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计算机专业英语期末考复习资料

英语翻译成汉语：

1、In order to solve a computational problem, its solution must be specified in terms of a sequence of computational steps, each of which may be performed by a human or a digital computer．If you want to solve the computational problem with a computer, you should learn how to program．The task of developing programs for the soultion of computational problems is referred to as programming．Computer programming is the process of planning and creating a sequence of steps for a computer to follow．In general，this process will help us resolve a problem，which is either too tedious (冗长的) or difficult to work out otherwise．So programming is breaking a task down into small steps．

译：为解决计算问题，其解决方案必须被指定在一个计算步骤的序列，每一个可能由一个人或一个数字计算机。如果你想解决计算问题的计算机，你应该学会如何计划。制定发展任务的计划称为编程。计算机编程的过程中规划和创建一个序列的计算机执行步骤。一般来说，这个过程将帮助我们解决一个问题，是太冗长的或难以解决的方式。所以编程是打破任务分解成小的步骤。

2、Programming is sometimes contrasted with coding. Coding generally refers to the writing of programs for given program specification，while programming includes the task of preparing the program specification as well as that of writing the program．The text of a program is sometimes referred to as code，and lines of program text are referred to as lines of code，especially in the case of machine language programs．The term coder is used to describe a person

engaged exclusively in implementing program specifications prepared by others.

译：编程有时是相反的编码。编码一般是指写作程序给定程序规范，而编程包括任务的准备程序的规范以及编写程序。该程序文本有时称为代码，和行程序文本称为行代码，特别是在案件的机器语言程序。这个词编码是用来形容一个人专门从事项目规格由他人准备。

3、What's, actually involved in programming—the actual process of writing programs? Here's a quick overview of the process：

1. Write a program．

2. Compile the program．

3. Run the program．

4. Debug(调试) the program．

5. Repeat the whole process until the program is finished．

译：什么是实际参编写程序的过程？这里有一个快速的过程概述：

1。写一个程序。

2。编译程序。

3。运行程序。

4。调试程序。

5。重复整个过程，直到程序结束。

4、A computer system includes a computer, peripheral（外围的）devices, and software. The electric, electronic, and mechanical devices used for processing data are referred to as hardware. In addition to the computer itself, the term “hardware” refers to components called peripheral devices that expand the computer?s input, output, and storage capabilities. Computer hardware in and of itself does not provide a particularly useful mind tool. To be useful, a computer requires a set of instructions, called software or a computer program, which tells the computer how to perform a particular task. Computers become even more effective when connected to other computers in a network so users can share information.

译：一个计算机系统包括一台计算机，外围设备和软件。电气，电子，机械设备用于处理数据称为硬件。除了电脑本身而言，“硬件”是指被称为外围设备的组件设备，扩大计算机的输入，输出，存储能力。硬件本身并没有提供一个特别有用的思维工具。计算机需要一套有益的指令，称为软件或计算机程序，告诉计算机如何执行特定任务。让电脑变得更加有效，当连接到其他计算机网络，使用户可以共享信息。

5、In software, a bug is an error in coding or logic that causes a program to malfunction or to produce incorrect results. Minor bugs—for example, a cursor that does not behave as expected—can be inconvenient or frustrating, but not damaging to information. More severe bugs can cause a program to “hang” (stop respond ing to commands) and might leave the user with no alternative but to restart the program, losing any previous work that has not been saved. In either case, the programmer must find and correct the error by the process known as debugging. Because of the potential risk to important data, commercial application programs are tested and debugged as completely as possible before release. Minor bugs found after the program becomes available are corrected in the next update; more severe bugs can sometimes be fixed with special software, called patches, that circumvents (规避) the problem or otherwise alleviates (减轻) its effects.

译：在软件中，错误是编码或逻辑错误导致程序发生故障或产生不正确的结果。较轻微的错误，一个游标，并不会表现为预想的不便或令人沮丧，但不损害信息。较严重的错误会导致程序“挂”（停止响应命令），可能会让用户惟有重启程序，失去以往任何未保存的工作。在任何情况下，程序员必须发现和纠正错误的过程称为调试。由于潜在的风险的重要数据，商业应用程序的测试和调试尽可能在这之前完全释放。小错误发现后，程序可纠正在下次更新；更严重的错误，有时可固定有特殊的软件，称为斑块，规避问题或者减轻其影响。

6、Software engineering is an area of software development in which computer scientists and engineers study methods and tools that facilitate（使变得容易）the efficient development of correct, reliable, and robust computer programs. Research in this branch of computer science considers all the phases of the software life cycle, which begins with a formal problem specification, and progresses to the design of a solution, its implementation as a program, testing of the program, and program maintenance. Software engineers develop software tools and collections of tools called programming environments to improve the development process. For example, tools can help to manage the many components of a large program that is being written by a team of programmers.

