地质专业英语翻译段落 (学习版)
Petroleum occurs widely in the earth as gas,liquid,semisolid,or solid,or in more than one of these states at a single place.Chemically any petroleum is an extremely complex mixture of hydrocarbon compounds,with minor amounts of nitrogen ,oxygen,and sulfur as impurities.Liquid petroleum ,which is called crude oil to distinguish it from refined oil,is the most important commercially .It consists chiefly of the liquid hydrocarbons ,with varying amounts of dissolved gases,bitumens,and impurities.
石油，以气态、液态、半固态或固态、或在某一个地方以一种以上形态广泛存在于地球中。从化学上讲，任何石油都是由烃化合物组成的极其复杂的混合物，并含有少量作为杂质的氮、氧及硫。液态的石油，为区别于炼制油，成为原油，在商业上是重要的。它主要由液态烃类组成，并含有不同数量的溶解气、沥青和杂质。
The origin and distribution of a reservoir rock are controlled primarily by the processes by which the sand was deposited. Scientists concerned with the origin of sedimentary rocks are fortunate because they can observe the conditions and processes by which sediments accumulate today and use their observations to interpret the origin of ancient sediment. By using the areas of modern environments of deposition as natural laboratories, scientists seek to improve the quality of their work. A massive effort has been underway for the past 30 years by industry, government and university scientists throughout the world to investigate modern environments of deposition and to interpret the results of the processes in Holocene sequences. Concepts have evolved from these studies that have revolutionized scientific thought about the sedimentary rocks.
储集岩的成因和分布基本受砂沉积时的一些作用控制。科学家参与沉积岩的成因研究是十分幸运的，因为他们可以观察当今沉积物沉积的条件和作用，并通过他们观察的结果去解释古代沉积物的成因。科学家们用现代沉积环境研究区作为天然实验室，试图改进他们的工作质量。过去的30年间，世界各国的工业部门、政府和大学中的科学家们，为调查现代沉积环境并解释全新统层序的一些作用的结果，进行了大量的工作。从这些研究中引申出了一些概念，引发了有关沉积岩的科学思想的革命。
Diagenetic alteration is the rule rather than the exception in carbonates.Leaching generally has a favourable effect on reservoir quality because it tends to improve porosity and markedly enhances permeability. Dolomitization can play a dual role. Generally, it will improve a reservoir by increasing the pore size,at other times, porosity may be destroyed when dolomitization creates a dense interlocking crystal mosaic. Dolomitization preferentially affects the fine grained matrix material and may be accompanied by solution of the larger skeletal grains to form vugs.
对于碳酸盐岩来说，成岩作用是规律的也非异常的。淋滤作用有助于增加孔隙度，明显提高渗透率，一般对储集层性质产生有利影响。白云化作用可起着双重作用。一般来说，它会通过增加孔隙的大小来使储集层得以改善，另一方面，当它产生致密胶接结晶镶嵌结构时，孔隙有可能遭到破坏。白云化作用优先影响细粒沉积基质物质，并可能伴以大量骨架颗粒溶解，形成孔洞。
Lithology 岩性
The most common lithology that forms a petroleum seal is mud rock, often referred to as shale. Mud rocks form approximately 60-70% of all sedimentary rocks. Mudrocks can be composed of either carbonate or siliciclastic minerals (or both), and mudrock sequences are often thick (> 50m) and laterally continuous (> 1.0km2). Examples of mud rock seals are found in all deltaic settings (including the Gulf of Mexico, Niger, and Nile Delta petroleum provinces) and many rift and passive continental margin basins (including the northwest Australian shelf, northwestern Europe, the North Sea, and Southeast Asia). Halite can form a more effective seal but is a less common lithology, found only where conditions of high evaporation of sea water have taken place.
泥岩是形成石油盖层最常见的岩性，通常所指的是页岩。泥岩约占全部沉积岩的60-70 %。泥岩可以形成碳酸盐岩或碎屑矿物（或两者），泥岩层序通常比较厚（大于50米）和具有横向连续（> 1.0km2）。泥岩作为盖层都是在三角洲沉积体系中发现的（包括墨西哥，尼日尔，和尼罗河三角洲石油省份）及裂谷和被动大陆边缘盆地（包括澳大利亚西北陆架，欧洲西北部，北海，亚洲东南部）。只有在海水蒸发量大的情况形成的岩盐可以作为一个更有效的盖层，但没有泥岩盖层那么常见。
Continuity 连续性
Lateral seal continuity is a major concern.Deltaic settings,for example,are usually characterized by lateral continuity over short distances.Regional continuity is provided by transgressive and regressive shale and sabkha-type evaporites at the close of regional carbonate cycles.Regional seal continuity is considered excellent for retention when parts of basins are assessed.
