2015年全国各地高考英语试题长难句解读与分析讲解

2015年高考英语试题中长难句翻译与解析

1. Swimming pools, wine tasting, and pink sunsets (at normal evening hours, not 4 in the afternoon) filled the weekend, but the best part--particularly to my taste, dulled by months of cold-weather root vegetables--was a 7 a.m. a dventure to the Sarasota farmers’ market that proved to be more than worth the early wake-up call. （全国I卷B篇）

【译文】游泳，品酒以及欣赏粉红色的落日（一般在傍晚时分，而不是下午四点）把整个周末填的满满的，但精彩的部分也是让我最中意的是上午7点的萨拉索塔市农贸市场的一次历险，尤其是被数月寒天块根蔬菜弄得生活沉闷之后，这次探索之旅证明早起还是值得的。

【背景知识】Sarasota（萨拉索塔市）位于美国佛罗里达州的西南海岸线，濒临墨西哥湾，人口60余万，北邻海牛县，南靠夏洛特县，与两县共同构成佛罗里达州第七大市场和商业繁盛区。萨市文化底蕴深厚，是世界著名的“马戏城”和“艺术都会”，因马戏而建城，演员剧团演出的百老汇歌剧蜚声全美。

最适宜人居之家园。萨拉索塔市位于墨西哥湾海岸线，碧水围城，绿色遍地，四季常绿植物和灌木丛座拥这座海上城市，空气清新，气候冬暖夏凉。高雅的芭蕾舞和百老汇歌剧给萨拉索塔市笼上了神秘的艺术色彩，装点着市民的休闲生活。户外活动丰富多彩，高尔夫、游艇、划船、网球、滑水等应有尽有，萨市因此被誉为“探索者的天堂”。在萨市参观，街道干净整洁，房屋多为别墅，间距合理，错落有致，整个城市风格铺展着一幅南美风情的特有画卷。白色的沙滩、精湛的艺术、一流的商场、旖旎的自然风光和宜人的气候, 使萨市成为美国最适宜居住的15个城市之一，是众多游客向往的度假休闲目的地。

【考查】25. What made the author’s getting up late early worthwhile?

A. Having a swim.

B. Breathing in fresh air.

C. Walking in the morning sun.

D. Visiting a local farmer’s market.【D】

【词汇解析】be to one’s taste 适合某人口味；合某人得意root vegetables 块根类蔬菜

The early wake-up call 早醒电话；叫早电话（尤其在宾馆、酒店常有这种服务）

2. Delighted as I was by the tomatoes in sight, my happiness de epened when I learned that Brown’s Grove Farm is one of the suppliers for Jack Dusty, a newly-opened restaurant at the Sarasota Ritz Carlton, where-- luckily for me-- I was planning to have dinner that very night. （全国I卷B篇）【译文】虽然那些新鲜柔嫩的西红柿让我欣喜，但当我了解到一个新开张的饭馆Jack Dusty供应商就是Brown’s Grove Farm时，我更加开心不已，因为幸运的是那家饭馆就是我们打算那晚在萨拉索塔市的丽丝卡尔顿大酒店the Sarasota Ritz Carlton就餐的地方。

【背景知识】丽丝卡尔顿（Ritz Carlton）是一个高级酒店及度假村品牌，现时拥有超过70个酒店物业，分布在24戈国家的主要城市。The Ritz Carlton在国际高档酒店业，被公认为首屈一指的超级品牌。

【考查】27. What was the author going to that evening?

A. Go to a farm.

B. Check into a hotel.

C. Eat in a restaurant.

D. Buy fresh vegetables. 【C】

【词汇解析】Delighted as I was by the tomatoes in sight, my happiness deepened when... 本句是as 引导的让步状语从句，表语部分delighted前置。意为“尽管看到那些西红柿我很高兴不已，但...时我的幸福感大增。”supplier 供应商newly-opened新开张（业）的

3. The fine selection of the major works was done in close collaboration (合作)with the Museo Nacional Reina Sofia in Madrid, Spain, and with contributions from other institutions like the Salvador Dali Museum in St. Petersburg. （全国I卷C篇）

【译文】本次展览与西班牙马德里雷纳索非亚国家博物馆密切合作展出了萨尔瓦多.达利的精品之作，以及来自于圣彼得堡萨尔瓦多.达利博物馆等其它机构提供的艺术作品。

【背景知识】Museo Nacional Reina Sofia：雷纳·索菲亚博物馆是西班牙马德里的一座国立20世纪美术博物馆。这座美术馆于1992年9月10日正式开幕，得名于西班牙索菲亚王后。索菲亚王后艺术中心靠近阿托查车站和地铁站，位于沿着普拉多大道的所谓艺术金三角（Triángulo del Arte auch Triángulo de Oro）的南端（还包括普拉多博物馆和蒂森-博尔内米萨博物馆）。