译：在软件工程领域的软件开发中，计算机科学家和工程师的研究方法和手段，使高效发展

的正确，可靠，和强大的计算机程序变得容易。这一分支的研究，考虑到各阶段的计算机科学软件生命周期，从正式的问题说明，并发展到解决方案的设计，它的实施作为一个程序，测试程序，和程序维护。软件工程师开发软件工具以及被称为编程环境的工具集，改进开发过程。例如，软件工具可以帮助管理的许多组成部分的正在编写的大型程序程序员小组。

一，句子翻译2题（20%）

1、The fact that IBM, a company of such corporate prestige, would enter this market convinced businesses that the microcomputer was more than a passing fad.

译：像IBM这种信誉的公司即将进入微机市场，这一事实使人们坚信微机商业不是昙花一现。

2、The purpose of storage hardware is to provide a means of storing computer instructions and data in a form that is relatively permanent

译：存储硬件的作用是以一种相对持久的形式提供存储计算机指令和数据的方法。

3、Most importantly semiconductor chips produced a new generation of mainframes and minicomputers with increased capability, greater speed, and smaller size.

译：最重要的是半导体芯片产生了性能更好、速度更快、尺寸更小的新一代大型机和小型机。

4、Most programming techniques in this day and age still use techniques that are little more advanced than the programming techniques applied by the first programmers.

译：

5、Object-oriented methodology is an approach to system lifecycle development that takes a top-down view of data objects, their allowable actions, and the underlying communication requirement to define system architecture.

译：面向对象方法是系统生命周期的方法之一，该方法包含自顶向下数据对象的观点，允许动作和基本通信需求，由此可定义一个系统的体系结构。

6、Windows NT was the first Windows operating system to combine support for high-end, client/server business applications with the industry?s leading personal productivity applications. 译：Windows NT是Windows操作系统种第一个将支持高端的、C/S模式的企业应用程序与工业中领先的个人生产力的应用程序结合到一起的操作系统

把下列短文翻译成汉语：

A high-level language is an artificial language with which we can write various instructions. This is possible not because computer processors are now so technologically advanced that t hey can …understand? these languages. You should translate from programming languages into machine language which can be understood by the computer processors. Compilers can accomplish this task. This does mean that a high-level language program is not directly executable: it must be compiled to produce processor program, which is executable.

计算机专业英语第4次作业

计算机专业英语第4次作业 1.Windows gives you more control over the__A___ your work. A：operation B：way C：energy D：power 2.Tea or coffee ? Which is your___A___? A：preference B：confusion C：puzzle D：mixture 3.Programs that can destroy another computer's programs are called__D_. A：games B：computer languages C：bugs D：viruses 4.You were _C___ to us by our associates. A：told B：suggest C：recommended D：informed 5.You should be able to tell the meaning of this word from its ___C____. A：company B：conclusion C：context D：communication 6.___B___ refers to the parts of the computer that you can see and touch. A：Software

B：Hardware C：Hardship D：Instruction 7.___C______that, I could do it much better. A：If I do B：If I were do C：Were I to do D：Were I do 8.A network is a group of computers linked by communication lines . 正确 9.Most RAM is temporary, losing its contents when the computer's power is turned off. 正确 10.A program is a series of instruction that guides a computer through a process. 正确 11.写出下列术语的英文或中文意思。 1 message encryption 参考答案： 1 信息加密（术） 2 客户机-服务器结构 2 client-server architecture 3 关系数据库 3 relational database 4 microwave radio 4 微波无线电 5 digital television 5 数字电视 12：[论述题]12.阅读下列短文，从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 For every man in the Civil War who died in battle, two or three men died of disease. Doctors of that time knew very little about causes of sickness or ways of preventing it. Thousands of men in poor health became soldiers. Hundreds of others had never had childhood diseases. Many of these soldiers could not withstand the epidemics of measles, mumps, and whooping cough that went through the camps. Army life was hard. Soldiers got few fruits or vegetables. There was no milk unless they happened to find a cow. Neither their clothes nor their shelters protected the troops from rain, snow, and cold. Sickness and disease were spread by insects, rats, and impure drinking water. Often the men drank straight from muddy streams. Gunshot wounds were serious, as in any war,

