【英语】高考英语阅读理解试题经典

【英语】高考英语阅读理解试题经典

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

There are lots of ways to educate yourself on the Internet. You can find photos, documents, and films on almost any topic you can imagine. And at https://www.sodocs.net/doc/3a7309417.html,, you can access lectures by artists, scholars, designers, technicians and others.

TED began in 1984 as a conference that brought together individuals from the fields of technology, entertainment and design. It was intended to be a one-time event focusing on technology and design. The event ended up losing money, and it was six years before the founders tried it again. This time it worked, and since 1990, the TED conference has been an annual event. There are now two held every year, with topics as diverse as music, medicine, and money. Other specialized spin-off conferences address narrower issues.

The TED website came from a desire to share the conferences with the world, to "offer free knowledge from the world's most inspired thinkers," as the website puts it. The current version of the site was launched in April 2007, and contains videos of talks given at the TED conferences around the world. The talks are transcribed into hundreds of languages.

The TED website is owned by the Sapling Foundation, a non profit devoted to fostering the spread of great ideas. The Sapling foundation acquired TED in 2001. Since then, it has been focusing on using TED to broadcast ideas that might change the world.

TED, of course, isn't immune to criticism. It's been called elitist(精英) for its high ticket prices (more than 6,000 dollars total). It's been accused by a few people of censorship for not publishing their talks. One controversial speaker was upset about being criticized by the conference's host afterward.

The complaints, however, seem to be relatively few for such a large, long-running organization. And accusations of elitism ring hollow when so much is given away for free on TED's website. Whatever its failings, TED is a source of inspirational information for those who seek it out.

（1）What is the main topic of the article?

A.The case against TED

B.What's on TED today.

C.Pros and cons of https://www.sodocs.net/doc/3a7309417.html,.

D.What is TED

（2）Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A.The TED conference came after the success of https://www.sodocs.net/doc/3a7309417.html,.

B.Two TED conferences are now held every year.

C.TED talks are available in many languages.

D.The Sapling Foundation owns https://www.sodocs.net/doc/3a7309417.html,.

（3）From the last two paragraphs, we can infer that ________.

A.it is accepted to all involved that some TED talks might not be published

B.the host of the conference is one who plays a supportive role to the speakers

C.TED is criticized for giving special treatment to the wealthy or powerful

D.the negative comments on TED greatly affects its reputation

（4）This author probably believes that________.

A.TED is elitist

B.TED is beneficial

C.TED isn't important

D.TED is the best website

【答案】（1）D

（2）A

（3）C

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了TED以及它的历史发展。

（1）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“And at https://www.sodocs.net/doc/3a7309417.html,, you can access lectures by art ists, scholars, designers, technicians and others.”在https://www.sodocs.net/doc/3a7309417.html,，你可以访问艺术家、学者、设计师、技术人员和其他人的演讲。以及以下几个段落的内容，可知这篇文章的主题是“TED 是什么”，故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“The TED website came from a desire to share the conferences with the world, to ‘offer free knowledge from the world's most inspired thinkers,’ as the website puts it.”TED网站源于一种与世界分享会议的愿望，用网站的话说，就是“向世界上最有灵感的思想家们提供免费的知识”。可知，“TED大会是在https://www.sodocs.net/doc/3a7309417.html,网站成功之后召开的”这种表述错误，故选A。

（3）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“TED, of course, isn't immune to criticism. It's been called elitist(精英) for its h igh ticket prices.”当然，TED也免不了受到批评。它因其高昂的票价被称为精英主义；以及最后一段中的“And accusations of elitism ring hollow when so much is given away for free on TED's website.”而当这么多东西在泰德的网站上免费赠送时，精英主义的指责就显得空洞了。可推断出，TED因给予富人或有权势的人特殊待遇而受到批评，故选C。

（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Whatever its fai lings, TED is a source of inspirational information for those who seek it out.”不管它的缺点是什么，TED都是那些寻找它的人鼓舞人心的信息来源。可推断出，这位作者可能认为TED是有益的，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

A fourth-grade teacher allowed one of her students to shave her head in the schoolyard, after bullies（仗势欺人者）teased him about his own short buzz cut（短寸头发型）. Tori Nelson got the idea after noticing that Matthew Finney, a shy boy from her homeroom at Winlock Miller Elementary School in Washington state, was standing outside his classroom crying and wearing a winter hat.

Ms. Nelson could see the back of his neck had been shaved, and since Matthew usually had very thick brown curly hair, she realized that he'd had a haircut over the weekend. She asked him what was wrong, and he said he'd gotten a buzz cut for the summer. But this morning, a fifth grader on the bus made fun of him, and he didn't want to come to class and get teased by other kids. Ms Nelson tried to convince Matthew to come inside, but since school rules prohibit kids from wearing hats indoors he refused – explaining that he was afraid of showing his haircut to the other children in case they also made fun of him.