索菲亚博物馆主要收藏西班牙艺术品，其亮点是20世纪西班牙两位大师的杰作：巴勃罗·毕加索的《格尔尼卡》，以及萨尔瓦多·达利的作品。外国艺术家的作品不多。

the Salvador Dali Museum in St. Petersburg位于美国佛罗里达州圣彼德堡场地面积：66000平方英尺（约合6131.60平方米）HOK联手Beck Group一同设计了一个新的博物馆，用来陈列萨尔瓦多·达利的作品。这个新的博物馆坐落于美国佛罗里达州圣彼得斯堡。设计灵感正来自于萨尔瓦多·达利这位超现实主义者本人，结合传统和幻想元素。设计反映了达利的精华，同时为应对佛罗里达的恶劣天气融合了相关功能元素。

【考查】31. What does the word “contribution” in the last paragraph refer to?

A. Artworks.

B. Projects.

C. Donations.

D. Documents. 【A】

【词汇解析】in close collaboration with sb. 与某人密切合作

4 Over the years, Parisian cafes have fallen victim to changes in the French lifestyle--longer working hours, a fast food boom and a younger generation’s desire to spend more time at home.（全国I卷D篇）【译文】多年来，法国生活方式的变化（如：工作时间的延长，快餐业的繁荣以及年青一代渴望在家多呆些时间等）让巴黎的咖啡馆深受其害。

【背景知识】到巴黎旅游，在游览卢浮宫、埃菲尔铁塔、凯旋门等名胜之余，可以去一些著名咖啡馆（Café）去用餐、喝咖啡，体会巴黎历史与文化的深韵。

Café遍布巴黎，是人们饮食、休憩、社交的重要场所。巴黎人一天中有很多时间都是在Café中度过的。早上，在Café喝一杯咖啡，吃上一个牛角包；中午，享用一份法式三明治，小憩片刻；晚上，要一杯红酒，与朋友一起畅谈至深夜。座落在巴黎各个角落的Café目睹了这个城市中发生的各种前尘往事。

【考查】33.How are cafes affected by French lifestyle changes?

A. They are less frequently visited.

B. They stay open for longer hours.

C. They have bigger night crowds.

D. They start to serve fast food. 【A】

【词汇解析】fall victim to sth. 成为...的受害者；使...深受其害boom 指经济等的繁荣；迅速发展。

【译文】【背景知识】【考查】【词汇解析】

5. This year, 25,310 students who have accepted places in higher education institutions have put off their entry until next year, according to statistics on university entrance provided by University and College Admissions Service (UCAS).

That is a record 14.7% increase in the number of students taking a gap year. （全国卷II C篇）

【译文】根据UCAS提供的大学入学统计数据，今年被各地的高等教育机构接收的25,310位学生已把他们的入学时间推迟到了明年。选择间隔年的学生增加了14.7%.

【背景知识】间隔年（Gap Year) 是西方社会通过近代世界青年旅行方式变迁总结出来的概念，是西方国家的青年在升学或者毕业之后工作之前，做一次长期的旅行，让学生在步入社会之前体验与自己生活的社会环境不同的生活方式。期间，学生在离开自己国家旅行，通常也适当做一些与自己专业相关的工作或者一些非政府组织的志愿者工作, 这样可以培养学生的国际观念和积

极的人生态度，学习生存技能，增进学生的自我了解，从而让他们找到自己真正想要的工作或者找到更好的工作，以一种“间隔”当前社会生活的方式，达到更好地融入当前社会的目的。UCAS是Universities and Colleges Admissions Service 的缩写，即“大学和学院招生服务中心”，它是一个公共服务机构，统一为英国所有大学提供招生服务，和其他国家不同，申请英国大学的本科学位课程，都要通过UCAS进行申请。原则上，所有英国大学的所有本科学位课程，包括专升本，都要通过UCAS申请。

【考查】 What do we learn about the gap year from the text?

