英语作文段落结构分析

1．什么是主题句？

主题句（topic sentence）是表达段落主题的句子。它用以概括段落大意，要求全段其他文字都围绕它展开。请看下例：My mother has passed along to me certain rules for getting along with others. Don't argue with parents; they will think you don't love them. Don't argue with children; they will think themselves victimized. Don't argue with spouses; they will think you are a tiresome mate. Don't argue with strangers; they will think you are not friendly. My mother's rules, in fact, can be summed up in two words: Don't argue.

Our life today depends very much on energy. In towns and in villages, on farms and in factories, machines have made life easier than it used to be. The machines use energy, and energy is needed for heating, lighting, communications, carrying goods -- everything. Factories and industrial plants use a great deal of energy to make the things that we use and buy and sell.

2 如何写好主题句？

（1）写好主题句中的关键词

关键词要尽量写得具体些。对“具体”的要求包括两个方面：一是要具体到能控制和限制段落的发展；二是要具体到能说明段落发展的方

向。

原句1: He can fix a bicycle himself.

斜体部分应为主题句中的关键词。但它只是限制了段落发展的部分内容，并没有告诉读者该用哪种方法展开，是用因果关系法还是用分类法？

修正：He can fix a bicycle himself in several simple steps.

修正：There are several reasons why he can fix a bicycle himself. 原句2: She tries to improve her looks.

斜体部分应为主题句中的关键词。她试着改变她面容的理由是什么？或者她采取什么方法来改善呢？我们无法从关键词中清楚得知。修正：She tries many ways to improve her looks.

修正：There are some reasons why she tries to improve her looks。

（2）写好主题句的中心思想

Exercise is beneficial to your heart. A 22-year study was conducted by doctors in California. They found that people who work at physical jobs experience fewer heart attacks than other people. These active people work all the time at moderate speeds, their daily routine gives them an adequate amount of exercise and helps them stay in shape.

"Exercise is beneficial"这是毫无疑义的。但主题句中如不加上"to your heart"来加以control 和limit，那就流于空泛。因此，紧紧

把握主题句中controlling idea的导向和制约作用，是短文写作成功关键之一。（3）要注意主题的可写性

所定的主题不能太笼统，也不能太具体。

In Hemingway's story “Soldier’s Home”，Krebs tells his mother that he wants no part of God's Kingdom．

这个句子太具体以至于无东西可写，无法展开段落。

In Hemingway's story “Soldier’s Home”，Kreb is a lonely，cynical veteran．

这个句子可作为主题句，因为可以围绕“lonely，cynical”展开段落。

Let me tell you something about overpopulation．

这个句子太笼统，作为一个段落的主题太大，难于驾驭。

Why has the world population been increasing so rapidly in the last decades？

这个句子是个较好的主题句，作者用“the reasons for overpopulation in the last decades”，从“原因”（cause）和“时间”（time）两方面限制了主题，能在一个段落内论述。

2．推展句

2.1 主要推展句

主要推展句(major supporting statement)的主要特点是：围绕段落主题句展开的每一个推展句本身都不要求作进一步的说明或证明，句与句之间的关系是相互独立又是互相连接的。

例1：(主题句) There are several factors affecting climate. (推展句1)One factor is the mount of sunlight received. (推展句2)Altitude, or the height above sea level, also determines climate. (推展句3)The oceans have an effect on the climate of adjacent land. (推展句4)In addition, climate is influenced by the general circulation of the atmosphere.

主题句指出影响气候的几个因素。然后用四个扩展句说明四种因素。第一种是太阳光的接收量，第二种是海拔高度，第三句和第四句分别是海洋和大气环流因素。

2.2 次要推展句

次要推展句(minor supporting statement)是指对主要推展句作进一步的事实分析和举例说明。它从属于某一个或某几个推展句。

例2：(主题句)I don't teach because teaching is not easy for me. (主要推展句1)Teaching is the most difficult of the various ways I have attempted to earn my living: mechanic, carpenter, writer. (主要推展句2)For me, teaching is a red-eye, sweaty-palm, sinking-stomach profession. (次要推展句1)Red-eye, because I never feel ready to teach no matter how late I stay up preparing. (次要推展句2)Sweaty-palm, because I'm always

nervous before I enter the classroom, sure that I will be found out for the fool that I am. (次要推展句3)Sinking-stomach, because I leave the classroom an hour later convinced that I was even more boring than usual.

从属于主要推展句2的三个次要推展句起着解释说明作用，分别解释red-eye, sweaty-palm, sinking-stomach的含义，这就更加形象生动地证明了"teaching is not easy" 这个主题。

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Credit Cards on Campus. You should write at least 150 words, and base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:

1)近年来越来越多的大学生开始使用信用卡

2)分析产生该现象的原因

3)针对大学生使用信用卡提出你的建议

Credit Cards on Campus

In recent years, credit cards have gained more popularity among college students. With banks’more focus on college market, an increasing number of college students have applied for credit cards and begun to consume by them.

