名词性从句专项讲练

名词性从句精讲精练

英语从句可以分为名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句三大类。主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句在复合句中的充当的成分和其名称相同，分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。上述这四种从句均被称为名词性从句。所有的名词性从句均不能用逗号分开，并且它们都用相同的关联词，关联词如下：

①主从连词：that (无意义), whether (是否), if (是否)（在句子中不充当任何成分）

②连接代词：who (谁), whom (谁), whose (谁的), what (什么), which (哪一个)

③连接副词：when (什么时候), where (什么地方), how (怎样), why (为什么)

主从连词只起连接作用，连接代词和连接副词除了起连接作用外，还充当从句某一个成分。另外，可以用whatever, whichever, whoever, who(m)ever等连接代词引导名词性从句，来加强语气。

一、主语从句（subject clause）

在主句中用作主语的主谓结构称之为主语从句。例如：

That he will come to the discussion is certain.

That the moon moves round the earth is well known to all of us.

When the meeting is to be held has not yet been decided.

What they are after is profit.

Whether she will join us w on’t make too much difference.

注意：主语从句放在句首，句子常常显得比较笨重，因此通常可以把it放在句首，作形式主语，而将主语从句放在后面。例如上面的句子可以分别改写为：

That the moon moves round the earth is well known to all of us.

＝_______________________________________________________________

Whether she will join us w on’t make too much difference.

=__________________________________________________________________

（一）单项选择

1. ________ is to dance.

A. That interests Mary really

B. Which really interests Mary.

C. What really interests Mary

D. What really interest Mary

2. ________ you have seen things like these before doesn't matter.

A. If

B. Whether

C. What

D. When

3. It is well known _________ a person eats causes changes in the body.

A. that what, when, and how

B. that

C. what

D. how

4. ________leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.

A. Anyone

B. The person

C. Whoever

D. Who

5. ____ you don't like him is none of my business.

A. What

B. Who

C. That

D. Whether

（二）完成句子

1. 他仍然活着纯属运气。( alive )

____________________________is sheer luck.

2. 我们明天是否能去野营取决于天气。( go )

_______________________________________ _depends on the weather.

3. 我们得不到的似乎比已拥有的看起来更好。( get )

_________________________________ seems better than we have.

二、表语从句（predicative clause）

在主句中担当表语的主谓结构称之为表语从句。例如：

One idea is that fish is the best brain food.

My question is how information is stored in the long-term memory.

That is what he really wants.

It seems that everything goes smoothly.

（一）单项选择

1. The energy is ________ makes the cells able to do their work.

A. that

B. which

C. what

D. such

2. That is ______ Lu Xun once lived.

A. what

B. where

C. that

D. why

3. That is _______ he likes the place so much.

A. that

B. what

C. why

D. how

4. It looks _______ it were going to rain.

A. even if

B. as if

C. even though

D. like

5. The problem is ________will go to the meeting.

A. why

B. when

C. what

D. who

（二）完成句子

1.问题是我们能在哪里举行会试。(hold)

The problem is _______________________________________.

2.他真正的意思是他不同意我们的观点。(disagree)

What he really means is ____________________________________________________.

3.这个城市不再是过去的样子。(used)

This city is no longer ___________________________________________.

三、宾语从句（object clause）

在主句中作谓语动词、介词及非谓语动词的宾语的主谓结构称之为宾语从句。注意：在引导宾语从句时，从属连词that在口语中和非正式文本中常省略。

（1）动词后的宾语从句

We know that a parrot can’t really speak.

He wants to tell us what he thinks.

Up to now we can’t say whether his theory can stan d the test.

A little observation will show how the temperature changes.

Knowing that it was going to rain, they decided to work inside the house.

（2）介词后的宾语从句

He laughed at what they said.

There is disagreement among economists about what money is and how money is measured.

（3）形容词后的宾语从句

有些形容词可以用that引导宾语从句，表示说话人对某一事物的态度并带有感情色彩。常见的这类形容词有：afraid, amazed, astonished, aware, certain, confident, delighted, glad, grateful, happy, proud, sad, sorry, sure, surprised等。例如：

I am glad that you have come.

I am afraid that you are wrong on this point.

（一）单项选择

1.These computers are different from ________.

