自考05844国际商务英语词汇部分

Unit 1: P7

Transaction 交易customs area 关税区in compliance with 遵从；遵照conversion 货币兑换visible trade 有形贸易resale 转售

gross domestic product国内生产总值invisible trade 无形贸易for short 缩写为

account for 占…比例headquarters 总部trap 陷阱，圈套

portfolio investment 证券投资stocks 股票bonds 债券

maturity （票据等）到期，到期日certificate of deposit 大额存单licensing许可经营franchising 特许经营trademark 商标advisable 可行的；适当的patent 专利royalty 专利使用费；版税copyright 版税

licensor 给予许可的人licensee 接受许可的人franchiser 给予特许的人franchisee 接受特许的人logo 标志；标记management contract 管理合同expertise 专门知识bonus 红利；津贴；奖金flat 一律的，无变动的value chain 价值链contract manufacturing 承包工程turnkey project “交钥匙”工程BOT（Build，Operate，Transfer）建设、经营、移交stand for 代表；表示variant 变形/体

Unit 2: P23

potential 潜力clue 线索national income 国民收入GNP 国民生产总值per capita income 人均收入bulk 大量的；大宗的

PPP 购买力平价consumerism 消费，消费主义income distribution 收入分布Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development 经济合作与发展组织

infra structure 基础设施Commonwealth of Independent States 独立国家联合体

staple goods 大路货tap 开发hemisphere 半球observation（经观察而得到的）看法haven 避风港；安全之地spur 促进；刺激creditor country 债权国proximity 临近ASEAN 东南亚国家联盟

Unit 3：P40

witness 亲历，见证economic integration 经济一体化liberalize 使自由

put up barriers 设置障碍fall under分成几部分free trade area自由贸易区tariff rates 关税税率NAFTA北美自由贸易协定customs union 关税同盟detour 迂回；绕行common market 共同市场adoption 使用，采用euro 欧元erode 侵蚀；损害autonomy 自治；自主sovereign state 主权国家political entity 政治实体set the stage of 为、、、做准备；促成monumental 重要的，有纪念意义的landmark 地标；里程碑signatory 签字国；签字人settlement 结算banknotes 纸币；钞票circulation货币流通executive body 行政机构，执行机构European Commission欧盟委员会veto 否决commissioner 委员，特派员，专员council of ministers 部长理事会empower 授予权力multi-polarization 多极化tenet 原则；宗旨Dual-Ministerial Meeting 双部长会议cartel 卡特尔，联盟OPEC 石油输出国组织

Unit4：P57

globalization 全球化frequency 频繁，频率interactive 相互作用的element 要素；组成成分；元素value 价值观acclaim 欢呼；欢迎；喝彩adverse 不利的；反对的controversial 引起争议的instrumental 有作用的internationalization 国际化facilities 设施；设备；工具label 把称为；把归类

employ 用；使用assets 资产incorporate 吸收；合并purport 声称；自称headquarters 总部international economic environment国际经济环境double digit 两位数字survival 继续生存embark（on）开始；从事gigantic 庞大的；巨大的intervene 干预；干涉technical improvements 技术进步derivation 获得day-to-day running 日常管理decentralize 分散；放下（权利）wield 操控；控制jurisdiction 权利；管理范围vehicle 工具；手段delegate power to…对、、、授权affiliate 分支机构；附属机构mover 原动力，推动力

Unit5：P71

define 下定义services 劳务distribution 分布

natural resources 自然资源abundant 丰富的scarce缺少，缺乏

primary commodities 初级产品incentive 刺激specialization 专业化constitute 构成，形成remainder 剩余的，余数hold 认为

in terms of 在…方面illustrate 说明table 表格，图表

assume 假设efficient 有效的，效率高的occur 发生，产生

law 规则，法则even if 即使disadvantage 不利

with respect to 关于exploit 利用，开发static 静止的

endowment of nature 自然的赋予up-to-date 现代的，新式的intuitive 直觉的，直观的appeal 吸引力absolute advantage 绝对利益comparative advantage 比较利益