盖层的横向连续性至关重要。例如;三角洲环境通常特征是短距离的横向连续性。区域碳酸盐岩旋回结束时形成的海进、海退页岩和潮上滩型蒸发岩则呈区域性连续分布。评价盆地某些部分时，人们认为盖层的区域连续性对油气保存而言是极好的条件。
In general, a trap is an area of low potential energy toward which the buoyant oil and gas move from areas of higher energy. The oil and gas separate in accord with their density and remain in the trap as long as the conditions do not change --- that is, until the trap is connected to some point of still lower potential energy, as by faulting, by regional tilting, by a change in the rate at which water flows through the rocks, or by a well, at which time they again move, and the effectiveness of the trap decrease.
一般来说，圈闭就是指有浮力作用的油气高势区封闭而形成的油气低势区。根据其密度的不同，油、气分离开来且在条件不改变的情况下，在圈闭中聚集-换句话说如果说一个圈闭与更低的低势区连连通，比如通过断层、区域性倾斜、通过岩石的水的流速的变化率或者钻井使油气重新运移的作用下，圈闭的有效性也就随之降低。
地理专业词汇英语翻译
地理专业词汇英语翻译(A-B) a horizon 腐殖堆积层 aa lava 块熔岩 abandoned field 撩荒地abandoned lands 撩荒地abandoned mine 废弃矿山abandoned shoreline 旧岸线aberration 像差 abiogenesis 自然发生 abiotic factor 非生物因素 ablation 水蚀 ablation moraine 消融冰碛abnormality 反常 aboriginal 土着的 abrasion 海蚀 abrasion platform 浪蚀台地abrasion shore 浪蚀海岸abrasion surface 浪蚀面abrasion terrace 海蚀阶地abrasive 研磨剂 abrupt slope 陡坡 abrupt textural change 质地突变abscissa 横坐标 absolute age 绝对年龄 absolute age determination 绝对年代测定 absolute age of groundwater 地下水绝对年龄 absolute altitude 绝对高度absolute amplitude 绝对振幅absolute chronology 绝对年代absolute convergence 绝对收敛absolute dating 绝对年代测定absolute error 绝对误差 absolute extremes 绝对极值absolute geochronology 绝对地质年代学 absolute geopotential 绝对重力势absolute gravity 绝对重力absolute humidity 绝对湿度absolute instability 绝对不稳定性absolute maximum 绝对极大absolute measure 绝对尺度absolute minimum 绝对极小absolute orientation 绝对定向absolute parallax 绝对视差 absolute precision 绝对精度 absolute representation 绝对值表 示法 absolute temperature 绝对温度 absolute value 绝对值 absolute zero 绝对零度 absorbed radiant flux 吸收辐射 absorbed radiation 吸收辐射 absorbent 吸收剂 absorbing capacity 吸收能力 absorbing complex 吸收性复合体 absorptance 吸收系数 absorption 吸收 absorption band 吸收带 absorption coefficient 吸收系数 absorption curve 吸收曲线 absorption factor 吸收因素 absorption filter 吸收滤光片 absorption of energy 能量吸收 absorption of light 光吸收 absorption spectrum 吸收光谱 absorption surface 吸收面 absorptive capacity 吸收本领 absorptivity 吸收能力 absorptivity emissivity ratio 吸收发 射比 abstract symbol 抽象符号 abundance of isotopes 同位素的 丰度 abundance of the elements 元素丰 度 abundance ratio of isotopes 同位 素的相对丰度 abundant rainfall 过量降雨 abyss 深渊 abyssal 深海的 abyssal basins 深海盆地 abyssal benthos 深海底栖生物 abyssal deposits 深海沉积物 abyssal facies 深海相 abyssal hill 深海丘陵 abyssal plain 深海平原 abyssal region 深海区 abyssal sediment 深海沉积物 abyssal zone 深海带 acariasis 螨病 acarinosis 螨病 acaustobiolite 非可燃性生物岩 accelerated erosion 加速侵蚀 accelerated weathering 加速风化 acceleration 加速度 acceptance 接收 acceptor 收体 acceptor atom 受体原子 acceptor bond 接体合 accessory element 伴随元素 accessory mineral 副次要 accessory species 次要种 accidental ejecta 外源喷出物 accidental error 偶然误差 accidental species 偶见种 acclimatization 气候驯化 acclivity 上行坡 accompaniment element 伴生元素 accordance of summit levels 峰顶 面等高性 accordant junction 协和汇流平齐 汇流交合汇流 accordant junction of streams 协合 流 accretion gley 淤积潜育层 accumulated temperature 积温 accumulation 堆积 accumulation curve 累积曲线 accumulation horizon 聚积层 accumulation mountains 堆积山地 accumulation of assimilation products 同化物累积 accumulation of humus 腐殖质蓄 积 accumulation of organic matter 有 机质堆积 accumulative coast 堆积海岸 accumulative relief 堆积地形 accuracy 准确度 accuracy of measurement 测定准 确度
