环球雅思词汇基础完整版
雅思写作中对词汇的要求
很多考生把词汇当成是雅思写作的一道难以逾越的鸿沟，那么雅思写作对词汇到底是什么要求？我们要掌握多少词汇量才能够达到雅思写作的标准呢？雅思考试要求考生的词汇量在8000以上，而这其中有三分之一指的是阅读中的一些高难词汇或专业词汇，对于我们写作而言，能够灵活高效地运用5000词汇就已足够。英文核心词（约2000左右）
首先，我们要来看一下雅思写作对于词汇的要求。
Lexical Resource
1. Accurateness
2. Authentic vocabulary
3. Variety
我们来一一分析者三点，第一点是准确性；第二点式地道词汇的使用；第三点是词汇多样性。
很多学生都是可以追求了第三点而忽视了第一和第二点。这直接导致的结果就是虽然作文中出现了一些水平比较高的词汇但是由于自己并不能用的得心应手结果出现适得其反的效果，把好的词汇用在了不恰当的地方.由于一心想要在词汇上标新立异，但是能标新立异的单词又不能准确运用，因此在写作过程中会浪费很多时间去思考. 有时候记不清楚但是不写出来似乎又不甘心，于是花更多时间去思考，或者写了一个认为是正确的实际上却写错的单词。而这些都是对分数有直接影响的。
大家要知道，大作文除了词汇要求，还有语法要求，和小作文相比，大作文更重要的是你有没有切题的观点和清晰的文章结构。在保证这两点的基础上再去思考词汇的出色应用才是正确的选择。就好比是你画一幅建筑设计图，没有框架，没有设计核心，你用的材料再好，也不会达到预期的目标。
所以我认为并不是词汇量少就一定写不出高分文章. 大家再复习考试时不要刻意的去追求词汇多样化. 熟练准确的运用单词比生拼硬凑好单词更重要。
雅思写作训练方法
1 精读仔细阅读范文，欣赏并标出精彩的用词和句型，体会上下文中
表达的精妙，提高对精彩语言的敏感度，要多写，多记。
2 背诵背精彩词汇，背精彩句型，背精彩句子，背精彩框架，背精彩
段落，通过背诵完成从欣赏到掌握的过程，别人的变成自己的。
3 默写将背过的句子，段落默写下来，检查核对，看看是否精确掌握
了每一个词汇。Reading makes a full man writing makes an exact man
4 互译英文----中文; 中文------英文，---与原文核查核对，发现自己
不足，纠正提高。使自己逐步写出规范的语言达到和原文作者相似的水平。
5 效仿在范文中学到的单词，词组，句型，框架放在新的语境下模仿
创作，造句写作。在新的作文中保留一定闪光点。
雅思写作必背200句！
一、词汇篇
1．常用连词
1、并列连词&连接副词：and，but，or，yet；however，nevertheless，instead，in contrast，on the other hand，whereas，whilst，while，therefore，as a result，thus，hence，consequently，besides，moreover，at the same time，in addition，furthermore, additionally，what’s more…；
e.g.
He loved swimming when he was a small boy and at eight he became a member of the diving team in Guangdong Province.
I don’t know about othe rs, but I used to have to work even at weekends doing endless homework and attending classes as well.
I don’t know about others, but I used to have to work even at weekends doing endless homework and attending classes as well.
2.表示转折关系的连接词语有：but, yet, while, however, on the contrary, whereas, on the other hand, in spite of, nevertheless, although, otherwise 等
e.g.
On the other hand, 40% of the people think that fees should be charged because money is needed to pay gardeners and other workers.
While they were working, my sister walked to a river nearby.
3.表示因果关系的连接词：for, so, therefore, as a result, because of, due to, owing to, thanks to, on account of等
4.表示时间顺序的连接词：at first, first, second…, then, next, later, meanwhile, in the end, finally, after that, since then, for the first time, at last, eventually, as soon as, the next moment，shortly after, for one thing, for another thing 等
e.g.
After that I went to No.6 Middle School of Dalian and graduated this summer.
The next moment the car hit the man while he was crossing the road。
5.表示空间顺序的连接词：on the right, to the left, on one side of,…, on the other side of…. At the foot\top\end\ of…, in the middle\center of…,等
e.g.
On one side of the road there is a new classroom building. On the other side, where the playground used to be now, stands another new building—our library
In it there are all kinds of books, newspapers and magazines.
6.表示解释说明的连接词：that is (to say), in other words, such as, for example\instance, namely, actually, to tell you the truth according to this ,and so on 等
e.g.
I can follow my own interests such as reading books, visiting museums and taking computer lessons.
In other words, I love my hometown and the people there.
7.表递进关系的连接词：what’s more\worse\better, besides, in addition, worse still, to
make things worse, moreover, furthermore, above all；
e.g.
In the evenings I can watch news on TV or read newspapers. What’s more, I can go to bed earlier.
In addition to meeting the need of markets at home, its products are shipped to many countries.
Private cars are cheap and, moreover, it can improve our life.
8.表示总结的连接词：in short, in brief, in a word, in general, as you know, as far as I know ,on the whole, to sum up等
e.g.
In short, things have begun to improve since schools were called on to reduce the learning load.
In a word, great changes have taken place in our village.
连接词在文章中起着重要作用，千万不可忽视！
2．同义词替换
采取措施解决问题？
Take effective/practical actions/measures/steps to address/ solve/ resolve/ deal with/ cope with/ handle/ tackle the serious problem
The monkey's most extraordinary accomplishment was learning to operate a tractor. By the age of nine, the monkey had learned to solo on the vehicle.