Unit6：P84

strategic 战略的reduce 减少bulky 笨重的，庞大的perishable 易碎的protectionist 保护主义的barrier障碍

typical 典型的tariffs 关税quota 配额

levy 征收，收取coincide 巧合；偶合customs union 关税联盟

import duties 进口关税export duties 出口关税ad valorem 按价；从价specific 从量的compound duties 复税，混合关税drawback 退税

refund 偿还；退还most-favoured-nation（MFN）treatment 最惠国待遇signatory 签字国concession让步tariff schedule 税率表；税则non-tariff barrier 非关税壁垒impose 加强unilaterally 单方面地

label 标签，标记，标号voluntary 自动的，主动的forthcoming 即将到来的meaning of transport 运输工具inland water vessels 内河船只maritime 海洋的，与海有关的cargo compartment 货仓charter租fleet 舰队insurance保险

vulnerable 脆弱的collision 碰撞pilferage 偷窃explosion 爆炸

place of historical interest 古迹accommodations 膳宿供应immigrant 移民

remittance 汇款undertake 承担

Unit7：P84

climate 环境气氛；风气degenerate 变坏；衰退deal 交易

draw up 制定；拟就respective 各自的；分别的subsequent 随后的，后来的interpretation 解释；说明trade terms 贸易术语；交易条件trading practices 贸易惯例litigation 诉讼，诉争entail 使人承担；使成为必要amendment 修正案；修正条款addition 增加部分revise 修正；修改unitization 使成为一个单位maritime 海的；海上的consolidate 统一，合并render使得；使成为

negotiable 可转让的；可流通的vital 极其重要的，必不可少的whereby 凭借那个，借以premises 生产场所；经营场所disposal 处理；解决departure 离开，启程，出发quay 码头substantive 实质性的

Unit8：P116

set forth 陈述；阐明binding 有约束力的enforceable可实施的

sue起诉trade fairs 商品交易会trunk call 长途电话

enquiry 询盘；询价quotation 报价voluntarily 主动地，自愿地indispensable 必不可少的validity period 有效期offer还盘

unbinding 无约束力的invalid 无效的sales contract 销售合同

sales （purchase）confirmation 售货（购货）确认书setting up 构成，结构，格式consignment 寄售contracting parties 缔约方force majeure不可抗力arbitration 仲裁cotton piece good 棉布cotton yarns 棉纱

hereby 于此hereunder 于下article number 货号

yard 码overleaf 反面bleached 漂白的

Unit9：P127

counter trade 对销贸易；反对贸易allegedly被说成；据说phenomenon 现象terminology 术语generic 总称的net positions 实际寸头adduce 引证empirical 以经验为根据的reciprocal 互惠的；互相的hyperinflation极度通货膨胀literally 照字地，逐字地disarray 混乱

conceptually 概念上地European Payment Union 欧洲支付联盟

competitive devaluation 竞争性贬值pre-specify 预先说明in essence 实质上的intertemporal 不同时的be tied to 固定于photocopying machine 复印机intriguing引起兴趣的，有迷惑力的concurrently 同时发生的 a fraction of一点儿；一部分verify 一部分sophisticated 经验丰富的bypass 避开；置、、、于不顾expertise 专门知识leverage 杠杆作用tap 开发；开辟

conceal 掩盖；隐藏perpetuate 使永久存在processing trade 加工贸易consignment 寄售leasing 租赁agency 代理

Unit10：P141

domestic 国内的status 状况remittance 汇款

debtor 债务人debit 借方；记入借方的款financial standing 财务状况default 违约；不履行职责ban禁止fluctuation波动

hesitant 犹豫，不情愿dubious 可疑integrity 正直；诚实periodic payment 分期付款cash in advance 预付现金draft 汇票（bill of exchange）drawer 出票人drawee 受票人payee受款人

usance draft（tenor draft，term draft）远期汇票documentary draft 跟单汇票

clean draft 光票bill of lading 提单title to the goods 货物所有权insurance policy 保险单documentary collection 跟单托收

documents against payment （D/P）付款交单documents against acceptance（D/A）承兑交单sound 健全；良好with discretion 慎重地；审慎地

Unit11：P154

release 放开gain control over 得到对…的控制objective 目的，目标impeccable 无缺点的bilateral 双边的credit-worthiness 资信unique 独特的security 安全，保障presentation 呈交；提示undertaking 承担applicant 开证申请人opening bank 开证银行beneficiary 受益人correspondent bank 往来行；关系行advising bank 通知行amendment 修改discrepancy 不符confirming bank 保兑行reimburse 付款nominate 指定insufficient 不足的submit提交stipulation 规定expire 满期；到期unit price 单价

