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托福听力讲义:题型分析

托福听力讲义:题型分析
托福听力讲义:题型分析

新托福强化听力讲义新托福考试听力部分介绍

1. 新托福和旧托福的对比

2. 题量,时间,分数

3. 题目的考查形式

考场环境:独立电脑,耳机,铅笔,草稿本

电脑环境:图片,视频,声音,板书

新题型:双选题,重听题,表格配对题

答题时间:总时间限制,每题分配时间不限

答题流程:永不悔改

4. 文章材料的考查形式

文章结构:删除了旧托福的PART A 部分,更加注重于对于能力的考查 文章长度:比旧托福长

文章语速:无所谓快慢,比旧托福更加贴近真实的学习生活

文章类型:对话,独白,讨论

CONVERSATION文章思路

LECTURE文章思路

5. 新托福考试题型概述

新托福听力文章套路

1. 托福听力中的重点原则

原则一:大写原则

原则二:开头结尾原则:3T-2M原则

原则三:重复原则

原则四:转折对比原则

原则五:强调原则

原则六:比较原则

原则七:建议原则

原则八:举例原则

原则九:现在原则

原则十:解释原则

原则十一:因果原则

原则十二:观点态度原则

原则十三:特殊问句原则

2. 举例:OFFICIAL GUIDE PRACTICE SET 1——CONVERSATION

3. 举例:OFFICIAL GUIDE PRACTICE SET 2——LECTURE

新托福考试题型及解题策略

4. GIST QUESTION主旨目的题

什么是主旨目的题?

requires the listener to understand critical vocabulary phrases or facts from several points in a text and to interpret to identify the key points of the text. Questions that test understanding the gist may require you to generalize or synthesize information in what you hear.

如何识别主旨目的题?

What are the students mainly discussing? ETS

What is the main topic of the talk? ETS

What is the lecture mainly about?

What is the talk mainly about?

What is the main purpose of the lecture?

What is the professor mainly discussing?

文章的主旨展开方式

(1)直接展开:

●today we are going to be talking about…

●I’d like to begin my lecture by introducing…

●let’s focus on…

●let’s now take a look at…

(2)问答式展开:

●how are companies typically structured?

●Do you remember what they are?

●How can you understand it?

●Why does human being consider it important?

(3)全文关键词总结

(4)练习一:The listening passage will begin like this: “Listen to part of a lecture in an astronomy class”. Pay attention to the name of this course.

●Listen to part of a lecture in a ___________class.

(5)练习二:Listen to 10 sentences and take down the topic words.

●I have several slides of _________, from the fifteenth century.

●So last time we were discussing, uh, _________. Today we are going to look at

__________.

●Well, today’s lecture is about _________.

●If you read the chapter, the one about _________, then you have some background for

today’s lecture.

●I’m going to share a different approach with you today called _________.

●Ok, let’s begin our discussion of __________.

●…then let’s get on with our discussion of __________.

●From your syllabus, you know that today we are talking about __________.

●Let’s ask ourselves this simple question: how does an ___________ make you well?

●All right. We’ve been talking about _________, now let’s turn our attention to

__________.

选项特征

●正确选项标志词:history, development, background, information, growth, origin, features,

characteristics, invention, creation, innovation, evolution, era, trend, comparison, classification 等

●干扰选项特征:

Too general: an idea that is beyond the focus of the conversation or lecture

too specific: a supporting detail instead of a main idea

inaccurate: not true, or only partially true, according to the speakers

irrelevant: about something that the speakers don’t mention

5. DETAIL QUESTION细节题

什么是细节题?

require the listener to understand and remember explicit details or facts that are important as an explanation or an example of the main idea. These details are typically related, directly or indirectly, to the gist of the text, by providing elaboration, examples or other support.

如何识别细节题?

What problem does the man have? ETS

According to the conversation, what are two ways in which bacteria cells get resistance genes?