The following three factors can account for the popularity of credit cards on campus. Firstly, a credit card provides overdrawing service, which is a big attraction for those students who have not much money for their domination. Secondly, a credit card can help release financial burdens on those poor students, and hence reduce the risk of their dropping school for lacking money. Besides, many banks make some preferential policies on credit cards, like sending a gift, lowering year cost. Drawn by these policies, many college students have applied for credit cards.

As far as I am concerned, it is not a bad thing for college students to own credit cards. However, there is misuse of credit cards among college students. Many students use credit cards to buy luxurious things they don’t need really, and even some of them owe a big credit card debt. Therefore, schools and banks have responsibility to let college students learn how to use credit cards properly. Only in this way can college students enjoy really the advantages of credit cards.

段落基本要素

好的文章有一些主要的构成要素，段落就是其中之一。段落是用来在散文、故事或其他文章中组织信息的。在写段落时，我们通常包括以下内容：

1、主题句

每个段落都应有一个要点，该要点通常由主题句表达。主题句应清楚地陈述本段落的信息。整个段落都围绕主题句展开。例如：

（书19页44行）Young adults give many different reasons for moving to cities.

不过也并不是所有的段落都有主题句的。比如有时一个段落延续了前一个段落的主题，而前一个段落有主题句的情况下，这个段落就不一定有主题句了。

主题句通常是段落的第一句。不过在散文、故事或其他一些文体的第一段中，主题句可以置于一段引子之后。为了吸引读者的注意力，我们可以使用一段引子。这个引子常常是一个有趣的事实、一个问题或一段引语。例如：

（书18页4行）Older Americans are on the move.

2、支撑句

主题句后应跟有对其加以解释或证明的支撑句。例如：

（书18页8行）For decades, Florida has been attracting older residents.In fact, according to the national population survey conducted in 2000, Florida was home to the largest population of people aged 65 and older.

段落中的支撑句的排列顺序是有逻辑的。我们可以使用过渡的词语将每句句子与其前后的句子连接。可使用的过渡词语包括for example, for instance, furthermore, first, second, third, on the other hand, however, but和also。

（书18页23行）Florida is a popular choice for these people because of the climate

and the state’s relatively flat landscape. However, as the number of older Americans moving there increases, more changes are made to cater to them.For example, ambulance response time has been decreased, and many houses have bathrooms designed for elderly homeowners, with things like walk-in bathtubs that reduce the risk of slips and falls.

3、结论句

段落应以一句用新的方式重复主题句内容的句子结尾。当然了，结论句不是主题句的简单重复，而是对它的扩展与总结。有时也可以用结论句来表达关于这个主题的最后想法，或用它来帮助引入下一段的主题。

（书19页42行）Across the USA, people are noticing the same thing: young people want to live in cities.

4、注意

与中文不同，英文段落中的“主题句-支撑句-结论句”的结构一般情况下是很明确的。而中文段落的主题句可能出现在段首、段中或段末。这是中西文的不同之处。

相关练习

一、选出下列各段落的主题句

1.One of the reasons for visiting the lighthouses is that the lighthouses have a profound

history and provide a good view of nature.

2.Visiting lighthouses will help us to understand the lives of lighthouse keepers.

3.Another reason for considering a visit is that the lighthouses themselves can be very

attractive buildings.

4.The most important reason for such a visit is to realize how our ancestors battled

nature with the basic tools they had.

Everyone should visit a lighthouse at least once.

(1)__________ They had only basic ways of creating light, and yet they found a way of

using this simple technology in isolated (孤零零的) places to save ships from hitting rocks.

(2)__________ By their very nature, lighthouses were built on some rocks or cliffs. Thus

the lighthouse keepers often lived lonely lives. To walk around their small home, and imagine the angry storm outside beating against the walls, is to take a step towards understanding the lives they had.

The reason for a visit to a lighthouse is not all so backward-looking in time. It is true that lighthouses were built in out-of-way places. But on a pleasant sunny summer day, this very isolation has a natural beauty that many people will love to experience.

Therefore, with the gentle waves touching all round the lighthouse, the visitor is likely to think it is a world preferable to the busy and noisy modern life.

(3)__________ Mankind could often not be content just to put up a basic structure, but felt

the need, even in such an isolated place, to build with an artistic touch. The result is a view for tired eyes to enjoy. Finally, lighthouses have a romantic attraction, summed up by the image of the oil-skin-coated keeper climbing his winding stairs to take care of the light to warn ships and save lives.

二、将下列句子按逻辑顺序组合成段落

a.First, don’t let your pride get in your way. Most of us can forgive each other when

differences are brought out in the open.

b.Second, apologize when you are wrong- even if you’ve been wronged. Over the

course of a friendship, even the best people make mistakes.

c.And finally, accept that friendships change as our needs and lifestyle change.