译文：这只猴子最了不起的成就是学会驾驶拖拉机。到九岁的时候，这只猴子已经学会了单独表演驾驶拖拉机了。tractor和vehicle在句中显然都表示"拖拉机"，英语表达上有变化，而译成汉语时使用了重复表达法。
热情的、好客的“hospitable”--- amiable、cordial、 generous、gracious;要
在我看来“in my opinion”--- for my part, from my own perspective, as far as I am concerned, as to me, according to my knowledge / experience
事情“thing” --- phenomenon, issue, affair, business, incident, matter, consequence,
愈来愈多“more and more”increasing (ly), growing
e.g.
The use of computers has gained growing popularity.
Studying abroad is increasingly popular with the advancement of our society.
★高频形容词：
1. 贫穷的：poor = needy = impoverished = poverty-stricken
2. 富裕的：rich = wealthy = affluent = well-to-do = well-off
3. 优秀的：excellent = eminent = top = outstanding
4. 积极的，好的：good = conducive = beneficial=advantageous
5. 消极的，不良的：bad = detrimental = baneful =undesirable
6. 明显的：obvious = apparent = evident =manifest
7. 健康的: healthy = robust = sound = wholesome
8. 惊人的：surprising = amazing = extraordinary = miraculous
9. 美丽的：beautiful = attractive = gorgeous = eye-catching
10. 有活力的：energetic = dynamic = vigorous =animated
11. 流行的：popular = prevailing = prevalent = pervasive
★高频动词：
1. 提高，加强：improve = enhance= promote = strengthen = optimize
2. 引起：cause = trigger = endanger
3. 解决：solve =resolve =address = tackle =cope with = deal with
4. 拆除：destroy = tear down = knock down = eradicate
5. 培养: develop = cultivate = foster = nurture
6. 激发，鼓励：encourage = motivate = stimulate = spur
7. 认为：think = assert = hold = claim = argue
8. 完成：complete = fulfill = accomplish= achieve
9. 保留：keep = preserve = retain = hold
10. 有害于：destroy = impair = undermine = jeopardize
11. 减轻: ease = alleviate = relieve = lighten
★高频名词：
1. 影响：influence= impact
2. 危险：danger = perils =hazards
3. 污染：pollution = contamination
4. 人类：human beings= mankind = humane race
5. 老人：old people= the old = the elderly = the aged = senior citizens
6. 幸福：happiness = cheerfulness = well-being
7. 老师：teachers = instructors = educators = lecturers
8. 教育：education = schooling = family parenting = upbringing
9. 青少年：young people = youngsters = youths = adolescents=the younger generation
10. 优点：advantage = merits = superiority = virtue
11. 责任：responsibility = obligation = duty = liability
12. 能力：ability = capacity = power = skill
13. 职业：job = career = employment = profession
14. 娱乐：enjoyment = pastimes = recreation= entertainment
15. 孩子：children = offspring = descendant = kid
★高频短语：
1. 充满了：be filled with = be awash with = be inundate with = be saturated with
2. 努力：struggle for = aspire after = strive for = spare no efforts for
3. 从事：embark on = take up = set about = go in for
4. 在当代: in contemporary society = in present-day society= in this day and age
5. 大量的: a host of = a multitude of = a vast number of = a vast amount of
同意替换练习
1. positive, favorable, rosy (美好的)，promising (有希望的)，perfect, gorgeous, pleasurable, desirable, expected, excellent, outstanding 代替good
He is a good student.
The government’s action did not achieve any good results.
2. dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse (有害的), undesirable, shocking, 代替bad
如果bad做表语，可以用be less impressive代替
An army of college students indulge themselves in playing games, enjoying romance with girls / boys or killing time passively in their dorms. When it approaches to graduation, as a result, they find their academic records are bad.
3. (an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of, numerous, hundreds of, dozens of,
a handful of, a variety of, many, if not most) 代替many.
注：用many, if not most 一定要小心，many后一定要有词。
Many individuals harbor the idea that the only way to relieve traffic hold-up is to limit private cars.
4. harbor the idea that, take the attitude that, hold the view that, it is widely shared that, it is universally acknowledged / believed / held / accepted that) 代替think (因为是书面语，所以要加that)
Many people, if not most, think that watching too much TV leaves no space for conversation and communication between family members.
5. phenomenon, issue, affair, business, incident, matter, consequence, 代替thing What is the thing that you are engaging in recently?
6. widely shared / held / accepted 代common
It is a common knowledge that advertisement is the most useful way to give products the utmost publicity.
7. for my part, from my own perspective, as far as I am concerned, as to me, according to my knowledge / experience 代替in my opinion
In my opinion, the prevalence of advertising in our modern society and its inimical effects on the youth of today must be cured.
8. Increasing (ly), growing 代替more and more 注意没有growingly 这种形式。所以当修饰名词时用increasing / growing.修饰形容词，副词用increasingly.
TV has been playing a more and more essential role in most families after work.
9. be beneficial for / to, rewarding 代替helpful, be good for
Some TV programs are quite helpful for their children’s mental development. 10．exceedingly, extremely 代替very
This is a very important issue.
11 hardly unnecessary, hardly inevitable, indispensable 代替necessary, inevitable Finding a job after graduation is an inevitable trend for many, if not most college students. (用双重否定)
12 sth. appeals to sb., sth. exerts a tremendous fascination on sb., sb. takes interest in, be engrossed in 代替sb. is interested in
After entering preliminary school, my son was interested in Physics.