Finally I said: "If you take off your hat and come to class, I'll let you give me a buzz cut, too," 'Ms Nelson told Yahoo Parenting. I figured it's just hair, and mine is already short anyway. I might as well get it shorter in time for the warm weather.'

Matthew excitedly took her up on the offer, and Ms Nelson and another teacher gathered all the fourth graders together during break time. A school employee brought in scissors, which Matthew used to the cheers of his classmates, excitedly watching as his teacher's hair fell away onto the ground in the schoolyard.

'It was a lot of fun for the kids, and it helped Matthew feel better about himself,' said Ms Nelson.' You have to do what it takes to reach children. Teaching isn't just about reading and writing, it's about self-esteem and accepting differences.'

（1）What mainly led to Matthew's standing outside the classroom?

A. His fear of being laughed at.

B. His willingness to learn.

C. His violating school rules.

D. His not finishing his homework.

（2）Why did Ms. Nelson have her head shaved?

A. To show sympathy for Matthew.

B. To comfort and encourage Matthew.

C. To prepare for the warm weather.

D. To show her unique personality.

（3）What is Ms Nelson like?

A. responsible and caring

B. knowledgeable and creative

C. Humorous and easygoing

D. Strong and determined

（4）What is the best title for the passage?

A. The real meaning of teaching

B. Stand up to school bullying

C. Teach kids to respect differences

D. A haircut full of love

【答案】（1）A

（2）B

（3）A

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，Matthew由于害怕同学们嘲笑自己的头发不敢进教室，老师Tori Nelson安慰他，并和他一起剪了头发。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“But this morning, a fifth grader on the bus made fun of

him, and he didn't want to come to class and get teased by other kids.和explaining that he was afraid of showing his haircut to the other children in case they also made fun o f him.”可知Matthew在教室外哭泣不敢进去是因为害怕同学们嘲笑他。故选A。

（2）考查推理判断。根据老师Tori Nelson和学生一起剪头发和最后一段中的“It was a lot of fun for the kids, and it helped Matthew feel better about himself,' 和Teaching isn't just about reading and writing, it's about self-esteem and accepting dif ferences.”可知Tori Nelson老师这样做是为了给学生安慰和鼓励，培养学生的自尊。故选B。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Ms Nelson tried to convince Matthew to come inside.老师对学生说的“If you take off your hat and come to class, I'll let you give me a buzz cut ,too,"和最后一段中的“It was a lot of fun for the kids, an d it helped Matthew feel better about himself,”可知Tori Nelson老师对学生负责任，关心学生。故选A。

（4）考查主旨大意。本文讲述了Matthew由于害怕同学们嘲笑自己的头发不敢进教室，老师Tori Nelson安慰他，并和他一起剪头发的故事，表现了老师既负责又有爱心。D. A haircut full of love概括了本文内容，表达了本文主题，适合作为本文标题。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

As a gesture of friendship，Mayor Yukio Ozaki of Tokyo，Japan gave Washington, D.C a gift of more than 3,000 Japanese cherry trees on March 17,1912.Every spring, the cherry trees in Washington，D.C. take bloom(开花)，beginning one of the country's loveliest celebrations, the National Cherry Blossom Festival (March 17-April 15). Book your trip now to see this vibrant display of pink and white in this city full of history!

Washington, D.C. Cherry Blossom In-Depth Tour

Priee: $45/person

Available: Mar.25-Apr.15

Duration: 1 Day

Highlights: Visit Washington， D.C.; experience the peak period of cherry blossom(April 8-12) Itinerary: Guests will start to celebrate the National Cherry Blossom Festival and discover the beauty of cherry blossoms. Next,we will begin our sightseeing city tour including Lincoln Memorial, White House, US Capitol, Madame Tussauds Wax Museum, Washington Monument and International Spy Museum. Then visit the next tourist spot, the Jefferson Memorial. It's the best location to view the cherry blossoms. Finally, guests may board a Potomac River cruise to see the city from the water. Then tour ends.

Price Includes: Ground Transportation

Admission Fees:

Madame Tussauds Wax Museum (optional)$23$17(3-12yrs)$20(Over 65 yrs)

Potomac River Cruise(optional)$26$18(3-12yrs)$23(Over 65 yrs)

guide. You cannot buy the tickets on your own or use City Pass. The tour guide will arrange the tickets for the group.

（1）On March 25,tourists___________.

A. experience the peak period of cherry blossom

B. have a discounted tour of a city full of history

C. enjoy the National Cherry Blossom Festival

D. witness the first day of the festival

（2）Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A. Japan presented cherry trees to attract tourists to Washington, DC.