计算机专业英语教程(第四版)习题答案解析

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计算机专业英语复习题完整版

计算机专业英语复习题标准化管理处编码[BBX968T-XBB8968-NNJ668-MM9N]

1.home page 主页 2.graphical user interface (GUI) 图形用户界面 3.artificial intelligence 人工智能 4.carbon copy 打字副本 5.field 字段 6.software suite 软件套装 7.desktop operating system 桌面操作系统 https://www.sodocs.net/doc/341732391.html,ser printer 激光打印机 9.machine language 机器语言 10.relational database 关系数据库 11.menu bar 菜单栏 12.secondary storage 辅助存储器；二级存储器 13.system software 系统软件二、 1.内存 memory 2.输入设备 input device 3.扬声器 speaker

4.局域网 local-area network 5.传输控制协议 transmission control protocol 6.集成电路 integrated circuits 7.上下文敏感 context sensitive 8.微处理器 microprocessor 9.只读存储器 Read-only memory 10.触摸屏 touch screen 11.像素 pixel 12.多媒体 multimedia 13.自动换行 word wrap 三

_________.

A、people B、OS C、keyboards D、procedures E、software ( abc ) 2、For microcomputer, there are three basic system units: ____________ . A、Desktop system units B、Notebook system units C、Personal digital assistant system units D、Arithmetic-logic units ( a ) 3、Language translators convert programming statements into__________. A、machine languages B、UNIX C、service programs D、operating systems ( b ) 4、The ____________is a list of commands or options from which you can choose. A、icon B、menu C、window D、pointer ( a ) 5、Database management systems are comprised of tables that are made of rows called __________ and columns called __________ . A、fields, records B、ranges, sheets C、records, fields D、 records, ranges ( abcd )6、The four main computer operations are _________.

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2．'s . (√) 3．: . (√) 4． a 2000 . (×) 5．( ) a . (√) 6. , a . (√) 7. , ’s . (×) 8. ’t . (×) 9. . (×) 10. . (×). 三．.(将左列的词汇与右列相应的汉语匹配。) （一）． 1. （） a. 操作系统 2. b. 输入. 3. ( ) c. 只读存储器 4. ( ) d. 应用软件 5. e. 中央处理器 6. f. 系统软件 7. g. 硬件 8. h. 随机存储器 9. i. 内存 10. j. 输出 1．e 6. j 2．g 7．a 3．h 8. d 4．c 9. f 5．b 10. i (二) ． 1. a

2. b a 3. c 4 d a 0 1 5. e a 6. f 7. g 8. h a 9. i a 1．d 6. a 2．g 7．f 3．h 8. c 4．b 9. e 5．i 四．, . （从下面方框中选择合适的词或表达，以其适当的形式填空。） 1． () . , a . , . , , . , . 2. , , . , a a a , a , a , a . , , . a , , a . , 1-2-3 . a , a ( ) . 3.

计算机专业英语作业(1).

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b.a numeric keypad C.a Set of function keys d.a11 of above 2.A display is a device that is used to display . a.numbers letters b.special characters c. graphic information d.all of above 3.system software includes and . a.operating system and application software b.operating system and programming language c.special—purpose programs and application software d.OS and special—purpose programs https://www.sodocs.net/doc/341732391.html,rmation flows from a computer into a peripheral device as . a.output b.memory c.a program d.input 5.programs are known collectively as .

计算机专业英语教程(第四版)习题答案

计算机专业英语教程(第四版)习题答案
计算机专业英语（第四版）课后习题答案 Unit 1 [Ex 1] Fb5E2RGbCAP [Ex 2] 1. input, storage, processing, and output 2. power; speed; 1. F 2. T 3. T 4. F 5. T 6. T 7. T 8. T 9. T 10.
memoryp1EanqFDPw 3. central processing unit memoryDXDiTa9E3d 5. keyboard; [Ex 3] B. A. central processing unit; 1. F 2. D 2. monitor 3. G 4. C 5. B main memory; 6. A 7. E monitorRTCrpUDGiT 8. H5PCzVD7HxA 4. internal; primary;
1. user
3. data
4. keyboard
5. data processingjLBHrnAILg
6. information [Ex 4] instructions
7. computer
8. memory 3. manipulates 4.
1. input device 2. screen, screen 5. retrievexHAQX74J0X 8. Function
6. code 7. hard copy
[Ex. 5] 新处理器开始 IT 技术的新时代 New Processors Open New Era of IT Technologies Last week, Intel introduced to the public in Russia and other CIS countries a family of processors Intel Xeon E5-2600. They are more powerful and reliable and, importantly, are very economical in terms of energy consumption. Their
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