定语从句

定语从句

一、定义：在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的引导词分为：关系代词who,whom,whose,which,that等，和关系副词wher e,when,why等，关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成份，不可省略。

1.由who引导的定语从句中，who用作主语，如：Thisistheboywhooftenhelpsme.

2.由whom引导的定语从句中，whom用作宾语，如：Themanwhomyouarewaitingforhasgonehome.

3.由whose引导的定语从句中，whose用作定语，如：Doyouknowthegirlwhoseskirtiswhite?

4.由which引导的定语从句中，which用作主语或谓语动词的宾语或介词的宾语。

(1)

5.

(5)先行词既有人又有物时，

如:Theytalkaboutpersonsandthingsthattheymet.

(6)当句中已有who时,为避免重复，

如：Whoisthemanthatisgivingustheclass?

6.由when,where,why引导的定语从句，

如:Idon'tknowthereasonwhyhewaslate.

Thisistheplacewher ewehavelivedfor5years.

I'llneverforgetthedaywhenImetMrLiforthefirsttime.

注意：先行词是表示地点时，如果从句的谓语动词是及物的，就用that(which)，如果从句的谓语动词是不及物的，就用where引导。

Thisisthehousewhich/thathehaslivedinfor15years.(wher ehehaslivedfor15year.)

7、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句：

8、（1）限制性定语从句是句中不可缺少的组成部分，主句和从句之间不用逗号隔开，引导限制性定语从句的关系代词有：who,wh

om,whose,which,ofwhich等，这些关系代词都不可省。

（2）非限制性定语从句是对主句先行词的补充说明，没有这种从句，不影响主句意思的完整性，一般用逗号将其与主句隔开，关系代词

用which,不用that;指人时可用who.

1.Thesilk_______ismadeinHangzhousellswell.

A.that

B.who

C.what

D./

2.Theman_______todayleftthismessageforyou.

A.called

B.hascalled

C.whomcalled

D.whocalled

3.Doyoulivenearthebuilding______colorisyellow?

A.that

B.which

C.whose

D.its

4.Hehelpedhisfather onthefarm______theylived.

A.which

B.that

C.when

D.wher e

5.I’moneoftheboys_____neverlateforschool.

A.thatis

B.whois

C.whoar e

D.whoam

6.All_____shouldbedonehasbeendone.

A.what

B.which

C.that

D.whatever

7.Jacktoldmeeverything_______heknewaboutit.

A.what

B.that

C.which

D.who

8.Myfatherworksinthefactory______thistypeoftruckismade.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

?19.Thisisthebesthotelinthecity_____Iknow.

?A.where??B.which??C.that??D.it

?20.Canyoulendmethedictionary______theotherday？

?A.thatyoubought???B.youboughtit

?C.thatyouboughtit??D.whichyouboughtit

?21.Anyone______withwhatIsaidmayputupyouhands. ??A.whichagrees??B.whoagr ee

???C.whoagrees??D.whichagr ee

???22.Mywatchisnottheonlything______ismissing.

???A.that??B.it??C.which??D.who

???23.Theman______coatisblackiswaitingatthegate

?A.who’s??B.whose??C.that??D.ofwhich.

???24.Thegirl______isreadingunderthetr ee_____mysister. ???A.which；is??B.whom；was??C.who；is??D.who；was ???25.Iloveplaces______thepeoplear ereallyfriendly.

which引导的定语从句

关于which引导从句的小结： 关系代词which 一般指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或定语，既可引导限制性定语从句，又可引导非限制性定语从句。 1. 引导限制性定语从句 A shop should keep a stock of those goods which sell best. [ stock存货] 商店应存有最畅销的货物。 This is the family which is planning to move to the city 这是要搬进城里的一家。 2. 引导非限制性定语从句。 （1 ）用来指代一个句子。 Internet is so interesting, which makes all possible happen. 因特网是如此有趣，它使任何事都有可能发生。 （2 ）用来指代句子的一部分。 When deep in thought, which he often was, he would forget all around him. 他常常陷入沉思，这时他就会忘掉周围的一切。 （3 ）如果要引导两个非限制性定语从句，第二个which 前要加and. He bought a book, which was written by LuXun, and which he decided to give to his friend. 他买了本鲁迅写的书，他决定送给朋友。