专业英语翻译中的常见问题(详细翻译技巧)
英译汉几个常见问题如下： 1）英译汉时语言组织不符合中文的讲话习惯。在不改变原文绝大部分意思的情况下，不需要字对字或者严格遵守英语语序，在获得原句含意后务必采用中文的思维将译文写出。要求是在读着看过译文后，不能让读着感觉到文章是翻译而得的，即不能留有丝毫翻译的痕迹。 2）英译汉时译文上下文的用词不一致。尤其是学术文献或论文的翻译，除了学术用语和专业用语需要准确，更重要的是全文上下文中同一个词或者短句翻译出的用词或短语必须一致。例如一开始将control panel翻译为“控制面板”，那么全文都不得改变这个译法。 3）英译汉时用词过于口语化。除了剧本，台词，字幕等需要口语化用词的翻译稿件以外。其余大部分翻译，例如文献，论文，合同，申请书，标书等，用词尽量书面化。例如“weight”在统计学和分析学中不可翻译为“给予数值”，必须翻译为“赋权”，两者意思相近，但是采用后者。 4）英译汉时词汇含意理解产生偏差。这是死记单词造成的后果。翻译中，在无上下文的情况下，除非是专有学术名词（例“diabetes”基本上永远都是糖尿病的意思），其余的单词很难说究竟是什么意思，我们只能说某个词大概是对照中文某个词的感觉，但是决不可死认一个意思，死认单词意思造成翻译不通、翻译错误等。当然也不能糊译，不能为了使句子翻译通顺而胡编一个意思。 5）英译汉时英语长句中的意群划分有误。原版的英语资料中长句较多，往往40-50个词之间没有一个标点，修饰成分和意群划分的错误会导致理解错误和翻译错误。原则上，英语中的各类从句，特别是状语从句在句子中的位置相对灵活，没搞明白其修饰对象就会错译。 汉译英几个常见问题如下： 1）汉译英时字对字翻译。这是翻译中最致命的错误，很多人以为认识对应的英语单词或者知道对应的英语单词，这句话才会翻译。其实不是，原则上四千词汇量就能解释大部分英语单词的含义，只不过大部分人不知道如何用简单词汇造句去描述或解释高难度单词。 2）汉译英时中式语序。何谓中式语序，即以“主+谓+宾”为主的句型。这种句子写多了，一旦遇上长句或者语法功能上缺少成分的句子就懵了。所以必须多读，多了解原版英语的句子是如何写的。 3）汉译英时短句太多。这里并不是指写英语短句不好，在考试中建议写短句，这是为了避免语法错误，当然也不要太短了。在较为正式的或专业性强的文本中，汉译英在必要时需要翻译成长句。例如不久前的某论文中的一句：筛选出对靶基因干扰效率最高的 HER2-shRNA慢病毒表达载体并成功包装成病毒去感染SKOV-3细胞而后在体外进行实验的结果显示Her2/neu的siRNA慢病毒载体可以显著抑制靶基因的表达并使卵巢癌SKOV3细胞的生物学行为明显受抑。因此，熟练掌握各类从句的写法和作用很重要。 4）汉译英时英语词汇词义辨析不清而导致误用，用词不准。大部分人的翻译习惯是，凡是中文有英文的对应单词，就二话不说直接用，其实这个是不对的。很多同义词意思相近，用法和所用的语境场合完全不同。例如“base”“basis”“foundation”，意思几乎相同，但是用法完全不同。尤其是学术文章，误用就导致歧义。 5）汉译英时逻辑混乱结构不清。汉译英中的逻辑和语句结构相当重要。逻辑混乱，即译文毫无章法，思绪混沌，不知所云。结构不清，即英语的从句或其他成分在句中的位置胡乱摆放，进行翻译的人员自然是清楚的指导这些英语句子的含义，因为是看着中文翻译过来的，想不知道中文含义都难，但是没看过中文的读着就会因此而看得云里雾里，从而导致读者难以理解译文。
广告英语翻译常用词语
广告英语翻译常用词汇 产品远销英国、美国、日本、意大利和东南亚，深受消费者欢迎和好评Our products are sold in Britain, America, Japan, Italy and South East Asia and well appreciated by their purchasers. 畅销全球 selling well all over the world 典雅大方 elegant and graceful 定型耐久 durable modeling 方便顾客 making things convenient for customers 方便群众 making things convenient for the people; to suit the peo ple's convenience 方便商品 convenience goods 方便生活 bringing more convenience to the people in their daily life; prov iding amenities for the people; making life easier for the popula tion 各式俱全 wide selection; large assortment
顾客第一 Customers first 顾客是我们的皇帝 We take customers as our Gods. 规格齐全 a complete range of specifications; complete in specific ations 花样繁多 a wide selection of colours and designs 货色齐全 goods of every description are available. 客商第一，信誉第一 clients first, reputation first 款式多样 a great variety of models 款式活泼端庄 vivid and great in style 款式齐全 various styles 款式新颖 attractive designs; fashionable(in) style; novel (in) de sign; up-to-date styling 款式新颖众多 diversified latest designs 美观大方 elegant appearance 美观耐用 attractive and durable 品质优良，疗效显著，誉满全球，欢迎选购 excellent quality, evident effect, good reputation over the world, orders are welcome. 品种多样 numerous in variety 品种繁多 great varieties 品种齐全 complete range of articles; a great variety of goods
土木地质岩土工程专业毕业英文翻译原文和译文