partial shipment 分批装运transshipment 转船seal 印章

underlying作为基础的obligation 责任，义务ultimately 最终

Unit12：P167

category 种类fall under 归为…类mechanism 机制

clean credit 光票信用证non-trade settlement非贸易结算revocable credit 可撤销信用证irrevocable credit 不可撤销信用证certainty 确定程度，肯定程度alter 改变commitment 承担的责任cancel 取消，作废consult with 与、、、协商revoke 撤销consent 同意extensively 广泛地indication 指明，表明confirmed credit 保兑信用证leading bank 主要银行double assurance 双重保障involve 牵涉；涉及sight credit 即期信用证usance credit 远期信用证impeccable 正确无误的capital turnover 资金周转maturity 到期discount 贴现face value 面值transferable credit 可转让信用证non-transferable credit 不可转让信用证middleman 中间人non-draft credit 无汇票信用证deferred payment 推迟付款revolving credit 循环信用证renew 恢复reinstate 使复原contracting parties 合同各方，缔约各方sustain 遭受，蒙受insolvent 无支付能力的bankrupt 破产的

Unit13：P180

documents 单据take delivery of 提（货）delay 延误，迟延discrepancy 不符conformity 一致，相符description 描述commission 佣金discount 折扣shipping marks 唛头

seal 印章；图章signature 签字comply with 符合

in general terms 用概括性的词语，用一般性词语表达exceed 超过memos 备忘录，便笺bill of lading 提单carrier 承运人shipper 货主，托运人carriage 运输consignee 收货人notify party 被通知人payable 应支付的，可支付的devoid of 没有，缺少liability 责任；义务airway bill 空运提单cargo receipt 铁路运单，货运收据insurance policy 保险单function 功能；作用the insured 被保险人currency 货币settle 清算；结算

Unit14：P193

fundamental 极其重要的efficiency 效率primitive 原始的

in a broad sense 从广义上讲grocery 食品；杂货distinct 与其他明显不同的；独特的natural product provinces 产品自然领域urgency 紧迫；急迫perform 执行；完成carrier 承运人。运载工具common carrier 公共承运人contract carrier 契约承运人private carrier 自有承运人administer 掌管；料理…的事discrimination区别对待，歧视

location 地点tendency 趋势；趋向peculiarities 独特性，特色stringent 严格的entrepreneur 企业家，业主intermediate product 中间产品finished products 制成品introduction 引进；传入per-unit 每一单位

offset 抵消community 社区self-sufficient 自给自足intercourse 交流eliminate 排除；根除shipper 托运人；发货人；dynamic 有力的，能动的deregulation 撤销管制规定的shackle 束缚；

inventory 存货；库存just-in-time inventory 零库存thrust 猛力推动globalization 全球化limelight 舞台照明灯光；注意的中心mature 成熟的；（票据）到期impact 影响；作用potential 潜在的；有潜力的logistics 物流

Unit15：P205

survey 概括的了解；概括的研究insured 被保险人；保户transfer 转移

insurer 承保人enterprise 企业；公司uncertainty 难以预料；不稳定damage 损害；损坏redecoration 重新装饰gut 损毁…的内部

pool 统筹的资金；共同款项premium 保险费circumstance 境遇；景况claim 索赔client 顾客；主顾predict 预料；预计accuracy 准确性；精确性margin 保证金draw 提取；支取

stimulus 刺激；激励（物）emergency 紧急需要jeopardy 危险；风险viability 生存proportion 部分；份儿multi-modal 多种方式的share 一份；一部分hinterland 内地handmaiden 起服务（或辅助）作用的事物scoop 挖空cover 给…保险；弥补，抵偿（损失等）

Unit16：P217

conform 一致；符合subsidiary 附带的；次要的policy 保险单

doctrine 信条utmost good faith 最大诚信be tempted to 受诱惑做…事crucial 决定性的，关键性的port of origin 货物原产地港口brand-new 崭新的platinum 铂，白金voidable 可使无效的；可以取消的limb 上（下）肢unintentional 非故意的，不是存心的indemnity 损失赔偿tie up 占用

contribution 分摊pro rate 按比例Ford car （美国）福特轿车percentage 百分比；（全部中的）所占比例breach 违反，不履行subrogation 代位；取代negligent 疏忽的，玩忽的diminish 减少；降低forwarding charges 交货费用proximate cause of the loss 导致损失的直接原因

Unit17：P230

exchange rate 汇率，兑换率gold standard 本金位制pledge 保证

peg 钉住；挂钩par value 平价redeem 赎买，把纸币兑换为金银degeneration 退化，衰退offset 抵消contract 收缩；缩小

vehicle 工具，媒介fluctuation 波动reserve currency 储备货币interaction 交互作用clean float 清洁浮动dirty float 肮脏浮动

discount 贴现vice versa 反过来也是这样，反之亦然raise 筹集

curb 控制，抑制vulnerable 脆弱的，易受伤害的drain 流失，消耗

idle funds 游资direct quote （汇率）直接标价indirect quote（汇率）间接标价buying rate 买入价selling rate 卖出价medial rate 中间价