Making friends can sometimes seem easy.

d.My suggestion: Consider friendship an honor and a gift, and worth the effort to

treasure and nurture（培养）.

e.The good news is that most troubled friendships can be mended.

f.Third, see things from your friend’s point of view.

g.Sometimes, it may be best if the wronged person takes the lead and apologizes.

When you apologize, give you friend a chance to admit that he has been wrong.

h.The hard part is keeping the connections strong during the natural ups and downs

that have an effect on all relationships.

正确的段落顺序是：___—___—___—___—___—___—___—___

三、选词填空

Do you want to live with a strong sense of peacefulness, happiness, goodness and

self-respect? The collection of happiness actions broadly categorized as “honor” helps you create this life of good feelings.

Here’s an example to show how honorable actions create happiness. Say a store clerk fails to charge us for an item. If we keep silent, and profit from the clerk’s mistake, we would drive home with a sense of sneaky excitement. (1) _________ we might tell our family or friends about our good fortune. (2) __________, if we tell the clerk about the uncharged item, the clerk would be grateful and thank us for our honesty. We would leave the store with a quiet sense of honor that we might never share with another soul.

(3) __________, what is it to do with our sense of happiness?

(4) __________, where we don’t tell the clerk, a couple of things would happen. Deep down inside we would know ourselves as a type of thief. In the process, we would lose some peace of mind and self-respect. We would also demonstrate that we cannot lie trusted, (5) ___________ we advertise our dishonor by telling our family and friends. We damage our own reputations by telling others. (6) ___________, bringing the error to the clerk’s attention causes different things to happen. Immediately the clerk knows us to be honorable. Upon leaving the store, we feel honorable and our self-respect is increased. (7) ___________ we take honorable action we gain the deep internal rewards of goodness and a sense of nobility.

There is a beautiful positive cycle that is created by living a life of honorable actions. Honorable thoughts lead to honorable actions. Honorable actions lead us to a happier existence. (8) ____________ it’s easy to think and act honorably again when we’re happy.

(9) ____________ the positive cycle can be difficult to start, (10) ____________ it’s started,

it’s easy to continue. Keeping on doing good deeds brings us peace of mind, which is important for our happiness.

参考答案

一、选出下列各段落的主题句

（1）D （2）B （3）A （4）C

二、将下列句子按逻辑顺序组合成段落

e-a-b-g-f-c-h-d

三、选词填空

1、Later

2、On the other hand

3、Then

4、In the first case

5、since

6、On the contrary

7、Whenever

8、And

9、While

10、once

超级实用初中英语作文常用连接词复习过程

初中英语作文常用连接词 （1）表示增加的过渡词：also，and，and then，too，in addition，furthermore，moreover，again，another，first/ second/ third等。 （2）表示时间顺序的过渡词：now，then，before，after，afterwards，earlier，later，immediately，soon，next，in afew days，gradually，suddenly，finally 等。 （3）表示空间顺序的过渡词：near（to），far（from），in front of，behind，beside，beyond，above，below，to the right/ left，around，outside等。（4）表示比较的过渡词：in the same way，just like，just as等。 （5）表示对照的过渡词：but，still，yet，however，on the other hand，on the contary，in spite of，even though等。 （6）表示结果和原因的过渡词：because，since，so，as a result，therefore，then，thus，otherwise等。 （7）表示目的的过渡词：for this reason，for this purpose，so that等。（8）表示强调的过渡词：in fact，indeed，surely，necessarily，certainly，without any doubt， above all等。 （9）表示解释说明的过渡词：for example，in fact，in this case, actually 等。 （10）表示总结的过渡词：finally，at last，in conclusion，in brief，in short，in general，on the whole等。

英语考试作文-简单英语作文写作模板

英语考试作文 简单英语作文写作模板 （一）掌握技巧： （1）注意篇章结构，合理布局 开始部分（opening paragraph）——说出文中的要点、核心问题。 正文部分（Body paragraphs）——围绕主题开展叙述、讨论。 结尾部分（concluding paragraphs）——对全文的总结和概括。 要做到全文中心突出、段落之间必须是有机地联系，内容完整、连贯。前后呼应，祛除与主题无关的内容.详细可以参情况考ESL资源网站里面的writing部分。 （2）确定主题句 主题句是对全文的概括，是文章的主旨。它能在文章中起到“画龙点睛”的作用。通常主题句出现在一篇文章的开头，而后，全文对主题句所提出的内容进行解释，扩展。 写主题句应注意以下几点： ①归纳出你要写的文章的几个要点