练习1. [1. board董事会 2. data资料,数据 3. shareholder 【英】股东 4. on behalf of代表 5. guard保护] The ability to guard customer data is the key to market value, which the board is responsible for on behalf of shareholders. which的先行词是谁？ 译文：保护客户资料的能力是市场价值的关键，董事会代表股东对市场价值负有责任。 【难点小结：1.介词短语 2.which 的先行词 3. 非限制性定语从句有时要翻译成一句话】 例2. 【1.semiconductor半导体 2. casualty伤亡，灭亡，覆灭 3.< A sit at the heart of B> A是B的核心】

定语从句(3)从句的本质

定语从句（3）从句的本质 从句的本质是：句子作成分/词类 在简单句中，成分都是由单词或短语充当的： I know you. 主语是I ；谓语是know ；宾语是you I enjoy reading novels. 主语是I ；谓语是know ；宾语是reading novels（动宾短语） I know he is ill. 主语是I ；谓语是know ；宾语是he is ill（句子）我们可以看出：最后的句子He is ill 是作了句子成分的，作宾语，因此可以叫它为“宾语从句” 从另一个角度来说：这个句子相当于一个名词，因此可以叫做“名词性从句” That she finished reading an English novel surprised us all. 上面的句子当中，句子She finished reading an English novel作了主语，因此叫“主语从句”，也相当于名词，还可以叫做“名词性从句”

She finished reading an Englishnovel yesterday. She finished reading an Englishnovel at the age of 12. She finished reading an Englishnovel when she was 12. 从上面的变化情况我们可以看出，从单词作成分，短语作成分到句子作成分，作的都是状语，因此从句叫“状语从句”，或叫“副词性从句”。 The little girl finished reading an English novel. The girl in school uniform finished reading an English novel. The girl who is 12 finished reading an English novel.从上面的变化情况我们可以看出，从单词作成分，短语作成分到句子作成分，作的都是定语，因此从句叫“定语从句”，或叫“形容词性从句”。

(完整word版)英语定语从句用法详解

英语定语从句用法详解 在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的有关系代词who, whom, whose, which, that等和关系副词where, when, why等，关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成份。 1.由who引导的定语从句中，who用作主语，如：This is the boy who often helps me. 2.由whom引导的定语从句中，whom用作宾语，如：The man whom you are waiting for has gone home. 3.由whose引导的定语从句中，whose用作定语，如：Do you know the girl whose skirt is white? 4.由which引导的定语从句中，which用作主语或谓语动词的宾语或介词的宾语，如： The room in which there is a machine is a work shop. The river which is in front of my house is very clean. This is the pen which you want. 注意： (1)whom, which用作介词宾语时，介词可放在whom、which之前，也可放在从句原来的位置上；但在含有介词的动词固定词组中，介词只能放在原来的位置上。如：He is the very person whom we must take good care of. (2)引导非限制性定语从句时，必须用关系代词which，不用that,如：I have lost my bag, which I like very much. (3)关系代词在句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须和先行词保持一致。 5.由that引导的定语从句中，that可以指人或物，在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语，但不能放在介词后面作介词宾语，如： The book that I bought yesterday was written by Lu Xun. 注意在下面几种情况下必须用that引导定语从句。 (1)先行词是不定代词all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything等，如： All that we have to do is to practise English. (2)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，如 The first letter that I got from him will be kept. (3)先行词被all, any, every, each, few, little, no, some等修饰，如 I've eaten up all the food that you gave me. (4)先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时如 He is the only person that I want to talk with. (5)先行词既有人又有物时，如: They talked about persons and things that they met. (6)当句中已有who时，为避免重复，如：Who is the man that is giving us the class? 6.由when, where, why引导的定语从句，如: I don't know the reason why he was late. This is the place where we have lived for 5 years. I'll never forget the day when I met Mr Li for the first time. 注意：先行词是表示地点时，如果从句的谓语动词是及物的，就用that(which)，如果从句的谓语动词是不及物的，就用where引导。This is the house Which /that he has lived in for 15 years.(Where he has lived for 15 year.)

where引导定语从句的用法

Where引导定语从句,先行词不一定都表 示地点 1、We will discuss a number of cases __ beginners of English fail to use the language preperly、A、which B、as C、why D、where 2、He was driving so fast as to get himself into a dangerous situation ___he is likely to lose the control over his car、 A、which B、as C、why D、where 两道题都选where ,但就是case, situation都不就是地点,如何理解？ 在“先行词不就是表示地点的名词”的前提下,如何判断就是否使用关系副词where来引导定语从句的问题就是一个高频考点。就就是说,关系副词where 所指代的先行词不只就是表示地点的名词。

