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新版新目标英语八年级上册知识点总结

新版新目标英语八年级上册知识点总结
新版新目标英语八年级上册知识点总结

Unit7 Will people have roborts

Section A

1.一般将来时

(1)概念: 一般将来时是表示将来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态。

I am going to / shall watch a football match on TV this evening. 今天晚上我将看一场足球比赛。

(2)结构

①肯定式:主语 + 助动词will/shall + 动词原形 + 其他(wil用于各种人称,shall用于第一人称)

=主语 + be going to + 动词原形 + 其他

will表示单纯将来概念,

be going to强调事先经过考虑安排而计划或打算要做某事(意图) Are you going to post that letter

由某种迹象判断某事有可能发生(预见) It’s going to rain.

②否定式:在will/shall/be 后面加 not. will not = won’t

③一般疑问句:将will/shall/be 提到主语前面。

be 某地有某物它有不同时态。

(1) 过去时态:There was/ were…. 表某地过去有某物

(2) 现在时态:There is/ are …. 表某地现在有某物

(3) 将来时态:There will be …= There is/are going to be…表某地将有某物

(4)句式

①一般疑问句形式:Will there be + 主语 + 其他。

②肯定回答:Yes, there will. 否定回答是:No, there won’t.

③否定形式:There won’t be + 主语 + 其他,将不会有……

④特殊疑问句: 疑问词/ 词组 + 一般疑问句

When will there be a nice match何时会有一场精彩的球赛

(6) there be句型中不能用have\has

(7) there be 表示某地存在某物强调的是客观存在着的东西。

have/has 表示某人有某物,强调所属关系。主观上拥有某物。

二者有时候可以互换

(8)There be 句型中的动词be 应该遵守就近原则。

every 但二者含义及语法功能不同

(1) each adj pron adv 在句中作定语,主语、宾语、同位语、状语等

Each student has his own dictionary.(adj,定语)

Each has his good point . (pron,主语)

Our headteacher had a talk with each of us . (pron,宾语)

The students each have a desk . (pron,同位语,不影响谓语动词的单复数)

The children can have a bag each . (adv,状语)

(2)each与every都可用作adj,在句中作定语每一个

each 指两个或两个以上的人或事物中的“每个”, 强调个人或个别

every是指许多人或事物的全体(三者或者三者以上),与all意思相近, 强调全体或全部, 不能单独使

I know each member of your family . 我认识你们家的每个成员。

I know every member of your family . 我认识你们家的每个成员。

(3)each 单独作主语或each、every修饰的单数名词作主语时,谓语动词为单数形式,但each of them

作主语时,谓语动词用单数或复数形式都可以。

Each / Each person / Every person is living a happy life now . 人人都过着幸福生活。

Each of them are / is wearing full dress . 他们个个都身着盛装。

(4)every可与not连用构成部分否定,并不/非人人

each不可以与not连用。

全部否定是no one,个个都不、没有人等

Each / Everyone / Every one of them doesn’t like the TV play . 并非人人都喜欢电视剧部

分否定

No one likes the TV play . 完全否定

(5)表示每隔……、每……,要用every+基数词+复数名词。every不能用each替代。

They’ll choose one out of every ten girls . We hand in our homework every three days .

4. after与in的用法区别

in +时间段与将来时连用以现在的时间为起点,多久之后

in +时间短语一般用how soon提问,要过多久以后,要到什么时候

after +时间段与过去时连用以过去或将来某个时间为起点,将过多久

after +时间点可与将来时连用 He will be back after two o'clock.

He will be back in two hours. He came back after two hours.

5.(1) fewer 更少的 few的比较级,修饰可数名词复数

(2) less 更少的 little的比较级,修饰不可数名词

(3) more 更多的 many much的比较级,修饰复数/不可数名词

6. pollution n. 污染,污染物(不可数名词) air pollution空气污染 noise pollution pollute v. (使)污染 pollute the sea

polluted adj. 被污染的 polluted water被污染的水

7. What will the future be like 未来将会是什么样子

What’s sb… like 某人怎么样(询问相貌性格品质)

be like 像(多方面像) ook like 看上去像(外表方面像)

8. in danger 处于危险之中 out of danger 脱离危险

9. 主语为人的有spend和pay;主语为物的有cost;主语常为“it”的有take.

(1) spend表“某人花费时间或金钱做某事/在某事上”,用于:

Sb spend some money/ time (in) doing sth. 或 Sb spend some money/ time on sth

(2) pay常表“某人花钱买某物”。用于:Sb. pay some money for sth.

(3) cost 常表“某物花费某人某些钱”,用于:Sth. cost sb. some money.

(4) take尤指“做某事花费某人某些时间”, 常用于:It takes sb some time to do sth

10.on the earth在地球上地点状语句首句尾

on earth 究竟,到底用于疑问代词或副词后,加强语气

Section B

1. human 人,人类,有别于动物,自然景物,机器等特殊群体;也可指具体的人。

He was the only human on the island. 他是岛上唯一的人类。

person 无性别之分,常用于数目不太大而且数目比较确定的场合 three persons

people 泛指人们,表示复数概念。 many people

man前不带冠词而且单独使用时,指男人,a man 可指一个人/ 一个男人,复数形式为men.

Man is stronger than woman.

2. help (sb) with sth. 在某方面帮助某人

3. There is/ are sb. doing sth. 某地有某人/某物正在做某事

There are already robots in factories. (work )有机器人正在工厂工作。

There are several factories waste water into the river. (pour)

4. do simple jobs over and over again 反复地做一些简单的工作

5. get bored 变厌倦( + ed描述人; +ing描述事物)

Fewer people will do such jobs in the future because they are _________, but robots will never get _________.

6. do the same things as we do 跟我们做相同的事情

7. be able to do sth. 能做某事经过努力而成功做成某事有人称和数的变化

can 没有人称和数的变化现在式和过去式表示请求允许推测能力

8. wake up 醒来 wake sb. up 叫醒某人代词必须放在中间

9.agree with sb. 同意某人 disagree with sb. 不同意某人

数词百 hundreds of 许多大量数百的数以百计的

(1)当这类数词前面有具体的数字时, 数词不能用复数形式:

three hundred students 三百学生, five thousand五千, a few hundred 几百。

(2)当数词前没有具体数字时, 数词用复数形式,后面接短语, 再加可数名词的复数形式

hundreds of students 数百名学生

thousand, million与其用法相同

11.talk 谈话,对话

(1)talk to...跟……谈话(对话)

(2) talk of...谈到;谈起 We often talk of you. 我们常常谈到你。

(3)talk about...谈论某人或某事 What are you talking about 你们在谈论什么

(4)talk with...同……交谈 He is talking with a friend. 他在和一个朋友谈话。

12. seem v 好像,似乎,看来看似, 连系动词

(1) seem + to do sth似乎/看起来/好像做某事 He seems to think so. 他似乎认为如此。

(2) It seems/seemed that 看来…… It seems that he is lying. 看来他在撒谎。

(3) seem + n./adj 好像是,似乎是

He seems an honest boy. 看上去他像是个诚实的孩子。 He seems a nice man.

(4) seem like 好像,似乎 It seemed like a good idea at the time.

(5) seem to be + 形容词/名词 = seem + 形容词/名词

She seems to be happy.= She seems happy=She was very happy.

13. during 介词在....期间

during 某事是在某一段时间之间发生

for 某事持续多久则

in 某事具体发生的时间

14. probably ad. maybe 相当于 perhaps. 也许,大概,可能作状语.

probably 句中,可能性最大 He will probably come tomorrow.

maybe/perhaps 句首 Maybe/Perhaps you are right.

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