B. The tour covers five tourist spots without admission fees.

C. Admission fees can be paid in cash or with City Pass.

D. Each tourist must choose at least one optional destination.

（3）It costs___________ for a 16-year-old student and his grandpa (aged 67) to go on the tour，with the wax museum included.

A. $110

B. $136

C. $133

D. $127

【答案】（1）C

（2）B

（3）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了美国的国家樱花节的时间、景点、花费和注意事项。

（1）考查细节理解。根据Washington, D.C. Cherry Blossom In-Depth Tour部分中的“Available: Mar.25-Apr.15”可知在三月二十五日，游客们可以享受国家樱花节，故选C。

（2）考查推理判断。根据Itinerary 部分中的“Next, we will begin our sightseeing city tour including Lincoln Memorial, White House, US Capitol, Madame Tussauds Wax Museum, Washington Monument and International Spy Museum. Then visit the next tourist spot, the Jefferson Memorial,”可知城市旅游包括以上八个景点，根据Admission Fees表格中的内容可知International Spy Museum，Madame Tussauds Wax Museum和Potomac River Cruise这三个景点是需要付费的，所以有五个景点不需要付费，故选B。

（3）考查数字计算。根据Price: $45/person，以及表格中Madame Tussauds Wax Museum (optional) $23，$20(Over 65 yrs)可知一位十六岁的学生和他的爷爷参加这次旅行，包括蜡像馆，价格是45*2+23+20=133，故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和数字计算三个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

4．阅读理解

A call came into Jimmy Gilleece's bar. A newly married woman, who had spent the afternoon at his bar, couldn't find her wallet. She didn't care about her ID, credit cards, or 150 in cash-but her

wedding ring was inside.

Gilleece, 42, didn't like the idea that a theft could have occurred at his place. So he determined to find the wallet. He spent hours on videos from surveillance (监控) cameras, watching the woman's every step in the bar. Within minutes, a young man approached the bar, put something in his pocket, and walked off.

Gilleece posted a clip (视频片段) on the bar's Facebook page to find out who the young man was. Within hours, Gilleece got a text from 17-year-old Rivers Prather, who said he'd done it because he hadn't eaten in two days. He said he saw the ring but thought it was fake, so he took the money and threw the wallet into the ocean. Then he bought a sandwich.

Gilleece told the teen to meet him at the docks (码头). There they talked a lot and Gilleece knew that Prather was from a poor family. Seeing the teenager's small build, Gilleece thought he was more of a kid than a criminal. However, because of the missing ring, Prather could be put into prison.

Gilleece decided to help the kid. He hired two local divers to search the waters where the wallet had been thrown. More than an hour passed, with no sign of the ring. Gilleece grew worried. And then a diver popped up. In his hand was the wallet, and inside was the ring. When Gilleece called the wallet's owner, she burst into tears and immediately dropped the charge against Prather for stealing the ring.

（1）What did the woman value most in her wallet?

A.Her ID.

B.Her credit cards.

C.Her money.

D.Her wedding ring.

（2）What did Prather do after getting the wallet?

A.He kept the ring.

B.He spent the money in it.

C.He threw it in a dustbin.

D.He returned it to the owner.

（3）Why did Gilleece help Prather?

A.To teach the child a lesson.

B.To meet the customer's demand.

C.To save the forgivable child.

D.To win back the reputation of his bar.

（4）What would happen to Prather next?

A.He would be sent to prison.

B.He would not be accused by the woman.

C.He would get a job in Gilleece's bar.

D.He would live a better life ever after.

【答案】（1）D

（2）B

（3）C

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，Jimmy Gilleece的酒吧中一位女士丢失了钱包，钱包里有她最珍视的结婚戒指。Jimmy Gilleece找到了捡到钱包的年轻人Rivers Prather，但是Rivers Prather拿了钱包里的钱将钱包丢进了海里。Gilleece觉得Prather只是个孩子，于是决定帮助他，最终找到了戒指，Prather也被撤销了指控。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“She didn't care about her ID, credit cards, or 150 in cash-but her wedding ring was inside. ”她不在乎她的身份证、信用卡或150美元现金——但她的结婚戒指在里面，可知那位妇女最珍视钱包里的结婚戒指。故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“He said he saw the ring but thought it was fake, so he took the money and threw the wallet into the ocean. ”他说他看到了戒指，但认为是假的，所以他拿了钱，把钱包扔进了大海，可知Prather得到钱包后，他把里面的钱花了。故选B。（3）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“Seeing the t eenager's small build, Gilleece thought he was more of a kid than a criminal. However, because of the missing ring, Prather could be put into prison.”看到这个少年的小个子，Gilleece觉得他更像个孩子，而不是罪犯。然而，因为丢失戒指，Prather可能会被关进监狱，可知Gilleece帮助Prather是因为他认为Prather是个可原谅的孩子。故选C。

（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“When Gilleece called the wallet's owner, she burst into tears and immediately dropped the charge against Prather for stealing the ring.”当Gilleece 打电话给钱包的主人时，她哭了起来，并立即撤销了对Prather偷戒指的指控)可知接下来Prather不会被那个女人指控。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

5．阅读理解

The new garbage sorting regulation has taken effect in Shanghai starting July 1. Many citizens are still confused about the classification of the four different types of trash. Thankfully, authorities have released an official guideline to explain the new rules.

