中考英语重点短语及句型归纳

中考英语重点短语及句型归纳

一、固定搭配:

1. put down放下shut down 把…关上cut down 砍掉

slow down 减缓、放慢 write down 写下get down 下来,降落

2. after all 毕竟.终究after that 然后day after day 日复一日地

one after another 相继.挨次 soon/shortly after 不久以后

the day after tomorrow 后天

3. come up with 找到、提出catch up with 赶上 wake up 弄醒、醒来

send up 发射 open up 开设、开办grow up 长大

pick up 拾起、捡起hands up 举手eat up 吃光

put up 举起cheer up 鼓励

wash up clean up 打扫干净 give up doing sth.=stop doing sth.放弃做某事

4. arrive at/in + n. 到达 get to +n.到达reach + n.到达 arrive / get +adv.到达

5. get…back退还, 送回去.取回 give back=return 归还 come/go back 回来/去

at the back of 在…的后面on the way (back)home 在回家路上

6. at least/most 至少/多 at breakfast 早餐时 at table 在吃饭

at once 立刻,马上at school 在上学 at work 在工作 at the same time 同时 all at once突

然at present , at the moment =now 现在 at a time 一次,每次

at times(sometimes)有时, be good at=do well in 善长be clever at… be angry at sth.

be surprised at…对……感到惊奇

look at, laugh at 嘲笑 smile at 对……微笑shout at对……吼叫,knock at …, arrive at…not…at all 一点也不at first 起初

at last =in the end / finally 最后、终于

at night/midnight 在晚上/午夜 at noon 中午 at Christmas 在圣诞节

at the age of // when sb. was…years old 在…岁时

at the beginning (of… )at the end of 在…终点/末端/结束时

at the foot of在…脚下at the top/bottom of…在……的(顶)底部

at any moment 任何时候at the doctor’s 在医务室

7.for example 例如 for sure确定for ever 永远 for free免费 for

long=for a long time 长期

be good for 对…有益be bad for对…有害, be famous for…, be late for…,

be ready for…,be sorry for…为……感到抱歉,be thirsty for…渴望……

be short for是…的简称TV i s short for “television”.ask for…要求得到, look for, wait for,

search for…, care for…喜欢,关心,照顾,send for…派人去请,pay for…

8. come true 实现 come down 下来come from=be from 来自, 出生于

come in/into 进入,进来 come on 赶快come over 过来come along 走吧,过来,快点come up 上来come up with…想出, come out 出来,出版,(花)开,

come to an end结束, come to oneself (苏醒,恢复知觉), come into

use(开始被使用)

9. even though=even if 即使、虽然、尽管as if/as though 好像

1

10. be pleased/satisfied/happy with 对…感到满意

be busy with…, be strict with sb., be angry with sb.

be ca reful with…, be patient with…be familiar with…

be covered with 被…覆盖be filled with…

be expected/allowed/required/asked to do sth.被期望/允许/要求做某事

be made/ seen/ heard/ noticed to do sth. 被迫/看见/听到/注意到做某事

be surprised /excited/ pleased to do sth. ,

be sorry/proud/willing/ready/ happy/glad/sure to do sth.

be proud of 以…自豪be short of…缺乏……

be sure of…对……有把握,be fond of…喜欢, be tired of…对……厌倦

be full of… speak highly of 称赞 be afraid of害怕

hear of听说(hear about / hear from sb.收到某人的来信) of

course=certainly当然可以plenty of= a lot of许多 a great deal of…大量(修饰不可数名词)

11.by the way 顺便问一下by oneself 单独,独自 by the end of到…结束为止

by now到现在为止 by then by the year 2100=by 2100

by the time (引导时间状语从句) 到…的时候 one by one依次

day by day一天天地 step by step 逐步地 little by little 渐渐地

by air / plane 乘飞机by bus / train / car 乘公共汽车/ 火车/轿车

(catch a bus赶公交车get on / off the bus上/下车take a bus to…=go to …by bus乘车去) by mistake 由于差错 by accident 偶然 by and by 不久,后来

12.do / try one’s best (to do sth.)尽力(做某事) do nothing but

do …

do one’s hom ework 做家庭作业do one’s lessons 做功课 do Maths exercises

do (the/some) shopping 购物 do the cooking 烹饪do some cleaning 打扫

do the / some washing洗衣服 do with sb / sth.处理do some exercise

锻炼

do a lot of r esearch on…do a survey on… do a good job well done

干得好

do harm to ….对……有害do good to …对……有好处

13.early in the morning 一大早 in the early spring 初春

in my early days 我幼年时期 the early bus 早班车

14. connect…to…把…与…连接起来tie … to… be close to 靠近 give birth to生(孩子) lose to sb 输给某人. to one’s surprise 使人惊讶的是to one’s joy 令人高兴的是

to tell the truth 说实话

15.either…or…或者…或者.. on either side of the street 街道任何一边

(on each side of the street 街道每一边 on both sides of the street

街道两边)

