文学英语赏析课程作业评讲(4)

《文学英语赏析》课程作业评讲（4）

中央电大

题目：

1. Reading English literature is a necessary activity for English majors like you. Do you agree or disagree with the statement? Why or why not?

2. The following quotations are all from the coursebook. Do you agree or disagree with them? Why or why not? Choose one of the quotations to comment on.

a. Freedom and power bring responsibility.

b. Studies pass into and influence manners.

c. They (meaning suspicions) dispose kings to tyranny, husbands to jealousy, wise men to irresolution and melancholy.

d. The tongue… is like a sharp knife: it kills without drawing blood.

e. To keep your marriage brimming/with love in the loving cup, /whenever you’re wrong, admit it;/whenever you’re right, shut up!

f. Words and eggs must be handles with care. /Once broken they are impossible/things to repair.

g. A poor life this, if, full of care, /We have no time to sand and stare.

知识点

1. 对于文学阅读以及赏析的重要性的认识。

2. 对于英语文学作品中一些经典语句的的理解以及小论文的写作。

标准答案

1. （key points）

Reading English literature shall help us learn more language and improve our proficiency in English overall.

(1)The language of literary texts is generally much more carefully and artfully used than for most other kinds of texts (such as newspaper, etc.). This means that literary texts offer a resource for expanding your range of vocabulary, your repertoire of grammatical structures, and your sensitivity to style, and the way the language is used to convey subtle nuances of meaning.

(2)Literature is also the vehicle for cultural information and for knowledge about world. This should help us to become more curious about the ways other people live, more tolerant about difference, and more able to see our own ways of doing

things more clearly. Literature opens windows on the world.

(3)Literature touches our lives as people. It helps us to become more reflective, more sensitive and ultimately, more mature as people. We not only acquire more language in the process but we also acquire a better understanding of ourselves and how we relate to others.

2． (Students answers will vary).

分析说明

1. 这个题目实际上是就同学们对本课程学习意义的理解的一个强化。在教材的第一单元就已经很明确的向同学们分析了学习该课程的意义。所以同学们在动笔之前，可以再重新复习一下unit 1的内容。这里做了3个方面的提示，同学们可以全部提及，也可以主要论述其中的一个方面。因为这是陈述个人观点和感受的小论文，所以没有必要大而全，同时，在论述观点的时候如果加一些个人实际的example会比较真实。

2. 要以这些quotation为主题写小论文，必须理解其涵义。这几句quotations的主要意思如下：

a. Freedom and power bring responsibility.

自由和权力与责任是密不可分的。

b. Studies pass into and influence manners.

学习对人的言行举止有潜移默化的影响。

c. They (meaning suspicions) dispose kings to tyranny, husbands to jealousy, wise men to irresolution and melancholy.

猜疑让统治者施暴政，猜疑使大丈夫生嫉妒，猜疑致聪明人履彷徨。

d. The tongue… is like a sharp knife: it kills without drawing blood.

语言……尤若利刃，弑人无血。

e. To keep your marriage brimming/with love in the loving cup, /whenever you’re wrong, admit it;/whenever you’re right, shut up!

若要保持您的婚姻/情意绵绵，/认错切莫犹豫，/无错其口三缄。

f. Words and eggs must be handles with care. /Once broken they are impossible/things to repair.

鸡蛋要轻拿轻放，言语要仔细思量。蛋破无法补，言出不可收。

g. A poor life this, if, full of care, /We have no time to stand and stare.

这是多么贫乏的人生，充满烦愁

若我们没时间停留下来凝眸。

最后这句诗如果脱离全问理解起来很难。这里提供英文全文及翻译。

LEISURE

(By W. H. Davis)

What is this life if, full of care,

We have no time to stand and stare?

No time to stand beneath the boughs And stare as long as sheep and cows.

No time to see, when woods we pass, Where squirrels hide their nuts in grass.

No time to see, in broad daylight Streams full of stars, like skies at night.

No time to turn at Beauty's glance,

And watch her feet, how they can dance.