The guideline, published by the Shanghai Greenery and Public Sanitation Bureau, provides a rather clear definition on the four kinds if waste: recyclable waste, harmful waste, household food waste and residual (剩余) waste.

A team from the U. K.'s National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine examined 14 lean and overweight men and analyzed their metabolic (新陈代谢) health. The participants were either assigned

Harmful waste, as the name suggests, includes various poisonous materials like used batteries, light bulbs, out-of-date medicines, paint and pesticides.

Household food waste —which is translated to "wet trash" in Chinese —refers to food leftovers, rotten food, pet food, fruit peels, remains of TCM herbs (中药) and flowers.

Paper, plastic, glass, metal and textiles (纺织品) are counted as recyclable waste.

The definition of residual waste is a little confusing. Anything that is not listed above belongs to this category.

As specific as the new guideline is, residents still have a hard time sorting trash correctly and are finding it challenging to memorize them all. For instance, both plastic bottles and bubble tea or coffee cups are plastic materials. However, the former falls to the category of recyclable waste and the latter belongs to residual waste. To save the hassle, some netizens have come up with their own way to sort trash.

"We should do this from a pig's angle," commented one netizen. "Those edible (可食用) for pigs are household food waste. Those even pigs don't want to eat are residual waste. If a pig consumes something and dies of it, then something must be harmful waste. Those that can be sold and the money we gain can be used to purchase pigs are recyclable waste."

The new regulation came into effect on July 1. Those who do not sort their trash properly will be fined RMB200.

（1）What do the old coats that you want to throw away belong to?

A.Harmful waste.

B.Wet trash.

C.Recyclable waste.

D.Residual waste

（2）What is the common point of "wet trash"?

A.They can be broken down easily.

B.They all come from plants.

C.They all have bad smells.

D.They all have poisonous materials.

（3）What is the tone of the netizen like?

A.Serious.

B.Humorous.

C.Delightful.

D.Uncertain.

（4）What does the passage mainly talk about?

A.The four sorts of garbing are forbidden in Shanghai.

B.Shanghai garbage sorting enforcement begins.

C.people are still confused about garbage sorting.

D.The netizens in Shanghai support the garbage sorting policy.

【答案】（1）C

（2）A

（3）B

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了上海垃圾分类政策的规范，包括有害垃圾、可回收垃圾、湿垃圾等的分类规范。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第六段“Paper, plastic, glass, metal and textiles (纺织品) are counted as recyclable waste.”可知，old coats是可回收利用的废品。故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“Household food waste —which is translated to ‘wet trash’ in Chinese — refers to food leftovers, rotten food, pet food, fruit peels, remains of TCM

herbs (中药) and flowers.”厨余垃圾也可被称作湿垃圾，其中包括一些水果皮、中药渣、花等等，由此可知这类垃圾都能够轻易被破坏，故选A。

（3）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“We should do this from a pig's angle,”可知，网民是用一种调侃的口气来说的。故选B。

（4）考查主旨大意。第一段介绍了上海实行的垃圾分类政策，紧接着又对各项垃圾进行了具体阐述，由此判断本文主要介绍了上海正在实行垃圾分类。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

6．阅读理解

The American newspaper has been around for about three hundred years. In 1721, the printer James Franklin, Benjamin's older brother, started the New England Courant, and that was what we might recognize today as a real newspaper. He filled his paper with stories of adventure, articles on art, on famous people, and on all sorts of political subjects.

Three centuries after the appearance of Franklin's Courant, few believe that newspapers in their present printed form will remain alive for long, Newspaper companies are losing advertisers, readers, market value, and in some cases, their sense of purpose at a speed that would not have been imaginable just several years ago. The chief editor of the Times said recently, “At places where they gather, editors ask one another, 'How are you?', as if they have just come out of the hospital or a lost law case.” An article about the newspaper appealed on the website of the Guardian, under the headline “NOT DEAD YET.”

Perhaps not, but the rise of the Internet, which has made the daily newspaper look slow and out of step with the world, has brought about a real sense of death, Some American newspapers have lost 42% of their market value in the past three years. The New York Times Company has seen its stock（股票）drop by 54% since the end of 2004, with much of the loss coming in the past year. A manager at Deutsche Bank suggested that stock - holders sell off their Times stock. The Washington Post Company has prevented the trouble only by changing part of its business to education; its testing and test — preparation service now brings in at least half the company's income,

（1）What can we learn about the New England Courant?