16.keep doing sth.不停地做某事(表示状态继续)

keep on doing sth. 坚持做某事(表示动作反复进行)

practise doing sth. 练习做某事 enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事

finish doing sth.做完某事mind doing sth.介意做某事

go on doing sth.继续做某事(同一件事) (go on to do sth.接着做某事(另一事)

go on with sth. 继续某事) continue doing (to do)…继续做

consider doing…考虑做suggest doing…建议做……

can’t help/ stop doing sth. 情不自禁地做某事,禁不住做……give up doing…

spend …doing…, feel like doing… , have fun/ a great time doing…, have difficulty doing…, be busy doing…, be interested in doing…, be fond of doing…, be good at doing…, be crazy about doing…, how /what about doing…, worry about doing sth. , thank sb. for doing…, instead

of doing…, because of doing…, be used to doing…, pay attention to doing…, look forward to doing…,prefer doing… to doing…, devote… to doing…, put one’s effort into doing…, be worth doing…

17. go straight along/on 沿着…一直往前走go down下降, go up上升,

go through 经历,浏览 go by (时间)过去,经过go over复习

go in for 参加,从事go for a walk/swim/picnic去散步/游泳/野餐, go wrong go mad/bad

go

shopping/swimming/skiing/skating/hiking/walking/sightseeing/boating,

go to the cinema/movie去看电影go well进展顺利, go well with… 与……相配

go off to 动身前往, go out外出;熄灭, go away go to work去上班, go on a study trip go on holiday 休假 want a go 想试一试

18. think about 考虑(think of 认为、想起、考虑、想到think over 仔细考虑)

talk about 谈论, worry about 担心, How / What abo ut…?…怎么样?

19.borrow…from …从…借….(lend…to…把…借给…)

from door to door 挨家挨户, from time to time 时而

from now on 从今以后 from then on 从那以后

be different from与…不同(be the same as…)

20.get dressed 穿衣 get killed/married/hurt get / be lost丢失

get into进入get out of从…出来get off / on下/上车get in收割

get up get to… get on/along well with sb. 与某人相处得好 get into trouble

get ready for +n.为…做准备; get ready to do sth.准备做某事get

used to…习惯于…… get / go to sleep (fall asleep) 入睡 (be asleep睡着) get warm 变暧

get well康复 get sb. sth.=get sth. for sb. get sb. to do sth.

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21. look for 寻找look at look after=take care of照看look like看起

来像

look over 检查,复习 look out 小心,从里向外看 look the same 看起来一

样

look up 向上看,查询, look down 俯视 look down on/upon轻视,瞧不起

look around 环视look back on…回顾look forward to 期望 look

through 浏览

22. set off 出发、动身put off 推迟keep off 避开、不靠近… drop off 放下(某物) turn off 关 jump off 跳离, take off 脱(衣) (飞机)起飞show

