完成时态的讲解与练习

现在完成时的用法和练习题

一. 用法：

（1）动作发生在过去，强调对现在的影响。

与一般过去时的区别：

强调过去—一般过去式

强调对现在的影响---现在完成时。

试比较：

I have lost my new book. 我把新书丢了。（现在还未找到）

I lost my new book yesterday. 我昨天把新书丢了。（昨天丢的，现在找到与否没说明）

My mother went to Shanghai.

Where is your mother? ---She has gone to Shanghai.

. I didn’t have breakfast.

I haven’t have breakfast yet.

（2）动作发生在过去某个不确定的时间，但对现在有某种影响和结果。常被just、already、yet 等副词修饰。如：

--Have you had lunch yet? --Yes, I have. I've just had it.

你（已经）吃午饭了吗？我刚刚吃过。（现在我不饿了）

（3）现在完成时表示未完成。动作从过去延续到现在，还可能以后继续。通常和带有for和since等表示一段时间的状语。

He has been in the army for ten years.

I have studied English since 1980.

（4）表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作，现在成为一种经验，一般译为汉语“过”，表示次数：一次once; 二次: twice, 三次：three times…, ever, never等时间状语。

如：I have been to Beijing twice.我去过北京二次。

I have been to Shanghai twice.

She has watched this film three times.

I have never seen more beautiful girl than she.

练习

1. 我已经在深圳住了十年。

___________________________________

2. 我的叔叔自从1960年以来都在寻找他的女儿。

___________________________________

3. 我踢足球已经有两年了。

___________________________________

4. 我自从1996年就认识玛丽

___________________________________

5. He has lived in Nanjing ________ the year before last.

6. I’ve known him __________ we were children.

7. Our teacher has studied Japanese _________ three years.

8. She has been away from the city ___________ about ten years.

9. It’s about ten years __________ she left the city.

二. 构成：

(1) 肯定句：have / has done

(2) 否定句：...have/has not done

(3) 一般疑问句：Have/ Has ... done ....?

Yes, ... have/has. No, ...have/has not.

(4) 常用的时间状语有：

already “已经”肯定句的中间和末尾处

never “从不”中间处

ever “曾经”疑问句和肯定句的中间处

just “刚刚”中间处

yet “已经” 、“还”疑问句、否定句的末尾处) 或不加任何的时间状语，但不能和表示过去的时间状语连用.

A.already和yet区别:

I have already finished my homework.

already用在_______，位于_______。“已经”

Have you finished your homework yet?

yet用在_______和________中，位于_______。“仍然，还，已经”

B.for 与since区别: for +时间段since+ 时间点

I have lived in Changchun__________ two years.

I have been here__________7 o'clock.

用since和for填空

1. ______ two years

2._______ two years ago

3. _______ last month

4.______ 1999

5._______ yesterday

6. _______ 4 o’clock

7. ______ 4 hours 8._______ an hour 9. _______ we were children

10. _____ lunch time 11.______ she left here 12, _______ she was very young

13. _______ she was a child 14, _____ more than twenty years

三. have been in,have been to与have gone to的用法区别

（一）.have(has) been in 表示“在某地呆多长时间”，常与表示一段时间的状语连用，如：since, for, how long 等。例如：

Mr. Brown has been in Shanghai for three days. 布朗先生来上海已经有三天了。

此外还有这些搭配：have been here (there) /at home (school) /on the farm

have been here (there) / abroad

（二）.have(has)been to表示“曾经去过某地”，现在已经不在那里了。可与just, ever, never等连用，例如：

I have just been to the post office. 我刚才去邮局了。

Mary has never been to the Great Wall. 玛丽从未去过长城。

Have you ever been to Hangzhou? 你曾经去过杭州吗？

H ave(has) been to 后面可接次数，表示去过某地几次。例如：

I have been to Beijing three times. 我去过北京三次。

They have been to that village several times. 他们去过那个村庄好几次了。

（三）.have(has) gone to意为“到某地去了”，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中。总之，说话时该人不在现场，一般不用第一、第二人称代词作句子的主语。

例如：----Where is Tom? ----He has gone to the bookshop. 汤姆在哪里？他到书店去

Jack Johnson has gone to London. 杰克.约翰逊到伦敦去了。

练习

I. 用have(has) been 或have(has) gone 填空。

A: Where ____________ Li Fei ___________?