No time to wait till her mouth can

Enrich that smile her eyes began.

A poor life this if, full of care,

We have no time to stand and stare.

休闲

（作者：戴维斯）

这是什么样的人生，充满烦愁

若我们没时间停留下来凝眸？

没时间到树荫下伫立

久久看着牛羊嬉戏。

没时间看，在大白天

溪流光影闪耀，如夜空灿烂。

没时间去追伊人的美目

看她纤纤玉足，如何飞舞。

没时间等着看她嘴角轻动

丰富了双眼开启的笑容。

这是多么贫乏的人生，充满烦愁

若我们没时间停留下来凝眸。

（W.H.Davis，自然诗人，1871-1940）

大学英语(3)课程作业

大学英语(3)课程作业_A 一单选题 1. When I said that some people are stupid I was not ___ you. reference refer referring referring to 本题分值： 4.0 用户得分： 0.0 用户解答： reference 标准答案：referring to 2. ___ your step，or you might fall into the water. See Watch Miss Look at 本题分值： 4.0 用户得分： 0.0 用户解答： See 标准答案：Watch 3. Professor Lee visits China almost ___. twice a year a twice year a year twice a year two times 本题分值： 4.0 用户得分： 4.0 用户解答： twice a year 标准答案： twice a year 4. The missing boys were last seen ___ near the river. playing to be playing play to play 本题分值： 4.0 用户得分： 4.0 用户解答： playing

5. China is ___ old country with ___ long history. the, a a, an an, a an, the 本题分值： 4.0 用户得分： 0.0 用户解答： the, a 标准答案：an, a 6. I learn ___ my cost that a broken leg can be very painful. at on to in 本题分值： 4.0 用户得分： 0.0 用户解答： at 标准答案：to 7. It was ___ that he had to ask for help. a so big work a so big job such a big work a such big job 本题分值： 4.0 用户得分： 0.0 用户解答： a so big work 标准答案：such a big work 8. There was ___ in the meeting room. no one another anyone the one 本题分值： 4.0 用户得分： 0.0 用户解答： no one

高中英语选修课：英语文学欣赏 Sister Carrie 学生版讲义资料

Chapter III WEE QUESTION OF FORTUNE--FOUR-FIFTY A WEEK Once across the river and into the wholesale district, she glanced about her for some likely door at which to apply. As she contemplated the wide windows and imposing signs, she became conscious of being gazed upon and understood for what she was--a wage-seeker. She had never done this thing before, and lacked courage. To avoid a certain indefinable shame she felt at being caught spying about for a position, she quickened her steps and assumed an air of indifference supposedly common to one upon an errand. In this way she passed many manufacturing and wholesale houses without once glancing in. At last, after several blocks of walking, she felt that this would not do, and began to look about again, though without relaxing her pace. A little way on she saw a great door which, for some reason, attracted her attention. It was ornamented by a small brass sign, and seemed to be the entrance to a vast hive of six or seven floors. "Perhaps," she thought, "They may want some one," and crossed over to enter. When she came within a score of feet of the desired goal, she saw through the window a young man in a grey checked suit. That he had anything to do with the concern, she could not tell, but because he happened to be looking in her direction her weakening heart misgave her and she hurried by, too overcome with shame to enter. Over the way stood a great six- story structure, labelled Storm and King, which she viewed with rising hope. It was a wholesale dry goods concern and employed women. She could see them moving about now and then upon the upper floors. This place she decided to enter, no matter what. She crossed over and walked directly toward the entrance. As she did so, two men came out and paused in the door. A telegraph messenger in blue dashed past her and up the few steps that led to the entrance and disappeared. Several pedestrians out of the hurrying throng which filled the sidewalks passed about her as she paused, hesitating. She looked helplessly around, and then, seeing herself observed, retreated. It was too difficult a task. She could not go past them. So severe a defeat told sadly upon her nerves. Her feet carried her mechanically forward, every foot of her progress being a satisfactory portion of a flight which she gladly made. Block after block passed by. Upon streetlamps at the various corners she read names such as Madison, Monroe, La Salle, Clark, Dearborn, State, and still she went, her feet beginning to tire upon the broad stone flagging. She was pleased in part that the streets were bright and clean. The morning sun, shining down with steadily increasing warmth, made the shady side of the streets pleasantly cool. She looked at the blue sky overhead with more realisation of its charm than had ever come to her before. Her cowardice began to trouble her in a way. She turned back, resolving to hunt up Storm and King and enter. On the way, she encountered a great wholesale shoe company, through the broad plate windows of which she saw an enclosed executive