off炫耀

see off 送别fall off…从……掉下get off, turn off,knock …off…

23. half a kilo 半千克 half an hour 半小时 in half 分成两半

half of the day 半天 a year and a half (one and a half years ) 一年

半

24. do eye exercises 做眼保健操 do morning exercises 做早操

take (more) exercise (多)参加体育锻炼an exercise book 练习本

25. take part in 参加hand in 上交 in hospital/prison 住院/坐牢

in surprise/fear 吃惊地/害怕地 in the sun 在阳光下

in trouble/danger 处于困境/危险 in a minute / moment/while 马上

in a few years’ time=in a few years几年以后

in the future in fact 实际上in front of…, in time, in turn依次, in order

in order to…为了in a way 从某种意义上讲in some/many ways,

in other ways在其它方面in this way 用这种方法in a word 总而言之

in other words换句话说 in all 总共,共计 in a hurry 匆忙 in space 在太空

in and out of class 在课内课外 in the last fifteen minutes 在最后十五分钟里

in the past few/twenty years in one’s opinion依照某人的看法,在某人看来

in one’s fifties在某人50多岁时 in the first/ second half 在上/下半场

in good/poor health in public in service/use in the air/sky 在空中

in the open air in a mess 杂乱in the form of… 以……的形式, in the habit of…有……的习惯

26. leave for… 动身去某地leave… for… 离开……去……

27 feed on 以…为主食 base on 以…为根据 carry on 坚持、继续下去

walk /move on 继续走/移动depend on…依靠…… work on从事于

look down on… turn on (the radio/computer/light/tap/ gas ) put on 穿上,上演

get on (well) with… and so on 等等on the other hand 另一方面

on the other side of… on foot 步行 on earth究竟on the way to… ,

on Sundays, on the morning/afternoon/evening/night of May 1

on the radio/telephone , on business on duty on holiday on time on top of…

28. be famous for 以..著名 be excited about +n./V-ing 对…感到兴奋

be interested in 对…感兴趣 be born出生 be busy with sth.— be busy doing sth. 忙于… be amazed/sur prised at 对..感到惊讶

29. move away 移开 move to (搬)移到move house move out of …move into…

30. search the Internet上网search… for…., search for sth.

31. make sure 确信 make a dialogue 编对话 make a mistake 犯错误

make a noise 吵闹 make faces 做鬼脸 make friends (with) 和..交朋友make

room/space for 给..让地方 make a living,(谋生) make tea 沏茶make money 赚钱 make an excuse, make a decision作出决定 make a suggestion, make (great) progress in…在……取得(巨大)的进步, make a speech, make a promise, make the bed, make notes on…

make a great differenc e to…, make (good) use of…, make fun of… ,

make a contribution to (doing)sth. 为……作贡献

make a telephone call to sb. /ring sb. up /give sb. a call

/phone/call/telephone sb. 给某人打电话

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/296192749.html,ed to do sth 过去常常做某事 get/ be used to doing sth. 习惯于

做某事

33. leave sth+介词短语“把……忘记在某处”

34.动词不定式做宾语:

would

like/want/hope/wish/prefer/decide/plan/begin/start/choose/prepare/agree/ continue/ volunteer/ promise/ offer/ afford/ fail/refuse/expect/ manage to do s th.

动词不定式做宾语补足语:

encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事

want/would like/ need/ require/ expect/ invite/ encourage/ order/ tell/ ask/ warn/ advise/ promise/ remind/ teach/ allow sb. to do sth.

含有不定式的短语

have no choice but to do sth. do/try one’s best to do sth. do

what/all sb. can to do sth.

can’t wait to do sth. 迫不及待做某事

不带to的不定式短语:

do nothing but do sth. had better(not) do sth. can’t do… but do…,would rather do…than do…, prefer to do… rather than do…,Why not do…? Would you (please)(not) do…?

一“感”,二“听”,三“让”,四“看”

feel/ listen to/ hear/ make/have/let/ see/ watch/ look at/ notice sb.do sth.

改为被动语态要加to:be made/ seen/ heard to do sth.

注意区别下列短语:

try to do…/ try doing…; forget/remember to do/doing…, stop to

do/ doing…; mean to do/doing…; go on to do/doing…/ be afraid of doing…/ be afraid to do…

35.区别hear sb. do (doing)sth. 听见某人(正)做某事 watch /see/ notice sb. do/ doing sth.

36.help sb. (to) do sth .//help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事

with one’s help在某人的帮助下

with the help of… with pleasure 乐意 with joy/excitement

37.play (computer)games, play hide-and-seek, play sports, play a joke/trick on sb., play with…,

play chess/ cards/ volleyball/football/badminton/tennis/table tennis, play the piano/violin/guitar

play ball games, play the role of…, play an important role in…

38.step into 走进 pour into 倒入… walk into get into move into

39. for the first time 第一次 at first起初first of all 首先

40. leave a message for sb. 给某人留条 give sb. a message take a message for sb.给某人捎口

信 pass on a message for/ to sb. 替某人传口信/ 传口信给某人

41. take photos / pictures 照像take away拿走take out 取出take...out of...

take off 脱下,起飞 take up开始,从事,占据 take down take in 吸收

take care 当心 take care of take medicine 服药take one’s temperature量体温

take it easy 别紧张,放轻松 take a walk/rest/seat 散步/休息/就座

take a look

take a bath/shower take place 发生take part in…take action to do sth.,

take turns to do sth.轮流做某事 take a bus/train/plane, take an interest in...

take exercise 锻炼take (a) pride in…take one’s advice 接受某人建议

42. learn by oneself / teach oneself 自学 learn by heart 背熟,背诵

l earn from…向……学习learn…from…向……学习…… , learn about…

了解,知道

43. be interested in…, be weak in…在……薄弱, be rich in…在……富有,be strict in sth., be experienced in…在……有经验,be different in…在……方面不同