B: He ____________ to Hainan Island.

A: How long ___________ he ___________ there?

B: He _____________ there for three days.

A: When will he come back , do you know?

B: I’m afraid he won’t come back recently.

A: Could you tell me the way to Hainan Island?

B: Sorry, I _________ never ___________ there.

A: How many times ___________ Li Fei __________ to that place?

B: He _____________ there only once.

II. 用have/has been to/in, have gone to及go的各种形式填空。

1) Where is Jack? He __________ his country.

2) David ___________ the park just now.

3) John __________ England since he came back.

4) How long _________ have _________ this village?

5) The Smiths __________ Beijing for years.

6) ________ you ever _________ America? -- Yes, I _________ there many times.

7) I _________ this school since three years ago.

8) Where is Jim? He ________ the farm.

9) When________ he _________? He __________ an hour ago.

10) Would you like to _________ the zoo with me? ---Yes, but I _______ there before.

11) Where _________ you _________ now? --- I ___________ the zoo.

12) He often _________ swimming.

13) __________ you __________ there last year?

14) __________ they often __________ skating in winter?

四.注意

现在完成时中，非延续性动词不能与for和since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用，通常是用相应的延续性动词来代替。（就是说：有for或since 的句子里，一定不能是非延续性代词，必须是延续性动词）。例如：

borrow → keep,buy → have,begin/start → be on, die → be dead,join → be in/be a member of-，come/arrive → be here/in, come/get back → be back,go/leave → be away(from),marry → be married(to),

【练一练】

在现在完成时中，在与_______和________引导的表示一段时间的状语连用时，通常是用相应的__________

动词来代替__________.

例如：

borrow →___________,buy →_______________,begin/start →_____________, die →_______________,join →__________________，come/arrive →_____________ come/get back →_____________,go/leave →_____________,marry →_______________,

练习

1) The film began two minutes ago.

The film ____ ____ ____ for ____ ____.

2) I bought a pen two hours ago.

I _________ _________ a pen for ________ __________.

3) He left Fuzhou just now.

He _______ ________ ________ _________ Fuzhou for five minutes.

4)He came back two years ago.

He _________ __________ _________ for __________ __________.

5）He arrived Beijing five minutes ago.

He ________ _________ _________ Beijing for _________ _________.

①arrive at/in sw. get to/reach sw. come/go/move to sw.

→ be in sw./at school/at home/on the farm/be here/be there

1) He got to Beijing five minutes ago.

He ________ _________ _________ Beijing for _________ _________.

2) I moved to the USA last year.

I ________ ________ __________ the USA since __________ __________.

3) I went home yesterday.

I _______ ________ _________ home for _________ __________.

4) They came here last week.

They _________ _________ here since _________ __________.

②come/go back, return → be back come/go out → be out

1) He came out two years ago.

He _________ __________ _________ for __________ __________.

2) We return to Fuzhou yesterday.

We ________ ________ _________ to Fuzhou since __________.

③be come → be

1) I became a teacher in 2000.

I ________ __________ a teacher for _________ _________.

2) The river became dirty last year.

The river _________ _________ dirty for _________ __________.

④close → be closed ，open → be open

1) The shop closed two hours ago.

The shop ________ _________ _________ for _________ _________.

2) The door opened at six in the morning.

The door _____________ _______________ ________________ for six hours.

⑤get up → be up ，die → be dead

leave sw. → be away from sw.

fall asleep/get to sleep → be asleep

finish/end → be over marry → be married

1) I got up two hours ago.

I ________ ________ ________ since ________ ________.

2) He left Fuzhou just now.

He _______ ________ ________ _________ Fuzhou for five minutes.

3) My grandpa died in 2002.

My grandpa _______ _______ ________for _______ ________.

4) The meeting finished at six.

The meeting ________ ______ ______ for six hours.