Failure Properties of Fractured Rock Masses as Anisotropic Homogenized Media Introduction It is com monly ack no wledged that rock masses always display disc on ti nu ous surfaces of various sizes and orie ntatio ns, usually referred to as fractures or joi nts. Si nee the latter have much poorer mecha ni cal characteristics tha n the rock material, they play a decisive role in the overall behavior of rock structures,whose deformati on as well as failure patter ns are mai nly gover ned by those of the join ts. It follows that, from a geomecha ni cal engin eeri ng sta ndpo int, desig n methods of structures inv olvi ng joi nted rock masses, must absolutely acco unt for such ‘‘ weakness' ' surfaeesahalysis. The most straightforward way of deali ng with this situati on is to treat the joi nted rock mass as an assemblageof pieces of in tact rock material in mutual in teracti on through the separat ing joint in terfaces. Many desig n-orie nted methods relat ing to this kind of approach have been developed in the past decades, among them,the wedlnown ‘‘ block theory, ' ' which attempts to ide ntify pote n- tially unstable lumps of rock from geometrical and kinematical considerations (Goodman and Shi 1985; Warburton 1987; Goodman 1995). One should also quote the widely used distinet element method, originating from the works of Cundall and coauthors (Cundall and Strack 1979; Cundall 1988), which makes use of an explicit ?nite-difference numerical scheme for computing the displacements of the blocks considered as rigid or deformable bodies. In this con text, atte nti on is primarily focused on the formulatio n of realistic models for describ ing the joint behavior. Since the previously men ti oned direct approach is beco ming highly complex, and the n numerically untractable, as soon as a very large number of blocks is involved, it seems advisable to look for alter native methods such as those derived from the con cept of homogenization. Actually, such a concept is already partially conveyed in an empirical fashion by the famous Hoek and Brown ' s criterion (Hoek and Brown 1980; Hoek 1983). It stems from the in tuitive idea that from a macroscopic point of view, a rock mass in tersected by a regular network of joint surfaces, may be perceived as a homogeneous continuum. Furthermore, owing to the existence of joint preferential orientations, one should expect such a homoge ni zed material to exhibit ani sotropic properties. The objective of the present paper is to derive a rigorous formulation for the failure criteri on of a joi nted rock mass as a homoge ni zed medium, from the kno wledge of the joi nts and rock material respective criteria. In the particular situation where twomutually orthogonal joint sets are con sidered, a closed-form expressi on is obta in ed, giving clear evide nce of the related stre ngth ani sotropy. A comparis on is performed on an illustrative example betwee n the results produced by the homogenization method,making use of the previously determined criterion, and those obtained by means of a computer code based on the distinct element method. It is show n that, while both methods lead to almost ide ntical results for a den sely fractured rock mass, a ‘‘ size ' ' or ‘‘ scale effect ' ' is observed in the case of a joints. The second part of the paper is then devoted to proposing a method which attempts to capture such a scale effect, while still tak ing adva ntage of a homoge ni zati on tech niq ue. This is achieved by resorting to a micropolar or Cosserat continuum description of the fractured rock mass,