13. capture / draw one's attention代替attract one's attention.
The actor’s excellent performance attracted my attention.
14. be indicative of, be suggestive of, be fearful of 代indicate, suggest ,fear
His behavior suggests that he is a cultured man.
15. give rise to, drive, lead to, result in, trigger 代替cause.
Smoking may cause lung cancer.
16. desire, wish, expect, be eager to 代替want.
My brother and sister-in-law want to have a baby.
17. enjoy, possess, boast, claim 代替have
Hangzhou has a famous lake in China, namely, the West Lake.
18. to name only a few, take sth. as an example, an example can be identified in / with, sth. serve as an example 代替for example, for instance.
For example, the wide application of robots may well lead to a dramatic increase in unemployment rates around the world.
3．高级词汇
4．词汇记忆技巧
1）发音规则记忆法
它就是按照元音字母、元音字母组合、辅音字母及辅音字母组合在开音节和闭音节的发音规律记忆。例如：ea，ee的发音基本上固定为［i：］。还有些固定的字母组合，例如：sh发［∫］，ch发［t∫］，ly发［li］和各种前缀、后缀，如：a-，re-，un-，dis-，im-；-ed，-ing，-ly，-er，-or，-ful，-y等都有其比较固定的发音。
2）字母变化记忆法
英语单词中以某个单词为基础，加、减、换、调一个字母就成了另一个新单词。例如：
1.前面加字母。例如：now--know，air-hair，
2.后面加字母。例如：rule—ruler , see--seed
3.中间加字母。例如：though---through，tree---three，
4.减字母。例如：，hand—and, dash--ash
5.换字母。例如：fire---hire ,may—mat
6.调换字母顺序。例如：blow--- bowl，sing ---- sign，
7.找字母组单词。例如：将honest中的字母任意组合，可找出on nest est hot host
等单词。
3）联想记忆法
?在日常生活中可以根据所处的场景环境，所见到、听到的事物的英语单词，联想相关的英语单词。例如：
看到毛巾会联想到:sweat basin sink 等等；
吃饭时联想到：chopsticks, dining-room，bowl等等；
睡觉时联想到：pillow，bed sheet，lamp，fast asleep等等。
4）归类记忆法
在记忆过程中，把所学到的全部单词进行归纳、分类、整理，使其条理清晰，一目了解，然后再分别记忆。例如：
1.按题材分类。例如：
把名词分为生活用品、动物、植物、水果、食物、家庭成员、人体各部位、学习用具、学科、交通工具、地方场所、星期、月份、季节等；
把动词分为系动词、助动词、行为运动词和情态动词，等等。
同时也可根据一定的话题展开，如：谈论工作学习，谈及家庭，节日，电影类型等。
2.按同音词分类。例如：flower—flour ,see－sea，meet－meat
3.按形近词分类。例如：night—light/right , these-those/there
4.按同义词分类。例如：cute-lovely，hard－difficult，begin－start
5.按反义词分类。例如：turn-on----turn-off，true--false，open--close
6.按读音分类。例如：字母组合ea在eat，meat，teacher中读［i：］；而在bread，ready，heavy中读［e］；在great，break中读［ei］。这样不仅单词记住了，而且读音也掌握了
7 按发音易混淆分类。例如 tree-train
5）构词记忆法
英语构词法主要有以下三种情况：
1.派生法。这种方法就是在一个词根的基础上加上一个前缀或后缀，从而构成另一个新词，并且与该词根的含义有着密切的联系，此类词便称为派生词。如常用的前缀in-，im-，un-，dis-等表示否定含义；后缀-er，-or，-ist等表示人；以及后缀-y，-ly，-ful等表示形容词性等。如：able－unable，teach－teacher，slow－slowly等。
例如：尾缀-ish 使。。。被 (有时表现为形容词) 公式：-ish = 使sb/sth 被-ish = 使 sb/sth *化
例：banish = 使sb/sth 被禁止 = 放逐
例：astonish = 使 sb/sth 石化 = 震惊
banish vt.流放, 驱逐, 消除
astonish vt.使惊讶
publish v.出版, 刊印 vt.公布, 发表
childish adj.孩子气的, 幼稚的
girlish adj.少女的, 少女似的(男孩), 适于女子的
2.合成法。这种方法就是把两个或几个各自独立的单词并到一起组成一个新的单词，由此法构成的单词便称为合成词或复合词。如：head master toothache 等。
3.转化法。这种方法就是在不改变拼写形式的基础上，由一种词性转化为另一种词性，主要有名词转化为动词、动词转化为名词、形容词转化为动词或名词等。如：cook（n.厨师）cook（v. 烹调），drink(n.饮料) drink ( v.喝),同时还可注意单复数同型及变化的单词。如：sheep—sheep foot—feet
二、句子篇
1)简单句
2)并列句
3)复合句
4)并列复合句
◆流畅、重点突出
◆使句子看起来长一些
◆使信息量更丰富
◆有韵律感、节奏感
1.1 简单句
一个独立的句子
一个主语（可以是并列主语）
一个谓语（可以是并列谓语）。
例如：人们变得越来越自私和贪婪。
People are becoming increasingly selfish and greedy.
People have become increasingly self-centered and greedy
旅游者有机会体验一种完全不同的文化。
Tourists have chance to experience a completely （entirely / totally）
different culture.