Why does the professor talk about Plato’s descript ion of society?

细节题的考查点

(1)时间细节

●年份、月份、星期、四季的说法

●注意细节对应的事件

(2)地点细节

●国家名称(缩写、中文)

●美国地名

(3)名词细节

●文章中出现的一个名词前后的特点

●记住名词出现时候的发音

(4)方位细节

●注意方位词的说法

●注意方向词的说法

(5)数字细节

●注意逗号原则的应用

●注意分数,小数,百分数的说法

●注意数字修饰的名词

(6)颜色形状细节

●常见的颜色词汇

●常见的形状词汇

(7)态度细节

●注意点评一个事物所用的形容词

●注意正负态度评价

(8)人名细节

●积累常见名人人名的发音

●注意人名的前后一致性

(9)双选细节

●注意并列的原因、建议、结果、陈述、特点

●注意序数词和表示顺序的短语

(10)图片细节

●常见的会出现图片学科:生物学,植物学,地理学,地质学,气象学

●抓住图片中的要素:大小,形状,颜色,方向,方位,特点

●笔记中记录下图片

6. PURPOSE QUESTION功能题

什么是功能题?

the question type often involves replaying a portion of the listening passage.

如何识别功能题?

What does the professor imply when he says this: (reply)

What can be inferred from the professor’s response to the student?

What is the purpose of the woman’s response?

Why does the student say this?

托福听力中的常见功能:

(1)Explanation: Simply put/ Let’s put in this way/ I think I should/ you mean

(2)Conclusion: now to sum/ wrap up my speech

(3)Suggestion: you should have done something better

(4)Inspiration: come on, you are supposed to know this…

(5)Emphasis: please bear in mind that…/ Rhetorical question

(6)Correcting mistake: wait a minute/ I made a slip of tongue

7. ATTITUDE QUESTION态度题

什么是态度题?

you may be asked a question about the speaker’s feelings, likes and dislike s, or reason for anxiety or amusement. Also included in this category are questions about a speaker’s degree of certainty: is the speaker referencing a source or giving a personal opinion? Are the facts presented generally accepted or are they disputed?

如何识别态度题?

What can be inferred about the student?

What is the professor’s attitude toward…?

What is the professor’s opinion of …?

What can be inferred about the student when she says this:

What does the woman mean when she says this:

托福听力中的常见态度:

(1)Awful: woops! Uh-uh! Oh, no! Oh, dear! Oh, shoot!

(2)Remind: I don’t think you will do/ I was wondering if you will do something/ I don’t imagine if you do…/ you haven’t done something, have you?

(3)Pity: what a shame/ that’s too bad./ I’m sorry to hear that/ tough luck

(4)Eulogy: Fabulous=Fab; Magnificent=Magnif; Glamorous=Glam; Excellent; Terrific;

Awesome; Amazing; Fantastic; Incredible; Outstanding; Superb; Charming; Good job (5)to the professor: Fascinating; Catching; Instructive; Stimulating Thought-provoking;

(6)Surprise: Gee! Jesus! My dear! Boy! Jesus Christ! Man! Oh, my God! Gosh! Oh, my! What!

Dear me!

(7)Tactful refuse: Sounds great, but/ Sounds like fun, but/ that’s temptin g, but/ I wish I could, but/ I’d love to, but/ I’d really like to, but/ I would (if I could), but/ I meant to, but/ I have been

meaning to (do something), but/ I should have, but…

8. ORGANIZATION QUESTION结构题

什么是结构题?

in understanding organization questions you may be asked about the overall organization of the

listening passage, or you may be asked about the relationship between two portions of the listening passage.

如何识别全文结构题?

How is the information in the lecture organized?

How does the professor clarify the points he makes about Mexico?

新托福演讲文章的四种典型结构

(1)直线型结构

(2)并列结构

(3)比较结构

(4)对比结构

如何识别表格题?