A. It is flexible in length.

B. It is a time for relaxation.

C. It is increasingly popular.

D. It is required by universities. 【C】

【词汇解析】put off ...until... 推迟到entry n. 进入，入场

6 “New students are now aware that they are likely to leave university up to ￡15,000 in debt. It is not surprising that more and more students are taking a gap year to earn money to support their study for the degree. NUS statistics show that over 40% of students are forced to work during term time and the figure increases to 90% during vacation periods,” he said. （全国II卷C篇）

【译文】新生现在已意识到大学毕业他们很能负债高达15,000英镑，所以越来越多的学生选择间隔年挣钱维持学业并获得学位，这并不足为奇。NUS数据显示，超过40%的学生学期期间被迫工作，而假期期间这一数字要达到90%.

【背景知识】NUS: The National Union of Students of the United Kingdom is a confederation of students' unions in theUnited Kingdom. Around 600 students' unions are in membership, accounting for more than 95 per cent of all higher and further education unions in the UK.

【考查】What would most students do on their vacation according to NUS statistics?

A. Attend additional courses.

B. Make plans for the new term.

C. Earn money for their education.

D. Prepare for their graduate studies. 【C】

【词汇解析】be aware= realize 意识到be likely to do sth. 很可能做某事in debt 欠债

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/2411494634.html,petition is fierce and the chief prize is a complete Stilton cheese weighing about four kilos (disappointingly, but understandably the cheeses used in the race are wooden ones).

【译文】竞赛是激烈的。主要奖品是一块重达大约四公斤完整斯蒂尔顿奶酪，虽然让人有点失望但可以理解这些在比赛中使用的奶酪都是木制的。

【背景知识】斯蒂尔顿奶酪(Stilton)最初斯蒂尔顿奶酪的发源地在英国爱尔兰东部的郡，但却在斯蒂尔顿大卖，也因此得名。现在斯蒂尔顿奶酪受到英国法律的保护，只允许在莱斯特郡、诺丁汉郡和德贝郡这三个地方生产。斯蒂尔顿奶酪是世界三大蓝纹奶酪之一，味道比较浓烈。如果你不喜欢酸辣口味的奶酪，那你可能很难理解为什么有人对斯蒂尔顿奶酪喜爱得疯狂.

营养成分：每30克含100卡路里热量、0.03克碳水化合物、8.1克脂肪、6克蛋白质。

【考查】59. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. The chief prize for the Stilton cheese rolling competition is beer or port wine.

B. More than 10,000 Chinese take pail in the Fiery Food and BBQ Festival.

C. Thousands of spicy foods are on show in the Fiery Food and BBQ Festival.

D. An exciting tomato battle takes place at the beginning of La Tomatina.

根据上句可知，很显然答案A不是正确答案。

【词汇解析】fierce adj. 猛烈的，凶猛的weighing about four kilos 和used in the race 都是分词短语作定语。

8. A birdwatcher, armed with a telescope, found the pet sitting desperately on a rock. While he sounded the alarm, a student from Leeds climbed down the cliff to collect Judy. （陕西卷B篇）【译文】一位佩有望远镜观鸟者发现了宠物狗Judy蹲在岩石上，显得很绝望的样子。就在他发出警报同时，一位来自利兹的学生爬下悬崖把Judy弄了回来。

【背景知识】birdwatcher（在大自然中）观察、研究野鸟的人。观鸟者用肉眼观察和研究鸟类或通过视觉增强设备像双筒望远镜。他们中的大多数追求这个活动主要是为了娱乐或社会的原因。

Leeds利兹(位于英格兰北部西约克郡中部)是英国第二大金融城市。

【考查】51.Who spotted Judy after the accident?

A. A birdwatcher

B. A student from Leeds

C. Six volunteers

D. The coastguard of Cornwall 【A】

【词汇解析】armed with a telescope = equipped with a telescope 配备或用...装备, 用...武装desperately=hopelessly 绝望地，无希望地sound the alarm 拉响警报；发出警报

9.Several safari camps operate as the base for this adventure, providing unique rides twice a day to explore deep into the delta. The camps have excellent horses, professional guides and lots of support workers. They have a reputation for providing a great riding experience. （重庆卷D篇）

【译文】这儿的几处狩猎营地可作为本次历险的大本营，它为使游客深入三角洲腹地提供了每天两次的独特骑马经历。这些营地还拥有优质的马匹，专业的向导以及提供辅助服务的员工。它们享有为游客提供美妙骑马经历的美誉。

【背景知识】safari (尤指在中非、东非的)观兽旅行，猎兽旅行。非洲狩猎旅行的最佳时间是容易发现野生动物而且其数量密集的时候。

【考查】48. What does the underlined word "They" refer to _______.