1.2 并列句
两个或以上独立分句
并列连词或连接性副词
各分句主谓完整
各分句意思同等重要，互相独立
常用连词
and，but，or，neither…nor，yet
常用的连接副词：
however，therefore，nevertheless，as a result，instead，thus，in contrast，at the same time，on the other hand，consequently，in addition，furthermore 例如：传统印刷的书籍不会被电子图书所取代，正如快餐不会取代传统食物一样。
P-books will not be replaced by e-books, nor will fast food replace
traditional food.
把小孩送到寄宿学校是个好主意，但是对于许多家庭而言，它是个奢
侈的梦想。
Sending children to study in a boarding school is a good idea but it is a
luxury to many families.
许多广告确实提供了有关产品的重要信息，然而，其中一些却是误导人
的和带有欺骗性的广告。
Many ads do give important information about products；however，some
of them are merely misleading and cheating.
1.3 复合句
一个主句和一个或多个从句
主句表达主要意思
从句表达次要意思
优点：主次分明、
避免过多使用独立的简单句或并列句
减少不必要的重复
表达更加简练和完整
例如：采取有效的措施来结束日益恶化的空气污染势在必行。
imperative
put an end to
It is imperative that some actions should be taken to put an end to the worsening air pollution.
1.4 并列复合句
一个并列句中的一个或更多的分句包含一个或更多从句。
例如：确实，奥运会能够增进友谊和促进主办国经济的发展，但这并非意味着奥运会是完美无缺的。
It is true that…
promote / boost / improve
It is true that the Olympic Games can promote friendship and boost
the economy of the host country，but this is not to say that they are
without disadvantages.
1)名词性从句：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句
2)形容词性从句（定语从句）
3)副词性从句（状语从句）
1)不定式
2)动名词
3)现在分词
4)过去分词
优点：使句子更正式、更简洁、更学术化
1)插入语
2)倒装
3)强调句
4)修辞手段：使语言生动具体
5)双重否定
4.1
常见的插入语有形容词(词组)、副词、不定式、现在分词短语、介词短语、从句以及固定短语。
Worse still, the lion could even carry off the baby in its mouth.(adj) Honestly, I don't need it at the moment. (adv)
He likes the country, especially in spring. (adv)
To make things worse, many of the men have gone off to cities in search of higher pay. (Infinitive)
Judging from appearance, he seems to be a strong man. (pp)
In a way, I think we both won in the game. (preposition phrase)
You are always welcome, if convenient, to be a guest in my house. (clause)
4.2 倒装句表示地点，位置，范围，处所的状语或标语提前至句首，be动词前后置换
My sister is among those students.
Among those students is my sister.
表否定的副词或短语+助动词+主语+谓语+其他成分
No/not/never/neither/nor/seldom/rarely/barely/scarcely/hardly
Never will I form an idea that bicycles affect human bei ngs’ life style most profoundly among all transportation means.
Seldom did I visit my grandparents with my patents since I lived in a different city.
only+状语至于句首+助动词+主语+谓语+其他成分
Only through this crisis do I understand that you love me best in the world.
Only through learning at home by using the internet can we explore the widest range of sources of information.
4.3 强调句型
It is/was +被强调部分+that/who…
It is because she is too inexperienced that she does not know how to deal with the serious situation.
她不知道如何应对这种严重情况是因为她太缺乏经验了。
汽车和工厂排放大量的废气，使得环境被污染。
It is cars and factories that release a great deal of gases, polluting the environment.
是音乐给了我快乐，是音乐给了我希望。
It is the music that gives me pleasure; it is the music that gives me hope.
我们期望在合适的地点合适的时间遇到合适的人。
It is at the right place and at the right time that we are supposed to meet the right person.
4.4 修辞手法
A．修辞问句
If scientists can clone sheep, why cannot they clone people?
When human beings enjoy their happy life, isn’t it necessary that they give some consideration to those cute animals without enough playing ground?
B. 修辞
1.Simile 明喻
明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比.这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性.
标志词常用like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等.
例如:
1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow.
2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud.
3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale.
2.Metaphor 隐喻,暗喻
隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成.
例如:
1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper.
2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed
and digested.
4.5 双重否定
He will not do it for nothing
他不会无缘无故做这件事。（他做这件事定有企图。）
Whenever I see the film, I will be moved to tears(平淡)
I cannot/never see the film with out being moved to tears。（强调）
There is no success without hardships
没有磨难，就没有胜利。（没有经历暴雨，那有彩虹。）
Not a student has access to the library without showing his student card
不出示学生证，就进入不了图书馆。
1)Smoking, it is believed, is responsible for 30per cent of all deaths from cancer
and clearly represents the most important preventable cause of cancer in countries like the United States today.
2)Never before has the planet’s linguistic diversity shrunk at such a pace.
3)World science is dominated today by a small number of languages, including
Japanese, German and French, but it is English that is probably the most popular global language of science.
4) A child develops best when，like a young plant，he is left undisturbed in the
same soil. Too much travel，too much variety of impressions are not good for the young and cause them as they grow up to become incapable of enduring fruitful monotony.
5)Will the use of robots bring dangers for humans?
◆Robots are playing an increasingly important role in many industry and
scientific fields, and other intelligent machines like robots will be put to
action and do many things for humans in the future. However, some people
say the wide use of robots will also bring a lot of dangers for us.
◆What is your opinion? Do you think it is a blessing or a curse?
Original Answer (原创范文)
Nowadays, some people believed that robots serve an increasingly vital part in our lives, as they have been widely used in many industrial and scientific fields.