大学英语4第一次作业

大学英语4 第一次作业 一、单选题 (共90.00分) 1.How did the writer feel when his father advised him to try Westminster College of Law? A.He felt shameful and refused to take the advice. B.The advice was useful and realistic, but going to a much less famous school than the previous one hurt his self-esteem. C.He thought it easy to attend Westminster College of Law. D.He didn’t take it seriously and ignore the advice. 正确答案：B 2.What do you think resulted in the writer’s success? A.He had a strong dignity. B.The writer had the talent of a lawyer, which the dean of the University of Colorado School of Law had mistaken him. C.Westminster College of Law is better than the University of Colorado School of Law. D.His ambition, diligence and taking advantage of chances. 正确答案：B 3.The writer had tried very hard and got enrolled by the University of Colorado School of Law. A.True B.False正确答案：B 4.The writer’s father understood very well why his son had been ki cked out of the University of Colorado. A.True B.False正确答案：A 5.The writer didn’t feel proud when he went back to the University of Colorado after graduation. A.True B.False正确答案：B 6.We should try to _______ all educational opportunities. A.take advantages of B.take the advantage of C.take advantage of D.take advantage with正确答案：C 7.In given conditions, bad things can _______ good results. A.lead to B.results in C.issued in D.lead in正确答案：A 8.I’ll tell our manager about it and ask him to _______ you. A.connect to B.connect C.contact with D.contact正确答案：D 9.She has long been hoping to become the _______ manager. A.assistant B.assistants C.assistance D.assisted正确答案：A 10.The earthquake _______ several stores in the business area. A.damage B.blasted C.hurt D.destroyed正确答案：D 11.I’ll let you borrow it _______ you lend me your bicycle in return. A.on a condition B.on conditions C.on one condition D.in one condition正确答案：C 12.The doctor will see you again next week. _______ you must rest as much as possible. A.Meanwhile B.Otherwise C.Also D.Moreover正确答案：A 13.After the accident it took a long time before she had the _______ to get on a plane again. A.encourage B.courageous C.confident D.confidence正确答案：D 14.Is it worthwhile putting so many resources toward something that is _______ a reliable thing? A.nothing but B.anything but C.something but D.everything but正确答案：B 15.What food did Amy like most? A.The roasted turkey. B.The sweet potatoes. C.The cooked fish. D.The soft fish cheek. 正确答案：D 16.When she knew that Robert would come for the Christmas dinner, Amy was so excited that she cried. A.True B.False正确答案：B

如何开发利用英语课程资源

如何开发利用英语课程资源 摘要英语教学的特点之一是要使学生尽可能多地从不同渠道、以不同形式接触和学习英语，亲身感受和直接体验语言及语言运用。因此，随着英语课程改革的深入，课程资源的重要性日益显现，积极开发和合理利用课程资源是实施初中英语课程的重要环节。 关键词英语课程资源 英语教学的特点之一是要使学生尽可能多地从不同渠道、以不同形式接触和学习英语，亲身感受和直接体验语言及语言运用。因此，随着英语课程改革的深入，课程资源的重要性日益显现，积极开发和合理利用课程资源是实施初中英语课程的重要环节。那么，如何开发利用初中英语课程资源呢？ 一、加强对英语课程资源理解 1、英语课程资源的定义与分类 根据新课标对课程资源的描述，我们可以将其定义为：“设计、实施和评价整个英语课程编制过程中可资利用的一切人力、物力以及自然资源的总和。”从功能特点出发，课程资源可分为素材性资源和条件性资源；按存在方式，可分为显性课程资源和隐性课程资源；按空间分布，可分为学校资源、家庭资源和社会资源；对于英语学科来说，除了教