工业工程专业英语1-3单元翻译
Professional English for Industrial Engineering Chapter1 Unit3翻译 姓名： 专业：工业工程 班级： 学号： 完成日期：2015-10-31
Chapter 1 Unit 3 Academic Disciplines of Industrial Engineering 五大主要工程学科和它们的发展 在美国，有五个主要工程学科（土木、化学、电工、工业、机械），它们是早在第一次世界大战时就出现的工程分支学科。这些进步是世界范围内发生的工业革命的一部分，并且在技术革命的开始阶段仍在发生。 随着第二次世界大战的发展导致了其他工程学科的发展，比如核工程，电子工程，航空工程，甚至是电脑工程。太空时代导致了航空工程的发展。最近对环境的关注使得环境工程和生态工程也得到了发展。这些更新的工程学科经常被认为是专长学科包含“五大”学科，即土木，化学，电工，工业，和机械工程里的一种或多种。 和美国的情况不同，工业工程在中国属于第一层级管理科学和工程学科下面的第二级别的学科。 IE学科的开端 学科后来演变成工业工程学科是最初在机械工程系被作为特殊课程教的。首个工业工程的分部在1908年的宾夕法尼亚州大学和雪城大学被建立。（在宾夕法尼亚州的项目是短期存在的，但是它在1925年又重建了）一个在普渡大学的机械工程的IE选科在1911年被建立。一个更完整的工业工程学院项目的历史可能在资料中被找到。 在机械工程部有一个IE选科的实践是主要的模式直到第二次世界大战的结束，并且分离出来的IE部在整个上个世纪里的文理学院和综合大学里被建立。 早在第二次世界大战的时候，在工业工程方面，只有很少的毕业生水平的研究。一旦分开的学部建立之后，学士和博士级别的项目开始出现。 现代IE的教育—分支学科 今天，与过去相比，工业工程对于不同的人来说意味着不同的东西。实际上，一个发展一个突出的现代工业工程的方法是通过获得在它的分支学科和它怎么联系到其他领域的理解。如果在分支学科和工业工程相关联的领域之间有清楚的
常用专业术语翻译
1.素质教育：Quality Education 2. EQ：分两种，一种为教育商数Educational quotient，另一种情感商数Emotional quotient 3. 保险业：the insurance industry 4. 保证重点指出：ensure funding for priority areas 5. 补发拖欠的养老金：clear up pension payments in arrears 6. 不良贷款：non-performing loan 7. 层层转包和违法分包：mutlti-level contracting and illegal subcontracting 8. 城乡信用社：credit cooperative in both urban and rural areas 9. 城镇居民最低生活保障：a minimum standard of living for city residents 10. 城镇职工医疗保障制度：the system of medical insurance for urban workers 11. 出口信贷：export credit 12. 贷款质量：loan quality 13. 贷款质量五级分类办法：the five-category assets classification for bank loans 14. 防范和化解金融风险：take precautions against and reduce financial risks 15. 防洪工程：flood-prevention project 16. 非法外汇交易：illegal foreign exchange transaction 17. 非贸易收汇：foreign exchange earnings through nontrade channels 18. 非银行金融机构：non-bank financial institutions 19. 费改税：transform administrative fees into taxes 20. 跟踪审计：foolow-up auditing 21. 工程监理制度：the monitoring system for projects 22. 国有资产安全：the safety of state-owned assets 23. 过度开垦：excess reclamation 24. 合同管理制度：the contract system for governing projects 25. 积极的财政政策：pro-active fiscal policy 26. 基本生活费：basic allowance 27. 解除劳动关系：sever labor relation 28. 金融监管责任制：the responsibility system for financial supervision 29. 经济安全：economic security 30. 靠扩大财政赤字搞建设：to increase the deficit to spend more on development 31. 扩大国内需求：the expansion of domestic demand 32. 拉动经济增长：fuel economic growth 33. 粮食仓库：grain depot 34. 粮食收购企业：grain collection and storage enterprise 35. 粮食收购资金实行封闭运行：closed operation of grain purchase funds 36. 粮食销售市场：grain sales market 37. 劣质工程：shoddy engineering
专业英语地质翻译
Catastrophic versus uniform views of change and the age of the earth // 地球的灾变论和均变论之争以及地球的年龄 1.Ancient people quite understandably were impressed only by rapid and violent geologic processes. This led to a catastrophic view of the earth (commonly called catastrophism), which dominated European thought until 1850, Changes were thought to occur suddenly, rapidly, and devastatingly by a series of catastrophes. The most famous example of such a supposed catastrophe was, of course, the great Deluge of the old Testament, Others included volcanic eruptions at Pompeii and Thera as well as the Lisbon earthquake. // 古人往往对于快速的和猛烈的地质演化现象印象深刻，这导致了地球灾变性观点（通常称之为灾变论）在欧洲地质学界一直占主导地位，直到十九世纪五十年代，地质学家普遍认为地球演化是在一些列突发性、快速并具有灾难性的地质事件之后产生。