A. Flooded waters

B. Wildlife journey

C. Safari camps

D. Unique rides 【C】

【词汇解析】operate as --work as; serve as 当做；可用作；作...用

have a reputation for 享有...的名声；以...而闻名

10.Back at the camp you can kick off your boots and enjoy excellent food and wine. Looking back on your day, you will find it hard to deny that a horseback Safari is as close as you will ever come to answering the call of the wild.

【译文】回到营地，蹬掉靴子，品尝着美食，畅饮着美酒，回顾一天的历程，你不得不承认骑马观兽才是真正能表现出响应野性的呼唤。

【背景知识】（The Call of the Wild）《野性的呼唤》，又名《荒野的呼唤》，美国著名作家杰

克·伦敦所著。作品以一只狗的经历表现文明世界的狗在主人的逼迫下回到野蛮，写的是狗，也反映人的世界。欲望本已在，蓬勃脱尘埃：沉沉长眠后，野性重归来。巴克原是米勒法官家的一只爱犬，经过了文明的教化，一直生活在美国南部加州一个温暖的山谷里。后被卖到美国北部

寒冷偏远、盛产黄金的阿拉斯加，成了一只狼群首领的英勇、仁爱的狗。

【考查】51. The author introduced the riding experience in the OKavango Delta mainly by________.

A. Following space order

B. Following time order

C. Making classifications

D. Giving examples

作者由The morning ride, 及In the evening, rides are...最后到Back at the camp you can kick off...，所以我们判断B项为正确答案。

【词汇解析】kick off踢掉，蹬掉look back on 回顾the call of the wild 野性的呼唤

11. When Grylls heard about Nicholas’ amazing deeds, he was super impressed that Nicholas had made it since he knew better than anyone how hard Nicholas had to work to stay alive.

【译文】当吉罗斯听说尼格拉斯令人惊叹的行为后，他极为震撼于他的成功求生，因为他比任何人都清楚尼格拉斯需要费多大的劲去求生。

【背景知识】Grylls (全名Edward Michael Grylls，1974年6月7日－) 爱德华·麦克·吉罗斯（英语：Edward Michael Grylls，1974年6月7日－），昵称贝尔（英语：Bear）、贝爷（多数大陆网友以此称呼他），是英国的一名探险家、作家和电视主持人，以其主持的求生节目Man vs. Wild (港译:《人在野》)而闻名。1994到1997年，他参加了英国空军特勤队，学习了徒手搏击、沙漠及寒地作战、生存技能等。曾两次去过北非。1996年底，他在非洲南部的一次自由跳伞时背部受伤。他在23岁时登上了珠穆朗玛峰，成为了登上该峰最年轻的英国人。2009年7月，他以35岁的年龄成为了迄今最年轻的英国童军总会总领袖。

【考查】Nicholas left Grylls a very deep impression because he _______.

A. did the right things in the dangerous situation

B. watched Grylls’ TV prog ram regularly

C. created some tips for survival

D. was very hard-working

【词汇解析】was super impressed 印象极为深刻make it 成功做成某事“how hard Nicholas had to work to stay alive”是动词knew的宾语从句。

12. Dudok’s masterpiece, Hilversum Town Hall, was built in 1928-1931. It has wide international fame and is included in many architecture textbooks.

【译文】建筑师迪多克的杰作，Hilversum的市政大厅建于1928-1931年间。它闻名于世并被收录到建筑学教科书里。

【背景知识】Dudok and his Hilversum Town Hall

D udok 1884年生于荷兰的阿姆斯特丹。毕业后在布雷达的皇家军事学院从事建筑师一职。他花了十年为荷兰军队设计建造了复杂的要塞跟兵营。1913年他开始称为一个专业的城市建筑师，那时他暂时被任命为莱顿市的公共事业部门主任。若干年后他在希尔弗瑟姆担任类似部门主任，之后再1928年被委任为这个城市的城市建筑师。他负责这个迅速发展的城市中的许多公众建筑物的设计以及整个邻近地区的容积扩展。Dudok 的代表作Hilversum Town Hall，整体建筑物有类似盒子的形状组成，以垂直元素打破了一个着重于强调水平元素的建筑物。

【考查】62. What is known about W.M.Dudok’s Hilverwum Town Hall? 【C】

A. It consists of approximately 75 buildings.

B.It looks like an open air museum in the city.