材以外，歌曲、工具书、动画卡通、电影、报刊、文学作品、电脑软件、网络资源、教师、学生、家长等等，都是有用的课程资源。 2、开发和利用英语课程资源的意义 开发和利用英语课程资源具有重要意义。其一，有利于学生丰富的语言输入与广泛的语言实践，有助于培养学生的“自主学习”意识和“跨文化”意识，使英语教学真正“活”起来，提高学生综合运用英语的能力。其二，有利于英语教师开阔教育视野，转变教育观念，完善教学策略，形成独特的教学风格。其三，有利于英语教师整合课内外资源，达到较好的教学效果。具体来说，包括三方面。一是通过灵活处理教材，使教学内容符合学生的个性发展，调动学生的学习兴趣。二是通过分析和研究教材，增强教师的创新意识，提高教师的个人素质和业务水平。三是通过反思教材，改变课堂教学方式，提升教师的课程意识，使教师掌握课程开发的技能。 二、开发与利用英语课程资源的原则 1、优先性原则 学生需要学习的东西很多，学习时间有限，因而必须在可能的课程资源范围内和在充分考虑课程成本的前提下突出重点，精选那些对提高学生英语能力有用的课程资源，使之优先得以运用。

高中英语文学欣赏课教学实践探讨

高中英语文学欣赏课教学实践探讨 作者：朱倩倩 来源：《作文成功之路·中旬刊》 2017年第7期 江苏省新沂市第一中学朱倩倩 【摘要】 随着全球化发展，英语越来越受到重视。当前国内高中英语教学形式单一，英语文学欣赏 受重视程度不深，对英语的学习只限于学习语言本身。由于各方面因素的影响，高中英语教学 只注重语言本身知识的掌握，忽略对作品的欣赏及人文素养的培养，高中英语文学欣赏教学对 促进学生英语语言能力有着积极有效的作用，而且是提高学生文化素养的重要手段，在高中英 语教学中应该把文学欣赏作为重要任务之一。 【关键词】 高中英语文学欣赏存在问题探讨对策 在当下的高中英语教学中普遍存在着重知识、轻能力的现象，教学内容主要以词汇和语法 为主，英语口语学习少，文学欣赏课程安排量少，导致学生难以形成听说读写的综合语言运用 能力及思维创新能力，遇到知识难点只能僵硬地学习，学习效率不高。本文对高中英语文学欣 赏课教学实践进行探讨，针对其相关问题，提出相关建议，以供参考。 一、高中英语文学欣赏存在的问题 （一）英语文学欣赏课程安排数量少 高中教学受应试教育的影响，大多数学校主要以高考应试成绩为教学目标，基本英语教学 形式以一种课本、一个进度、一个目标、一种方法进行英语教学，只注重英语语言本身的学习，单一向学生灌输语言、语法知识，忽略对文章文学欣赏的提高，以至于英语文学欣赏课程安排 数量极少，大多数课程都是应试教学，同时我国地域广阔，经济水平、文化水平差距大，英语 教学受重视程度不同，对于经济水平落后地区来说，基础英语教学开展难度都很大，很难在进 行英语文学欣赏课的开设。 （二）教科书文学欣赏作品少 自从新课标推广以来，教学内容和形式有了极大的改善，文学欣赏作品数量有所增加，但 仍然不能达到最佳效果。文学欣赏是英语教学的重要部分，能够有效地促进学生学习效率及运 用水平，在新课标英语教学内容上，教材对文学欣赏没有做出说明和具体要求，虽然教材内容 多以说明文为主，仍是侧重语言知识和语法知识，文学素养体现不足，难以促进学生对文章的 深刻了解，反而会对文章内容感觉枯燥、兴趣不足。 二、促进高中英语文学欣赏教学的策略 （一）改善英语文学欣赏作品的教材选编 目前我国还没有一本专门为高中英语文学欣赏编写英语教材，这就需要英语教师自己动手 选择编排适合高中生学习的英语文学作品，学校可以开展英语文学欣赏选修课，以满足英语教 师文学欣赏教学的需要。例如，教师根据学生的知识发展水平，教材选编符合英国文学经历文