支持灾变论最著名的例子如旧约全书所记载的大洪水时代，其他的地质事件如意大利庞贝古城火山的爆发，锡拉岛火山爆发，里斯本大地震等也是其有效的证据。 2.A parallel idea consistent with catastrophism was a universally accepted belief that the earth was but a few thousand years old, This conception is revealed in Shakespeare’s As You Like It, written around 1600, where reference is made to the age of the earth being about 6000years, In 1654 one of several more definite pronouncement came from Anglican Archbishop Ussher, who announced that, based upon his analysis of genealogies in the Scriptures and of astronomical cycles, the word had been created in the year4004B.C. on the 23d of October! Some years later, anotherauthority fixed an equally precise date for the great Deluge, November 18,2349 B.C. At that time, Practically all leading European intellectuals believed implicitly in a literal interpretation of the Bible, and so it is not surprising to find that a 6000-year age for the erath was gospel for fully 200 years. //与灾变论相一致的观点，且被广泛接受相信的是地球的年龄只有几千年。这个观点是在英国大文豪莎士比亚著作于大约公元1600年的《皆大欢喜》中所揭示，文中涉及到地球的年两大约在6000年左右。其后，相继有更明确的论点对这一观点进行佐证，其中之一，1654年，英国国教有曷休大教主声称，根据其对《圣经》中宗谱和天文周期的分析，地球是在公元前4004年10月23日创立，数年之后，另外一个更加权威、固定并同样精确的日期被计算出：大洪水时代是在公元前2349年11月18日。在那个年代，实际上几乎欧洲所有的主要知识分子都默默的赞成《圣经》上面的解释，因此地球年龄为6000年这一观点被传播了200年就不足为奇了。 3.In the seventeenth century, the Scriptural account of Creation was a point of departure for European science. Humans were considered early comers who lived for a time in paradise. As punishment for their sins, the Deluge was sent to throw the earth’s surface into chaos. Countless creatures suddenly were buried in sediments ,violent waves and currents scoured out valleys and piled up rocks to form mountains, and the earth was wracked by earthquakes and volcanic eruption. After the Flood, the mountains began to be worn down and valleys to be filled. //在17世纪，《圣经》的创作是出于对欧洲科学的记载：人类被认为是地球早期的到来者，他们之前居住在伊甸园，为了惩罚人类的罪恶，大洪水爆发，将地表陷入混乱之中，无数的生物被瞬间埋藏在土中，汹涌的洪水将地表冲刷成山谷，将石头堆积成山脉，同时，地球也遭受着地震和火山喷发的破坏。大洪水时代过后，山脉开始被磨蚀，山谷被填平。 4.When geology emerged as a vigorous intellectual pursuit around 1800, an alternative concept of earth change began to develop. It was now argued that the same common processes observed operating today were largely responsible for all past changes imprinted in the rock
翻译常用词汇
翻译常用词汇 高枕无忧resting without worries 史无前例unprecedented in the history 不可一世a conquering hero 毫不示弱equally firmly 量体裁衣to act according to actual circumstances 一刀两断to cut it clean 与虎谋皮to ask a tiger for its skin 六亲不认to disown all one’s relatives and fri ends 英雄本色the true quality of a hero 英雄所见略同Great minds think alike. 每逢佳节倍思亲On festive occasions more than ever we think of our dear ones faraway. 上有好，下必有其焉。What the superior loves, his inferiors will be found to love exceedingly.大江东去，浪淘尽，千古风流人物。The Great River flows to the east: Its waves have washed away all the men of untrammeled spirit of a thousand ages. 上兵伐谋，其次伐交。What is supremely important in war is to attack the enemy’s strategy. Next best is to disrupt his alliances. 问君能有几多愁，恰似一江春水向东流。I wonder how many sorrows you have. They are exactly like the Yangtze River unceasingly flowing eastward in spring. 千呼万唤始出来，犹抱琵琶半遮面。Only after a thousand entreaties does she appear. Her face half hidden behind the guitar (pipa) in her arms. 吃得苦中苦，方为人上人。