5) I got to sleep two hours ago.

I ________ _________ _________ since _________ __________.

6) They married in 1990.

They ________ _________ __________since _________.

⑥start/begin to do sth. → do sth. begin → be on

1) I began to teach at this school in 1995.

I __________ ____________ at this school since ___________.

2) The film began two minutes ago.

The film ___________ ____________ _____________ for __________ ______________.

⑦borrow → keep ，lose → not have ，buy → have ，put on → wear

catch/get a cold → have a cold ，get to know → know

1) They borrowed it last week.

They _________ _________ it since __________ __________.

2) I bought a pen two hours ago.

I _________ _________ a pen for ________ __________.

3) I got to know him last year.

I _________ __________ him since __________ __________.

4) I put on my glasses three years ago.

I __________ __________ my glasses for _________ _________.

⑧have/has gone to → have been in

1) He has gone to Beijing.

He ________________ _____________ ______________ Beijing for two days.

⑨join the league/the Party/the army

→ be a league/a Party member/a soldier

→ be a member of the league/the Party

→ be in the league/the Party/the army

1) He joined the league in 2002.

He ________ _________ a _________ _________ for two years.

He ________ __________ a __________ ___________ the __________ for two years. He ____________ ___________ ___________ the league for two years.

2) My brother joined the army two years ago.

My brother __________ __________ a ___________ for ___________ ___________. My brother ___________ ___________ in ____________ ___________ for two years.

巩固练习

一．根据提示完成句子

1.他的爷爷去世三年了。

His grandfather ________three years ago.

His grandfather has_____ __________ _____3 years.

His grandfather has_____ __________ _____ 3 years ago.

2 你买这辆自行车有多长时间了？

How long have you_______the bike?

3 我买这本故事书三年了。

I ______this story book three years ago.

I have _______this story book________three years.

4.他参军十年了。

He ______the Army three years ago.

He has____ _______the Army ____ _______.

He has _____ a ______ _______the Army for 3 years.

5. 玛丽和约翰结婚有十年了。

Mary ________ to John ten years ago.

Mary_______ ________ _______ to John for ten years.

6.我入团2年了。

I __________ ___________ ___________ two years ago.

I __________ ___________ a ___________ ___________ for two years.

I __________ ___________ a ___________ of __________ _________ for two years.

I __________ ___________ ____________ the __________ for two years.

7. The film began two minutes ago.

The film ____ ____ ____ for ____ ____.

8. I bought a pen two hours ago.

I _________ _________ a pen for ________ __________.

9. He left Fuzhou just now.

He _______ ________ ________ _________ Fuzhou for five minutes.

10.He came back two years ago.

He _________ __________ _________ for __________ __________.

11.He arrived Beijing five minutes ago.

He ________ _________ _________ Beijing for _________ _________.

二．改错

1.Hurry up! They wait for us.

2.Are you remembering his name?

3. I’m liking the film very much.

4. I’ll be glad if it will snow soon.

5. Does she goes to school every day?

6. I have seen Betty yesterday

7. I didn’t see the headmaster for weeks.

8. He’s just gone out, isn’t he?

9. His grandpa has died for two weeks.

三．根据提示完成句子

1.他的爷爷去世三年了。

His grandfather ________three years ago.

His grandfather has_____ __________ _____3 years.

His grandfather has_____ __________ _____ 3 years ago.

2 你买这辆自行车有多长时间了？

How long have you_______ the bike?

3 我买这本故事书三年了。

I ______this story book three years ago.

I have _______ this story book ______three years ago.

4.他参军十年了。

He ______the Army three years ago.

He has____ _______the Army ____ _______.

He has _____ a ______ _______the Army for 3 years.

5. 玛丽和约翰结婚有十年了。

Mary ________ to John ten years ago.

Mary_______ ________ _______ to John for ten years.

四. 汉译英

1）这本字典我已买了三年了。

2）他离开中国三年了。

3）我认识他们五年了。

4）他们已去了美国五年了。

五．单项选择

（）1、Both his parents look sad . Maybe they _________what's happened to him .