A. It is mainly about the stock market.

B. It carries articles by political leaders.

C. It marks the beginning of newspapers.

D. It remains a successful newspaper in America.（2）What can we infer about the newspaper editors?

A. They often accept readers' suggestions.

B. They caw a lot about each other's health.

C. They stop doing business with advertisers.

D. They face great difficulties in their business.（3）Which of the following found a new way for its development?

A. the Washington Post.

B. The Guardian.

C. The New York Tinier.

D. New England Courant.

（4）How does the author seem to feel about the future o f newspapers”?

A. Satisfied.

B. Hopeful.

C. Surprised.

D. Worried.

【答案】（1）C

（2）D

（3）A

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了美国报纸的由来，以及现在面临的挑战和做出的调整。

(1)考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“the printe r James Franklin, Benjamin's older brother, started the New England Courant, and that was what we might recognize today as a real newspaper.”可知，James Franklin创办的New England Courant就是我们今天所知的真正的报纸，也就标志着美国报业的开始，故选C。

(2)考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Newspaper companies are l osing advertisers, readers, market value”可知，报社正在逐渐失去广告商，读者和市场价值，以及后面编辑的话"At places where they gather, editors ask one another, 'How are you?', as if they have just come out of the hospital or a lost law case."，编辑们现在见面聊天的时候都会互相问候“你还好吗”仿佛刚出院或输了一场官司，其实隐含的意思就是因为报纸业的不景气，编辑们现在正面临着困难，所以这个问候应该是你们报社生意怎么样？故选D。

(3)考查细节理解。根据最后一段可知，找到一种新的发展方式的是The Washington Post 《华盛顿邮报》。故选A。

(4)考查推理判断。通读全文，作者列举了报业所面临的种种问题，可以判断作者对此很担忧。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

7．阅读理解

Every day I see advertisements in the newspapers and on the buses claiming that it is easy and quick to learn English. There is even a reference to William Shakespeare or Charles Dickens to encourage learners even more. When I see advertisements like this, I don't know whether to laugh or cry. But many people must believe these ridiculous claims, or else the advertisements would not appear.

Of course it is clear that students who go to England to learn English have a great advantage over others, but too many cannot afford to do so. Some go to the opposite extreme and think they can teach themselves at home with dictionaries. But it is wrong to assume that each word in English has a precise equivalent in another language, let alone produces good pronunciation and intonation.

Most teaching is still based on behaviorist psychology. Behaviorists are fond of making students repeat phrases and making sentences. If we were parrots or chimpanzees, these methods might be successful. A large number of theorists seem to think it is a pity we aren't, because it would make it easier to use their methods.

In my personal opinion, no one can ever learn to speak English or any other language unless he

is interested in it. Human beings, unlike parrots and chimpanzees, do not like making noises unless they understand what the noises mean and can relate them to their own lives. It is worth remembering that language is a means of communication. What they listen to and read cannot be a formula. It must be real.

There is another relevant point worth mentioning here. We need other people to talk to and listen to when we communicate. They can work with us and practice the unfamiliar forms with us in real situations, talking to each other about real life language.

（1）Many people believe advertisements in the newspapers and on the buses probably because .

A. they are encouraged by William Shakespeare or Charles Dickens

B. they are eager to learn and then believe them

C. the ways advertised can help them to save time and efforts

D. the ways advertised prove effective and helpful

（2）What may behaviorists argue towards English learning?

A. Human beings make more interesting noises than parrots and chimpanzees.

B. Human beings should relate their speech to their own lives.

C. Language is a formula with lots of repetitions and practices.

D. Language is a means of communication.

（3）What opinion does the author hold?

A. A quick method that suits all the students does exist.

B. English can be mastered within a very short period of time.

C. Each word in English has a precise equivalent in another language.

D. No one can learn English well without being interested in it.

（4）What ways of learning is suggested by the author?

A. Study abroad.

B. Learn communicatively and situationally.

C. Follow the behaviorists' approach.

D. Teach oneself at home with dictionaries.

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）D

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，讲述了一名语言教师对语言学习的个人看法。他认为学生们喜欢实惠的速成学习方法在情理之中，但是学英语不像广告中所说的那么轻松，假如没有兴趣，任何人都不可能学好英语或其他任何语言。在交际时我们需要有交谈或倾听的对象。用真实的语言去谈论真实的生活，那一定会受益匪浅。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“No doubt this is true to a certain extent, but it is not very helpful to s tudents. ”可知许多人渴望学好这门语言，相信这些广告中宣传的学习语言能速成，故选B。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Most teaching is still based on behaviorist psychology. Behaviorists are fond of making students repeat phrases and making sentences.”可知现在大量的教学活动还是建立在行为主义心理学的基础之上。行为主义者热衷于让学生复述短语，不