②提炼出一句具有概括性的话 ③主题句应具有可读性，抓住、吸引读者。 （二）巧用连接词 要想使文章有整体性、连贯性，就要学会正确使用连接词 表示罗列增加 First, second, third,First, then / next, after that / next, finally For one thing … for another…,On （the） one hand…on the other hand,Besides / what’s more / in addition / furthermore / moreover / another / also,Especially / In particular, 表示时间顺序 now, at present, recently,after, afterwards, after that, after a while, in a few days,at first, in the beginning, to begin with,later, next, finally,immediately, soon, suddenly, all of a sudden, at that moment, as soon as, the moment、form now on, from then on,at the same time, meanwhile,till, not…until, before, after, when, while, as during, 表示解释说明 now, in addition, for example, for instance, in this case, moreover furthermore, in fact, actually 表示转折关系

英语作文结构模板

结构模板1 (1)It is shown/depicted/described in the picture that 图表内容总括. (2)进一步阐述图表内容. (3)As is symbolically revealed in the pictures, 折射生活中的意义. (4)We can say that/We may draw/safely come to a conclusion that/We can see clearly that 对寓意进一步引申和归纳. (描述图表段) (5)There are many examples found to prove that 主题句. (6)Take …as a typical example./The first example is that 阐述例子一(可进一步阐述). (7)The second example is that/In addition/Here is a counterexample. /Opposite case in point is that /On the contrary 第二个例子(或举一反面例子). (8)Therefore, 段落总结句. (举例说明段) (9)In order to improve the situation/To sum up the above argument/Confronted with such an issue/a problem, we should find several solutions to it/need to take some positive measures. (10)On the one hand/For one thing 方法/建议一. (11)On the other hand/For another, 方法/建议二. (12)Therefore/Thus/Only in this way, can 总结句. (个人观点段) 9)In order to improve the situation/To sum up the above argument/Confronted with such an issue/a problem, we should find several solutions to it/need to take some positive measures. (10)On the one hand/For one thing 方法/建议一. (11)On the other hand/For another, 方法/建议二. (12)Therefore/Thus/Only in this way, can 总结句. (个人观点段) 模板示例 Write an essay of 150 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should 1) describe the drawing briefly, 2) explain its intended meaning, and then

常见英文连接词和句型总结讲解学习

常见英文连接词和句 型总结

作文过渡词的用法 1、表示时间的 at first 起初 next 接下来 then 然后 after that 那以后 later 后来 soon 不久soon/shortly after ……之后不久finally 最后 in the end 最后 eventually 最终 at last 最后 lately 近来 recently 最近now=at present=nowadays since then 自从那时起 after that 那以后 after a while 一会儿 afterward 后来 to begin/start with=in the first place 首先、第一点 immediately马上meanwhile=in the meantime=at the same time 在此期间、同时 until now 直到现在 suddenly=all of a sudden 突然 as a young man 当…… 是个年轻人的时候at the age of… 在……岁的时候 as soon as 一……就…… early in the morning 大清早 after/before dark 天黑后/前 from now on从现在开始 from then on 从那时开始 2、表示列举和时序 first, second, third…finally last but not the least最后但并非最不重要的firstly, secondly, thirdly…finally first of all, 首先 for one thing其一 for another其二, at the same time , at first , at last 3、表示列举

2015考研英语作文三段式结构写作技巧

新东方在线考研 [https://www.sodocs.net/doc/3710448875.html, ]网络课堂电子教材系列 1 2015考研英语作文三段式结构写作技巧 2015考研时间将近，最后那场角逐厮杀的气味相信考生们已经嗅到了，无论你对之前的备考是满怀壮志还是心理敲鼓，到了真正上考场的危急时刻，考生们都会爆发出强大的力量，积极调动出大脑中蕴藏的所有超能量。怎样使考场作文结构完整?下面就带各位考生来学习一下怎样使考场作文结构更加完整，更加精彩，更能获得阅卷老师的亲睐。 一、三段成文，段段紧扣主旨 考研英语大作文一般为图画作文，可安排为三段式结构，每个段落都为图中所表达的中心主旨服务。 1.第一段：考生应根据所给的漫画的文字叙述内容，提炼漫画的主题。漫画的主题来源于漫画中展现的内容及解释漫画的文字叙述。根据要求拟定文章提纲，确定文章结构以及思想。第一段的主要内容为图画描述以及全篇文章的中心主旨句。 2.第二段：分两至三个分论点，文中可以附加例子来对中心论点进行论证和照应。 3.第三段：总结作者独特观点，在此深化印章中心论点，并提出建议、建议的原因以及解决措施。 二、段首点睛，写好中心主旨句 各个段首是做文章最重要的句子，一方面句首一般为段落的中心主旨句，在对图画进行整体和细节的描述之后，对整个段落进行总结，提炼出中心主旨句。另一方面，段首是阅卷老师首先看到的句子，阅卷老师的“第一眼”直接决定了考生的作文成绩。闪光的段首句可以画龙点睛，从而提高整体的作文分数。 三、尾句升华，完美展现功底 结尾句与段首句同样重要，有一个好的结尾总述段落，回扣全文的中心主旨，是一篇文章结构完成与否的重要前提。同样，段尾句也是阅卷老师落眼的“宝地”，漂亮的结尾是能让考生英语功底良好的展现出来。要写好段落结尾句，首先应该做到没有语病，其次是语言表述够新颖，最后，做到升华主旨，让文章完美收官。 认为只有以上三点才可称得上=是一篇完整的结构完整、优秀的闪光考研英语作文。当然英语表达的地道与否也十分重要。 骐骥一跃，不能十步;驽马十驾，功在不舍。成功的秘诀从来不在于一蹴而就，而在于你是否能够持之以恒。8天，只要坚持还可以改变很多。最危急时才是见血封喉的最后一击，不到成绩公布的那一刻，谁都不能下最后定论。希望今天的讲解能让考生在考场上完成一篇结构完整的精彩作文。预祝各位考生金榜题名!