Ａ. knew Ｂ. have known Ｃ. must know Ｄ.will know （）2、He has _______ been to Shanghai , has he ?

Ａ. already Ｂ.never Ｃ.ever Ｄ. still

（）4、The famous writer _____ one new book in the past two years .

Ａ. is writing Ｂ.was writing Ｃ.wrote Ｄ.has written （）5、—Our country ______ a lot so far .

—Yes . I hope it will be even ______ .

Ａ. has changed ; well Ｂ. changed ; good

Ｃ. has changed ; better Ｄ. changed ; better

（）6、Zhao Lan ______already ______in this school for two years .

Ａ. was ; studying Ｂ. will ; study

Ｃ. has ; studied Ｄ. are ; studying

（）7、We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl .

Ａ. know Ｂ. had known Ｃ. have known Ｄ. knew （）8、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_______ it twice .

Ａ. will see Ｂ. have seen Ｃ. saw Ｄ.see （）9、—These farmers have been to the United States .

—Really ? When _____ there ?

Ａ. will they go Ｂ. did they go

Ｃ. do they go Ｄ. have they gone

（）10、—______ you ___ your homework yet ?

—Yes . I _____ it a moment ago .

Ａ. Did ; do ; finished Ｂ. Have ; done ; finished

Ｃ. Have ; done ; have finished Ｄ. will ; do ; finish

（）11、His father ______ the Party since 1978 .

Ａ. joined Ｂ. has joined Ｃ. was in Ｄ. has been in （）12、—Do you know him well ?

—Sure .We _________ friends since ten years ago .

Ａ. were Ｂ. have been Ｃ. have become Ｄ. have made

（）13、—How long have you ____ here ?

—About two months .

Ａ. been Ｂ. gone Ｃ. come Ｄ. arrived

( )14、Hurry up! The play __________ for ten minutes .

Ａ. has begun Ｂ. had begun

Ｃ. has been on Ｄ. began

( )15、It _____ ten years since he left the army .

Ａ. is Ｂ. has Ｃ. will Ｄ. was

( )16、Miss Green isn't in the office . she_______ to the library .

Ａ.has gone Ｂ. went Ｃ.will go D. has been

( ) 17、My parents ______ Shandong for ten years .

Ａ. have been in Ｂ. have been to

Ｃ. have gone to Ｄ. have been

（）18、The students have cleaned the classroom, ?

A. so they

B. don’t they

C. have they

D. haven’t they

（）19、has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he to China?

A. How soon, comes

B. How often, got

C. How long, came

D. How far, arrived

（）20、His uncle for more than 9 years.

A. has come here

B. has started to work

C. has lived there

D. has left the university

过去完成时

一．【含义】

过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。如:

He asked if you had written to Peter. 他问你是否给Peter写信了。

二．【结构】

①基本形式:had + 过去分词。如:

We had reached the top of the hill before midnight.

在半夜之前我们已登上了山顶。

②否定形式:had + not + 过去分词。如:

They hadn’t finished the work when we got there.

我们到那儿时,他们还没有完成工作。

③一般疑问句形式:had提到句首,回答用Yes, 主语+ had. / No, 主语+ hadn’t.如:

—Had he told you to go there earlier yesterday?

他昨天告诉过你早点儿到那儿吗?

—Yes, he had. (No, he hadn’t.) 是的,他告诉了。(不,他没有。)

④. 被动语态形式：had + been + 过去分词。如：

When I got there, the windows had been broken. 当我到那儿时，窗户已经被打破了。

三．【用法】

①用在主句为一般过去时的宾语从句中。如:

My father asked me if I had finished reading that book. 爸爸问我是否读完那本书了。

②用在“after / before / when + 过去时态从句”或有“by+过去时间”的句子中。如:

Mother had already cooked supper before I returned home.

在我回到家前,妈妈已经把饭做好了。

③和由for或since 引导的、表示一段时间的短语或从句连用。如:

He had worked in that factory for five years before he moved here.

