外研必修五Module 4 课文及翻译

Module 4 Carnival

The Magic of the Mask

Think of carnival, and you think of crowds, costumes, and confusion.

想到狂欢节你就会想到群众、服装和混乱。

The sounds and sights change from one country to another but the excitement is the same everywhere.

随着国家的变化听到的和看到的都是不同的，但是任何地方人们都是兴奋的。

“Carnival” comes from two Latin words, meaning “no more meat”

“狂欢节”是由俩个拉丁词演变而来的，它的意思是“不要吃肉”。

In Europe, where it began, carnival was followed by forty days without meat, as people prepared for the Christian festival of Easter.

欧洲是狂欢节的发源地，在接近狂欢节的四十天里是不能吃肉的，人们准备迎接基督教的“复活节’。People saw Carnival as a last chance to have fun at the end of the winter season. Having fun meant eating, drinking, and dressing up.

人们把狂欢节做为冬天结束前最后的一个玩乐机会，尽情的吃喝玩了、打扮。

The most famous carnival in Europe was in Venice.

欧洲最著名的狂欢节是在威尼斯。

At the beginning, it lasted for just one day. People ate, drank, and wore masks.

刚开始的时候，狂欢节只持续了一天。人们会吃喝玩乐并且会带上面具。

As time passed, however, the carnival period was extended, so that it began just after Christmas.

随着时间的推移，狂欢节的时间被延长了，所以狂欢节在圣诞节过后就开始了。

For weeks on end people walked round the streets wearing masks, doing what they wanted without being recognised.

连续几个星期人们都会戴着面具在大街上四处走动，做他们想做的任何事并且不会被人们认出来。Ordinary people could pretend to be rich and important, while famous people could have romantic adventures in secret.

普通人可以装扮成富有人和重要人物，然而有名的人可以密密的有一个浪漫的奇遇。

Many crimes went unpunished. The government realised that wearing masks had become a problem.

许多罪犯都不会被惩罚。政府意识到了戴面具成了一个问题了。

Their use was limited by laws, the first of which dates back to the fourteenth century.

面具的使用受到了法律的限制最早出现在十四世纪。

Men were not allowed to wear masks at night; and they were not allowed to dress up as women.

男人不允许在夜晚戴面具并且不被允许装扮成女性。

In later times more laws were passed.

在那以后有更多的法律出现了

People who wore masks could not carry firearms; and no one could enter a church wearing a mask.

戴面具的人不可以携带火器也不可以进入教堂。

If they broke the laws, they were put into prison for up to two years.

如果他们打破了这条法律，他们就会被关到监狱里长达两年的。

Finally, when Venice became part of the Austrian empire, at the end of the eighteenth century, masks were banned completely, and carnival became just a memory.

最后，在十八世纪末的时候当威尼斯成为奥地利帝国的一部分时，面具彻底被禁止了，狂欢节只是变成了一个记忆。

But in the late 1970s the tradition was revived by students.

但是在二十世纪七十年代后期，这个传统又被学生恢复了。

They began making masks and organising parties, and threw bits of brightly coloured paper (called coriandoli) at tourists.

他们开始制造面具组织集会并且向游人抛撒小块彩色纸片。

The town council realised that carnival was good for business, and the festival was developed for tourists.

这个小镇议会认识到狂欢节有益于商业并且这个节日吸引了游客。

Today, carnival in Venice is celebrated for five days in February.

今天，威尼斯的狂欢节会在二月开始持续五天

People arrive from all over Europe to enjoy the fun. Hotels are fully booked and the narrow streets are crowded with wonderful costumes.

来自欧洲各地的人们都会来着尽情的享受狂欢节的乐趣。旅店被订满狭窄的街道被穿着美丽服饰的人所积满。

German, French and English seem to be the main languages.

德语、法语、英语似乎成了主要语言

But the spirit of Venice carnival is not quite the same as the great American carnivals.

但是威尼斯狂欢节和美国的狂欢节是有很大不同的。

If the key to Rio is music and movement, then in Venice it is the mystery of the mask.

如果里约热内卢主要的是音乐和游行，而在威尼斯则是神秘的面具。

As you wander through the streets, you see thousands of masks—elegant or frightening, sad or amusing, traditional or modern-- but you have no idea what the faces behind them look like.

当你走在街上时你会看到成千上万的面具----精美的、令人恐惧的、悲伤的、有趣的、传统的、现代的，但是你却不知道面具之后的脸你却不知道。

Nobody takes them off，If the masks come off, the magic is lost.

