down

C. get through

D. set off 【答案】D

【解析】考查动词短语。set off出发，动身。give up放弃；settle down 安顿，解决；get through 经历，度过。句意：在开始的人生旅程之前，大学生举行毕业典礼鼓励自己。

【语言学习】set相关短语

1. set up竖起，建起，安装，设立，开办，建立(组织)等；

2. set about doing开始；

3. set out to do & on sth 动身，出发/开始，着手做某事；

4. set off动身，出发/ 引爆（地雷、烟花）等；

5. set sail 扬帆起航；

6. set free释放；

7. set foot in进入到某地；

8. set fire to放火烧；

9. set aside 存蓄；10. set an example to树立榜样；11. be set in故事发生在；以……为背景

【语言学习】get through用法

1. The woman was so fat that she couldn't get through the doorway. 这女人胖得连门都通不过。(通过)

2. John has got through the examination. 约翰已经通过考试了。(通过考试)

3. The operator finally got me through. 接线员最终给我接通了电话。(接通)

4. If more supplies do not get through, thousands of refugees will die. 如果没有更多的物资送到，上千名难民将会死亡。(到达)

5. We can't get it through to him that using drugs is bad for his health. 我们没法使他明白吸毒对他健康的危害。(被理解)

6. I have a pile of papers to get through before my leaving. 我离开之前有一堆文件要处理。(完成)

7. How did you get through all that money in two days? 你怎么两天就把所有的钱都花完了? (用完)

8. I don't know how they get through these cold winters. 我不知道他们是如何熬过这些寒冷的冬天的。(度过)

21.【2013天津8】I had hoped to take a holiday this year but I wasn’t able to_______.

A. get away

B. drop in

C. check out

D. hold on 【答案】A

【解析】考查动词短语。get away脱身，抽身。句意：今年我本打算休假的，但无法脱身。【语言学习】drop in顺便拜访，check out办手续离开，hold on坚持。

On my way to the park, I dropped in on a friend of mine. 在我去公园的路上，我顺道看望了我的一个朋友。

We dropped in at the Chinese Art Museum and spent a most enjoyable morning there. 我们顺便走进了中国美术馆，在那儿渡过了一个愉快的上午。

They checked out ten minutes ago. 他们十分钟前就结账走了。

Please check out these names and numbers. 请把这些姓名和号码检查一下。

He said he would hold on to the truth with his blood and life. 他说他会为坚持真理而奉献鲜血和生命。

"Hold on!" I said to him, and pulled out my little dope book. 我对他说：“等一下”，然后我拿出我的小记录本.

Hold on, please. I'll see if he is in his office. 请稍等，我看看他是否在办公室。

22.【2013天津2】If you are in trouble, Mike is always willing to_______ a hand.

A. lend

B. shake

C. wave

D. want

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：如果遇上麻烦，迈克总乐意帮忙。lend a hand搭把手，帮助某人，对某人伸出援手。

【2012辽宁卷26】Rod loves_______ clocks. However, he never manages to put them together again.

A. taking apart

B. giving away

C. making up

D. turning off

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词短语辨析。Take apart拆开；拆卸(机器等)；使……分开。句意：罗德喜欢拆卸钟表，但是，他从来都无法重新装好。Give away赠送，泄露，分发，出卖；make up 编造，弥补，化装，占比例；turn off关掉。

【语言学习】Give away

1. 送掉；赠送；分发

John gave all his possessions away and became a monk. 约翰把他所有的家产都送了人，出家为僧。

We have invited a famous actor to give away the prizes. 我们邀请了一位著名演员颁发奖品。

2. 有意、无意地泄露情报、秘密等

Please don't give my secret away! 请不要说出我的秘密!

3. 出卖，背弃，告发(某人)

I know you didn't want to give your friend away. 我知道你不想出卖你的朋友。

4. 丧失；错过；浪费

The politician gave away his best chance to the promotion when he foolishly said the wrong thing. 这位政治家愚蠢地说错了话，失去了提升的最好机会。

【2012四川20】It’s surprising that your brother _______ Russian so quickly—he hasn’t lived there very long.