Only if you can stand the hardest of hardships can you hope to rise in society. 是非经过不知难You never know how hard a task is almost until you have done it yourself. 满招损Pride goes before a fall. / Pride spells failure. 适可而止Bind the sack before it be full. 好汉做事好汉当A true man has the courage to accept the consequences of his own actions.知己知彼，百战不殆。To know one’s and the enemy’s situation ensures victory. 牵扯之覆，后车之鉴。The overturned car ahead is a warning to the ones behind. 山雨欲来风满楼The wind sweeping through the tower heralds a rising storm in the mountains. 是故学然后知不足，教然后之困。Therefore, to learn makes us realize our deficiency, and to teach makes us know the difficulties. 人尽其才、地尽其利、物尽其利、货畅其流。Our human, land and material resources should be used to the best advantage, and our goods should be in good circulation. 父母有抚养教育未成年子女的义务，成年子女有赡养扶助父母的义务。Parents have the duty to rear and education their children who are minors, and children who have come of age have the duty to support and assist their parents. 中华人民共和国公民有劳动的权利和义务。Citizens of the P eople’s Republic of China have the right as well as the duty of work. 各民族公民都有用本民族语言文字进行诉讼的权利。Citizens of all nationalities have the right to use the spoken and written languages of their own nationalities in court proceedings.
地质学滑坡中英文对照外文翻译文献
中英文对照外文翻译文献 (文档含英文原文和中文翻译) Theory of the treatment Abstract: the landslide is a kind of global natural disasters, huge harmfulness, often to people's life and property security caused great hidden trouble.Meizhou of guangdong province in China is located in the southern margin of the five ridges mountains, rocks are mainly quartz sandstone in the devonian strata in the area, Permian limestone has a wide distribution and the Jurassic and cretaceous red sandstone, geological environment fragile, landslide is prevalent.In this paper, through examples on landslide hazards and control measures were briefly reviewed in this paper, the and the development prospect of prevention and control and control technology is prospected.
2019英语四级翻译常用词汇：教育词汇
2019英语四级翻译常用词汇：教育词汇 成人夜校 night school for adults 在职进修班 on-job training courses 政治思想教育 political and ideological education 毕业生分酉己 graduate placement; assignment of graduate 充电update one’s knowledge 初等教育 elementary education 大学城 college town 大学社区 college community 高等教育 higher education 高等教育“211 工程” the “211 Project” for higher education 高等学府 institution of higher education 综合性大学 comprehensive university 文科院校 colleges of (liberal) arts 理工科大学 college / university of science and engineering 师范学院teachers’ college; normal college 高分低能 high scores and low abilities 高考(university/college) entrance examination 高校扩招 the college expansion plan
教育界 education circle 教育投入 input in education 九年义务教育 nine-year compulsory education 考研 take the entrance exams for postgraduate schools 课外活动 extracurricular activities 必修课 required/compulsory course 选修课 elective/optional course 基础课 basic courses 专业课 specialized courses 课程表 school schedule 教学大纲 teaching program; syllabus 学习年限 period of schooling 学历 record of formal schooling 学分 credit 启发式教学 heuristic teaching 人才交流 talent exchange 人才战 competition for talented people 商务英语证书 Business English Certificate (BEC) 适龄儿重入学率 enrollment rate for children of school age 升学率 proportion of students entering schools of a higher grade; enrollment rate