断做一些只需更换句中某个词的练习。故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“In my personal opinion, no one can ever learn to speak English or any other language unless he is interested in it.”可知作者认为，假如没有兴趣，任何人都不可能学好英语或其他任何语言。故选D。

（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“There is another relevant point worth mentioning here. We need other people to talk to and listen to when we communicate. They can work with us and practice the unfamiliar forms with us in real situations, talking to each other about real life language.”可知还有一个相关的问题值得一提：在交际时我们需要有交谈或倾听的对象。在学习较生疏的内容时，如果有其他学生和我们在实战中一起学习和练习那些陌生的语言形式，用真实的语言去谈论真实的生活，那一定会受益匪浅。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

8．阅读理解

What Theresa Loe is doing proves that a large farm isn't a prerequisite for a modern grow-your-own lifestyle. On a mere 1/10 of an acre in Los Angeles, Loe and her family grow, can (装罐) and preserve much of the food they consume.

Loe is a master food preserver, gardener and canning expert. She also operates a website, where she shares her tips and recipes, with the goal of demonstrating that everyone has the ability to control what's on their plate.

Loe initially went to school to become an engineer, but she quickly learned that her enthusiasm was mainly about growing and preparing her own food. “ got into cooking my own food and started growing my own herbs(香草)and foods for that fresh flavor,” she said. Engineer by day, Loe learned cooking at night school. She ultimately purchased a small piece of land with her husband and began growing their own foods.

“I teach people how to live farm-fresh without a farm,” Loe said. Through her website Loe emphasizes that ''anybody can do this anywhere.” Got an apartment with a balcony (阳台)? Plant some herbs. A window? Perfect spot for growing. Start with herbs, she recommends, because “they're very forgiving.” Just a little of the herbs “can take your regular cooking to a whole new level,” she added. “I think it's a great place to start.” Then? Try growing something from a seed, she said, like a tomato or some tea.

Canning is a natural extension of the planting she does. With every planted food, Loe noted, there's a moment when it's bursting with its absolute peak flavor. “I try and keep it in a time capsule in a canning jar,” Loe said. “Canning for me is about knowing what's in your food, knowing where it comes from.”

In addition to being more in touch with the food she's eating, another joy comes from passing this knowledge and this desire for good food to her children: “Influencing them and telling them your opinion on not only being careful what we eat but understanding the bigger picture,” she said, “that if we don't take care of the earth, no one will.”

（1）The underlined word “prerequisite” (Para. 1) is closest in meaning to“”.

A. recipe

B. substitute

C. requirement

D. challenge

（2）Why does Loe suggest starting with herbs?

A. They are used daily.

B. They are easy to grow.

C. They can grow very tall.

D. They can be eaten uncooked.

（3）According to Loe, what is the benefit of canning her planted foods?

A. It can preserve their best flavor.

B. It can promote her online sales.

C. It can better her cooking skills.

D. It can improve their nutrition.

（4）What is the “the bigger picture” (Para. 6) that Loe wishes her children to understand?

A. The knowledge about good food.

B. The way to live a grow-our-own life.

C. The joy of getting in touch with foods.

D. The responsibility to protect our earth

【答案】（1）C

（2）B

（3）A

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个名叫Loe的女性的故事。Loe是“自己种植”现代生活方式的实践者，她热衷于自己种植香草和味道新鲜的食物，并将食物装入密封罐中保持以保持最佳的风味，更想通过自己的举动影响孩子们，让他们意识到保护地球的责任。

(1)考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“On a mere 1/10 of an acre … and preserve much of the food they consume”可知面积并不是硬要求。Loe在那里所做的一切证明，一个大农场对“自己种植”现代生活方式来说并不是一个硬要求。故选C。

(2)考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Start with herbs… Just a little of the herbs …”可知香草很容易生长。故选B。

(3)考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“there is a moment when it's bursting with its absolute peak flavor. 'I try to keep it in a time capsule in a canning jar,'”可知将种植的事物装入密封罐中保存的好处是能够保持最佳的风味。故选A。

(4)考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的“that if we don't take care of the earth, no one will”可知the bigger picture指的是保护地球的责任。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和词义猜测两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行推理归纳，从而选出正确答案。

9．阅读理解

You may be familiar with the following famous people, but have you heard of their graduation speeches, in which they either share their unforgotten experiences or give you some great inspiration.

Michael Dell, University of Texas at Austin

And now you've accomplished something great and important here, and it's time for you to move on to what's next. And you must not let anything prevent you from taking those first steps. … You must also commit to the adventure. Just have faith in the skills and the knowledge you've been blessed（赐予）with and go.