Others argue that the extensive use of robots may also cause troubles for our humans. In my opinion, robots can bring us both and risks, depending on how we use them.
To start with, robots have brought about several outstanding advantages to mankind. First, with the use of robots, people can be freed from the heavy workload required by industrial mass-production. In this way, a lot of human labor has been saved, enabling humans to devote more time and energy to some creative and challenging work. …
On the other hand, although human life seems far less convenient without the use of robots, the threats they tend to pose on our society, as may people have pointed out, are not groundless at all. …
In conclusion, although it is quite necessary to get robots involved in industrial production, scientific researches and our modern life, we cannot afford to neglect the potential dangers that they may produce to the world. In other words, people must be on high alert when using and dealing with robots because they are faster,
psychically stronger and becoming smarter and smarter than our humans.
1）Where there is a will, there is a way.
Where there is any trouble, there is always my sincere help.
2）Impossible is nothing.
Failure is nothing.
Misfortune is nothing.
Frustration is nothing.
Challenge is nothing.
3）Lif e is like a box of chocolate; you’ll never know what you are going to get.
Life is like a journey, you can never tell what you are going to meet.
Life is like a train that takes me to a village, to a town, to a city, and to the place where I belong.
4）As long as we work hard, we will achieve success.
As long as we are diligent enough, we will achieve success at last.
Harder as we try, success arrives.
Efforts made, success gained
句子基本结构
They laughed. S十V
They were listening to a story. S十V十O
No one offered me a seat. S十V十Oi十Od
They made me rather unhappy. S十V十O十C
The story seemed very funny. S十V十C
1）She is not only pretty but also nice.
She is not only the songs that summer sings, but also the wind that autumn brings. 2）She is very important to me.
She is my eyes when I cannot see; she is my voice when I cannot speak.
3）I am offering my gratitude.
I am offering my undying gratitude.
It is held that everyone is born equal.
It is firmly held that everyone is born equal.
She is beautiful.
She is deliciously beautiful.
4）You are supposed to tell the truth.
You are supposed to tell the truth, the whole truth, nothing but the truth.
5）主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，定语从句
最吸引我的地方就是他的内在。
What fascinates me most is what he has from within.
大部分售货员都相信以穿着来判断顾客。
Most shopping assistants judge their customers by their clothing.
Most shopping assistants believe that customers are what they wear.
政府应该言必行，行必果。
What a government says should be what it does, and what it does should show what it brings.
从前有座山，山上有座庙，庙里有个老和尚，再给小和尚讲故事。
Once there was a mountain. On the top of the mountain, there was a temple. Inside the temple, there was an old monk. The old monk was telling a story to a young monk. Once there was a mountain, on top of which there was a temple, inside which there was an old monk, who was telling a story to the young.
1.海伦是我所看过最美丽的女孩。
张老师是我曾经遇到最仁慈的教师。
二、Nothing is + ~~~ er than to + V
Nothing is + more + 形容词 + than to + V
例句：Nothing is more important than to receive education.
没有比接受教育更重要的事。
三、~~~ cannot emphasize the importance of ~~~ too much.
（再怎么强调...的重要性也不为过。）
例句：We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much. 我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。
四、There is no denying that + S + V ...（不可否认的...）
例句：There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse.
不可否认的，我们的生活品质已经每况愈下。
五、It is universally acknowledged that + 句子~~ （全世界都知道...）
例句：It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us. 全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的。
六、There is no doubt that + 句子~~ （毫无疑问的...）
例句：There is no doubt that our educational system leaves something to be desired.
毫无疑问的我们的教育制度令人不满意。
七、An advantage of ~~~ is that + 句子（...的优点是...）
例句：An advantage of using the solar energy is that it won't create (produce) any pollution.
使用太阳能的优点是它不会制造任何污染。
八、The reason why + 句子 ~~~ is that + 句子（...的原因是...）
例句：The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can provide us
with fresh air.
The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can supply fresh air for us.
我们必须种树的原因是它们能供应我们新鲜的空气。
九、So + 形容词 + be + 主词 + that + 句子（如此...以致于...）
例句：So precious is time that we can't afford to waste it.
时间是如此珍贵，我们经不起浪费它。
十、Adj + as + Subject（主词）+ be, S + V~~~ （虽然...）
例句：Rich as our country is, the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory.
{by no means = in no way = on no account 一点也不}
虽然我们的国家富有，我们的生活品质绝对令人不满意。
十一、The + ~er + S + V, ~~~ the + ~er + S + V ~~~
The + more + Adj + S + V, ~~~ the + more + Adj + S + V ~~~（愈...愈...）例句：The harder you work, the more progress you make.
你愈努力，你愈进步。
The more books we read, the more learned we become.
我们书读愈多，我们愈有学问。
十二、By +Ving, ~~ can ~~ （借着...，..能够..）
例句：By taking exercise, we can always stay healthy.
借着做运动，我们能够始终保持健康。
十三、~~~ enable + Object（受词）+ to + V （..使..能够..）
例句：Listening to music enables us to feel relaxed.
听音乐使我们能够感觉轻松。
十四、On no account can we + V ~~~ （我们绝对不能...）
例句：On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge.
我们绝对不能忽略知识的价值。
十五、It is time + S + 过去式（该是...的时候了）
例句：It is time the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems.
该是有关当局采取适当的措施来解决交通问题的时候了。
十六、Those who ~~~ （...的人...）
例句：Those who violate traffic regulations should be punished.