没有人把面具摘下，如果面具摘掉了的话，魔力就消失了。

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1.必修五Unit 1 JOHN SNOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA” 约翰·斯诺击败“霍乱王” John Snow was a famous doctor in London - so expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal

physician.约翰·斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生——他的确医术精湛，因而成为照料维多利亚女王的私人医生。But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.但他一想到要帮助那些得了霍乱的普通百姓

时，他就感到很振奋。This was the deadly disease of its day.霍乱在当时是最致命的疾病，Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。So many thousands of terrified people died

every time there was an outbreak.每次霍乱暴发时，就有大批惊恐的老百姓死去。John Snow wanted to face the challenge and solve this problem.约翰·斯诺想面对这个挑战，解决这个问题。He knew that cholera would never be controlled until its

高中英语必修五-unit 1 课文详解

必修五Unit 1 Great Scientists 伟大的科学家I．V ocabulary steam engine 蒸汽机characteristic n.特征；特性radium n.镭 put forward 提出 theory n。理论；学说 infect vt.传染；感染 infectious adj.传染的 cholera n.霍乱 scientific adj.科学的 examine vt.检查；诊察；考察conclude vt. & vi.结束；结论；议定conclusion n.结论；结束；议定draw a conclusion得出结论analyse vt.分析 repeat vi & vt.重复；重做n. defeat vt. N.打败；战胜；使受挫attend vt.照顾；护理；出席；参加expose vt.(与to连用)暴露；揭露； 使曝光 deadly adj.致命的 cure n. vt.治愈；痊愈；治疗outbreak n.爆发；发作（疾病或战争）control vt.& n.控制；支配 absorb vt.吸收；使专心 severe adj.严重的；严厉的；严格 的；剧烈的 valuable adj.贵重的；有价值的 clue n.线索；提示 pump n.泵；抽水机 pub n.酒馆；酒吧 blame vt.责备；谴责；把…归咎于； n.过失；责备 immediately adv.立即；马上 handle n.柄；把手；vt.处理 germ n.微生物；细菌 addition n.加；增加；加法 in addition也；另外 link vt.连接；联系n.联系；环 link…to…将…和…连接或联系起来 announce vt.宣布；通告 certainty n.确知；确信；确实 instruct vt.命令；指示；教导 virus n.病毒 construction n.建设；结构；建筑物 apart from 除…之外；此外 creative adj.有创造力的；独创的 co-operative adj.合作的 positive adj.积极的；肯定的 be strict with对…严格的 revolutionary adj.革命的 calculation n.计算；计算结果 lead to通向；导致 movement n。移动；运动；动作 make sense有意义 backward adv. & adj.向后地 （的）；相反地（的）；退步地（的） loop n.圈；环 complete adj.完整的；完成的 privately adv.私下地；秘密地 spin vi. & vt.(使)旋转；纺（线） brightness n.明亮；亮度；聪颖 enthusiastic adj.热情的；热心的 cautious adj.小心的；谨慎的 reject vt.拒绝；不接受；丢弃 point of view态度；观点；看法 logical adj.和逻辑的；合乎常理的 II．Reading JOHN SNOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA” John Snow was a well-known doctor in London —so famous, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria to ease the birth of her babies.约翰斯诺在伦敦 是一位著名的医生，的确，如此出名以致于由他护理维多利亚女王生孩子。【注释： attend v.出席；到场；注意；照看attend to处理；注意倾听；专心于；照料；attend school/ class/ church/ a wedding/ a meeting/ a lecture/ a movie; attend on/ upon sb.伺候某 人；照顾某人；eg. 1) I’ll attend to the matter.我来处理此事。2) He was very tired after the long run, and expected someboday to attend on him.长袍之后他感到非常疲劳，很想有 个人来照顾自己一下。▲辨析：attend, join, join in, take part in(1) attend是 正式用语，一般指参加会议、典礼、婚礼、葬礼及去听课、听报告等；（2）join指加入某党派、某组织、某社会团体以及参军等，如：He joined the football club two years ago. (3) join in通常指参加某种活动，尤其指其他人一起参加某项活动，如：I hope you’ll all join in the discussion. (4) take part in指参加群众性活动、会议、劳动、游行等，往往参加者持有积极地态度，并起到一定的作用，有时可与join in互换，如：Will you take part in the English evening? 试题： ——Who is ______ the patient? ——Maybe his sister. A. taking care B. looking for C. joining in D. attending on】 But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.但当他想到要帮助受霍乱侵扰的普通民众，他就感到受到激励（或感受到神灵的召唤）。【注释：①inspire(1)影响或触动：eg. The falling leaves inspired her with sadness.落叶触动了她的伤感. (2) 鼓励；激励eg. 1) inspire sb. with hope激起某人的希望2) I was inspired to work harder than ever before.我受激励比以往任何