他搬到这儿前已经在那个厂子工作了五年。

<与其他时态间的联系与区别>

1. 与一般过去时：和一般过去时都可指动作发生在过去，但强调动作相对于过去某一时刻已经完成；而一般过去时则强调动作发生在过去某一时间或过去经常性、习惯性动作，需要特别注意的是：当动作附带yesterday、last year等过去时间状语时，应用一般过去时态。请区别：

By the end of last year, I had visited seven different cities.

截止到去年年底，我已经参观过七个不同的城市了。

We learned another English song last month. 上个月我们学了另一首英文歌曲。

2. 与现在完成时：现在完成时表示动作相对于现在已经完成，其标准对照时间点为现在；而表示动作相对于过去某一时刻前已完成，其标准对照时间点为过去。试比较：

I have been there twice. 我去过那儿两次。

I had been there twice before I went to school. 在我上学前，我去过那儿两次。

练习

I. 从下面各题所给的四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。

( )1. —Did you see Mr. Smith when you were in France?

—No, when I _____ France, he ______ to China.

A. had arrived, had gone

B. arrived to, went

C. got to, had gone

D. had got to, would go

( )2. Tom was disappointed that most of the guests _____ when he _____ at the party.

A. left, had arrived

B. left, arrived

C. had left, had arrived

D. had left, arrived

( )3. We ______ four thousand new words by the end of last year.

A. had learned

B. have learned

C. learned

D. will have learned

( )4. They asked me to have a drink with them. I said that it was at least ten years since I ______ a good drink.

A. had enjoyed

B. was enjoying

C. has enjoyed

D. had been enjoying

( )5. Catherine ______ the letter before her mother came into her bedroom.

A. has written

B. was written

C. had written

D. is writing

II. 用所给动词的正确形式填空。

1. Mary _____ already _____(try) the dress on before she bought it.

2. I was surprised to find that all my classmates _____(go) to the lab when I _____(get) to the classroom.

3. When she _____ (finish) her work in the office, Mrs. Smith left.

4. Mr. Feng _____ (teach) Unit 16 by the end of last week.

5. Mr. Smith _____(live) in Europe for fifteen years before he _____(go) to Australia.

Key

I. 1-5 CDAAC

II. 1. had; tried 2. had gone; got 3. had finished 4. had taught 5. had lived;

完成时态专练

1. He ___________（turn）off the light. We can leave now.

2. By the time we got to the cinema, the film ___________（begin）.

3. She ___________（finish）her homework before I left school.

4. My mother ___________（be）a teacher since 2003.

5. He told us that he ___________（give）the book to his brother.

6. I ___________（wash）all the clothes. So I can have a rest.

7. They ___________（stay）in China for a long time.

8. My father ___________（arrive）home before nine o’clock last night.

Key

1. has turned

2. had began

3. had finished

4. has been

5. had given

6. have washed

7. have stayed

8. had arrived

英语八种时态讲解

英语八种时态讲解-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1

英语八大基本时态和被动语态要点指南 英语八大基本时态 一、一般现在时 定义：经常、反复发生的动作、行为及现在的某种状况。 结构：①am（第一人称单数）/is（第三人称单数）/are（其他人称）; ②has (第三人称单数)have(其他人称) ③行为动词，除了第三人称单数要由动词原形词尾-s /-es /y变为i，-es; 其他概用动词原形 时间状语：always（“总是，一直”，反义词为never）, usually（“通常如此，很少例外”，反义词为unusually）, often（“经常、常常，动 作重复，但中有间断”，反义词为never）, sometimes（“有时、不 时，动作偶然，常有间断”）, seldom（“很少，不常”）, never （“从不，未曾”）, forever（永远）, every week (day, year, month…)（每周，每天，每年，每月…）, once a week（一周一次）, on Sundays（在每个星期天）,now and then(时常) from time to time (不时地)，in the morning(afternoon, evening…)(在上午，在下午，在 晚上…) etc. Tips：（频度副词频率由高到低）always> usually > often > sometimes >Seldom > never 通常说来，always表示100%，usually表 示80%，often表示60%，sometimes表示40%，seldom表示20%， never表示0%。 否定式：①am/is/are+ not;②谓语动词若为行为动词，则在动词前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。（即后边的行 为动词用原形） 一般疑问句：①把be动词放于句首，且用be动词回答；②用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。 用什么样助动词提问，就用相应助动词回答 用法：A) 表示现在发生的动作、情况或主语具有的状态和特征。 B) 习惯用语。 C) 经常性、习惯性动作。 D) 客观事实和普遍真理。尤其要注意，如果前后文不是一般现在时，则 无法保持主句、从句时态一致。 E) 表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作，（仅限于某些表示 “come、go、start、leave 、stay、arrive、return、begin、be”等的 动词）可以与表示未来时间的状语搭配使用。常见的用法是：飞 机、火车、轮船、汽车等定期定点运行的交通方式。 例：The next train leaves at 3 o'clock this afternoon. 下一趟火车今天下午3点开车。）