违反交通规定的人应该受处罚。
十七、There is no one but ~~~ （没有人不...）
例句：There is no one but longs to go to college.
没有人不渴望上大学。
十八、be + forced/compelled/obliged + to + V （不得不...）
例句：Since the examination is around the corner, I am compelled to give up doing sports.
既然考试迫在眉睫，我不得不放弃做运动。
十九、It is conceivable that + 句子（可想而知的）
It is obvious that + 句子（明显的）
It is apparent that + 句子（显然的）
例句：It is conceivable that knowledge plays an important role in our life. 可想而知，知识在我们的一生中扮演一个重要的角色。
二十、That is the reason why ~~~ （那就是...的原因）
例句：Summer is sultry. That is the reason why I don't like it.
夏天很燠热。那就是我不喜欢它的原因。
二十一、For the past + 时间，S + 现在完成式...（过去...年来，...一直...）例句：For the past two years, I have been busy preparing for the examination.
过去两年来，我一直忙着准备考试。
二十二、Since + S + 过去式，S + 现在完成式。
例句：Since he went to senior high school, he has worked very hard. 自从他上高中，他一直很用功。
二十三、It pays to + V ~~~ （...是值得的。）
例句：It pays to help others.
帮助别人是值得的。
二十四、be based on （以...为基础）
例句：The progress of thee society is based on harmony.
社会的进步是以和谐为基础的。
二十五、Spare no effort to + V （不遗余力的）
We should spare no effort to beautify our environment.
我们应该不遗余力的美化我们的环境。
二十六、bring home to + 人 + 事（让...明白...事）
例句：We should bring home to people the value of working hard.
我们应该让人们明白努力的价值。
二十七、be closely related to ~~ （与...息息相关）
例句：Taking exercise is closely related to health.
做运动与健康息息相关。
二十八、Get into the habit of + Ving
= make it a rule to + V （养成...的习惯）
We should get into the habit of keeping good hours.
我们应该养成早睡早起的习惯。
二十九、Due to/Owing to/Thanks to + N/Ving, ~~~ （因为...）
例句：Thanks to his encouragement, I finally realized my dream.
因为他的鼓励，我终于实现我的梦想。
三十、What a + Adj + N + S + V!= How + Adj + a + N + V!（多么...！）
例句：What an important thing it is to keep our promise!
How important a thing it is to keep our promise!
遵守诺言是多么重要的事！
三十一、Leave much to be desired （令人不满意）
例句：The condition of our traffic leaves much to be desired.
我们的交通状况令人不满意。
三十二、Have a great influence on ~~~ （对...有很大的影响）
例句：Smoking has a great influence on our health.
抽烟对我们的健康有很大的影响。
三十三、do good to （对...有益），do harm to （对...有害）
例句：Reading does good to our mind.读书对心灵有益。
Overwork does harm to health.工作过度对健康有害。
三十四、Pose a great threat to ~~ （对...造成一大威胁）
例句：Pollution poses a great threat to our existence.
污染对我们的生存造成一大威胁。
三十五、do one's utmost to + V = do one's best （尽全力去...）例句：We should do our utmost to achieve our goal in life.
我们应尽全力去达成我们的人生目标。
一、判断改错
(错) They sat down and talk about something.
(错) They started to dance and sang.
(错) I saw two men sitting behind and whisper there.
(对) They sat down and talked about something.
(对) They started to dance and sing.
(对)I saw two men sitting behind and whispering there.
(错) We will die without air and water.
(错) We can't live without air or water.
(对) We will die without air or water.
(对) We can't live without air and water.
二、并列句翻译
.他喜欢踢足球，并且踢得很好。
He likes playing football and he plays well.
2.去年我和凯特相遇，我们成了朋友。
Last year l met Kate and we became friends.
3.它没有嘴巴，但是它会说话。
It has no mouth, but it can talk.
4.学校放学了，可是老师们仍然在工作。
School is over, yet all the teachers are still working.
5.他想当作家，而我则想当科学家。
He wants to be a writer, while I want to be a scientist.
6.雨下得很大，然而我们必须出去。
It's raining hard, however, we must go out.
7.现在你可以休息，或者去看电影。
Now you can have a rest or you can go to the cinema．
8.你必须说真话，否则你将会受到惩罚。
You must tell the truth，or you will be punished．
9.他有许多好朋友，因为他是个诚实的人。
He has many good friends, for he is an honest man.
10.李老师回家乡去了，所以王老师替他的课。
Mr. Li went to his hometown, so Mr. Wang was taking his class instead．
11.动脑筋，你就会想出办法来。
Use your head, and you will find a way．
12.努力学习，否则你就会落于别人。
Study hard, or you Will fall behind the others．
13.不只是一个，而是我们全体都受到邀请。
Not only one but also all of us were invited.
14.要么你来做，要么我请其他人来做。
Either you do it, or I ask for somebody else to do it.
15. 汤姆和杰克都没有完成作业。
Neither Tom nor Jack has finished the homework.
16.当心你讲的话，否则你会后悔的。
Be careful about what you say or you may regret it.
17.他既不抽烟也不喝酒。
Neither does he smoke nor does he drink.
18.要抓住机会，否则你会后悔的。
Seize the chance, otherwise you will regret it.
19.不仅学生，而且他们的老师都误了校车。
Not only the students but also the teacher has missed the school bus.
20.他让我这样做，于是我就这样做了。
He told me to do it, so I did it.