(1)配对表格题:重要信息对号入座,侧重于考察多个时间、地点、人物、事件的对应/段落中主要论点下的各分支及各分支定义和主要特点

(2)判断表格题:侧重于考察哪些信息提到/没提到(注意记录文中列举的主要观点/举例)(3)排序表格题:侧重于考察对过程/步骤地把握

9. INFERENCE QUESTION推理题

什么是推理题?

You usually have to reach a conclusion based on facts presented in the listening passage.

如何识别推理题?

What can be inferred about …? ETS

What does the professor imply about …? ETS

What will the students do in the summer?

推理题的解题技巧

(1)注意出现的观点性语言:in my opinion, as far as I’m concerned, person ally, pay attention, from my point of view

(2)注意进度条和结尾段的引申

(3)注意首尾段的遥相辉映

(4)正确选项经常是文章中没有出现的单词

托福听力改革和题型介绍

刚刚在上周末结束的托福考试中,听力成功霸占了热搜。 很多考生都反映听力太难了,本身想靠听力carry总分,结果先栽倒在听力上了。 对于打算考托福和备战托福的考生来说,听力轻松拿高分的日子已经一去不返。 托福听力改革 即将在8月份实施的托福新政里,听力的题目得到了精简。取消了一个lecture的部分,由原先的4段讲座(加试6段)变为3段(加试4段),每个部分的题目数量不变。 但是时间由原来的60分钟,遇到加试90分钟,下调至41分钟,遇到加试57分钟。原本1段讲座平均有10分钟的答题时间,时间却减少了整整将近20分钟。答题时间变得紧凑,每道题目分值增加,这就无形中增加了听力难度。 在最新版的TPO样题中,我们可以一瞥改革后的听力题型。正如改革的政策提到的,删减了一道讲座题,总题目数将至28道,平均托福听力每道做题时间由1.76分钟变为1.4分钟。 托福听力话题类型

托福听力部分包2个对话(conversation)和4段演讲(包括教室对话在内的lecture)。 每个对话涉及2个或2个以上的说话者,每个对话是2至3分钟,每个对话对应5道试题。对话都是大学校园中的非学术类场景,首个场景出现在学校办公室里。对话也许会牵涉学术内容又或是和课程要求有关。第二个场景介绍人有关学生服务的对话。 每段演讲对应6道试题。每个演讲是4至6分钟。讲座通常都是来源在老师的课堂授课。讲座也许是从教授的讲课内容,或者是学生的提问,还或者是师向学生提问并且请一位学生回答里摘录的。 托福听力题目类型 新托福听力里的大多数题目,不论是对话还是讲座,全部是用传统的四选一的选择题为主。根据《The Official Guide To The New TOEFL》即托福考试官方指南(OG)的介绍,新托福考试听力部分有八种题型,可分为以下三类: 1.内容主旨题 理解讲座或对话的主旨大意,或者对话目的。常见的提问方式有以下几种: What is the main idea of this lecture? What are the two speakers talking about? Why does the student go to see his professor? 2.判断题 是非判断题也是托福考试改革后出现的较为新颖的题型,一般是列出很多与录音材料中所提及的内容较为相似的句子,让考生辨別究竟哪些是录音材料中提到的。 以下例题是其常见的出题方式: The professor discusses how an animal becomes a fossil after its death. Indicate whether each sentence below is a step in the process. 3.细节题 听懂并记住讲座或对话中明晰的细节或事实,比如时间、数字、举例内容等。常见提问形式有: 1. What is X? 2. Which of the area does the picture illustrate?