最新对英语老师的评价英文版范文

最新对英语老师的评价英文版范文 对英语老师的评价英文版篇一 This is a concept of correct, cleverly designed, rich activities, the outstanding results of outstanding competition course. This lesson fully embodies the student-centered teaching ideas. This class mainly reflects the following characteristics: 1, the real clever teaching design Xxx teachers naturally and cleverly expand the topic of this lesson, the classroom teaching from the outset into the real communication scene, the formation of an active classroom atmosphere. Students gain a sense of success by being able to communicate with teachers in a way that they are familiar with, and are excited to help teachers through communication, thus multiplying their self-confidence in learning. At the same time in the next teaching, teachers grasp the difference between

大学英语2阶段性作业4

中国地质大学(武汉)远程与继续教育学院 大学英语2 课程作业4（共 4 次作业） 学习层次：高起专涉及单元：第7单元——第8单元 I. Find English equivalents from the two units. 1．科学技术的发展 2.互联网用户 3.出国学习 4. 一个商科专业的学生 5.自然资源 6.副院长/系主任 7. 搜索引擎8. 网页9.信息年代 10. 手机 II. Choose the best one to fill the blanks. Food is different from area to area. The French are famous for their sauces, the Italians are praised ____1__ their pasta-food from mixture of flour, eggs and water, the Germans celebrated for their sausages, but is there anything unique to eat in the United States? When you get right down to it, there’s nothing quite as ____2__as American food. Because the United States ___3__ mostly of immigrants, there is an amazing variety of foods. The United States is a vast country ____4__by many cultures and climates, and the ____5__ food of one area is often totally unlike that of another. New Mexico and Massachusetts are good examples of states that have very different traditional foods. To understand and appreciate the food in any one region, it often helps to know the area’s history. For example, New Mexico was ____6__ the home of the Pueblo Indians who lived in villages and grew native____7_ such as corn, beans, and pumpkins. Later, Spanish settlers arrived in this area. These two groups exchanged ideas and customs and passed the ____8__ on to their descendants. This intermingling (混合) of culture is evident in the food of New Mexico. Each region of the United States is unique. Louisiana has a French impact. Many Germans populate the Midwest. In ____9___around America, a tourist has the opportunity not only to visit a variety of places and see diverse landscapes, but to taste a variety of foods as well. Some may be very different. Others will taste just ___10__ home. 1. A. with B. of C. for D. at 2. A. foreign B. un-American C. common D. specific 3. A. composes B. consists C. makes up D. constitutes 4. A. protected B. affected C. influenced D. inherited 5. A. traditional B. original C. oriental D. regional 6. A. always B. often C. sometimes D. once 7. A. crops B. vegetables C. fruit D. flowers 8. A. habits B. customs C. foods D. traditions 9. A. living B. eating C. working D. traveling 10. A. as B. like C. at D. in III. Translate the following into Chinese