三、复合句翻译
1.他说他要戒烟，但没人相信。
He said that he would give up smoking, but nobody believed it.
2.电脑越来越先进，以至于没有人知道100年后电脑会是什么样。
Computer is more and more advanced and nobody knows what it will be like in 100 years.
3.有人告诉我们下星期举办英语晚会，但我们既不知道具体地点，也不知道准确的时间。
We’ve been told that there is going to be an English evening next week, but we don’t know the exact time and the place.
4.晚会的时间和地点倒是无关紧要，而谁是晚会的主持人倒是非常关键。
It makes no difference when and where we’ll have the party, it but matters a l ot who will host it.
5.他们生产的轿车省油，价格也合理。
The cars they make not only save oil but also have a reasonable price.
6. 我买了台新电脑，这台电脑很先进但很贵，是日本产的。
I bought a new computer yesterday and it is a modern but expensive one, which was made in Japan.
5.他们生产的轿车省油，价格也合理。
The cars they make not only save oil but also have a reasonable price.
6. 我买了台新电脑，这台电脑很先进但很贵，是日本产的。
I bought a new computer yesterday and it is a modern but expensive one, which was made in Japan.
7.我父亲常说，骑自行车上下班对身体很有好处，而且不污染空气。
My father often told me that going to work and coming home by bike is a good way to take exercise and that riding a bicycle doesn’t make the air dirty.
8.我们得知展览会原定在今天，但是已经延期到下周。
We were told that the exhibition was planed for today but it has been postponed to next week.
环球雅思基础口语精讲班第17讲讲义
雅思基础口语精讲班第 17讲讲义 经历类话题 经历类话题 经历类话题是最近出现频率较高的卡片话题。相对于爱好兴趣类话题, 描述一件或开心或激动的经历, 难度要大一些。这类话题涉及到具体的事件,考生最后在备考时应精心准备一些素材,有吸引人之处,也要容易叙述。这类话题通常不在第一阶段出现,只在第二阶段卡片部分有所涉及,第三阶段会围绕这个事件做深度探讨。 第二阶段相关的卡片包括: Describe an interesting/unusual thing you did in your free time; Describe a piece of good advice you accepted; Describe a three-day holiday; Describe a piece of interesting news that impressed you; Describe a positive change in your life; Describe a special dinner you had; Describe a wedding you joined; Describe a special letter/ card you received; 旅游话题 一、旅游、度假 Describe an interesting travel. You should say:
When you took the travel; Where it was; What you did during the trip; And explain why it was interesting. 在准备这类话题时,考生首先应考虑它们和其他卡片的关联性。在前面,我们已讲解了交通、建筑、城市等话题,它们都可以作为假期的内容,只需稍加修改即可。假期的主要活动可以是观光自然风景、参观城市建筑,也可以是在家休闲娱乐如读书、看电影。注意时态的使用,在描述过去发生的事件时,要用一般过去时;在描述这件事对现在的影响时,使用现在完成时。第二部分可参考下列提纲: ●When was the holiday? ●How did you plan the holiday? ●Where did you travel? ●How did you travel? ●What did you do during the three d ays/traveling? ●What impressed you most during the holiday? How do you feel the holiday? 1.旅游方式(The Categories of Traveling backpack travel 背包旅行 /自助旅行 package tour 随团旅行 guided tour 有导游带领的旅游 driving tour 自驾游 walking tour 步行旅游 bush walking 丛林徒步旅游cycling tour 骑自行车旅游 motorbike travel 摩托车旅游 coach /greyhound travel 巴士
环球雅思资料下载(写作精讲)
真题示范： 1．Tourism is becoming good source of revenue for many countries. Discuss the advantage and disadvantage of exploiting this resource. 2．What is your opinion about the advantages and disadvantages of fast food?(2002,10;2003,1;2004,4) 3．In 1995,an Englishman killed a burglar who broke into his house. He was sentenced. Do you think he should be sentenced ? How can we protect our property? 4．With the development of a market economy. Advertisements have become a dominant feature in television industry, despite the rich information brought by television. There still exists strong criticism against television advertisement. Write an article analyzing the positive and negative effects of television advertisement. 5．作业：version:000121(2005年G类新题) Some people think that visitors to other countries imitate local custom and behaviors. Some people disagree. They think the host country should welcome culture different. Discuss the two views and give your own opinion. 主体和方向 例文讲解：真题重现： 1．Some people think that people at the age of 55 and over should be encouraged to retire in order to give opportunities to a new generation. Do you agree or disagree? 2．A report indicates that nowadays children are becoming more and more lazy, fat and unsociable. Give the reasons for this and a proposal for a solution.(2003) 主体相似方向不同： 3．Computers are widely used for education and some people think that teachers will not play important role in the classroom. Disagree or agree? 4．People use computers when they work, go banking and so on, but some argue that it will make people isolated and decrease their social skills. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 5．Some people think that traditional techniques and modern technology are incompatible. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 6．Oriental session 7．Some people think that strong tradition can civilize a country and the government should subsidize musicians, artists, actors and drama companies. Do you agree or disagree with this opinion? what should government do? 8．Is it possible for a woman to be a good mother and a successful career woman at the same time? some people agree that government should pay some money to women so that they can stay at home to look after their children. Do you agree or disagree? 9．Modern technology, such as fertilizer and machinery has changed our world so much. What are the advantages and disadvantages? Discuss 10．There have been many technological developments in the 20th century. For example, computer and electric power. Choose either of them, describe the change it has brought about and discuss whether all the changes are positive. 11．作业：What are the purposes of places, such as museums and how should they be funded? 审题和构思后如何展开段落 题目重现：首段展开 1．电视对儿童的影响？正面还是负面？你的观点 A．Television is the most popular form of entertainment in the modern household.(引入话题)people of all ages use this medium to entertain themselves for an average of four hours a day.(发展话题)thus, television has had a tremendous influence on its viewers, especially children.(缩小话题范围指电视 对孩子的影响)scientists now say that children can be negatively effected by constantly watching