Unit18：P245

multilateral 多变的，多国参加的channel 开辟途径，引导financial resource 资金subscribe 任捐；任缴，认购finance 提供资金retain 保留，保存earnings 收益，盈利grace 宽限spell out 详细说明，明确规定eligible 有条件被选中的，合格的criterion 标准；准则subscription 捐助，认捐replenishments 补充或增加的（资金）maturity 到期mobilize 调动；动员prerequisite 必备条件，先决条件（后接for）mandate 使命mitigation 减轻implementation 实施sponsor 发起；举办facilities 设施

well-being 幸福，福利，生活integrate 使成为一体，使结合nutrition 营养population-planning 人口计划cornerstone 基石stringent 严格的tranche 一份；一部分cyclical 周期性的standby 备用的

random 胡乱的，随机的reserve 储备金；准备金permanent 长期不变的，固定的

Unit19：P260

whereby 以…方式instinctive 直觉的returns 收益；利润plausible 貌似有理的far-fetched 牵强的beverage 饮料

integrated 综合的tuna 金枪鱼cannery 罐头食品厂pharmaceutical 制药的biogenetics 生物遗传学biotechnology生物工艺学next to 几乎V olkswagon 大众汽车inventory 存货

minimize 减到最低限度be at work 起作用get around 绕开，避开

tax holiday 免税期rebate 减少incentive 刺激illustrating 能很好说明问题的outmoded 过时的recruit 招聘人员acquisition 并购start from scratch 白手起家；从零开始

joint venture 合资企业parent 母公司；总公司；entrench 根深蒂固的synergy 协同作用；增效作用pitfall 陷阱；意想不到的困难或危险

Unit20：P273

investor 投资者securities 有价证券channel 途径，门径finance 资金支援，资金statute 法令；法规；equities（股息不定的）普通股，股票raise 筹资indices （index的复数）指数gilt 金边债券

abiding 持久不变的；永久的broker 经纪人；中介人；jobber 股票买卖经纪人uphold维护；支持well-establish 已确立的；完善的enforcement 实施；执行rigorous 严格的qualifications 资格govern 管理

standing committee 常务委员会oversee 监督discipline 执行纪律

in breach of 违反criteria （criterion复数形式）标准V AT（value added tax）增值税shortfall 亏空；不足hedge 保护；防御underlying 基本的，根本的

co-opt 将…选为（或指定为）新成员；指定…为同事（助手）

practitioner 开业者expertise 专门知识sophisticated 先进的；尖端的

Unit21：P288

accession to 加入be traced back to 追溯到controversy 争议，争论stillborn 流产的，夭折的conduit 管道，渠道framework 框架，机构Generalized System of Preferences 普惠制non-discriminate 不加区别的，非歧视的auspices 赞助，支持，主办protracted 长期曲折的predecessor 前任，原来的事物

cumulative 积累的dimension 方面；部分optimal 最优的

entity 实体trade-fledged 完全合格的；名副其实的biennial 两年一次的clout 影响verdict 裁决，判决tariff concession 关税减让reciprocate 回报round合同triple 三倍于akin to 类似的；相同的institutional strength 制度力量；行政力量contracting party 缔约方；缔约国

threshold 门栏；开端protracted 漫长的；曲折的topical 热门的；时兴的interim 临时的trillion 万亿counter-veiling measures 反补贴措施

anti-dumping 反倾销national treatment 国民待遇tariff quota 关税配额Unit22：P304

perennial 反复的，一再的proclaim 宣告；宣布convene 召集（会议）ECOSOC 联合国经济及社会理事会formulate 规划（制度等）；构想出（计划、方法等）forum 公开讨论的机会；论坛deteriorate 恶化；变化decline 下降

terms of trade 贸易条件invoke 求助于（法律等）；行驶（法权等）

escape 使逃避约束（或规则等）的escape clauses 免责条款；例外条款

inadequate 不充分的prosperity 兴旺；繁荣territory 领土；领地

step up 增加；逐步提高exploitation 剥削；榨取colony 殖民地

draft 起草；草拟action programme 行动纲领procedural 程序的

organ 机关；机构conference （正式）会议（尤指年会）

preference 优先（权）；优先选择（权），（对某国进行关税或某顾客货价的）优惠，特惠

自考英语(二)常考英语词汇

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