高中英语作文范文赏析

高中英语作文范文赏析 Today, with the development of high-technology, we can get access to all kinds of high-tech products, such as computer, digital cameras and so on. These products make our life more convenient, we can keep in touch with family and friends any time any where. Our life has been changed by the high-tech, we live in a fast-pace world. Cell phone influences our life deeply, everyone owns it. While cell phone brings many dangers. First, cell hone contains radiation which hurts people’s body. Today, more and mo re people die of cancer, the main reason is that the high-tech products radiate their bodies, in the long run, the bodies get sick. Cell phone is one of such products, it hurts our bodies as long we use it. Second, cell phone distracts our attention about discovering the beauty of life. People pay their attention on cell phone, they count on it by reading news and making friends, being less going out. We should use cell phone properly. 今天，随着高科技的发展，我们可以接触各种各样的高科技产品，比如电脑，数字相 机等等。这些产品让我们的生活变得方便，我们可以和家人和朋友随时随地保持联系。我 们的生活受高科技影响而改变，我们生活在一个快节奏的世界。手机深深影响着我们的生活，每个人都有手机。然而手机给我们带来了危害。第一，手机包含了危害我们身体的辐射。现在，越来越多的人死于癌症，主要的原因是高科技产品辐射着他们的身体，长此下去，身体就得病了。手机就是其中的产品，只要我们使用，就会受到危害。第二，手机让 我们忽略了发现生活的美。 As we know, students should learn how to get on well with others. But how? First of all, we should respect others. Everybody has their own way to do things, so we should understand each other. Besides, it’s important for us to communicate with each other and share our happiness and sadness. What’s more, we should be kind to others and offer necessary help to those who are in trouble. If we live in the school’s dormitory, we should be careful not to disturb others. Don’t bring friends back to the dormitory in the mid-night after all the roommates are sleeping. Or playing computer games with the music turn up so loud. Such behaviors will hurt the relationships between you and your roommates. 我们都知道，学生应该学会与人相处。但是该怎样做呢?首先，我们应该相互理解体 谅对方。除此之外，和他人分享我们的喜怒哀乐也是很有必要的。我们还要对他人友善， 为他人提供必要的帮助。如果我们住在学校里面，就要注意不要打扰到他人。不要在午夜 时分舍友睡觉的时，把朋友带回来。或者是大声的开着音乐玩电脑。这种行为会伤害到你 与舍友之间的关系。

川大《大学英语(四)》第二次网上作业答案

首页- 我的作业列表- 《大学英语（四）》第二次网上作业答案 你的得分：97.5 完成日期：2014年02月27日16点38分 说明：每道小题括号里的答案是您最高分那次所选的答案，标准答案将在本次作业结束(即2014年03月13日)后显示在题目旁边。 一、单项选择题。本大题共30个小题，每小题 2.5 分，共75.0分。在每小题给出的选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。 1.— I wish you success in your career. — _______ ( D ) A.You are welcome. B.You think so. C.Yes, please. D.The same to you. 2.— Let's go to the library this afternoon. — _______ ( D ) A.Yes, that's right. B.No. I can't. C.What about you? D.That's a good idea. 3.— Madam, do all the buses go downtown? — _________ ( D ) A.Wow, you got the idea. B.No, never mind. C.Pretty well, I guess. D.Sorry, I'm new here. 4.— Are you feeling better today, Jack? — _______ ( C ) A.There must be something wrong. B.Just have a good rest. C.Yes, thank you, doctor. But I still don't feel good. D.Don't worry about me.

对老师英语的评价

对老师英语的评价 ----WORD文档，下载后可编辑修改---- 下面是小编收集整理的范本，欢迎您借鉴参考阅读和下载，侵删。您的努力学习是为了更美好的未来！ 对老师的评价篇一1, you are a good teacher. You are very lively and interesting lectures, the students can not answer the question, the teacher on the metaphor of a variable Chen, often amused us laugh; you do things meticulous, each class has any contradictions, you always patient education. You write on the blackboard than we wrote in the handsome miles; your Mandarin is also very standard, some students do not say the standard, you patiently give him correction. When you brush the toilet, you are always full of dirty work tired of life; life you often teach us some of the truth. We must learn from you! I hope that after you assign operations, sub-grade, so that each student is more progress, okay? " 2, "the collective honor to you is so important for you.For your discipline, your lips are bubbling.For our study, you always sacrifice rest time, for those students learning difficulties make up classes.You are also very concerned about our I am sick, you go to the hospital to see me, encourage me to peace of mind recuperate.If you can every lesson and open class as exciting, then you are the best teachers under the sun! 3, "the classroom, your vivid language, fluent Mandarin, full of emotional reading, are deeply attracted to us; labor, you are not afraid of dirty dirty tired style, deeply affected us; work, you Seriously attentive attitude, but also set an example for us.Teacher, listening to your husky voice for our class, I really want to say to you: "If you criticize us, the sound is lower, less fat fire , A little less gas, then your voice will be very sweet! "Chen, you say right? " 4, "This semester, you a little more humorous than the past, the