刘一男考研词汇5500笔记完美打印版
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刘毅10000 词汇学习笔记lesson 1（1） 1.abdomen：part of the body below the chest and diaphragm,containing the stomach. 腹部 abdominal(adj) 腹部的an abdominal operation 腹部手术 belly：(口)front of the human body from the waist to the groin；belly 肚子，胃 with an empty belly 空着肚子 in the belly of a ship 在船腹里 belly out(动词用法)：鼓涨，凸出The wind bellied out the sails 2.bereave：使某人丧失（尤指亲属）bereave sb of sb an accident which bereaved him of his wife 使 他丧失妻子的事故 the bereaved husband 死了妻子的男人 the bereaved 丧失亲人的人 bereavement（n）：丧亲之痛，丧失亲人 deprive：take sth away from sb;prevent sb from enjoying or using sth 剥夺sb/sth 的sth；阻止某人享有或使用sth deprive sb/sth of sth deprive of one's civil rights 剥夺某人的公民权 deprivation（n）：剥夺；贫困；被剥夺的事物 widespread deprivation 普遍贫困 Missing the holiday was a great deprivation.错失假日是极大的损失。 deprived（adj）：贫困的，穷苦的deprived childhood 贫苦的童年 3。consecrate：devote sth/sb to or reserve sth/sb for a special (esp religious) purpose 把sth/sb 献给 sth/sb 做某种（尤其宗教）用途consecrate sth/sb to sth consecrate one's life to the service of God,to the relief of suffering 献身于为神服务（解除世人痛苦） 的事业 devote：give one's time,energy to sth/sb; dedicate 为某人付出，向某人奉献，献身于devote oneself/sth to sb/sth devoted（adj）：热爱的，非常忠实的，全心全意的a devoted son 孝子 She is devoted to her children. 她深爱她的孩子。 devotee（n）：献身于某事物的人，热心者，某事物的迷恋者；某一宗派的拥护者a devotee of sport devotion（n）：devotion to sth/sb 深爱，忠心，忠诚 4.evoke：bring to mind(a feeling,memory) 引起或唤起情感，记忆 produce or cause(a response ,reaction) 产生或引起（回应，反应） evocation（n）： invoke：use as a reason for one's action 援用（sth）为行动依据或理由 beg for sth by praying 以祷告祈求某事物 The government has invoked the Official Secrets Act in having thebook banned.政府援引国家机密保密法以禁该书。invocation(n): invocation to sb 求助于神或法律 5。groove：沟，槽，纹 习语：get into a groove 养成某种生活习惯 furrow：犁沟，垄沟 （v）（尤用被动语态）犁，使起皱纹 newly furrowed fields 刚犁过的田地 6。jolt：(使某人某物)颠簸着移动 The old bus jolted along 旧公共汽车颠簸而行jolt sb into/out of sth：使某人受到震惊而采取某种行动
环球雅思中小学-【SAT写作】范文
SAT写作范文 Abraham Lincoln said, "Most people are about as happy as they make up their minds to be." In other words, our personal level of satisfaction is entirely within our control. Otherwise, why would the same experience disappoint one person but delight another? Happiness is not an accident but a choice. Assignment: Is happiness something over which people have no control, or can people choose to be happy? Plan and write an essay in which you develop your point of view on this issue. Support your position with reasoning and examples taken from your reading, studies, experience, or observations. My Essay: Happiness is an elixir to all diseases, so everyone wants happiness and most of them think that it comes from success. But even if we fail something, we can still choose to be happy. Last year, our school held a basketball competition. Our class had entered into the semi-final and all the students in our class were very excited. Moreover, we had just beaten the team which was considered the best in our grade and my classmates were hopeful that we might enter the final game. On the day of the semi-final, the players of our team went to the field in our cheers. But as soon as we saw the members of the other team, we knew it would be a hard match. One of the players in their team is as tall as 1.93 m, much taller than any of our players and we also learned that their team was the only one which hadn’t lost a single game. The match started. To our disappointment, our team wasn’t playing well, and the best player in our team was followed by the tallest in theirs at every pace. Anxious and worried, we girls jumped onto the platform beside and shouted at the top of our voices. After sometime, it seemed that our cheers had gave my classmates some energy and they began to catch up, slowly but gradually, we were only two points behind. But just at that time, the first ten minutes were over and we came to a stop. The players were tired but hopeful, and we kept cheering them. However, when the match started again, our opponents seemed to become stronger. They got more points and we were soon eleven points behind. Meanwhile, our throats were burning, but we kept shouting for our classmates. Though we caught up some points, at last we lost by only one point. When we got back to the classroom, all of my classmates were disappointed and sad. One of the players even cried. But our teacher came in at that moment and said, “Cheer up everyone, we just lost by one point and we are already the top four. We still have a match and let’s get the third place!” Then one of my classmates suddenly went to the dais and wrote something encouraging on the blackboard and one by one, over ten of our classmates all