英语作文常用连接词及作文万能

英语作文常用连接词及作文万能模板 一、连接词类型 1.表因果： because ，since as ，now that， therefore，thus，so，as a result (of)，because of=on account of ，due to …,owing to, thanks to ，for this reason，if so，if not 2;表转折（然而）： yet, and yet, but , while, on the contrary, on the other hand, however, at the same time 3.表解释说明： that is, that is to say, in other words, such as, for instance, and so on, and the like等。 4.表递进强调： not only…but (also), what，s more, in addition, worse still, moreover, above all等。besides 况且 what's more 更重要地是 thus 这样 above all 首先 indeed 的确 in fact/ as a matter of fact 事实上 in other words 换句话说 in that case 那样的话 or rather 更确切地说 particularly 特别地 5.表总结： in a/one word 简言之、一句话、总之 generally speaking 一般说来 in short简言之 in conclusion=lastly 最后地 on the whole从总体来看、大体上 therefore 因此 thus 这样 as has been mentioned 正如所提到的 it is quite clear that 很显然 there is no doubt that 毫无疑问 it is well-known that 大家都知道 as we all know=as is known to us all 大家都知道 as/so far as I know 据我所知 to sum up= in summary 总之 6.表时序 Firstly, secondly, thirdly…finally first of all, next then, lastly 7.表列举 for example＆for instance 例如：…… namely 即…… that is (to say) 也就是说 such as 如…… take…for example 拿……来说 8、表增补 and 而且 both…and 不但……而且 not only…but also 不但……而且 as well as 不但……而且 also=besides=furthermore=more over 此外、而且 in addition 并且 apart from 除了……之外 what's more 而且、更重要的 for another 另一方面 worse still=what's worse=to make matter worse 更糟糕的是 including 包括 9.表结果 Evidently ，first of all，undoubtedly，therefore，as a result， thus，accordingly，consequently 二、作文连接词应用 一、引出开头 1：It is well-known to us that……（我们都知道……）==As far as my knowledge is concerned, …（就我所知…） 2：Recently the problem of…… has been brought into focus. ==Nowadays there is a growing concern over ……（最近……问题引起了关注） 3：Nowadays（overpopulation）has become a problem we have to face.（现今，人口过剩已成为我们不得不面对的问题）

高考英语作文常用连接词

高考英语作文常用连接词 一、根据衔接词本身在文章中起到的作用，主要分为以下四类，即“起”、“承”、“转”、“合”。（一）表示“起”的词/词组：用于开篇引出扩展句。 at present 现在；当今首先,（其次）， at first 最初 recently 最近first（ly）第一 in the beginning 起初 to begin with 首先；第一一方面 first of all 首先；第一 in the first place 首先；第一 currently 目前；最后 lately 最近 presently 现在；此刻 in general 一般说来 generally speaking 一般地说 on the whole 总起来说 one the one hand,（on the other hand） （二）有关“承”的常用词语：用来承接上文。 after a few days 几天以后 after a while过了一会儿 after/after that/afterwards此后 therefore 因此；结果 for example 例如 for instance 例如 such as 正如 beside 此外 in addition 此外 in addition to,除,之外 Besides/what,s more 而且此外 moreover 而且，此外 what is more 而且；此 外 also/too 并且，又 for this purpose 为了这个目的 from now on 从此 secondly 第二；第二点 secondly 第二 third 第三；第三点 thirdly 第三 in fact 事实上 similarly 同样地 in other words 换句话说 in particular 特别（地） soon 不久 still 仍然 by the way 顺便提一句 then 然后 indeed 的确 by this time 此时 meanwhile 与此同时 at the same time 同时 in the same way 同样地 for another 其次 no doubt 无疑地 certainly 无疑地；当然地 obviously 明显地 later 后来 of course当然 truly 事实上；真实地 particularly特别地 unlike ,不像,,；和,,不同 （三）有关“转”的常用词语：用来表示不同或相反的意见。 after all 毕竟fortunately 幸运地luckily 幸运地all the same 依然；照样though/although 尽管 however 然而；无论如何anyway 无论如何 in spite of 尽管,,；虽然,, at the same time同时；然而 by this time 此时 in/by contrast 对比之下 on the contrary 相反地 even though即使 otherwise 否则 still 仍然 unfortunately 不幸地 in fact 事实上 unlike 不像,,；和,,不同 as a matter of fact 事实上 yet仍；然而但是especially 特别地 （四）有关“合”的常用词语：用于小结上文或结束本段落的内容。 above all 最重要的是 accordingly 于是

