定语从句及例题汇编

高考英语语法复习：定语从句

概念：在复合句中，用来修饰某个名词、代词或整个句子的从句叫做定语从句。

一、定语从句一般由关系代词和关系副词引导：

1、关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that, as

2、关系副词：when, where, why

二、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句：

1、限制性定语从句：从句与主句关系密切，去掉从句，主句意义不完整，甚至不合逻辑。

e.g. I was the only person in our office who was invited.（去掉定语从句，意思就不完整）

2、非限制性定语从句：从句对先行词关系不密切，去掉定从句，意思仍然完整。形式上用逗号隔开，不能用that引导。

e.g. Tom’s father, who is over sixty, still works hard day and night.（who引导非限制性定语从句，整个句子可分成两句来翻译）

三、关系代词的用法：

1.who 指人(引导限制性定语从句可做主语和宾语；引导非限制性定语从句只做主语)

whom 指人(作宾语)

a.The person_______ is standing at the school gate is my best friend.

b.The person _______they are talking about is my best friend.

2.that 指人、物(作主语、宾语、表语只能引导限制性定语从句)

a.The person_______ is standing at the school gate is my best friend.

b.The person _______they are talking about is my best friend.

c.My hometown is no longer the place ______ it was ten years ago.

d.He is not the man ______ he used to b

e.

3.which 指物(作主语、宾语)

The book ________ I am reading is written by Thomas.

4.whose 指人、物(作定语)

1.He lives in a big house______ window faces the sea.

=He lives in a big house the window of which faces the sea.

=He lives in a big house of which the window faces the sea.

2.Mr Smith , ________ house was robbed ,reported it to the police.

=Mt Smith , the house of whom was robbed, reported it to the police.

= Mt Smith , of whom the house was robbed, reported it to the police.

5.as 指人、物(作主语、宾语、表语)

①与the same/ such /so 连用，引导限制性定语从句

Here is so big a stone as no one can lift.

Here is such a big stone as no one can lift.

This is the same pen as I lost yesterday.(同样的但不是同一支)

This is the same pen that I lost yesterday.（是同一支）

②引导非限制性定语从句, 既可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，用来修饰整个句子as 常用在以下结构中。(而which 引导的非限制性定语从句放在主句之后或主句之中)

as+主语+see /know/expect/imagine/suppose

as is seen/ known/ expected/ imagined/ supposed/ announced

as often happens/as has been said before/as is often the case

As is known to all, Taiwan is part of China./As Engels pointed, labor created man himself. /He went abroad, as we expected.

【即学即用】

1.They wouldn’t agree to sell the house to us at the same price__ they had promised,___ was rather disappointing.

A which; as

B as; that

C as; which

D that; that

B2.Whenever I met her, ________ was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile.

A that

B which

C what

D when

注意事项：1.that与which的区别

1）用that而不用 which的情况：①先行词为不定代词all, anything, nothing, …；

②先行词有最高级修饰，有序数词修饰；③先行词有the only, the very, any等词修饰；④先行词既有人又有物时;⑤当主语是以who，which等开头的特殊疑问句时，用that e.g. There is nothing that can prevent him from doing it.

The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill.

This is the best film that I have ever seen./Mr Smith is the only foreigner that he knows.

Who is the girl that is hurrying to school

2）用which而不用that的情况：①引导非限制性定语从句②代表整个主句的意思③介词+ 关系代词。

e.g. He had failed in the maths exam, ______made his father very angry.

This is the room _________ my father lived last year.

2关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词单数还是用复数应由先行词决定。

e.g. a.The man who________(live) downstairs speaks English fluently.

b.The students who _____(be) in Grade Three are going to climb the hill tomorrow.

四关系副词的用法when，where ，why 在从句中分别作时间、地点和原因状语=介词+ which

1.Do you still remember the day ______________we first met in Nanjing

2.This is the room ______________ we lived last year.

3.Do you know the reason ____________he refused to go to Mary’s birthday party.

五经典特例：

1 He is one of the persons who____(invite) to the ball./He is the only one of the persons ___ (invite) to the ball.

2 I don’t like the way ______________ he talks./I don’t want to do it in the way

______________ he told me.

3 Is this the factory ___________ I visited last year/Is this factory ___________I visited last year

4 I will never forget the days ______________I spent with you on the farm.

I will never forget the days __________I worked with you on the farm.

5 Do you know the reason __________ he refused to go to Mary’s birthday party

The reason_____________ he put forward is very important.

6 抽象地点名词如situation, case, point, stage, scene 作先行词，在定语从句中作状语，

后可接where引导定语从句。

e.g. They have reached the point __________ they have to separate with each other.

I got to a stage________ I must try my best to realize my dream.

抽象时间名词stage （时期），occasion，age, period作先行词时,在定语从句中作状语,用when引导定语从句。

Occasions are rare _______I have time to communicate with my parents.

We are now living in a high-tech age ______complicated things are becoming easy.

A when

B that

C where

D why

7．① in which case引导非限制性定语从句“ 如果那样的话”相当于and in that case She may be late, _____________ we ought to wait for her.

②at which point 引导非限制性定语从句“就在这时”

③The film started to get very violent, __________ I got frightened.

④degree: Human facial expressions differ from those animals in the degree __________they

can be controlled on purpose.