A. picked up

B. looked up

C. put up

D. made up

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词短语辨析。pick up无意之间、偶然地、不费力地学会。句意：你的弟弟如此快就学会说俄语了—他在那儿生活的时间并不长，这真令人惊奇。look up在书籍、电话薄等中查找；put up张贴，搭建；make up构成，编造，化装，占比例。

【语言学习】pick up

1. 拿起，拾起，捡起

He picked up his hat and went away. 他拾起帽子，走了。

2. 尤指偶然地、无意地、不费劲地得到；偶然获得；无意地学会技术、语言、游戏等

She picks up a lot of information. 她偶然得到许多信息。

3. 增加速度或冲力；增加……的速度；发动机增速

We picked up speed as we went downhill. 下山时我们的速度加快了。

4. 病后恢复健康、体力等；好转

This tonic should pick you up. 这种补药会增强你的体质。

5. 在广播、电视里收听、收看到

I picked up Radio Beijing last night. 昨晚我收听到了北京电台广播。

6. 车、船等中途搭人或货

It's not safe to travel by standing at the road side hoping to be picked up by passing motorists. 旅行时站在路旁希望过路车捎带是不安全的。

7. 生意逐渐好转；使好起来

Trade has been slack for the past year, but it is now picking up. 一年来生意一直不景气，不过现在好起来了。

8. 便宜地得到

My friend knows where he can pick up a good used car for you at a reasonable price. 我朋友知道他能在哪儿以合理的价格为你买一辆好的二手车。

【2012陕西19】He had to pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from his forehead, because the air-conditioning system_______.

A. broke in

B. broke up

C. broke out

D. broke down

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词短语辨析。break down出毛病，发生故障。句意：他得不时停下来擦去额头的汗水，因为空掉发生了故障。break in打断，闯入；break up结束，散开，分解，关系破裂；break out爆发。

【语言学习】break down的用法

1. (机器等)发生故障，失效，出毛病

The car broke down. 汽车坏了。

2. 坍塌；崩溃，瓦解

The bridge broke down in last earthquake. 那座桥在上次地震中坍塌了。

3. 中断，中止，破裂

Talks have broken down over the disputed territory. 对有争议的领土问题的谈判破裂了。

4. (使)感情上失去控制，放声痛哭起来

She broke down and wept at the sad news. 她控制不住感情，为此噩耗而哭泣。

5. 在健康或精神等方面垮掉，垮下来，健康等变得衰弱，由于过度忧愁或工作而精神不支His health has broken down because of working too hard. 他因工作过度劳累，身体垮下来了。

6. 分成若干部分；把(化合物等)分解；把(机器等)拆散

to break down a beef carcass into basis cuts 把牛肉畜体分切成几大块

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A. set about

B. set up

C. set out

D. set down

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词短语辨析。Set out to do sth着手做某事。句意：我们开始着手粉刷整幢房子,但是那天只完成了前面的部分。set about doing sth着手做某事。set out出发，引起，动身，使爆炸；set down放下，记下，确定。

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A. open

B. narrow

C. widen

D. leave

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。narrow缩小，减少。句意：父母和孩子应该多交流,缩小他们之间的差距,这样他们就能更好地彼此了解。widen变宽；leave离开，留下，遗忘；open公开，打开。

【2012江西24】I’ve _______ the habit of calling in on my grandparents on my way home from

school.

A. come into

B. gone into

C. got into

D. run into

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词短语辨析。Get into the habit of养成……的习惯；沾染上……的习气。句意：在放学回家的路上我已经习惯了去看看我的祖父母。

【语言学习】

bad habit 坏习惯

good habit 好习惯

in the habit of 有…习惯

form the habit of 养成…的习惯

living habit 生活习惯；生活方式

eating habit 饮食习惯

develop a habit 养成习惯

form a good habit 养成好习惯

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A. make

B. turn

C. take

D. have

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。make使成为。句意：我们一致同意，小舍将会给我们的家庭营造一个完美的假日家园。

be agreed on(about) sth/that对……取得一致意见，一致同意。

All were agreed that no animal must ever live there. 大家一致认为动物都不能住在那里。【2012全国新课标35】If she doesn't want to go, nothing you can say will_______ her.

A. persuade

B. promise

C. invite

D. support

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。persuade说服。句意：如果她不想去,你说什么也不能说服她。【语言学习】Promise预示

The clouds promise rain. 阴云预示有雨。

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A. put out

B. put down

C. put away

D. put together

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词短语辨析。put down记下，写下。句意：玛丽擅长于在课上记笔记。她能记下老师讲的每个词。put out熄灭；put away收拾，储存；put together放在一起。

【语言学习】put down

1. 镇压，压制，扑灭，取缔

The military junta is determined to put down all political opposition. 政变上台后的军人政府决心镇压政治上的一切反对派。

2. 写下来，记下来，记下名字和地址

I'm having a party next Saturday; put it down in your notebook so you will not forget it. 本星期六我有个聚会，把这事记在你的笔记本上以免忘记。

put away

1.把……收起来；放回原处

Put your toys away in the cupboard when you've finished playing. 把你的玩具玩完后放进柜子

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