用Where引导定语从句,先行词不一定都表示地点按照通常的理解,当where 引导定语从句时,它的先行词就就是表示地点的名词,但事实并不就是我们想象的那么简单。很多情况下,where所指代的先行词并不表示地点。请瞧以下几个例句: Other research, where siblings have been asked to say who their mother and father favor, suggests that mothers do tend to show a preference for their first-born son, but fathers often show great affection for their youngest daughters、 1、Remember that the best relationship is one where your love for each other is greater than your need for each other、请记住,最深的感情关系表现为彼此间的爱超过彼此间的需要。

英语定语从句简介

语法1 ( )1. How dangerous! She was driving the car with one hand and holding an ice cream with ____. A. the other B. another C. others D. other ( )2. _____ they are very tired, they feel happy because t hey’ve finally finished their project. A.So B. Although C. If D. But ( )3. Yesterday evening, I _____ along the street when I suddenly met my maths teacher. A. walk B. walked C. was walking D. am walking ( )4. The story ______ I read the newspaper was about a common problem among teenagers. A.whose B. who C. that D. where ( )5. May I have a rest? I have already finished ______ the report. A. write B. writing C. to write D. written ( )6. –Excuse me, can I smoke here? --No, ______. A. you must B. you’d not better C. you can D. you’d better not ( )7. –I feel a bit hungry now. -- Why not _____ for dinner with us? A. go B. did you go C. to go D. do you go ( )8. The actress is already 50, but she looks ______ than she really is. A. young B. more young C. more younger D. much younger ( )9. I hear the tall girl wearing glasses is your new classmate. She’s from America, _____ ? A. has she B. isn’t she C. hasn’t she D. does she ( )10. I can’t remember _____ I put the book, and I need it for my homework now. A. where B. how C. what D. why 16．--Is this ____book you were talking about yesterday? --Yes，thank you very much. A．a B．all C. the D．不填 17. I asked her _____the bag because it was too expensive． A. not to buy B. to buy not C．not buying D．not buy 18．--It’s surprising that he got such a high mark! --Yes. I wonder ________ it． A．how did he do B．how he did C．why did he do D．that he did 1 9．Although you may meet some difficulties，you should never ______．A．turn up B．get up C．give up D．grow up 20．You _______ be hungry after the long walk．Help yourself to some cakes．A．can’t B．shouldn’t C．need D．must 21．--I’ve got the final Harry Potter book．

定语从句练习3

定语从句 一．单项选择定语从句的用法 1. This is the bag _____ my mother bought yesterday. A. that B. who C. whom D. this 2. The man _____ lives next to us is my English teacher. A. who m B. which C. who D. / A. the one B. that C. which D. / 6. The only language _____ is easy to learn is the mother tongue. A. which B. that C. / D. it 7. The girl handed everything _____ she had picked up in the street to the police. A. which B. in which C. that D. all 8. _____ cleans the blackboard should be praised. A. That B. Who C. The one who D. The students who 9. Please show me the book _____ you bought yesterday. A. which B. whom C. whose D. this 10. This is the best book _____ I have been looking for all this year. A. who B. whom C. which

定语从句(完整版)