托福听力功能题及态度题

托福听力功能题及态度题 功能题 在新托福听力中, function功能题占大约15%的比重。那么考生要学会识别function 功能题并把握其解题技巧。 首先我们看看功能题的典型提问方式: What is the purpose of the lecture? What does the professor imply when she says this? Why does the professor say this? What can be inferred from the student’s response? 其次我们学习下功能题的解题技巧 解答这类题目,考生需要注意重听的某句话在重听的小层次中所起到的作用。单独看这句话,可能考生无法判定它的功能。那么放在语境中,考生才能更好地把握其功能。 而在托福听力中常见的功能的分类有解释,总结,建议,鼓励,强调,纠正错误等。此外考生可以根据这些常见的功能分类,分析可能出现的考点,利用听力过程中的笔记把握重点内容。在记笔记的过程中注意把握语气、语调的升降。这些都是功能题常出现的考点。有重点地把握这些能够更好地把握功能题,并提升功能题的正确率。 态度题 在P类问题(Pragmatic Understanding Questions)中,态度题所占的比重相对较少。但是不可忽视其重要性。下面我们来看看托福听力中态度题的一些情况。 态度题的典型提问方式: What is the professor’s opinion of …? What can be inferred about the student when he says this?

托福听力Tpo真题——动物专题

TPO Listening Exercises Subject: Animal Sciences Your Name: Your Class:

TPO1 Lecture 4 is the main topic of the lecture The types of habitats marmots prefer Methods of observing marmot behavior Feeding habits of some marmot species Differences in behavior between marmot species to the case study, why are marmots ideal for observation They do not hide from humans They reside in many regions throughout North America They are active in open areas during the day Their burrows are easy to locate the appropriate description of each marmot species' behavior to the box below the marmot's name Click on a phrase. Then drag it to the space where it belongs. One of the phrases will not be used Displays aggressive tendencies is family oriented says active during the winter reason does the professor give for the difference in marmot behaviour patterns? Type of food available The size of the population Interaction with other marmot species

六种新托福听力题型及其解题技巧

六种新托福听力题型及其解题技巧 (一六种托福听力题型易考点及其技巧点睛: 所谓最大的技巧就是“反命题”,知己知彼,才能百战不殆。想要在听力部分取得高分,不仅是在刚开始接触IBT听力时,乃至当临考的冲刺阶段在做官方样题时,也一定要将ETS 的出题思路和考核要点贯彻始终。 1、主旨题 一个段子的主旨往往出现在文章引言和开头处,而重复的最多往往一定是主旨!在听课堂演讲等学术性题目时,一定要首先把握文章最核心的主旨,主旨考题选项中过于细节的往往是错误选项; 2、功能/目的题 该题型类似于主旨题,对于任何一个长段子,首先务必要把握的是文章的主旨和结构,只有主旨确定了,才有可能去理解细节,做推断。 3、细节题 主旨题和细节题主要是考察考生对于基本信息的理解能力(basic comprehension,除此之外ETS所要考察考生的另外两种能力分别是对于语用信息的理解(pragmatic understanding和整合信息、对全文结构把握的能力(connecting information。而基本信息的理解就占到50%的比重,可见主旨题和细节题的重要性。 对于细节题,大家不要走入误区,觉得所有的细节100%会考到,所以去关注每一个小的细节点,以至于舍本逐末,只见树木,不见森林。对于细节题,大家要把握两个原则:第一、ETS只会考察我们和主旨有关的重要细节。过于偏细节的实在没有听到,大可不必惋惜,影响后面的发挥;第二,牢牢把握住往往和考点向联系的重要信号词。比如说表示因果的accordingly, thus等词对应于细节题中常考察的因果题。而常见的和信号词相关的考点有逻辑时间顺序、举例、列举、相似或者对比、转折、强调、因果、总结、定义、建议、数字等。