中考英语作文写作的五个步骤

中考英语作文写作的五个步骤 时态：故事性文章一般用过去时，其中表达感受时可用现在时。 说明性或议论性文章一般用现在时，举例时可用过去时。 根据题目要求也会出现时态的交错使用，如过去和现在的对比等。 如果句中出现了时间状语，时态则要遵循时间状语。 如ago，last…——过去时 next，in…——将来时等 人称：注意在句子中人称的统一。 例如：Thanks to the teachers， we have improved our English。 其中we和our就是人称的统一。 格式：注意书信格式的开头和结尾。 切忌只看表格中或所列1、2、3中的信息点。一定把题读全，找齐信息点，建议用铅笔标出，写完后再涂掉。 根据题目，可适当增加合理内容。 特别注意文章要有开头和结尾。 切忌与汉语提示的一一对应，使用所学表达方法将语义表达出来即可。 首先考虑句子结构如主谓宾，主系表等。 同时注意短语的正确使用和单词的拼写，最好使用课本上学过的短语和句式。 考虑文章的篇章结构，使用适当的连接短语，使文章结构紧凑。 常用连接词： 1.表文章结构顺序：First of all，Firstly/First，Secondly/Second… And then，Finally，In the end，At last 2.表并列补充关系的：What ismore，Besides，Moreover，Furthermore，Inaddition 3.表转折对比关系的：However，On the contrary，but

Although+clause 从句，In spite of+n/doing On the one hand… On the other hand… Some…，while others… 4.表因果关系的：Because，As So，Thus，Therefore，As a result 5.表换一种方式表达：In other words 6.表进行举例说明：For example，句子;For instance，句子;such as+n/doing 7.表陈述事实：In fact 8.表达自己观点：As far as I know，In my opinion 9.表总结：In short，In a word，In conclusion，In summary 文中正确使用两三个好的句型，如：宾语从句、状语从句、动名词做主语等。 宾语从句举例：I believe Tianjin will be more beautifulandprosperous。 状语从句举例：If everyone does something for the environment， ourhometown will become clean and beautiful。 动名词做主语举例：Reading books in the sun is bad for our eyes。 It’s bad for our eyes to read books in the sun。 常用状语从句句型： 1时间when，not…until，as soon as 2目的so that+clause;to do 为了 3结果so…that+clause，too…to do太……以至于…… 4条件if，unless除非，as long as只要 5让步though，although，even though，even if no matter what/when/where/who/which/how 6比较as…as…，not so…as…，than

英语作文结构

一、段落写作 写作得过程包括选词、造句、组段与成篇。四级作文得写作也同样遵循这一规律.但四级考试得写作囿于篇幅得限制,从严格意义上说就是凝练得段落写作。 段落就是由彼此关联得表达相对单一中心思想得一组句子构成,它就是一篇文章或书中某一章节得基本构成部分，也就是文章结构得基本独立部分。段落由若干个句子组成,通常表达一个中心思想.因此,段落不能由一组句子随意堆砌而成,而就是应当符合一定得模式与具有某些基本特征，并遵循一定得段落发展方法.大学英语得写作重点就要从选词造句转到联句成段与联段成篇上。进行段落层次上得写作训练,就是写好文章得关键所在。段落由主题句、扩展句与结尾句三部分构成。 主题句 主题句就是介绍某一段落主要内容得句子,通常就是一个概括性得陈述(a generａl sｔａtemeｎt）。主题句把纷繁得现象通过简练得文字用一句话扼要地指出这一段落得中心内容。主题句在开头就是最常用得做法，这样读者与作者都非常容易进入段落得主题.写作时不断地对照主题句,可以让作者避免把不相关

得内容写入这一段落；主题句放得中间,多出现于作者对两件事情作比较时，说明两者如何相象,又如何不同；主题句出现在段落得末尾,往往就是作者为创造一种悬念而有意安排得,目得就是让读者继续读下去，可以在读者心目中留下一个深刻得印象。? 扩展句 扩展句就是段落主题句得延伸与发展，起着辅助主题句与拓展段落中心得作用.它对主题句得中心思想或者举例说明,或者详细解释与论证。扩展句一般由几个或十几个意思连贯得句子组成。扩展句应具有清晰翔实、条理分明得特点。 结尾句 结尾句就就是总结段落得句子,它在段落中起着非常重要得作用,它用一句话将段落内容进行归纳总结,对全段中心思想作出精炼得浓缩。因为段落得内容就是说明主题得,因此结尾句常与段落主题句呼应，或者说就是主题句得再现，并与扩展句相关联.结尾句可以用不同得方法再现主题，有时甚至就就是段落得主题句。但有时在一段文章中，尤其就是较短得段落中,只有主题句，而没有结尾句；而当主题句位于段尾时,主题句就就是结尾句.因此,虽然在段落写作中应遵循“首一中一尾"得三段论模式,但不应被这种模式所束