定语从句 定语从句及相关术语 1.定语从句：定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。 2.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, whi ch, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有where, when, why等。关系词常有3个作用：1，引导定语从句。2，代替先行词。3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。 注：关系代词有主语.宾语之分。一般whom作为宾语。 4.定语：定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用‘……的’表示。主要由形容词担任。此外，名词，代词，数词，分词，副词，不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任．单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。 先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词、代词称为先行词。 （一）限定性定语从句 一、关系代词（在句中作主语、宾语或定语） 1. that既可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语，that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词，which在从句中作宾语也可以省略。[eg：this is the book （which）you want。]而且，如果which在从句中作“不及物动词＋介词”的介词的宾语，注意介词不要丢掉，而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边，但有的则放在它原来的位置 2. which作宾语时，根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系，先行词与which之间的介词不能丢 3. 代表物时多用which，但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which，这些词包括当先行词是anyt hing, everything, nothing , none等不定代词时，或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, muc h等修饰时等，这时的that常被省略还有先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,或先行词就是序数词或最高级时.以及先行词中既有人又有物时.还有句中前面有which时,都只能用that 4. who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人，分别作从句中的主语和宾语，whom作宾语时，要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语 5. whose是关系代词，修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格.它引导的从句可以修饰人和物, 当它引导的从句修饰物体时, 可以与of which 调换,表达的意思一样。 二、关系副词（在句中作状语） 关系副词=介词+关系代词 why=for which where=in/ at/ on/ ... which (介词同先行词搭配) when=during/ on/ in/ ... which (介词同先行词搭配) 1. where是关系副词，用来表示地点的定语从句。 2. when引导定语从句表示时间［注］值得一提的是，表示时间“time"一词的定语从句只用when引导，有时不用任何关系代词，当然也不用that引导。 By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks. I still remembe r the first time I met her. Each time he goes to business trip, he brings a lot of living necessiti es, such as towels, soap, toothbrush etc。

语法知识—定语从句的图文答案

一、选择题 1．The foreigner teaches English in our school is from England. A．what B．which C．who 2．Do you know the girl_______ is drawing a picture? A．when B．whose C．which D．who 3．-- Class, you should be thankful to those people _______ helped and supported you. -- We will. Miss Chen. A．which B．whom C．who D．whose 4．The TV play is about a true story_______ happened in a small village a few years ago. A．what B．when C．where D．that 5．After retiring, my teacher Mr. Dai moved to the village he was born sixty years ago. A．when B．which C．where D．what 6．Mrs. Green is proud of her daughter, a nurse ______________is hard-working and looks after patients well. A．who B．whose C．whom 7．The film _____________ I like best is Frozen. A．who B．where C．which 8．Yuan Longping is a Chinese scientist __________ is leading a research to develop sea rice. A．whose B．which C．who 9．— Have you heard of the famous Huawei company? —Sure. It’s one of the greatest companies ________ make us Chinese proud. A．which B．that C．what D．who 10．A detective is someone ____________looks for clues to something important. A．whom B．who C．what D．which 11．Yang Liwei is the first Chinese astronaut ___________went into space. A．which B．who C．whose D．whom 12．—Yesterday was my birthday. My father sent me a CD _____was made by TF Boys. —You must be very happy to receive it. A．who B．whom C．which D．what 13．-Linda, can you tell me something about Mo Yan? -Sure. He is the writer _____________won the Nobel Literature Prize. A．which B．whose C．who D．whom 14．That ________ does not kill us makes us stronger. A．that B．what C．who D．which 15．Please remember to bring the clothes_________you bought yesterday.

英语定语从句用法总结

英语定语从句用法总结 定语从句，一个简单句跟在一名词或代词后关系代词的用法：1. 作主语用who, which和that, 如： He is the man who/that lives next door. The train which/that has just left is for Shenzhen. 2. 作宾语用whom, who, which, that, 如： The man we have just seen is a famous writer. Where is the book I bought last week? 注：在非正式文体中，用于指人的关系代词who whom, that 通常可以省略，但在正式文体中通常用whom, 不可省略;用于指物的关系代词which和that 在非正式文体中也通常省略，但在正式文体中一般不省略。 3. 作定语用whose, 如： It was a meeting whose importance I did not realize at that time. 注：“whose +名词中心词”这一结构在定语从句中既能作主语 He’s written a book the name of which I’ve completely forgotten. 4. 作表语只用that ，它既可以指人，也可以指物，但时常省略。如： He is no longer the man that he used to be.

This is no longer the dirty place we met yesterday. 3. why指原因或理由，它的先行词只有reason。如： That is the reason why he is leaving so soon. 注：why时常也可以省略。如： That is the real reason he did it. + which; where = in he arrived. The office where he works is on the third floor. This is the chief reason why we did it. 2. 当先行词是表时间的time, day等和表地点的place, house等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或 宾语时，关系词应该用which或that, 缺少时间状语或地点 状语时，才能用when或where，试比较： I’ll never forget the day when my hometown was liberated. I’ll never forget the days which/that we spent together last summer. His father works in a factory where radio parts are made. His father works in a factory which/that makes radio parts. 3. when和where既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导 非限制性定语从句。而why 只

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