小学英语四种时态的综合讲解和练习.docx

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八种常用时态讲解

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once a week 等时间状语连用。 I always watch TV at 8:00 in the evening. They go home once a week. We usually do our homework at home. b)表客观现实或普遍真理。 The sun always rises in the east. The light travels faster than the sound. c)表永远性的动作或状态。 He lives in the country. 4）第三人称单数变化形式。 a)一般情况动词在词尾加-s . come---comes speak---speaks work---works live---lives b)以o, s, x, ch, sh结尾的单词在词后加-es. do---does go---goes finish---finishes brush---brushes fix---fixes pass---passes watch---watches c)以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的单词变y为i加-es. Study---studies carry-carries cry---cries d)以“元音字母＋y”结尾的单词直接加-s. play---plays stay---stays 例句：我们每天晚上九点做作业。

初中英语时态综合讲解(3)

第四讲初中英语时态综合讲解（2） 现在完成时 一、现在完成时定义： 1、表示过去发生的或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果； 2、也可表示动作或状态在过去已经开始，一直持续到现在的动作或状态，还有可能继续持续下去。 二、基本结构：主语+ have/has + 动词的过去分词+ 其他。 1、当主语是第三人称单数时用has,其余人称用have。 2、当have被用在现在完成时态中时，它可以和前面的代名词一起组成缩写形式。 3、现在完成时用not来表达否定形式。当有not出现的时候，have可以和not组成缩写，但是此时不能和前面的代名词组成缩写。 4、过去分词:规则动词的过去分词构成与动词过去式相同;不规则动词需要特殊记忆。 三、基本句式：否定式: 主语+ haven't/hasn't + 过去分词+ 其他。 疑问式: Have /Has + 主语+ 过去分词+ 其他? 简略答语: Yes, 主语+ have/has. (肯定) No, 主语+ haven't/hasn't. (否定) 四、基本用法： 1、动作发生在过去某个不确定的时间，但对现在有某种影响和结果。常被just、already、yet 等副词修饰。 如：(1)-Have you had lunch yet? 你（已经）吃午饭了吗？ -Yes,I have. I've just had it.我刚刚吃过。（现在我不饿了） (2)-I have already watched the TV play. 我已经看过这部电视剧了。 (3)-Have you found your lost pen yet?你找到丢失的钢笔了吗？ -No,I haven't found it yet.没，我还没有找到。 2、表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。这个动作可能刚停止，可能仍然在进行。常带有for 和since等表示一段时间的状语，多为延续性动词。 如：He has taught here since 1981.他自1981年就在这教书。(可能还要继续教) I haven't seen her for four years.我有四年没见到她了。 3、表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作，现在成为一种经验，一般译为汉语“过”，常带有twice, ever, never, three times等时间状语。 如：I have been to Beijing twice.我去过北京二次。 4、现在完成时的含义之一是过去完成的动作对现在仍有影响,用以下四大标志词可以表达这种含义: 以already, just和yet为标志：already, just和yet 表示到现在为止动作或状态已经、刚刚或还没有发生。 以ever和never为标志：ever和never 表示到现在为止动作或状态曾经或从来没有发生过。 以动作发生的次数为标志：若某一动作到现在为止已经发生了若干次,则要使用现在完成时。 以so far为标志：so far往往表示到目前为止动作或状态已经发生。 五、现在完成时的时间状语： For+一段时间（时间段） since+时间点或时间状语从句 so far (到目前为止，迄今为止) ever（曾经） never（从来不） just（刚刚） yet（还）