J.K. Rowling, Harvard University

Half my lifetime ago, I was striking an uneasy balance between my ambition and the expectation from my parents who were not rich…But what I feared most of myself at your age was not poverty, but failure. The fact that you are graduating from Harvard suggests that you know little about failure, you might be driven by a fear of failure quite as much as a desire for success.

Steve Jobs, Stanford University

Sometimes life's going to hit you in the head with a brick. Don't lose faith…Your work is going to fill a large part of your life, and the only way to be truly satisfied is to do what you believe is great work, and the only way to do great work is to love what you do. If you haven't found it yet, keep looking and don't settle.

Bill Gates, Harvard University

We need as many people as possible to have access to the advanced technology to lead to a revolution in what human beings can do for one another. They are making it possible not just for national governments, but for universities, smaller organizations, and even individuals to see problems, see approaches and deal with the world's inequities（不公平）like hunger, poverty, and so on.

（1）What Michael Dell said is to urge us to ________.

A. listen to our heart

B. learn from our mistakes

C. follow others' example

D. pursue our dreams

（2）What did J.K. Rowling fear most when she was studying in university?

A. Failure.

B. Hunger.

C. Poverty.

D. Appearance.

（3）What does Bill Gates suggest people do?

A. Master as much advanced technology as possible.

B. Work together to rid some global problems.

C. Make contributions to the environment.

D. Take responsibility for their own behavior.【答案】（1）D

（2）A

（3）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了一些著名的人的毕业演讲。

（1）考查推理判断。根据Michael Dell, University of Texas at Austin部分中的“And now you've accomplished something great and important here, and it's time for you to move on to what's next.”可推断出Michael Dell说的话鼓励我们追求我们的梦想，故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。根据J.K. Rowling, Harvard University部分中的“But what I feared most of myself at your age was not poverty, but failure.”可知J.K. Rowling在大学时，最害怕失败，故选A。

（3）考查推理判断。根据Bill Gates, Harvard University部分中的“They are making it possible not just for national governments, but for universities, smaller organizations, and even individuals to see problems, see approaches and deal with the world's inequities（不公平）like hunger, poverty, and so on.”可推知Bill Gates建议人们一起工作，摆脱一些全球问题，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇时文类阅读，要求考

生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

10．Directions: Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

A tiny clue found in ancient deposits has unlocked big secrets about Greenland's past and future climate. Just beyond the northwest edge of the vast Greenland Ice Sheet, researchers have discovered lake mud that have survived the last ice age. The mud, and remains of common flies in it, record two interglacial periods(间冰期)in northwest Greenland.

Although researchers have long known these two periods—the early Holocene and Last Interglacial—experienced warming in the Arctic, the mix of fly species shows that Greenland was even warmer than previously thought. "As far as we know, it has never been found in Greenland. We think this is the first time anyone has reported it in ancient deposits or modern lakes there," Axford said. "We were really surprised to see how far north it migrated (迁徙)."

This new information could help researchers better measure Greenland's sensitivity to warming, by testing and improving models of climate and ice sheet behaviour. Those models could then improve predictions of how Greenland's ice sheet might respond to man-made global warming. After all, Greenland covers 80 per cent of the Arctic country and holds enough ice to equal 20 feet of global sea level. "Northwest Greenland might feel really remote, but what happens to that ice sheet is going to matter to everyone in every coastal city around the world," said Yarrow Axford, an associate professor in the team. "One of the big uncertainties in climate science is how fast the Earth changes when it gets warmer. Geology gives us an opportunity to see what happened when the Earth was warmer than today," said Axford.

People might be surprised to see how today's Greenland looked during the last two interglacial periods. During the Last Interglacial, global sea levels increased by 15 to 30 feet, largely due to thinning of Greenland and Antarctica's ice sheets. However, now researchers believe northern Greenland's ice sheet experienced stronger warming than previously thought, which could mean that Greenland is more responsible for that sea-level rise.

Finding lake deposits older than about 10,000 years, however, has been historically very difficult in Greenland. To measure these ancient temperatures, researchers look to ice cores (冰核) and lake deposits. Since ice and lake deposits form by a gradual buildup on annual layers of snow or mud, these cores contain history of the past. By looking through the layers, researchers can obtain climate clues from centuries ago.

（1）Why are the remains of flies mentioned in the first two paragraphs?

A.They serve as evidence that there is still life in the Northwest Greenland.

B.They were one of the many ancient lives that were left in the Greenland mud.

C.They are indicators that Greenland was much warmer than previously thought.

D.They help the researchers realize that there was once a warm period in the Arctic.

（2）The new information about Greenland is important because______________.