托福听力态度题全面分析

托福听力态度题全面分析

————————————————————————————————作者:————————————————————————————————日期: 2

智课网TOEFL备考资料

托福听力态度题全面分析 摘要:态度题是托福听力考试的常见题型之一,考生们千万不能因为态度题所占比重较少而忽略它的重要性,为帮助考生更好的了解,我们特别为大家奉上托福听力态度题全面分析。 新托福听力考试总共有六大题型的测试,分别是:主旨题、细节题、句子功能题、态度题、结构题和推论题。而ETS将这六大考题细归类为B, P, C三部分,即Basic Comprehension Question基本信息理解题,Pra gmat ic Understanding Question语用信息理解题和Connecting Information Question信息关联题。B部分包括:主旨题和细节题;P部分包括句子功能题和understanding the speaker's attitude态度题;C部分包括结构题和推论题。 在P类问题(Pragmatic Understanding Questions)中,托福听力的态度题所占的比重相对较少。但是因其一般解题难度较高,因此不可忽视其重要性。下面我从以下几个方面为同学们解析态度题。 一.托福听力态度题的典型提问方式: What is the professor’s opinion of …? What can be inferred about the student when he/she says this (reply)? What is the professor’s attitude about/toward…? What does the man/woman mean when he/she says this? 二.托福听力态度题的典型出题角度 1.互动时教授的回复,学生的疑问(以反驳观点为主)

托福听力Tpo真题_动物专题

TPO Listening Exercises Subject: Animal Sciences

Your Name: Your Class: TPO1 Lecture 4 12.What is the main topic of the lecture ●The types of habitats marmots prefer ●Methods of observing marmot behavior ●Feeding habits of some marmot species ●Differences in behavior between marmot species 13.According to the case study, why are marmots ideal for observation ●They do not hide from humans ●They reside in many regions throughout North America ●They are active in open areas during the day

●Their burrows are easy to locate 14.Drag the appropriate description of each marmot species' behavior to the box below the marmot's name Click on a phrase. Then drag it to the space where it belongs. One of the phrases will not be used Displays aggressive tendencies is family oriented says active during the winter 15.What reason does the professor give for the difference in marmot behaviour patterns? ●Type of food available ●The size of the population ●Interaction with other marmot species ●Adaptations to the climate 16.Why does the professor say this() ●To inform the student that his definition is incorrect ●To suggest that the student did not do the reading ●To encourage the student to try again

解析托福听力考试出题思路

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托福听力五大解题技巧

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4-8 94年8月TOEFL听力 A 1. (A) Forget about going to the bank either Thursday or Friday. (B) Go to the bank Friday instead of the holiday. (C) Go to the bank Thursday because the next day is a holiday. (D) Get the money from the bank Friday for your vacation. 2. (A) Can we have two tape recorders like this one? (B) Can we order another tape? (C) Can someone fix this tape recorder? (D) Can this tape be recorded again? 3. (A) Steve cooked dinner for me last night. (B) Steve agreed to have dinner with me. (C) The meal tasted good to Steve. (D) Steve was unpleasant yesterday evening. 4. (A) She doesn't know which day to go. (B) She has no plans for today. (C) She doesn't want to do anything more now. (D) She doesn't want to do anything more now. 5. (A) Betty has had the book for months. (B) Betty has become a faster reader. (C) Betty borrowed the book for a week. (D) Betty used to read much more. 6. (A) The visitors were looking for a place nearby to eat. (B) We met the visitors at a restaurant far from here. (C) We were invited to dinner by the visitors. (D) The visitors nearly passed us by. 7. (A) Mark and his friends like to spend money. (B) Mark's friends are likely to take a long time. (C) Mark enjoys the company of his friends. (D) Mark's time with his friends is wasted. 8. (A) The game didn't start until ten minutes of seven. (B) There are ten minutes left in the game. (C) The game ran ten minutes into overtime. (D) The game won't begin for ten more minutes. 9. (A) She needs more space for her collection. (B) Her paintings have been damaged. (C) Her paintings cannot be replaced. (D) She has corrected the text of the exhibit program. 10. (A) He has worked for three companies. (B) Three of the companies turned him away. (C) His company wants to hire three people. (D) He decided not to accept several job offers. 11. (A) His sight is still not too good.

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