英语 演讲和作文中 常用连接词

英语演讲和作文中连词经典汇总 1.增补(Addition) in addition, furthermore, again, also, besides, moreover, what`s more, similarly, next, finally. 2.比较(Comparison） in the same way, likewise, similarly, equally, in comparison, just 3.对照(Contrast) whereas, in contrast, on the other hand, instead, however, nevertheless, unlike, even though, on the contrary, while 4.因果(Cause and effect) because, because of, for, since, due to, owing to, thanks to, as a result(of), accordingly, hence, so, thus 5.强调(Emphasis） certainly, above all, indeed, of course, surely, actually, as a matter of fact, chiefly, especially, primarily, in particular, undoubtedly, absolutely, most importantly 6.让步(Concession) although, though, after all, in spite of, nevertheless, still, provided, while it is true....

英语作文中常用连接词

英语作文中常用连接词 表示强调的连接词 still, Indeed, apparently, oddly enough, of course, after all, significantly, interestingly, also, above all, surely, certainly, undoubtedly, in any case, anyway, above all, in fact, especially. Obviously, clearly. 表示比较的连接词 like, similarly, likewise, in the same way, in the same manner, equally. 表示对比的连接词 by contrast, on the contrary, while, whereas, on the other hand, unlike, instead, but, conversely, different from, however, nevertheless, otherwise, whereas, unlike, yet, in contrast. 表示列举的连接词 for example, for instance, such as, take ...for example. Except (for), to illustrate. 表示时间的连接词 later, next, then, finally, at last, eventually, meanwhile, from now on, at the same time, in the end, immediately, in the meantime, in the meanwhile, recently, soon, now and then, during, nowadays, since, lately, as soon as, afterwards, temporarily, earlier, now, after a while. 表示顺序的连接词 first, second, third, then, finally, to begin with, first of all, in the first place, last, next, above all, last but not the least, first and most important. 表示可能的连接词 probably, perhaps. 用于解释的连接词

2017考研英语作文,应用文写作框架结构

2017考研英语作文，应用文写作框架结构小编相信大家都应该看考研英语的大纲要求，作文这一项里，包含的应用文的类型是多种多样的，比如：投诉信、建议信、申请信、求职信、辞职信、求学习呢、求助信、感谢信、号召信、道歉信、简历、备忘录、寻物启事、招领启事等等，但是小编根据历年真题整理出来的数据表明，最常考到的是书信，尤其是在近几年的考研作文中，应用文考的最多就是书信体应用文。所以小编整理除了一个书信的通用模板的格式给大家，供大家参考。 一、首段的写作方法 1.问候收信人Dear Sir/Madam 2.解释写信的原因申请: I’m writing for an opportunity to work in your esteemed company that boasts of decadesof reputation邀请：I’m writing to request your attendance to a dinner party that is to be held in Beijing onAugust.感谢：I am writing to extend my heartfelt thanks (sincere gratitude)toward…投诉：I am writing to complain about the poor quality of a product that I purchased from yourstore two weeks ago.祝贺：I am writing to extend my sincere greetings, wishing you a happyNew Year, your careergreater success and your family happiness. 二、中间段的写作方法 1.阅读题目要求，找到可以用到的名词或动词。

英语作文常用连接词及作文万能模板

一、连接词类型 1.表因果：because ，since as ，now that，therefore，thus，so，as a result (of)，because of=on account of ，due to …,owing to, thanks to ，for this reason，if so，if not 2;表转折（然而）： yet, and yet, but , while, on the contrary, on the other hand, how ever, at the same time 3.表解释说明： that is, that is to say, in other words, such as, for instance, an d so on, and th e like等。 4.表递进强调： not only…but (also), what，s more, in addition, worse still, moreover, above all等。besides 况且what's more 更重要地是thus 这样above all 首先indeed 的确in fact/ as a matter of fact 事实上in other words 换句话说in that case 那样的话or rather 更确切地说particularly 特别地 5.表总结： in a/one word 简言之、一句话、总之generally speaking 一般说来in short 简言之in conclusion=lastly 最后地on the whole从总体来看、大体上therefore 因此thus 这样as has been mentioned 正如所提到的it is quite clear that 很显然there is no doubt that 毫无疑问it is well-known that 大家都知道as we all know=as is known to us all 大家都知道as/so far as I know 据我所知to sum up= in summary 总之 6.表时序 Firstly, secondly, thirdly…finally first of all, next then, lastly 7.表列举 for example＆for instance 例如：……namely 即……that is (to say) 也就是说such as 如……take…for example 拿……来说 8、表增补 and 而且both…and 不但……而且not only…but also 不但……而且as well as 不但……而且also=besides=furthermore=more over 此外、而且in addition 并且apart from 除了……之外what's more 而且、更重要的for another 另一方面worse still=what's worse=to make matter worse 更糟糕的是including 包括 9.表结果 Evidently ，first of all，undoubtedly，therefore，as a result，thus，accordingly，consequently 二、作文连接词应用