兰州大学网络教育大学英语(4)课程作业_A

大学英语(4)课程作业_A 一单选题 1. Ted agreed to _________ the strike if the company would satisfy the demands of workers. call out call off call to call on 标准答案： call off 2. With the increasing of environmental awareness, many green belts _______ all over the country. frowned at frowned off frowned down frowned on 标准答案： frowned off 3. This multiple-choice test ____________ 40 incomplete sentences with several choices to complete them. is composed of consists in makes up sets out 标准答案： is composed of 4. '____________ through the alarm seems to be your biggest problem.' Asleep

To be asleep Sleeping To sleep 标准答案： Sleeping 5. Many difficulties have __________ as a result of the change over to a new type of fuel. risen arisen raised arrived 标准答案： arisen 6. Can you ________ furnishing your house luxuriously at a time when the company is losing so much money? verify identify justify clarify 标准答案： justify 7. When Laura finally arrived she apologized _______ so late. for to come that she was coming for coming to come 标准答案： to come 8. The officials in the _______ at London Airport were very polite.

高中英语选修课：英语文学欣赏 欧·亨利The gift of the magi《麦琪的礼物》 学生版讲义资料

The Gift of the Magi O. Henry One dollar and eighty-seven cents. That was all. And sixty cents of it was in pennies. Three times Della counted it. One dollar and eighty-seven cents. And the next day would be Christmas. There was clearly nothing to do but flop down on the shabby little couch and howl. So Della did it. Which instigates(鼓动、煽动) the moral reflection that life is made up of sobs and smiles, with sobs predominating（支配、统治）. Della finished her cry and attended to her cheeks with the powder rag. She stood by the window and looked out dully at a gray cat walking a gray fence in a gray backyard. Tomorrow would be Christmas Day, and she had only $1.87 with which to buy Jim a present. She had been saving every penny she could for months, with this result. Only $1.87 to buy a present for Jim. Her Jim. Many a happy hour she had spent planning for something nice for him. Something fine and rare and sterling--something just a little bit near to being worthy of the honor of being owned by Jim. There was a pier-glass between the windows of the room. Suddenly she whirled from the window and stood before the glass. Her eyes were shining brilliantly, but her face had lost its color within twenty seconds. Rapidly she pulled down her hair and let it fall to its full length. Now, there were two possessions of the James Dillingham Youngs in which they both took a mighty pride. One was Jim's gold watch that had been his father's and his grandfather's. The other was Della's hair. So now Della's beautiful hair fell about her rippling(轻柔的起伏) and shining like a cascade of brown waters. It reached below her knee and made itself almost a garment for her. And then she did it up again nervously and quickly. Once she faltered for a minute and stood still while a tear or two splashed on the worn red carpet. On went her old brown jacket; on went her old brown hat. With a whirl of skirts and with the brilliant sparkle still in her eyes, she fluttered out the door and down the stairs to the street. Oh, and the next two hours tripped by on rosy wings. Forget the hashed metaphor. She was ransacking（彻底搜索）the stores for Jim's present. She found it at last. It surely had been made for Jim and no one else. It was a platinum fob chain（白金表链）simple and chaste in design, properly proclaiming its value by substance alone. It was even worthy of The Watch. As soon as she saw it she knew that it must be Jim's. It was like him. Quietness and value--the description applied to both. Twenty-one dollars they took from her for it, and she hurried home with the 87 cents. With that chain on his watch Jim might be properly anxious about the time in any company. Grand as the watch was, he sometimes looked at it on the sly（偷偷地，暗中地）on account of the old leather strap that he used in place of a chain.