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寻找解决的方法 你喜欢谜题吗?欧拉确实。你有没有解决一个你听到的听力任务?不!嗯,别担心,欧拉也一样!因为他热爱数学难题,他想知道为什么这一 不工作。所以他绕着小镇,在桥梁的K6nigsberg好几次。令他吃惊的是,他发现,他可以穿过六座桥在不走两次或回头路的自己(见图3),但是他却不能穿过所有的七座。他只需要知道为什么。所以他决定看这个问题的另一种方式。 他把自己的照片和七个桥镇像上面。他标志着土地和桥梁。然后他把一个点或点为中心的每个地区的土地。他加入了这些点在一起使用曲线去在桥梁(请参阅图1)。他注意到一些分有三行去他们(A,B和C)和一个有五个(D)。他想这是否重要,为什么这个难题将不会工作。三加五是奇数他称他们为“奇怪的”点。让他带走了谜清晰桥梁看到模式更明显(见图2)。 他想知道是否这个难题将工作如果他带一个桥走(如图3)。这一次的图是简单的(如图4),他数了数行去点A,B,C和d .这一次他们是不同的。两人都多的行(B有两个和D有四个)。两个和四个都是偶数所以欧拉称他们为“甚至”点。两个点在图4有一个奇怪的行数将他们(A 和C都有三个),所以他称他们为“奇怪的”点。 使用这个新的图欧拉开始在A点,沿着直线到B,然后C .然后他跟着曲线通过D和回A .最后他跟着其他曲线从背部D C,他通过完成模式。这一次它的工作。他已经能够超过图访问每个点但不会超过任何线两次或提升他的铅笔从页面。欧拉变得非常兴奋。现在他知道一些奇怪

的点是拼图的关键。但是,您仍然需要一些甚至点你的图,如果你想要它来工作。所以欧拉寻找一个一般规则: 如果一个图有超过两个奇怪的点,你不能超过它没有提升你的铅笔从页面或去在一线的两倍。 很快他去他的课本找到一些更多的数据。他看了看四个图表所示,发现当他利用他的统治,他可以告诉他是否可以在整个图没有采取他的铅笔从纸。他喜出望外。他不知道,但他的小难题已经开始一个全新的数学分支叫做“拓扑”。在他的荣誉这个谜题是“寻找的欧拉路径”。

必修五第一单元课文翻译

约翰·斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生----他的确医术精湛，因而成为照料维多利亚女皇的私人医生。但当他一想到要帮助那些得了霍乱的普通百姓时，他就感到很振奋。霍乱在当时是最致命的疾病，人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。每次爆发霍乱时，就有大批惊恐的老百姓病死。约翰斯诺想面对这个挑战，解决这个问题。他知道，在找到病源之前，霍乱疫情是无法控制的。 斯诺对霍乱致人死地的两种推测都很感兴趣。一种看法是霍乱病毒在空气中繁殖着，像一股危险的气体到处漂浮，直到找到病毒的受害者为止。第二种看法是在吃饭的时候人们把这种病毒引入人体内的。病从胃里发作而迅速殃及全身，患者就会很快地死去。 斯诺推测第二种说法是正确的，但是他需要证据。因此，在1854年伦敦再次爆发霍乱的时候，约翰斯诺着手准备对此进行调研。当霍乱在贫民区迅速蔓延的时候，斯诺就开始收集材料。他发现特别在两条街道上霍乱流行的很严重，在10天之内就死去了500多人。他决心要查明其原因。 首先，他在一张地图上标明了所有死者住过的地方。这提供了一条说明霍乱起因的很有价值的线索。许多死者是住在宽街的水泵附近（特别是这条街上16、37、38、40号）。他发现有些住宅（如宽街上20号和21号以及剑桥街上的8号和9号）却无人死亡。他以前没料到这种情况，所以他决定深入调查。他发现，这些人都在剑桥街7号的酒馆里打工，而酒馆为他们免费提供啤酒喝，因此他们没有喝从宽街水泵抽上来的水。看来水是罪魁祸首。 接下来，斯诺调查了这两条街的水源情况。他发现，水是从河里来的，而河水被伦敦排出的脏水污染了。他马上叫宽街上惊慌失措的老百姓拆掉水泵的把手。这样，水泵就用不成了。不久，疫情就开始得到缓解。他证明了，霍乱是由病菌而不是由气团传播的。 在伦敦的另一个地区，他从两个与宽街爆发的霍乱有关联的死亡病例中发现了有力的证据。有一位妇女是从宽街搬过来的，她特别喜欢那里的水，每天都要派人从水泵打水运到家里来。她和她的女儿喝了这种水，都得了霍乱而死去。有了这个特别的证据，斯诺就能够肯定地宣布，这种被污染了的水携带着病菌。 为了防止这种情况的再度发生，斯诺建议所有水源都要经过检测。自来水公司也接到指令，不能再让人们接触被污染的水了。最终，“霍乱王”被击败了。