⑤from where, since when, by when 也可引导定语从句。

Tom hid himself behind the door, _________he could hear the steps of his mother clearly. She left home 3 years ago, ____________ we haven’t heard from her.

8．如何确定“介词+关系代词”中的介词：

介词+关系代词也是历年来各省市高考的一个热点。关于介词的选用大体上可以从以下三方面去考虑：

（1）根据与定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭配来考虑

Wind power is an ancient source of energy __________ we may return in the near future.

A on which

B by which

C to which

D from which

Gun control is a subject _______ Americans have argued for a long time.

A of which

B with which

C about which

D into which

Can you explain to me how to use these idioms ___________ I’m not sure.

（2）根据与先行词的习惯搭配或意义考虑

Living in the central Australian desert has it’s problems,_________ obtaining water is not the least.

A of which

B for what

C as

D whose

Is that the newspaper _______ you often write articles. /1949 was the year ________

（3）根据与句子的具体含义来考虑

The farmer used wood to build a house________ to store again.

A with which

B in which

C which

D where

By nine o’clock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma,

__________ appeared a rare rainbow soon. A of which B on which C from which D above which

9 判断下面两个where引导的从句是定语从句还是地点状语从句。

You’d better make a mark at the spot where you have any quest ions._____________

You’d better make a mark where you have any questions.__________

10 填入恰当的词It was in the house_______ I met the young man.

This is the house _____I met the young man./It was the kitchen_______ the fire broke out.

It was in the kitchen_____ the fire broke out./It was in the hotel ______ he lived _______ I met him.

11. 填入恰当的词Here is so big a stone _____no one can lift it./ Here is such a big stone ____ no one can lift.

12定语从句与并列句

Last week only two people came to look at the house, neither of_________ wanted to buy it. Last week only two people came to look at the house, but neither of_________ wanted to buy it. She brought with her three friends, none of_______ I had ever met before.

A them

B who

C whom

D these

定语从句考题及详解

1. The days are gone ________ physical strength was all you needed to make a living.

A. when

B. that

C. where

D. which

2. She showed he visitors around the museum, the construction______ has taken more

than three years.

A. for which

B. with which

C. of which

D. to which

3. The school shop, ______ customers are mainly students, is closed for the holidays.

A. which

B. whose

C. when

D. where

4. Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others, ________, of course, made all the others upset.

A. who

B. which

C. what

D. that

5. I walked up to the top of the hill with my friend, _____ we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake

A. which

B. where

C. who

D. that

6. Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T-shirt, ______is a stupid thing to do in such weather.

A. this

B. that

C. what

D. which

7. Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, __________ the audience can buy

ice-cream.

A．When B．Where C．that D．which

8. The prize will go to the writer ______ story shows the most imagination.

A. that

B. which

C. whose

D. what

9. English is a language shared by several diverse cultures ,each of ____ uses it somewhat differently .

A. which

B. what

C. them

D. those

10. A bank is the place ____they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain .

A. when

B. that

C. where

D. there

11. Julie was good at German, French and Russian, all of ____ she spoke fluently

A who

B whom

C which

D that

12. Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator , _____ it will keep for two or

three weeks..

A. when

B. which

C. where

D. while

13. The old town has narrow streets and small houses _____are built close to each other.

A. they

B. where

C. what

D. that

14. She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students ____ allows them to communicate freely with each other.

A. which

B. where

C. what

D. who

15. That’s the new machine _______ parts are too small to be seen.

A. that

B. which

C. whose

D. what

16. After graduating from college, I took some time off to go traveling, _______ turned out to be

a wise decision.

A. that

B. which

C. when

D. where

17. To improve the quality of our products, we asked for suggestions _____ had used the products.

A. whoever

B. who

C. whichever

D. which

定语从句针对性训练

1 He talked happily about the men and books_____ interested him greatly in the school.

A. which

B. that

C. it

D. whom

2 He wrote a letter to me, telling me everything _______he saw on the way to the Paris.

A. what

B. that

C. which

D. where

3 I’ll never forget the day ____I joined the League.

A. on which

B. in which

C. which

D. at which

4 The woman _____my brother spoke just now is my teacher.

A. who

B. to whom

C. to who D whom

5 Jeanne was her old friend, ____she borrowed a necklace.

A. from who

B. from whom

C. to that

D. to whom

6 His glasses, _____he was like a blind man, fell to the ground and broke its leg.

A. which

B. with which

C. without which

D. that

7 His movie won several awards at the film festival, ______ was beyond his wildest dream.

A. which

B. that

C. where

D. it

8 We’re just tying to reach a point_______ both sides will sit down together and talk.

A. where

B. that

C. when

D. which

9 It was in New Zealand ___________ Elizabeth first met Mr. Smith.

A. that

B. how

C. which

D. when

10 ---Where did you get to know her

---It was on the farm _____we worked.

A. that

B. there

C. which

D. where

11 The book was written in 1946, ______ the education system has witnessed great changes.

A. when

B. during which

C. since then

D. since when

12 ____ is known to us all is that the 2016 Olympic Games will take place in Rio de Janeiro.

A. It

B. What

C. As

D. Which

13 He had a lot of friends, only a few of _________ invited to his wedding.

A. whom

B. them

C. which

D. who

14 Look out! Don’t get too close to the house ______roof is under repair.

A. whose

B. which

C. of which

D. what

15 David is such a good boy _________ all the teachers like.

A. that

B. who

C. as

D. whom