44. have a try 尝试,努力(try out 尝试、试验, try on 试穿) find out 找出,查明

have a good / wonderful / great / fantastic/ time 玩得开心 have fun doing sth.

have a (bad) cold/headache/toothache/cough/fever (重)感冒/头疼/牙疼/咳嗽/发烧

have a meeting / walk / watch/ talk /chat 开会/散步/比赛/谈话/聊天

have sports 进行体育活动 have nothing /something to do with 与..无(有)关

have no idea 不知道 have a rest/ break/ discussion/bath/shower

have lunch/breakfast/supper/dinner have no choice but to do sth.

have to do sth. have on 穿着

have pro blems/ trouble/ difficulty with sth./ (in)doing…

have an interview with sb. have a fight with sb. /have a quarrel with sb.

45. 可以跟双宾语的动词:offer sb sth. 提供某人某物offer sth. to sb.

promise/lend/give/show/bring/ send/pass/ hand, return/ write / teach/ tell sb. sth.(sth. to sb.) buy/ make/ sing/ draw/ get/ cook/ post sb. sth. (sth. for sb.)

46.win the first prize 获一等奖win an award for… win the game

lose the game

beat sb./the team

47. all over the world= around the world =throughout the world 全世界

48. all kinds of 各种各样的many kinds of… a kind/type/sort of

It’s kind of sb. to do sth. be kind to do sth.

49. be polite/rude to sb., be kind to…, be cruel to…, be harmful to…, be friendly to…,

be valuable to…=be of value to… be useful to…=be of use to… be helpful to…········

69. keep fit/ healthy/ silent/ quiet keep in touch with…与……保持联系

get in touch with…与……取得联系

keep (on) doing sth. keep a secret keep a diary keep sb. doing sth.让某人一直做

keep sb. from doing…阻止某人做……keep away from… Keep off the grass!

70.receive / get / have a letter from sb. = hear from sb 收到某人的来信

71.on show = on display/exhibition 展览

72.be filled with / be full of 充满…

73. thanks to 多亏,由于=because of

74.some day =one day (将来)某一天 all day 终日 all night day and night 日日夜夜

in a day or two 一两天内 in the old days 从前,旧社会 day after day 日复一日

the day before yesterday 前天the day after tomorrow 后天 National Day

Women’s Day 妇女节Children’s Day Mother’s Day Father’s Day Teacher s’ Day 75. stop / prevent… (from) doing sth. =keep sb. from doing sth. 防止(阻止)…做某事

stop to do sth.停下来去做某事 stop doing sth.停止做某事

76. set out/off, 出发set up 建立 set an example树立榜样 set fire 纵火,放火烧

77. a place (places) of interest 名胜 interesting places tourist attractions

78.three quarters of the information on the Internet 因特网上四分之三的信息

two thirds of the books三分之二的书 a half 二分之一a quarter 四分之一 one- fifth 五分之一20% of the students= 20 per cent of the students

79. neck and neck势均力敌,不分上下, side by side肩并肩, hand in hand手拉手,

shoulder by shoulder肩并肩, face to face面对面

80. provide sth. for sb. = provide sb. with sth.

81.“动词+介词”短语:这类短语动词的宾语只能放在介词之后

agree with agree to agree on arrive in/at ask for begin with

belong to believe in bring in break into depend on deal with die of dream

of/about feel like feed on get to hear of/about/from… insist on join in… knock

at/on live on lead to look after/for/at pay for quarrel with shout at suffer from send

for succeed in think of/about vote for/against worry about work on get on/off

82.“动词+副词”短语:这类短语动词的宾语如是名词,既可放在副词前又可放在副词后;宾语如果是人称代词,则放在副词之前。

blow away break down break up bring up burn down cut off check out work

out find out eat up give back give off give out hand in/out have on look over look up put on put down put up put away put out pick up point out print out ring up sell out see

off set up take away take up take off

throw away turn on/off turn up/down wash away knock over

“动词+副词+介词”短语

add up to…加上 break away from 脱离 catch up with赶上

do well in go on with继续get along with… 与……相处,进展

look down on/upon look forward to…put up with…忍受run out of…用完

“动词+名词+介词”短语

take care of make use of 利用pay attention to注意

make fun of 取笑 catch hold of 抓住 take part in 参加

take the place of 替代 take pride in 以……为骄傲