(完整版)一般将来时态讲解及练习和答案

1、概述 一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示将来的时间状语连用，如tomorrow, next week, next year等。 Why don’t you put the meat in the fridge? It will stay fresh for several days.为什么不把肉放在冰箱里？它可以保鲜好几天。 -You've left the light on. 你忘了关灯了。 - Oh , so I have. I'll go and turn it off. 噢，那我马上去关。 2、构成 一般将来时由“助动词will/shall+动词原形”构成。will用于第二、三人称，shall第一人称。在口语中，will在名词或代词后常缩写为'll，will not简缩为won’t[wount]。但在美国英语中，各种人称皆可用will。 He will help his sister with her lessons.他将帮助他妹妹做功课。 We won't be free this afternoon.今天下午我们没空。 3、一般将来时的用法 （1）表示未来的动作或存在状态，常与表示将来的时间状语连用，如tomorrow, next Sunday, soon, in a month, in the future等。 We shall leave for London next Monday.我们将在下周一去伦敦。 He will come to see you the day after tomorrow.后天他要来看你。 You will be 20 next year.明年你就二十了。 （2）表示将来反复发生的动作或习惯性动作 We shall come and work in this factory every year.我们将每年来这工厂参加劳动。 The students will have five English classes per week this term.本学期学生每周将要上五节英语课。 4、一般将来时的其他表达法 （1）“be going to+动词原形”表将来 ①这种结构表示打算、计划、决定要做的事或肯定要发生的事。 What are you going to do next Sunday? 下星期天你打算干什么？ They are going to meet outside the school gate.他们打算在校门口见面。 ②还可表示说话人根据已有的事实或迹象，认为某事即将发生、肯定会发生或可能出现的情况。 I think I'm going to die. 我想我要死了。(现在生命垂危) Look at the cloud. It’s going to rain.瞧那乌云，天要下雨了。(乌云密布，使我断定天要下雨) The ice is going to break.冰就要破了。 ③这种结构表示“肯定、预测，注定会”。在这种情况下可以和“think, hope, want, believe, like”等表示静态的动词连用。 He failed in the exam; he knew he was going to when he looked at the test paper.他没考及格，他一看试卷就知道考不及格。 The question is going to be very complex.这个问题将会很复杂。 The voters aren’t going to like him.选民们不会喜欢他的。 ④be going to 和will的区别 a. will表示说话人认为、相信、希望或假定要发生的事，不含任何具体的时间，可以指遥远的将来；而be going to 指有迹象表明某事即将发生或肯定发生，通常指很快就要发生的事情。 Listen to the wind. We are going to have a rough crossing.听那风声，我们横渡时一定困难很大。

英语8种时态讲解及练习

英语时态八种基本时态讲解及练习 一．概念：英语中表示不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态，需用不同的动词形式表示，这种不同的动词形式称为时态。 二．种类：（基本时态） 一般现在时一般过去时 现在进行时过去进行时 一般将来时过去将来时 现在完成时过去完成时 三．用法： 1）一般现在时表示经常发生或习惯性的动作或状态及客观现实和普遍真理。 一般现在时常以动词原形表示，但当主语是第三人称单数时，动词词尾加-s或-es。2）句型结构：主语＋Ｖ.（包括be动词）＋宾语＋… She is an engineer. He has breakfast at 6:00every day. 3）注意： a)一般现在时通常与always , often , usually , every day , sometimes , once a week等时间状 语连用。 I always watch TV at 8: 00 in the evening . They go home once a week . We usually do our homework at home . b)表客观现实或普遍真理。 The sun always rises in the east . The light travels faster than the sound . c)表永远性的动作或状态。 He lives in the country .