A. that we expected

B. what we expected

C. which we have expected

D. what we expect

2. Do you know ________

A. what is this used for

B. what this is used for

C. which this is used

D. that this is used for

3. I have almost forgotten ________.

A. how Mr. Taylor's like

B. what Mr. Taylor's face is like

C. what Mr. Taylor's face is

D. which Mr. Taylor's face is like

4. Last Sunday he promised ________ today, but he hasn't appeared yet.

A. that he would come

B. that he will come

C. he will come to see me

D. whether he would come

5. We think it possible ________ the local government will be able to solve the housing problem.

A. for

B. that

C. when

D. how

（二）完成句子

1.无论谁赢了，俱乐部都会给他一个奖。(whoever)

The club will give __________________ a prize.

2.他说他喜欢美丽的事物。(what)

He said he was fond of ____________________.

3.你无法相信他们收到这些漂亮的圣诞礼物时有多兴奋。（how）

You can’t imagine ______________________________ when they received these nice Christmas presents.

四、同位词从句（apposition clause）

同位语从句就是在句子中担当同位语的主谓结构。

主句中有些词义比较抽象、有内涵的名词，如：belief, doubt, evidence, idea, fact, hope, news, possibility, question, thought等，可以用that、连接代词和连接副词引出同位语从句。例如：

There is no doubt that a large number of people benefit from heart surgery.

I have an idea that parents should monitor the kind of television their children watch.

Is there any proof that the food of the plant differs from that of animals?

We all know the fact that organization helps memorization.

注意：虽然that在同位语从句中没有什么意义，但不能省略。尽管由that引导的同位语从句与that引导的定语从句很相似，但两者有明显的区别。that在同位语从句中是连词，只起连接作用，无具体词义，不能在从句中充当成分；而用that引导的定语从句中，that是关系代词，在从句中充当一定成分，并有词意。

（一）单项选择

1. Last Sunday he made a promise ________ he was free he would take me to Qingdao.

A. if

B. that

C. that if

D. whether

2. Now there is a danger ________ the ground may fall in (沉下) under the heavy traffic.

A. whether

B. if

C. X

D. that

3. The fact _______ she had not said anything surprised all of us.

A. which

B. what

C. that

D. how

4. Three days later, word came ________our country had sent up another man-made satellite.

A. which

B. when

C. that

D. where

5. Do you have any idea ________ ?

A. when Miss Smith will arrive

B. when will Miss Smith arrive

C. how will Miss Smith arrive

D. why hasn't Miss Smith arrived

（二）完成句子

1.有消息说一些英语客户将来参加我们的公司。(visit)

There’s the news __________________________________________________________.

2.毫无疑问很多人都能从心脏手术中获益。(benefit)

There is no doubt __________________________________________________________.

3.事实上她什么都没说，让我们所有人都大吃一惊。(say)

The fact ___________________________________ surprised all of us.

名词性从句讲解与练习答案解析版

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复习专题名词性从句专项练习题及答案 一、初中英语名词性从句 1． is known to all is that the earth is smaller than the sun. A. As B. What C. It D. Which 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：众所周知地球比太阳小。 is known to all 是主语从句，从句中缺少主语，因此用what，选B。 【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及what引导的主语从句。 2．Has it been announced ______? A. when are the planes to take off B. that are the planes to take off C. where are the planes to take off D. when the planes are to take off 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意: 飞机什么时候起飞已经宣布了吗？此处是when引导的主语从句，且要用陈述句语序，故选D。 【点评】考查名词性从句，it作形式主语，关系副词when引导的从句作真正的主语。 3．In the past decade, our education system too much on grades. However, grades have a direct connection with future success is still a question. A. focused; whether B. focused; if C. has focused; whether D. has focused; if 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】考查时态和主语从句。根据In the past decade,在最近的几十年里，可知句子用现在完成时态，our education system是句子的主语，单数形式，所以第一空填has focused；第二空是主语从句做主语，if是否，不能引导主语从句，所以第二空填whether。故选C。 【点评】主语从句主要有三类： 1）（1）由连词that引导的主语从句:引导词that无含义,在句中不做成分,不可以省。例如：That you will win the medal seems unlikely.你想获得奖牌看起来是不可能的。（2）用连词whether 引导的主语从句:whether有含义（是否）,在句中不做成分,不可以省。例如：Whether she is coming or not doesn't matter too much.她来不来都无关紧要。注意：if不能引导主语从句。 2）用连接代词引导的主语从句（在由连接代词who, whose, whom, which, what, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever引导的名词性从句中，其连接代词在句中起名词性作用，担当一定成分）.例如：What you need is more practice.你所需要的是更多的训练。 3）用连接副词when, where, why, how引导的名词性从句（其连接副词有含义,在句中作状语。）例如：Where we should leave it is a problem.