(完整版)浙江新高考英语作文概要和续写

2016年浙江新高考英语题型解读—概要写作 一、2016年浙江新高考《考试说明》英语写作样题 第二节：概要写作（满分25分） 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。 Getting rid of dirt, in the opinion of most people, is a good thing. However, there is no thing fixed about attitudes to dirt. In the early 16th century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block o ut disease, as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up t he skin and let ills in. A particular danger was though to lie in public baths. By 1538, the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom. So did the king of England in 15 46. Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a frie ndly way. Henry IV, King of France, was famously dirty. Upon learning that a nobleman h ad taken a bath, the king ordered that, to avoid the attack of disease, the nobleman sho uld not go out. Though the belief in the merit (好处) of dirt was long-lived, dirt has no longer been re garded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18 century. Scientifically speaking, cleaning awa y dirt is good to health. Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of pre venting disease. Yet, it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond science since World War II. Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea: clothes need to be whiter th an white, cloths ever softer, surfaces to shine. Has the hate for dirt, however, gone too f ar? Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays. Many first-time parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt, which might be responsible for the spread of diseas e. On the contrary, Mary Ruebush, an American immunologist (免疫学家), encourages ch ildren to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system. And the latter (后者) positi on is gaining some ground. （原创范文，仅供参考） One possible version： People have mixed opinions towards dirt on our skin. (要点 1 ) For a long time in histo ry, people of some European countries, such as France, believed that dirt protected peop le from getting ill. (要点 2 ) However, people began to change their attitudes to dirt abou t 200 years ago. People have been told that washing dirt off our body can keep us health y. (要点 3) However, some scientists believe that exposure to some dirt may help our im mune system. (要点 4) 【范文点拨】 (一)要点分析 1. 文章第一段就是本篇文章的主题句，点明了总的观点：However, there is nothing fix ed about attitudes to dirt. 换句话说：Different people have different attitudes towards di rt. 再结合下文谈到的主题可知Different people have different attitudes towards dirt on th

英语作文结构

一、段落写作 写作的过程包括选词、造句、组段和成篇。四级作文的写作也同样遵循这一规律。但四级考试的写作囿于篇幅的限制，从严格意义上说是凝练的段落写作。 段落是由彼此关联的表达相对单一中心思想的一组句子构成，它是一篇文章或书中某一章节的基本构成部分，也是文章结构的基本独立部分。段落由若干个句子组成，通常表达一个中心思想。因此，段落不能由一组句子随意堆砌而成，而是应当符合一定的模式和具有某些基本特征，并遵循一定的段落发展方法。大学英语的写作重点就要从选词造句转到联句成段和联段成篇上。进行段落层次上的写作训练，是写好文章的关键所在。段落由主题句、扩展句和结尾句三部分构成。 主题句 主题句是介绍某一段落主要内容的句子，通常是一个概括性的陈述(a general statement)。主题句把纷繁的现象通过简练的文字用一句话扼要地指出这一段落的中心内容。主题句在开头是最常用的做法，这样读者和作者都非常容易进入段落的主题。写作时不断地对照主题句，可以让作者避免把不相关的内容写

入这一段落；主题句放的中间，多出现于作者对两件事情作比较时，说明两者如何相象，又如何不同；主题句出现在段落的末尾，往往是作者为创造一种悬念而有意安排的，目的是让读者继续读下去，可以在读者心目中留下一个深刻的印象。 扩展句 扩展句是段落主题句的延伸和发展，起着辅助主题句和拓展段落中心的作用。它对主题句的中心思想或者举例说明，或者详细解释和论证。扩展句一般由几个或十几个意思连贯的句子组成。扩展句应具有清晰翔实、条理分明的特点。 结尾句 结尾句就是总结段落的句子，它在段落中起着非常重要的作用，它用一句话将段落内容进行归纳总结，对全段中心思想作出精炼的浓缩。因为段落的内容是说明主题的，因此结尾句常和段落主题句呼应，或者说是主题句的再现，并与扩展句相关联。结尾句可以用不同的方法再现主题，有时甚至就是段落的主题句。但有时在一段文章中，尤其是较短的段落中，只有主题句，而没有结尾句；而当主题句位于段尾时，主题句就是结尾句。因此，虽然在段落写作中应遵循