A.researchers have no idea how to measure Greenland's warming speed

B.it can help researchers better predict Greenland's response to warming

C.people should be more sensitive to the changes in the ice in Greenland

D.it is uncertain how fast the Earth changes with man-made global warming

（3）Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

A.It is easier for today's scientists to find ancient lake deposits.

B.People are surprised at the landscape feature of Greenland today.

C.Researchers measure the changing temperatures by directly examining mud.

D.Greenland holds enough ice that might one day threaten life in coastal cities.

（4）Which do you think is the best title of the passage?

A.Greenland Used to Be Much Greener

B.Earth Once Experienced Warm Periods

C.Coastal Cities Warned of Coming Disasters

D.Northwest Greenland, A Perfect Destination

【答案】（1）C

（2）B

（3）D

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在古代沉积物中发现的一条微小线索揭开了格陵兰岛过去和未来气候的大秘密。就在广阔的格陵兰冰原的西北边缘，研究人员发现了在最后一个冰河时代幸存下来的湖泥。现在研究人员认为，格陵兰北部的冰盖经历了比之前认为的更强烈的变暖。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“The mud, and remains of common flies in it, record two interglacial periods（间冰期）in northwest Greenland.”在格陵兰岛西北部，泥浆和常见苍蝇的残骸记录了两次间冰期；以及第二段中的“Although researchers have long known these two periods—the early Holocene and Last Interglacial—experienced warming in the Arctic, the mix of fly species shows that Greenland was even warmer than previously thought. ”尽管研究人员很早就知道这两个时期——全新世早期和最后一次间冰期——在北极经历了变暖，但混合的蝇类表明格陵兰岛甚至比之前认为的还要热。可知，在前两段中提到苍蝇的残骸是为了证明格陵兰岛的温度比之前认为的要高得多。故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“This new information could help researchers better measure Greenland's sensitivity to warming, by testing and improving models of climate and ice she et behaviour. ”可知，这些新信息可以帮助研究人员更好地测量格陵兰岛对气候变暖的敏感性。故选B。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“After all, Greenland covers 80 per cent of the Arctic country and holds enough ice to equal 20 feet of global sea level. ‘Northwest Greenland might feel really remote, but what happens to that ice sheet is going to matter to everyone in every coastal city around the world,’” 可知，格陵兰岛覆盖了这个北极国家的80%，拥有相当于全球海平面20英尺的冰。“格陵兰西北部可能真的感觉很遥远，但冰盖的变化将关系到世界上每个沿海城市的每个人。”故选D。

（4）考查主旨大意。本文通过最新的发现——最后一个冰河时代幸存下来的湖泥及湖泥中的苍蝇残骸及其相关研究说明格陵兰岛之前可能更暖和。因此，本文的最佳标题应为“格陵

兰岛曾经更加绿色”。故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。

高考英语阅读理解-经典压轴题附答案

一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 The mayor of Flint offered Miss Michigan Emily Sioma high praise on Tuesday for speaking out at this weekend's Miss America conference about the city's water crisis. "I was really excited for her to do that," Mayor Karen Weaver told TMZ. "I think she was very brave because so many times you say who you are and where you're from and just general information. For her to take that opportunity and use her platform and use her voice to speak up about what's going on in Michigan and in Flint, in particular, was just amazing." Emily Sioma, 24, introduced herself on stage on Sunday by saying, "From the state with 84 percent of the U. S. fresh water but none for its residents to drink. I am Miss Michigan Emily Sioma." The brief 'speech was a reference to Flint, a town with lead-filled drinking water. Weaver said Sioma's decision to speak about the Flint water crisis demonstrated her impressive character. "I applaud her for being a brave young woman. And it also shows you that she's not a selfish person," Weaver said. "She could have talked only about herself, but she chose to use this opportunity to bring attention to, and keep attention on, what's going on in Flint, what's going on with water quality standards what's going on with this broken infrastructure(基础设施) that we have across the country. " Ratings showed that 4. 3 million viewers watched the ABC program. Although Miss New York Nia Imani Franklin ultimately won the competition, many Twitter users quickly got behind Sioma, who did not make the final 15, after her introduction. "Emily Sioma wanted to make an impact," one Twitter user wrote on Sunday. Regardless of whether you agree with what she said or not- she is shining light on a pressing issue that we have in our state and that is still not solved. That is a Miss America." （1）What does the underlined word "water crisis" refer to in Paragraph 1? A.Water transportation. B.Water shortage. C.Water reservation. D.Water quality. （2）How does the mayor find Emily Sioma? A.Curious and cautious. B.Brave and unselfish. C.Proud and admirable. D.Talkative and outgoing. （3）What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 5? A.Summarize the previous paragraphs. B.Introduce the ABC program. C.Emphasize Sioma's influence. D.Add some background information. （4）Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A.The Mayor of Flint

高考英语阅读理解解题方法(四个方法)

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高三英语阅读理解(带详解)

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