C. It is a classic example in architecture textbooks.

D. It has shaped most of 20th century Hilversum. 【词汇解析】masterpiece 代表作have wide international fame 享有广泛的国际声誉

2013年天津高考英语真题(含答案)(校对版)

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2013 年北京高考英语试题 第一部分：听力理解（共三节，30 分） 第一节（共5 小题；每小题1.5 分，共7.5 分） 听下面5 段对话，每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，听完每段对话后，你将有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。 例：What is the man going to rend? A. A newspaper B. A magazine C. A book 答案是A 1. What room does the man want? A. Sinple B. Double C. Twin 2. What will the man buy? A. Vegetables B. Meat C. Bread 3. What does the man plan to do? A. Go fishing B. Go jogging C. Go camping 4. How much is the change? A. $8 B. $ 42 C. $50 5. What’s the weather like this afternoon? 第二节（共10 小题；每小题1.5 分，共15 分） 听下面4 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5 秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。 听第6 段材料，回答第6 至7 题。 6. When will the woman go to see the movie? A. Friday. B. Saturday C. Sunday 7. Where will the woman sit for the movie? A. In the front. B. In the middle C. At the back 听第7 段材料，回答第8 至9 题。 8. When will the two speakers meet? A. On the 13th B. On the 14th C. On the 15th 9. What is the man doing? A. Persuading the woman to accept his suggestion. B. Making an apology to the woman. C. Inviting the woman to lunch. 听第8 段材料，回答第10 至12 题。 10. Where are the two speakers? A. In the library. B. In the café. C. In the classroom

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刷题（二） 第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） A man who knows how to write a personal letter has a very powerful tool. A letter can be enjoyed, read and 21 . It can set up a warm conversation between two people far apart (远离的);it can keep a 22 with very little effort. I will give 23 .A few years ago my older brother and l were not getting 24 .We had been close as 25 but had grown apart. Our meetings were not 26 ; our conversation was filled with arguments and quarrels: and every effort to clear the air seemed to only 27 our misunderstanding. Then he 28 a small island in the Caribbean and we 29 touch. One day he wrote me a letter. He described his island and its people, told me what he was doing, said how he felt, and encouraged me to 30 . Rereading the letter, I was 31 by its humor（幽默）and clever expressions. These were all qualities for which I had 32 respected my older brother but 33 he no longer had them. I had never known he could write so 34 . And with that one letter we became friends 35 . It might never have occurred to 36 to write me if he had not been in a place where there were no 37 . For him, writing was a necessity. It also turned out to be the best way for us to get back in touch. Because we live in an age of 38 communication（通讯）, people often 39 that they don’t always have to phone or email. They have a 40 . And that is to write. 21. A. received B. rewritten C. returned D. reread 22. A. record B. promise C. friendship D. secret 23. A. an example B. a lesson C. an experience D. a talk 24. A. through B. together C. along D. away 25.A．brothers B. children C．fellows D．classmates 26. A．normal B. necessary C．pleasant D．possible 27. A．deepen B. start C．express D．settle 28. A．toured B. stopped C．reached D．m 29. A．lost B. kept in C．needed D．got in 30.A. think B. write C．enjoy D．read 31.A．driven B. beaten C．surprised D．honored 32. A．never B. seldom C．sometimes D．once 33. A．realized B. judged C. thought D. expected． 34. A．well B. often C. much D. soon 35. A．later B. anyhow C. too D. again． 36. A．us B. anyone C. someone D. my brother 37. A．mail services B. transport services C. phones D. relative 38. A．poor B. easy C. popular D. busy 39. A．believe B. decide C. argue D. forget 40.A. habit B. choice C. method D. plan 第二部分：阅读理解（共25小题。第一节每小题2分，第二节每小题1分；满分45分） A When I was six, Dad brought home a dog one day, who was called “Brownie”, My brothers and I all loved Brownie and did different things with her. One of us would walk her, another would feed her ,then there were baths, playing catch and many other games .Brownie, in return, loved each and every one of us. One thing that most touched my heart was that she would go to whoever was sick and just be with them. We always felt better when she was around. One days, as I was getting her food, she chewed up(咬破) one of Dad’s shoes, which had to be thrown away in the end. I knew Dad would be mad and I had to let her know what she did was Wrong. When I looked at her and said, “Bad girl.” She looked down at the ground and then went and hid. I saw a tear in her eyes. Brownie turned out to be more than just our family pet. She went everywhere with us. People would stop and ask if they could pet her. Of course she'd let anyone pet her. She was just the most lovable dog. There were many dines when we'd be out walking and a small child would come over and pull on her hair. She never barked (吠) or tried to get away. Funny thing is she would smile. This frightened people because they thought she was showing her teeth. Far from