高中英语必修五课文及翻译

高中英语必修五课文及 翻译 集团档案编码：[YTTR-YTPT28-YTNTL98-UYTYNN08]

-必修 5 Unit 2 The United Kingdom Reading PUZZLES IN GEOGRAPHY People may wonder why different words are used to describe these four countries: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. You can clarify this question if you study British history. First there was England. Wales was linked to it in the thirteenth century. Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well. Next England and Wales were joined to Scotland in the seventeenth century and the name was changed to "Great Britain". Happily this was accomplished without conflict when King James of Scotland became King of England and Wales as well. Finally the English government tried in the early twentieth century to form the United Kingdom by getting Ireland connected in the same peaceful way. However, the southern part of Ireland was unwilling and broke away to form its own government. So only Northern Ireland joined with England, Wales and Scotland to become the United Kingdom and this was shown to the world in a new flag called the Union Jack. To their credit the four countries do work together in some areas (eg, the currency and international relations), but they still have very different institutions. For example, Northern Ireland, England and Scotland have different educational and legal systems as well as different football teams for competitions like the World Cup! England is the largest of the four countries, and for convenience it is divided roughly into three zones. The zone nearest France is called the South of England, the middle zone is called the Midlands and the one nearest to Scotland is known as the North. You find most of the population settled in the south, but most of the industrial cities in the Midlands and the North of England. Although, nationwide, these cities are not as large as those in China, they have world-famous football teams and some of them even have two! It is a pity that the industrial cities built in the nineteenth century do not attract visitors. For historical architecture you have to go to older but smaller towns built by the Romans. There you will find out more about British history and culture. The greatest historical treasure of all is London with its museums, art collections, theatres, parks and buildings. It is the centre of national

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英语必修五第二单元课文翻译

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外研必修五Module1 课文及翻译

Module 1British and American English Words,Words,Words British and American English are different in many ways 英式英语和美式英语在很多方面是不同的。 The first and most obvious way is in the vocabulary. 首先，最为明显的方面是在词汇方面。 There are hundreds of different words which are not used on the other side of the Atlantic, or which are used with a different meaning. 有成百上千的不同的词在大西洋彼岸是不被使用的或以不同的意思被使用。 Some of these words are well-known – Americans drive automobiles down freeways and fill up with gas; the British drive cars along motorways and fill up with petrol. 有一些词是非常有名的，美国人在高速公路上驾驶时给车（automobile 汽车）加油加的是gas；而英国人通常来给车加油用的是petrol（汽油）。 As a tourist, you will need to used the underground in London or the subway in New York, or maybe you will prefer to get around the town by taxi (British) or cab (American). 做为一个游客，你在伦敦将会使用underground來指地铁或在纽约使用subway，或许你将会更愿意选择用出租车taxi（英国）或cab（美国）来游览城市。 British and American Chips or French fries? But other words and expressions are not so well known. 但是其他词语和表达方式没有这麽广泛的被人所知。 Americans use a flashlight, while for the British, it’s a torch. 美国人把手电筒成为flashlight然而在英国，它被称做torch（火炬，火把；喷灯，吹管；光芒）。 The British queue up; Americans stand in line. 在英国英语当中，排队要用queue up 而在美国要用stand in line 。 Sometimes the same word ahs a slightly different meaning, which can be confusing. 有的时候同一个单词在意义上有轻微差别，这和种差别有事会使人疑惑不解。 Chips, for example, are pieces of hot fried potato in Britain; in the States chips are very thin and are sold in packets. 例如：Chips 在英国中指的是油炸的或热炸的薯条；在美国，Chips 是非常薄的并且是放在袋里出售的。 The British call these crisps. The chips the British know and love are French fries on the other side of the Atlantic. 英国人称它为Crisps英国人所熟悉并喜欢的这中薯条在大西洋彼岸却被称之为French fries 。 Have or have got ？ There are a few differences in grammar, too. 在语法方面英式英语和美式英语也有一些不同。 The British say Have you got…? while Americans prefer Do you have…? 英国人通常说“have you got ...?”而美国人更愿意使用“Do you have ...?” An American might say My friend just arrived, but a British person would say My friend has just arrived. 一个美国人通常会说“My friend has just arrived .”但是一个英国人通常会说“My friend has just arrived.”Prepositions, too, can be different: compare on the team, on the weekend (American) with in the team, at the weekend (British). 介词的用法也有一定不同：我们可以比较一下，在美式英语中用on the team ,on the weekend 在英式英语中用in the team ,at the weekend 。 The British use prepositions where Americans sometimes omit them (I’ll see you Monday; write me soon!) 英国人用介词的地方美国人有时会省略掉（I’ll see you Monday ;Write me soon!）。 Colour or color?