4）第三人称单数变化形式。 a)一般情况动词在词尾加-s . come---comes speak---speaks work---works live---lives b)以o, s, x, ch, sh结尾的单词在词后加-es. do---does go---goes finish---finishes brush---brushes fix---fixes pass---passes watch---watches c)以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的单词变y为i加-es. Study---studies carry-carries cry---cries d)以“元音字母＋y”结尾的单词直接加-s. play---plays stay---stays 例句：我们每天晚上九点做作业。 我在早上七点半起床。 他每天七点去上班。 我们经常下午打篮球。 他喜欢音乐。 地球围绕太阳转。 火车六点出发。 5）否定句和疑问句。 a)-----He is an engineer. -----He isn’t an engineer. -----Is he an engineer? -----Yes, he is ./ No, he isn’t. b)----We get up at 7:30 in the morning . -----We don’t get up at 7:30 in the morning . -----Do you get up at 7:30 in the morning ?

初一五种基本时态讲解及练习上课讲义

初一五种基本时态讲 解及练习

英语语法（时态） 几种简单时态： （1）一般现在时：表示现阶段经常或习惯发生动作或存在的状态，或说明主语特征。 ①一般现在时句子中常有的时间状语：ofte n,usually,sometimes,always,every （day等）,once/twice,a （week等）,on （Sunday 等）,never,in the （morning 等）。 女口：They go to the Palace Museum once a year（他们每年去一次故宫）/ They often discuss bus in ess in the eve ning（他们经常在晚上商谈生意） ②表示客观真理、事实、人的技能或现在状态时句子里一般不用时间状语。 女口：Our teacher said that the earth turns round the sun.（地球绕着太阳转）/ Light travels faster than sound .（光传播比声音快） ③表示十分确定会发生（如安排好的事情）或按照时间表进行的事情，用一般现在 可以表达将来，句子中可以有将来时间。 如: The train for Haikou leaves at 8 : 00 in the morning.（开往海口的列车上午8 点开车） ④在时间状语从句中（以when, after, before, while, until, as soon as等引导）和条件 状语从句中（以if,unless引导），用一般现在时代替一般将来时，句子可以有将来时 间。 女口：Please ring me up as soon as you arrive in Germany（你一至H德国就给我打电话）If it rains tomorrow,we will have to stay at home.（如果明天下雨我们只好呆在家） ⑤一般现在时用于倒装句中可以表示正在发生的动作，动词以come, go为主。 女口：Here comes the bus.（车来了）/ There goes the bell（铃响了）。 （2）一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或状态，这种动作或状态可能是一次性，也可能经常发生。 ① 表示过去具体时刻发生的一次性动作时，时间状语有：at （eight）（yesterday morning）, （ten minutes） ago, when弓丨导的时间状语从句。 女口：I got up at 6: 00 this morning.（我是早上六点钟起床的”

初中英语时态讲解练习

初中英语时态综合讲解训练 学习英语时态的意义： 英汉两种语言在时态表达方式上有很大的差异： 如，“他经常帮助我。”“他昨天帮助我了。”和“他一直在帮助我。”这三句话当中，汉语的动词“帮助”没有任何变化，而是用“经常”、“一直”和“昨天”分别表达出时间的区别。 英语就不同，它必须用动词本身的形态变化来完成任务。 He often helps me. 他经常帮助我。 He helped me yesterday. 他昨天帮助我了。 He has been helping me. 他一直在帮助我。 在这几句中，动词help的意义没有变化，但形态变了. 我们初中英语需要掌握多少个时态呢？ 一．初中英语常见的八种时态 1 一般现在时 1）经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。 时间状语：often ,usually, always, every day/week…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday。 例如：I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七点离开家。 提醒：当第三人称单数作主语时，别忘了动词的变化 He usually goes to school by bike. 2）客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。例如： The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕太阳转动。 Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国东部。 3）表示格言或警句。例如： Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。 注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。 例：Columbus proved that the earth is round. 哥伦布证实了地球是圆的。 2 一般过去时 1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。时间状语有：yesterday, yesterday morning/afternoon/evening, last week/month/year, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。 例如：Where did you go just now? 刚才你上哪儿去了？ 2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。 例如：When I was a child, I often played football in the street. 我是个孩子的时候，常在马路上踢足球。 Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome.