高一英语语法填空专题训练答案及解析

高一英语语法填空专题训练答案及解析

一、语法填空

1．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

With the development of modem technology, people can stay ________ (connect) with their families and friends easily, however far apart they are from each other. WeChat is one of the most ________ (frequent) used means of communication in China. It is reported that the number of the WeChat users ________ (reach) over 1.1billion so far.

Once joining the WeChat, people can find more and more people start to add them ________ friends. They don't have to consider time ________ (zone) when communicating. Another reason why ifs so popular is that it costs nothing. It's also very convenient for people to immediately update ________ they are doing by WeChat.

However, addiction to WeChat will rob people of the time that should otherwise ________ (spend) on something more important. And the many so-called friends on it are not really friends at all, who simply want ________ (put) ads or sell items on Moments. Besides, people on the Wechat are more likely to compare ________ (they) with others, which will make them feel bad when finding some people seem to be ________ (success).

【答案】connected；frequently；has reached；as；zones；what；be spent；to put；themselves；(more) successful

【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章介绍了微信给人们带来方便的同时，也存在着一些弊端。

（1）句意：随着现代技术的发展，人们可以很容易地与家人和朋友保持联系，不管他们相距多远。系动词stay后，用形容词connected“有联系的”，stay connected with“与……保持联系”。故填connected。

（2）句意：微信是中国最常用的交流方式之一。修饰形容词used，用副词。故填frequently。

（3）句意：据报道，到目前为止，微信的用户数量已经超过11亿。so far做时间状语时，应使用现在完成时，the number of做主语时，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填has reached。

（4）句意：一旦加入微信，人们可以发现越来越多的人开始添加他们作为朋友。根据句意，此处使用介词as表示“作为”。故填as。

（5）句意：他们在交流时不需要考虑时区。“时区”是复数意义，前面没有冠词，应用名词复数形式。故填zones。

（6）句意：人们可以很方便地通过微信立即更新他们正在做的事情。____6____ they are doing by WeChat是一个宾语从句，引导词在从句中做doing宾语，表“正在做的事情”，应使用what引导。故填what。

（7）句意：然而，沉迷于微信将会剥夺人们原本应该花在更重要事情上的时间。“时间”和“花费”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，由空前should可知，此处be动词使用原形。故填be spent。

（8）句意：而许多所谓的朋友根本不是真正的朋友，他们只是想在朋友圈里放广告或卖

东西。固定短语：want to do sth. “想要做某事”。故填to put。

（9）句意：此外，在微信上的人更有可能自己与他人比较，这将使他们当发现一些人似乎更成功，感觉难过。文中表示“人们自己与他人比较”，用反身代词。故填themselves。（10）句意：此外，在微信上的人更有可能自己与他人比较，这将使他们当发现一些人似乎更成功，感觉难过。be后，用形容词作表语，根据语境此处可以使用形容词原级或比较级。故填more successful。

【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的应用能力。对于给出提示词的空，要注意提示词在句子中充当的成分，若充当谓语，注意动词的时态和语态；若充当非谓语，注意给出单词与被修饰词的主被动关系；若给出形容词，名词，代词等，注意根据句子结构进行变形。若没给出提示词，注意分析句子成分，填出合适的词。

2．阅读下列材料,在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Scientists found that air pollution may be responsible ________ a significant reduction in intelligence. The research ________ (conduct) for the World Health Organization (WHO) in China showed that air pollution was responsible for big: falls in test ________ (score) for languages and arithmetic. The study is called "The impact of exposure to air pollution on cognitive (认知的）performance ". It ________ (publish) in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences journal. The study took place over four years. Researchers analyzed speaking and arithmetic tests taken by 20 000 people of all ages. They said, Polluted air may prevent cognitive ability as people become older."

The study is a warning to the rest of the world, especially to ________ in cities. Over 91 percent of the world population live in areas with ________ (poison) air and air pollution is the fourth ________ (high) cause of global deaths. Researchers discovered that ________ longer people were exposed to polluted air, the greater their intelligence went down. They said air pollution caused a year's worth of lost education. For those ________ were over 60 years old, this could be several years. A researcher warned, "There is no shortcut ________ (solve) this issue. Governments really need to take effective measures to reduce air pollution."

【答案】 for；conducted；scores；was published；those；poisonous；highest；the；who；to solve

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，科学研究表明空气污染可能会导致人的智力下降，并且随着年龄的增长，其可能会阻碍认知能力。研究者们呼吁政府采取有效措施减少空气污染。

（1）考查介词。句意：科学家们发现，空气污染可能是智力大幅下降的原因。be responsible for固定短语，“对……负责，是……的原因”。故填for。

（2）考查非谓语动词。句意：世界卫生组织(WHO)在中国进行的研究表明，空气污染是语言和算术考试分数大幅下降的原因。分析句子结构可知，showed是本句的谓语，此处应用非谓语动词作定语，修饰名词The research，主语The research和动词conduct之间是被动关系，所以此处应用conduct的过去分词形式表被动。故填conducted。

（3）考查名词。句意：世界卫生组织(WHO)在中国进行的研究表明，空气污染是语言和算术考试分数大幅下降的原因。score“分数，成绩”，是可数名词，此处表示语言和算术的测

试分数，应用复数形式。故填scores。

（4）考查时态语态。句意：这项研究发表在《美国国家科学院院刊》上。句子的主语It 指代前一句中的The study，The study和publish之间是被动关系，且publish这一动作发生在过去，所以应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was published。

（5）考查代词。句意：这项研究是对世界其它地区，尤其是对城市居民的一个警告。此处应用those指代那些在城市居住的人。故填those。

（6）考查形容词。句意：超过91%的世界人口生活在有毒的空气的地区，空气污染是导致全球死亡的第四大原因。根据空格后的名词air可知，此处应用形容词修饰名词air，表示“有毒的空气”。故填poisonous。

（7）考查形容词。句意：超过91%的世界人口生活在有毒的空气的地区，空气污染是导致全球死亡的第四大原因。根据空格前的the和序数闻fourth可知，此处表示空气污染是全球第四大死因，应用high的最髙级。故填highest。

（8）考查冠词。句意：研究人员发现，人们接触污染空气的时间越长，他们的智力下降得越厉害。固定结构the+比较级... the+比较级...“越……就越……”，因此，比较级longer前应加定冠词the。故填the。

（9）考查定语从句。句意：对于那些超过60岁的人来说，这可能需要几年的时间。空格前的those是代词，意为“那些人”，空格处引导定语从句，在从句做主语，修饰先行词those指人，引导词应用who。

先行词为those时，关系代词不能用that。故填who。

（10）考查非谓语动词。句意：在这个问题上没有捷径可走。There is no shortcut to do sth.固定句式，“没有干某事的捷径”，此处用动词不定式。故填to solve。

【点评】本题考点涉及介词，非谓语动词，名词，时态语态，代词，形容词，冠词，定语从句等多个知识点的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

3．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

As Alison Gopnik described in her recent book, there are two kinds of parents in modern America: The Carpenter and the Gardener. The "carpenter" thinks that his or her child can________(shape). "The idea is that if you just do the right things, get the right skills and read the right books, you're going to be able to turn your child ________a particular kind of adult，" she said

The "gardener", however is seldom concerned about ________ (control) what the child will become and instead provides a protected space ________explore). The style is all about:" creating a rich, nutritious but also variable, diverse, active ecosystem".

Gopnik, a psychology and philosophy professor at the University of California, Berkeley, said." Many parents are carpenters, and ________is really necessary for them to bring up their children." She spent decades researching children's development and finally ________(find) that parents often focused too much on what their children would be as adults. The harm is that

parents and their children may become________ (anxiety), tense or unhappy.

"We're so concerned about our children ________ we think have difficulty mastering their own future that we're unwilling to allow them to ________ (free) explore the world." she says. The truth is that the ________ (little) that parents worry about outcomes, the better their children may live in life.

【答案】be shaped；into；controlling；to explore；it；found；anxious；who/that；freely；less

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了现代美国存在的木匠型父母和园丁型父母的特点。

（1）考查语态。句意:“木匠型”父母认为他或她的孩子可以被塑造。可知，此处主语与动词之间为被动关系，又因为空前有情态动词can.。故填be shaped。

（2）考查介词。句意: “木匠型”父母认为他或她的孩子可以被塑造。turn .. into...固定短语，“将......变成......”，故填into。

（3）考查非谓语动词。句意: 然而，“园丁型”父母很少关心孩子会变成什么样，而是提供一个受保护的探索空间。此处用所给词的动名词作介词about的宾语。故填controlling。（4）考查非谓语动词。句意: 然而，“园丁型”父母很少关心孩子会变成什么样，而是提供一个受保护的探索空间。此处用所给词的动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词space。故填to explore。

（5）考查代词。句意: 很多父母都是“木匠型”父母，对他们来说，把孩子抚养成人是非常必要的。此处为It's十形容词十for sb十to do sth”的结枸，意为“对某人来说，做某事是……”,在该句中是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式。故填it。

（6）考查时态。句意: 她花了几十年的时间研究孩子的发展，最后发现父母往往过于关注孩子成年后的状况。根据并列连词and及前句中的谓语动词spent可知，此处用所给动词的一般过去式。故填found。

（7）考查形容词。句意: 危害在于父母和他们的孩子可能会感到焦虑，紧张或不快乐。此处用所给词的形容词作become的表语。故填anxious。

（8）考查定语从句。句意: 我们非常关心我们的孩子，我们认为他们很难掌握自己的未来，我们不愿意让他们自由探索世界。分析句子结构可知，该空引导的是一个限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语(we think是插入语)且先行词是our children，故此处用关系代词who/that引导该定语从句。故填who/that。

（9）考查副词。句意: 我们非常关心我们的孩子，我们认为他们很难掌握自己的未来，我们不愿意让他们自由探索世界。此处用所给词的副词修饰动词explore。故填freely。（10）考查形容词。句意: 事实是，父母越不担心结果，他们的孩子可能生活得越好。根据句意“事实是，父母对结果的担心越少，他们的孩子的生活就越好”可知，此处用所给形容词的比较级,且枸成“the十比较级,the十比较级”的结枸。故填less。

【点评】本题考点涉及语态，介词，非谓语动词，代词，时态，形容词，定语从句，副词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇社会类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

4．语法填空

Many of the earth's plants and animals have already________(die) out, and a hundred species become ________(endanger) every day. If nothing is done, we may find ourselves________ (lonely) on the earth.

Wild animals live in the________ (forest) which are being destroyed by people. As________ result, the animals are ________(lose) their habitats. Without the trees, the animals are short of food. And many animals are dying out because of pollution.

I suggest that measures should be taken ________(protect) wildlife. The government should keep people ________destroying forests and shut down the factories ________ pollute rivers and air, I think more wildlife reserves should also be ________(build).

【答案】Died；endangered；alone；forests；a；losing；to protect；from；which/that；built

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，地球上的很多动、植物已经灭绝，一百个物种每天都变得濒临绝境，我们应该采取措施保护野生动植物。

（1）考查时态。句意：地球上的很多动、植物已经灭绝。根据句意可知句子用现在完成时态，故填died。

（2）考查非谓语动词。句意：一百个物种每天都变得濒临绝境。endangered为形容词化的分词形式，意为“濒临灭绝的”，故填endangered。

（3）考查形容词。句意：如果没有采取措施，我们可能发现我们自己在地球上独自存在。alone “独自的，单独的”，答案为alone。

（4）考查名词。句意：野生动物生活在被人正在毁掉的森林里。根据句意可知名词用复数形式，故答案为forests。

（5）考查冠词。as a result固定短语，“结果”，故填a。

（6）考查时态。句意：动物正在失去它们的栖息地。句子用现在进行时态，故填losing。（7）考查非谓语动词。此处是动词不定式做目的状语，故填to protect。

（8）考查介词。keep sb. from doing sth.固定短语，“阻止某人做某事”，故填from。

（9）考查定语从句。句意：关闭污染河流和空气的工厂。此处factories是先行词，指物，在后面的定语从句中做主语，故填which/that。

（10）考查语态。句意：我认为还应该建立更多的野生动物保护区。根据句意可知句子用含情态动词的被动语态，故填built。

【点评】本题考点涉及时态，非谓语动词，形容词，名词，冠词，时态，介词，定语从句以及语态等多个知识点的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

5．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或摘号内单词的正确形式。

Students at a primary school in Hangzhou had their first class________March 1st on movable type. This is________ ancient Chinese printing system.

The West Lake Primary School in Zhejiang Province introduced the course at the beginning of this new term. So far, the school________(invite) an expert in Chinese characters culture to the

campus,________major responsibility is to teach students how to use the ancient printing technology. Students attend lectures on the history of movable type along with ________(interest) classes on typesetting and printing. They then print their own document, ________(apply) the knowledge they've learned. One student printed her________(new) written essay "Whether the traditional red envelopes kids receive belong to them or their parents?"________(know) as one of the four great inventions of ancient China, movable type printing ________(invent) by Bi Sheng in the 1040s during the Song Dynasty, and it is the world's first system of movable type printing.

The school said the course is aimed at improving the students' awareness of Chinese characters and their ________(appreciate) of Chinese culture.

【答案】on；an；has invited；whose；interesting；applying；newly；Known；was invented；appreciation

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，3月1日,杭州一所小学的学生上了他们的第一节活字课的情况。该校表示,这门课程旨在提高学生的汉字意识和对中国文化的欣赏。

（1）考查介词。句意：3月1日,杭州一所小学的学生上了他们的第一节活字课。根据下文March 1st可知在具体的某一天应用介词on，故填on。

（2）考查冠词。句意：这是一个古老的中国印刷系统。system为可数名词,此处表示泛指,且ancient为元音音素开头,故填不定冠词an，填an。

（3）考查时态。句意：到目前为止,学校已经邀请了一位汉字文化专家,他的主要职责是教学生如何使用古代的印刷技术。根据上文So far可知应用现在完成时,且主语为单数名词,故填has invited。

（4）考查定语从句。句意：到目前为止,学校已经邀请了一位汉字文化专家,他的主要职责是教学生如何使用古代的印刷技术。本句为定语从句修饰先行词an expert,且先行词在从句中做定语,故填关系代词whose。

（5）考查形容词。句意：学生们参加有关活字历史的讲座,以及有关排字和印刷的有趣课程。classes为名词,指物需要-ing结尾形容词修饰,故填interesting。

（6）考查非谓语动词。句意：然后他们将所学的知识打印成自己的文档。apply做非谓语动词与逻辑主语they构成主动关系,故用现在分词，填applying。

（7）考查副词。句意：一名学生打印了她新写的论文《孩子们收到的传统红包是自己的还是父母的?》。修饰形容词written应用副词,故填newly。

（8）考查非谓语动词。句意: 活字印刷术被称为中国古代四大发明之一,活字印刷术是毕升在10世纪40年代宋朝时发明的,是世界上最早的活字印刷系统。本句中know做非谓语动词与逻辑主语movable type printing构成被动,故用过去分词，填Known。

（9）考查时态语态。句意: 活字印刷术被称为中国古代四大发明之一,活字印刷术是毕升在10世纪40年代宋朝时发明的,是世界上最早的活字印刷系统。本句主语与谓语动词构成被动关系,且根据下文in the 1040s during the Song Dynasty可知应用一般过去时,故填was invented。

（10）考查名词。句意：该校表示,这门课程旨在提高学生的汉字意识和对中国文化的欣赏。根据上文their为形容词性物主代词修饰名词,故填appreciation。

【点评】本题考点涉及介词，冠词，时态，定语从句，形容词，非谓语动词，副词，语态

以及名词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇新闻报道，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

6．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

When it comes to climate change, language does count. In March, the Guardian changed________(it) wording –using "global heating" instead of "global warming" , after scientists found that Earth's temperature is set ________(rise) from between 2.5C and 4.5C. And on May 1, the UK parliament declared a "climate emergency", ________(become)the first parliament to do so.

If with "global warming", we're still inside our comfort zone of handling the situation, entering the state of "global heating" is like heading to a point ________ the delicate balance of nature is disturbed so much that there is no turning back. Everything will be changing: Coral will die, polar bears will lose their habitats completely, and extreme________ (weather) like droughts and heavy storms will happen at a higher________ (frequent). There is no denying that we're entering a climate emergency.

Decades ago when the science on the climate issue was first increasing, the impacts could be seen as an issue for future generations," but now it's ________(definite) our issue, ________shift we all are living together.

However, getting these messages ________ is far from enough. It depends on each to find a solution –if there are any solutions left to find. The UK's Labor leader Jeremy urged that "we ________(take) rapid and dramatic action now".

Indeed, language matters. But action matters even more.

【答案】its；to rise；becoming；where；weathers/weather；frequency；definitely；the；through/across；(should)take

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，谈到气候变化，语言的确很重要。今年3月，在科学家发现地球温度将从2.5度上升到4.5度之后，《卫报》改变了它的措辞——使用"全球变热"而不是"全球变暖"。

（1）考查代词。句意：今年3月，在科学家发现地球温度将从2.5度上升到4.5度之后，《卫报》改变了它的措辞——使用"全球变热"而不是"全球变暖"。文中表示"它的措辞"，所以填its。

（2）考查非谓语动词。句意：今年3月，在科学家发现地球温度将从2.5度上升到4.5度之后，《卫报》改变了它的措辞——使用"全球变热"而不是"全球变暖"。set to do固定短语，“开始做”，故填to rise。

（3）考查非谓语动词。句意：5月1日，英国议会宣布进入"气候紧急状态"，成为第一个这样做的议会。become的逻辑主语是the UK parliament，它们之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语，所以填becoming。

（4）考查定语从句。句意：如果在"全球变暖"的情况下，我们仍然在自己的舒适区处理这种情况，进入"全球变热"的状态，就像走向一个点，大自然的微妙平衡被扰乱得如此之多，没有回头路。 4 the delicate balance of nature is disturbed so much that there is no

turning back.是一个定语从句，先行词是a point，关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以填关系副词where。

（5）考查名词。句意：珊瑚将会死亡，北极熊将完全失去它们的栖息地，干旱和暴风雨等极端天气将会以更高的频率发生。该空作句子主语用名词，单数或复数均可，所以填weathers/weather。

（6）考查名词。句意：珊瑚将会死亡，北极熊将完全失去它们的栖息地，干旱和暴风雨等极端天气将会以更高的频率发生。介词之后，用名词，所以填frequency。

（7）考查副词。句意：几十年前，当气候问题的科学研究刚刚起步时，其影响可能会被视为未来几代人的问题，但现在这绝对是我们的问题，我们都生活在一起的转变。修饰整个句子，用副词，所以填definitely。

（8）考查冠词。句意：几十年前，当气候问题的科学研究刚刚起步时，其影响可能会被视为未来几代人的问题，但现在这绝对是我们的问题，我们都生活在一起的转变。特指"这个转变"，用定冠词，所以填the。

（9）考查介词。句意：然而，仅仅理解这些信息是远远不够的。get through /across固定短语，“理解”，故填through/across。

（10）考查虚拟语气。that we 10 ( take) rapid and dramatic action now.是一个宾语从句，urge之后的宾语从句，宾语从句中用should + 动词原形，should可以被省略的虚拟语气，所以填(should)take。

【点评】本题考点涉及代词，非谓语动词，定语从句，名词，副词，冠词，介词以及虚拟语气等多个知识点的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

7．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

My hometown is Hangzhou, which attracts a great many tourists every year. Hangzhou played a very ________ (importance) role in Chinese history, so it has a number of great heritage sites well reserved.

Lying on the west district of Hangzhou city, West Lake ________ (be) the symbol of Hangzhou as well as one of the most beautiful ________ (sight) in China. West Lake has all along been praised as a sparkling pearl.

If you want to enjoy ________ whole West Lake, there are three kinds of sight you need to see. The sunny one, the rainy one and the night view of it.

There is a saying that the sunny West Lake is not equal ________ the rainy West Lake, and the rainy West Lake is less beautiful than the West Lake at night.

At last there is a love tale ________ happened at West Lake. It is said that a white snake changed into a beautiful lady, who ________ (call) Bai Suzhen. She was willing to repay Xu Xian for ________ (save) her life 500 years ago. Then she married him, living together ________ (happy). But the Monk Fa Hai kept doing wrongs to her. He finally made them part. Bai Suzhen was shut in the Leifeng tower and the couple had no chance ________ (meet) again.

【答案】 important；is；sights；the；to；which；was called；saving；happily；to meet

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了作者的家乡杭州以及关于西湖的一个传说。（1）考查形容词。句意：杭州在中国历史上扮演了一个非常重要的角色，所以它有很多很好的遗产保护。此处修饰名词role应用形容词，故填important。

（2）考查主谓一致。句意：西湖位于杭州市西城区，是杭州的象征，也是中国最美的风景之一。此处句子主语是专有名词West Lake，谓语用单数，且描述客观事实用一般现在时，故填is。

（3）考查名词。句意：西湖位于杭州市西城区，是杭州的象征，也是中国最美的风景之一。根据上文的one of the可知后跟复数名词表示“……其中之一”，故填sights。

（4）考查冠词。句意：如果你想欣赏整个西湖，你需要看三种景观。此处the是定冠词，表示特指，修饰whole West Lake。故填the。

（5）考查介词。句意: 有句话说，阳光充足的西湖并不等于多雨的西湖，多雨的西湖也不如夜晚的西湖美丽。be equal to固定短语，“与……相等”。故填to。

（6）考查定语从句。句意：最后有一个爱情故事，发生在西湖。此处which是关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词tale，在从句中做主语，故填which。

（7）考查时态语态。句意：据说，白蛇变成了一位美丽的女士，她叫白素贞。此处句子主语是who，指的是lady，与call是被动关系，故用被动语态，且事情发生在过去应用一般现在时，主语为a beautiful lady，故填was called。

（8）考查非谓语动词。句意：她愿意报答五百年前许仙救了她的命。此处作介词for的宾语应用动名词。故填saving。

（9）考查副词。句意：然后她嫁给了他，幸福地生活在一起。此处修饰动词living 应用副词，故填happily。

（10）考查非谓语动词。句意：白素贞被关在了雷峰塔，这对夫妇再也没有机会见面了。have chance to do sth.固定短语，“有机会做某事”。故填to meet。

【点评】本题考点涉及形容词，主谓一致，名词，冠词，介词，定语从句，时态语态，非谓语动词以及副词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

8．语法填空

In China, the history of people planting and using bamboo can date back as far as 7000 years. As early as the Shang Dynasty, bamboo was being used in ancient peopled dally lives. It was used for food, clothing, housing, transportation, ________ (music) instruments and even weapons.

The ________ (apply) of bamboo in science and technology is thrilling. In 251 BC, Li Bing, in Sichuan,________ (lead) the local people in building the Dujiang Weirs, the first irrigation network in the world, in which bamboo played ________ important role. The world's oldest water piper was also ________ (make) of bamboo. During the Han Dynasty, the people in Sichuan ________ (success) sank a 1600-metre-deep well with thick bamboo ropes. This technology did not spread to Europe ________ the 19th century, and it was by using the technology ________ the Americans drilled the first oil well in Pennsylvania in 1859.

In Chinese culture, bamboo is well-known as ________ of the "four gentlemen" in plants. To

many distinguished men, bamboo is a symbol of goodness and honesty. It is always closely related to people of positive spirits. Bamboo culture contributes to encouraging People to hold on when ________ (face) tough situations.

【答案】 musical；application；led；an；made；successfully；until；that；one；facing 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了竹子在人类历史上所起的重要作用。

（1）考查形容词。空后是名词instruments，应该使用形容词作定语修饰该名词，故填musical。

（2）考查名词。前有定冠词the修饰，且该短语在句中作主语，所以使用名词，填application。

（3）考查时态。本句介绍历史上李冰在四川带领当地人修建都江堰的故事，所以使用一般过去时，句中的谓语动词应该使用过去式，填led。

（4）考查冠词。play a role in....固定短语，“在……中起作用”。形容词important作为动词修饰role，因为该词以元音音素开头，所以使用an，故填an。

（5）考查非谓语动词。be made of固定短语，“由……制成”。世界上最古老的水管也是由竹子制成的，故填made。

（6）考查副词。在英语中副词通常作状语修饰形容词、副词、动词或整个句子。本句中副词successfully修饰谓语动词，在句中作状语，故填successfully。

（7）考查连词。not...until...固定短语，“直到……才……”，该连词短语在句中引导时间状语从句。竹子直到19世纪才传到欧洲。故填until。

（8）考查强调句型。强调句型的基本结构是：It is/was+被强调成分+that/who+其他成分；本句中强调句型强调的是方式状语by using the technology，故填that。

（9）考查数词。句意：在中国文化中，竹子作为四君子之一而出名。one of + 名词复数表示“……之一”。故填one。

（10）考查非谓语动词。句意：竹子文化有助于鼓励人们在面对困难处境时坚持下去。本句连词when的后面省略了people are，故用现在分词，填facing。

【点评】本题考点涉及形容词，名词，时态，冠词，非谓语动词，副词，连词，强调句型以及数词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

9．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Ever wondered how many calories are in the human body? Or ever wondered why old people have ________ (big) ears than they used to? The winners of Ig Nobel Prizes (搞笑诺贝尔奖) have got the answers.

He Ig Nobel Prizes, founded in 1991, are to honor achievements ________ first make people laugh, and then make them think, The ceremony ________ (take) place at Harvard University every year. Winners' acceptance ________(speech) are limited to 60 seconds, ________ (strict) policed by an eight-year-old girl.

The honored research might seem ridiculous ________ first sight, but that doesn't mean it lacks scientific value. For example, the research in 2006 on why dry spaghetti tends to break into

more than two pieces was important ________ (discover) failure in bridge spans (跨度) or human bones And a follow-up paper ________ (publish) by MIT physicists several years later. But people are more likely to read about ________ (break) spaghetti than to read an academic paper. Even when there is no immediate usefulness, ________ is still good to encourage people to observe and think.

【答案】bigger；that/ which；takes；speeches；strictly；at；to discover；was published；breaking；it

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，搞笑诺贝尔奖听起来似乎很搞笑,但是这并不意味着它缺乏科学价值。

（1）考查形容词。句意：或者想知道为什么老年人的耳朵比以前大? 根据句意和than可知这里要用形容词的比较级,故填bigger。

（2）考查定语从句。分析可知空格处引导限定性定语从句,先行词为achievements,指物。空格处在句中做主语所以要用that或者which引导这个定语从句,故填that/which。

（3）考查主谓一致和时态。分析可知take在句中做谓语。这里介绍的是一般事实,要用一般现在时。主语the ceremony为单数,谓语动词也要用单数,故填takes。

（4）考查名词。speech为可数名词,根据后面的are判断这里要用其复数形式,故填speeches。

（5）考查副词。空格处修饰动词police要用副词,故填strictly。

（6）考查介词。句意：乍一看,这项久享盛名的研究似乎很荒谬,但这并不意味着它缺乏科学价值。at first sight固定短语，"乍一看；一看到.......就",故填at。

（7）考查非谓语动词。这里使用了sth/sb+be+adj+to do的结构,故填to discover。

（8）考查语态时态。本句的事情已经发生,事情发生在过去要用一般过去时。谓语动词publish和主语a follow-up paper是被动关系,要用被动语态。a follow-up paper是单数,谓语动词也要用单数。故填was published。

（9）考查非谓语动词。about为介词,后面的动词要用动名词形式,故填breaking。

（10）考查代词。句意：即使没有立竿见影的效果,鼓励人们去观察和思考也是好的。根据句意,分析可知在主句中,to encourage people to observe and think是真正的主语,要用it做形式主语,故填it。

【点评】本题考点涉及形容词，定语从句，主谓一致，名词，副词，非谓语动词，时态语态以及代词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

10．阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。

Ne Zha, China's animated blockbuster hit of the summer, is ready ________ (hit) North American theaters later this month.

Well Go USA Entertainment, ________ distribution company specializing in bringing top Asian film titles to US cinemas, will release the film in select 3D IMAX theaters across North America on Aug 29, ________ (follow) by a nationwide expansion on Sept 6.

Written and directed by first-time feature filmmaker Yang Yu, also known ________ Jiaozi, the film ________ (tell) of Ne Zha, a boy born as a social outcast (弃儿)because of a divine prophecy(神的预言) ________he would destroy the world. He tries to change his predetermined fate and people's views of him by choosing good over evil and ________ (become) their true hero.

Built on a successful________ (adapt) of Chinese folk tale and excellent word-of-mouth, the film - the first Chinese animated film is proving to have long legs at the box office.________ a total box office of 4.1 billion yuan ($582 million) and counting, Ne Zha is the best-received animated feature ever in China, and the fourth________ (large) theatrical release in the country's box office history.

【答案】 to hit；a；followed；as；tells；that；becoming；adaptation；With；largest

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，在中国大热的动画电影《哪吒》本月即将在北美上映。

（1）考查非谓语动词。be ready to do固定短语，"准备好做某事",故空格处要用不定式，填to hit。

（2）考查冠词。空格处修饰可数名词company, company在句中是单数形式,所以这里要用一个冠词修饰。根据语境,这里是泛指"一家分销公司",要用不定冠词,company为辅音开头,故填a。

（3）考查非谓语动词。句意:美国电影发行公司Well Go USA Entertainment将于8月29日在北美部分3D IMAX影院上映该片,9月6日将在全国范围内进行扩张。分析可知本句的谓语动词为release, follow在句中为非谓语动词。根据句意, follow和逻辑主语"将于8月29日在北美部分3D IMAX影院上映该片"这件事之间是被动关系,要用其过去分词形式,故填followed。

（4）考查介词。be known as固定短语，"作为.....出名",故填as。

（5）考查主谓一致和时态。tell在句中做谓语,主语Yang Yu是单数,谓语动词也要用单数。全文为一般现在时。故填tells。

（6）考查同位语从句。空格处后的he would destroy the world是一个完整的句子,要用一个连词连接这个句子。分析可知空格处引导的是同位语从句,从句中不缺任何成分,应该用that引导,故填that。

（7）考查非谓语动词。所给词become为动词,分析可知空格处做介词by的宾语,应该用所给词的动名词形式,故填becoming。

（8）考查名词。空格处由不定冠词a修饰,应该填一个名词。故填adaptation。

（9）考查介词。句意:《哪吒》的总票房为41亿元(约合5.82亿美元),而且还在继续增加,是中国有史以来最受欢迎的动画片,也是中国票房历史上排行第四的院线电影。根据句意,这里要表示的是《哪吒》这部电影有41亿元的票房,介词with意为"有,拥有…."符合句意,故填With。

（10）考查形容词。句意:《哪吒》的总票房为41亿元(约合5.82亿美元),而且还在继续增加,是中国有史以来最受欢迎的动画片,也是中国票房历史上排行第四的院线电影。根据句意,《哪吒》这部电影是中国票房历史上第四大的,这里要使用"the+序数词+形容词的最高级+of"的结构,表示"第几最….",故填largest。

【点评】本题考点涉及非谓语动词，介词，主谓一致，时态，同位语从句，名词以及形容词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇新闻报道，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

11．After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

We want our children to succeed in school and, perhaps even more importantly, in life. But the paradox(悖论) is that our children can only truly succeed ________ they first learn how to fail. Consider the finding that world-class figure skaters fall over more often in practice than low-level figure skaters. Why are the really good skaters falling over the most?

The reason is actually quite simple. Top skaters are constantly challenging themselves in practice. ________ (stretch) their limitations, they keep trying their best. They fall over so often, but it is precisely why they learn so fast. Lower-level skaters have a quite different approach. They are always attempting jumps they can already do very easily, ________ (remain) within their comfort zone. This is why they don't fall over. In a superficial sense, they look successful, because they are always on their feet. Never ________ (fail) in practice prevents them from making progress.

________ is true of skating is also true of life. James Dyson worked through 5,126 prototypes (原型) for his newest vacuum before coming up with the design ________ made his fortune. These failures were essential to the pathway of learning. As Dyson put ________: "You can't develop new technology unless you test new ideas and learn when things go wrong. Failure is essential to invention."

In healthcare, however, things are very different. Clinicians don't like to admit to failure, partly because they have strongegos (自我) —particularly the senior doctors—and partly because they fear litigation (诉讼). The consequence is that ________ learning from failure, healthcare often covers up failure. The direct consequence is that the same mistakes ________ (repeat). According to the Journal of Patient Safety, 400,000 people die every year in American hospitals alone due to preventable error. ________ healthcare learns to respond positively to failure, things will not improve.

【答案】 if / when；To stretch；remaining；failing；What；which / that；it；instead of；are repeated；Until / Unless

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，只有先学会如何失败，才能真正成功，作者用这个道理告诉美国的医疗保健部门只有学会积极面对失败，医疗事故的情况才会好转。（1）考查状语从句。句意：但矛盾的是，我们的孩子只有先学会如何失败，才能真正成功。根据句意可知此处既可以用if引导条件状语从句，表示"如果……"，也可用when引导时间状语从句，表示"当……的时候"，故填if / when。

（2）考查非谓语动词。句意：为了突破自己的局限，他们一直在努力。根据句意可知此处表示目的，应该用不定式做目的状语，故填To stretch。

（3）考查非谓语动词。句意：他们总是尝试他们已经做得很容易的动作，保持在他们的

舒适区内。They与remain之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，用现在分词做状语，故填remaining。

（4）考查非谓语动词。句意：在实践中从不失败会阻碍他们进步。分析句子结构可知，此处用动名词做主语，故填failing。

（5）考查主语从句。句意：生活中的情况和滑冰的情况是一样的。此处为主语从句，从句中缺少主语，故填What。

（6）考查定语从句。句意：詹姆斯·戴森为最新款的吸尘器设计了5126个原型，然后才想出了这个让他大赚一笔的设计。此处为定语从句，先行词为design，指物，关系词在从句中做主语，故填which / that。

（7）考查代词。句意：正如戴森所说的：除非你测试新想法，并在事情出错时学习，否则你不会开发出新技术，失败是发明的基础。as someone puts it固定句式。"正如某人所说"表示。put it"表达......"故填it。

（8）考查介词短语。句意：结果是，医疗保健往往掩盖失败，而不是从失败中吸取教训。根据句意可知此处表示"而不是"，故填instead of。

（9）考查时态语态。句意：其直接后果是一再地犯同样的错误。陈述的是客观事实，mistakes 与repeat之间是被动关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，故填are repeated。（10）考查连词。句意：除非医疗保健学会积极面对失败，否则情况不会好转（直到医疗保健学会积极面对失败，情况才会好转）。根据句意可知此处表示"除非"或"直到"，故填Until / Unless。

【点评】本题考点涉及状语从句，非谓语动词，主语从句，定语从句，代词，介词短语，时态语态以及连词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

12．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Cuju was developed in China around 500 B. C. and was played with a leather ball. It is considered by FIFA as the ________ (early ) form of football. During the Han Dynasty, the popularity of Cuju ________ (spread) from the army to the royal courts and upper classes. It ________ (say) that Emperor Wu of nan enjoyed the sport. Cuju ________ (match) were often held inside the imperial palace.

Cuju was further developed ________. the Tang Dynasty. There were dozens of well-organized Cuju leagues in Chang'an. ________ was then the capital of the Empire. The rules, fields and facilities for Cuju became more advanced, for example, balls filled with air and Cuju goals appeared during this period. ________ was also during this age that similar games were being

played in Korea and Japan, and ________ (gradual) worldwide.

Cuju was most developed during the Song Dynasty because of the social and economic development. At that time, ________ (profession) Cuju players were quite popular. They fell into two groups: One was trained by and performed for the royal court and the other talented civilians who made a ________ (live) as Cuju players.

【答案】earliest；spread；is/was said；matches；in/during；which；It；gradually；professional；living

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了足球的历史。蹴鞠大约是在公元前500年在中国发展起来的，当时用的是皮球。它被国际足联认为是最早的足球形式。汉代，蹴鞠的普及从军队传到宫廷和上层社会。据说南武帝很喜欢这项运动。蹴鞠比赛常在皇宫内举行。唐代得到进一步发展，并逐渐在世界范围内流行。宋代的蹴鞠运动最为发达。

（1）考查形容词。句意：公元前500年左右，中国发明了蹴鞠，当时用的是皮球。它被国际足联认为是最早的足球形式。根据语境可知，此处是指蹴鞠是足球最早的形式，故要用最高级，填earliest。

（2）考查时态。句意：汉代，蹴鞠的流行从军队传播到宫廷和上层社会。分析句子可知，本空是谓语动词，其中的主语是蹴鞠，与动词spread二者是主动关系，此处的时间状语是“汉代”，要用一般过去时，故填spread。

（3）考查时态语态。句意：据说南朝武帝很喜欢这项运动。根据语境可知，“南朝武帝很喜欢这项运动”，既可以是现在大家说的，也可以是过去说的，所以既可用一般现在时，又可以用一般过去时。此处是主语从句，其中的it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that从句。主语从句“that Emperor Wu of nan enjoyed the sport.”与动词said是被动关系，是被说，因此要用被动语态。故填is/was said。

（4）考查名词。句意：蹴鞠比赛常在故宫内举行。根据本句国的副词“often”可知“蹴鞠比赛”不指一次，有许多次，可数名词match要用复数形式，故填matches。

（5）考查介词。句意：蹴鞠运动在唐代得到进一步发展。根据语境可指蹴鞠运动在唐代得到进一步发展。此时可用“in/during”，故填in/during 。

（6）考查定语从句。句意：在当时的帝国首都长安，有几十个组织良好的蹴鞠联盟。分析句子可知，本句是定语从句，其中的Chang'an是先行词，在定语从句中做主语，非限制性定语从句中做主语，指物，要用which，故填which。

（7）考查强调句型。句意：在这个时代，韩国和日本也有类似的游戏。分析句子可知，本句是强调句型“it is/was + 被强调部分+that +剩余部分”，句强调了时间状语during this age，去掉“It is/was...that...”后句子是完整的。故填It。

（8）考查副词。句意：也就是在这个时期，类似的游戏在韩国和日本开始流行，并逐渐在世界范围内流行。空格处在句中修饰副词worldwide，修饰副词要用副词，故填gradually。

（9）考查形容词。句意：当时，职业的蹴鞠运动员颇受欢迎。分析句子可知，本空格在句中作定语，修饰名词Cuju players，修饰名词要用形容词，故填professional。

（10）考查固定搭配。句意：一组是由皇家宫廷训练和表演的，另一组是以蹴鞠为生的有才华的平民运动员。make a living，固定短语，“以......为生”。故填living。

【点评】本题考点涉及形容词，时态语态，名词，介词，定语从句，强调句，副词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

13．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Summer is over, but there's no reason to be upset as that means autumn is upon us, arguably the ________ (good) season of the year.

Beijing's autumn is extremely short, so parks around the city fill up fast with people coming to see the season's sight—a show of changing ________ (color) as the trees turn from dark green to deep red. There are plenty of places in the city center ________ (catch) the golden Gingko leaves, but I'm heading just outside of the Fifth Ring Road to see the season on ________ larger scale.

Despite parks like Xiangshan getting so busy ________ you need tickets a week in advance, there are still areas well-known and ________ (frequent) visited by the Beijing crowds, and Baiwangshan, one of such places, ________ (locate) 3km from the Summer Palace to the city's North West. It offers hiking tails and beautiful views of the city and ________ (surround) forests.

I love coming to Beijing's parks at this time of year because I can always enjoy ________ (I), bathing in the last of the good weather and golden colors. You never know ________ you're going to find around every corner.

【答案】best；colors；to catch；a；that；frequently；is located；surrounding；myself；what

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了北京的秋天，和一些秋景。

（1）考查形容词。句意：夏天结束了，但不要沮丧因为这意味着秋天就要来了，秋天可以说是一年中最好的季节。the 后用最高级，good的最高级是best，本句表示“最好的季节”。故填best。

（2）考查名词。句意：北京的秋天很短，所以公园里挤满了来往的看秋景的人。秋景就是变化的颜色——树从深绿色变成深红色。color表颜色时是可数名词，根据“ from dark green to deep red”可知，用复数形式colors。故填colors。

（3）考查非谓语动词。句意：城市中心有很多地方可以看金色的银杏叶。此处是不定式做后置定语，修饰places，表示动作还为发生。故填to catch。

（4）考查冠词。句意：不过，我正前往五环外，以更大的规模看这个季节。这里泛指一个更大的规模，且larger首字母发音为辅音因素。故填a。

（5）考查状语从句。句意：尽管像香山这样的公园变得如此繁忙以至于你需要提前一周订票。so…that固定短语，“如此......以至于......”。故填that。

（6）考查副词。句意：尽管像香山这样的公园变得如此繁忙以至于你需要提前一周订票，仍然还有北京人经常去的有名的地方。visited是动词，用副词修饰，故填frequently。（7）考查时态和主谓一致。句意：百望山距离颐和园3km，在城市西北方。be located固定短语，“坐落于、位于”。本句的主语是Baiwangshan，单数第三人称，整篇文章是一般现在时，故填is located。

（8）考查形容词。句意：这里能徒步旅行，还有城市风景和周围森林的美景。此处是用

形容词修饰名词，故填surrounding。

（9）考查代词。固定短语enjoy oneself意为玩得愉快，主语是I，故填myself。

（10）考查宾语从句。句意：你永远不知道你会在每个角落找到什么。宾语从句中缺少宾语，用what引导，所以填what 。

【点评】本题考点涉及形容词，名词，非谓语动词，冠词，状语从句副词，主谓一致，形容词，代词以及宾语从句等多个知识点的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

14．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

In South Korea smartphone cases come with rings fixed on the back ________ (prevent) clumsy owners from dropping them. This makes people look like they are married to their phones. In lots of Seoul's coffee ________ (shop), couples on dates spend much more time looking at their screens ________ at each other. The results go beyond the ________ (potential) terrible consequences for romance.

Walk around the streets of Seoul, and there is ________ real risk of bumping into people ________ eyes are glued to their smartphone screens. According to the statistics, around 370 traffic accidents annually ________ (cause) by pedestrians using smartphones.

The government initially tried to fight the "smombie" (手机僵尸) phenomenon by distributing hundreds of stickers (贴纸) around cities, ________ (beg) people to "be safe" and look up. This seems to have had little effect even though, in Seoul at least, it recently replaced the stickers with stronger plastic boards.

Instead ________ appealing to people's good sense, the authorities have therefore turned to trying to save them from being run over. Early last year, they ________ (begin) to test floor-level traffic lights in smombie hotspots in central Seoul. Since then, the experiment has been extended around and beyond the capital. For the moment, the government is keeping old-fashioned eye-level pedestrian lights as well. But in future, the way to look at a South Korea crossroads may be down.

【答案】to prevent；shops；than；potentially；a；whose；are caused；begging；of；began

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了韩国人的手机依赖症以及政府对这一现象已经采取的一些措施。

（1）考查非谓语动词。句意：在韩国，智能手机外壳背面装有指环，以防止手机从笨拙的用户手中脱落。这句话中谓语动词为come with，所以空格处填非谓语动词。这里用来表达手机外壳装有指环的目的，故用不定式做目的状语，填to prevent。

（2）考查名词。句意：在首尔的很多咖啡店里，情侣看手机的时间远远超过看约会对象的时间。空格前有lots of与名词所有格修饰，所以空格处应填名词。shop为可数名词，lots of修饰名词时，应用名词的复数形式。故填shops。

（3）考查连词。句意：在首尔的很多咖啡店里，情侣看手机的时间远远超过看约会对象的时间。由much more time可知，这是一个比较句式。故填than。

（4）考查副词。句意：这一行为除了可能会破坏浪漫气氛，还有其他后果。空格位于形容词前，需用副词修饰。故填potentially。

（5）考查冠词。句意：走在首尔的街头上，你很有可能会撞到其他人，因为他们的注意力都在手机屏幕上了。空格后的名词risk为单数形式，所以空格处应填冠词。real是以辅音音素开始的，故填a。

（6）考查定语从句。句意：走在首尔的街头上，你很有可能会撞到其他人，因为他们的注意力都在手机屏幕上了。这是一个定语从句，先行词为people，指人，且在从句中作eyes的定语，所以选用关系词whose，故填whose。

（7）考查时态语态与主谓一致。句意：据统计，每年大约370例交通事故是由用手机的行人引起的。这句话缺少谓语，由annually可知，这句话使用一般现在时。主语traffic accidents与cause之间是被动关系，所以使用被动语态。且由于主语traffic accidents是复数形式，所以谓语动词使用复数形式。故填are caused。

（8）考查非谓语动词。句意：政府最初试图通过在城市中分发数百个贴纸来恳求人们“注意安全”并抬头看，以此来应对“手机僵尸”现象。这句话的谓语动词为tried to，所以空格处填非谓语动词。主语The government与beg之间是主动关系，且分发贴纸与beg这两个动作是同时发生的，所以使用现在分词作状语。故填begging。

（9）考查介词。句意：政府当局没有诉诸于人们抬头看路的良好意识，而是试图挽救他们免于被车辆碾压。空格后为动名词形式，所以空格中填介词。instead of固定短语，“代替; 作为……的替换”，故填of。

（10）考查时态。句意：去年年初，他们开始在首尔市中心的手机僵尸热点区域试点路面交通信号灯。这句话缺少谓语动词，且由early last year可知，这句话应使用一般过去时。故填began。

【点评】本题考点涉及非谓语动词，名词，连词，副词，冠词，定语从句，时态语态，介词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

15．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

If this 13-year-old American boy succeeds in his effort ________ (climb) Mount Everest, he has modest ambitions — pick a small piece of rock from the top of the world as a memento (纪念品) and wear it in a necklace.

"I will not sell it or give it to anyone. It is something for ________ (me) to say 'this is a rock from the summit'," Jordan Romero from California, told reporters in Kathmandu. He left ________ the mountain on Sunday.

If he ________ (succeed), Romero will become ________ youngest climber to scale the 8,850 meters Everest summit. ________ (current) a 16-year-old Nepali boy, Temba Tsheri Sherpa, holds the record of being the world's youngest climber of Mount Everest. But Romero said he was not after ________ (set) climbing records.

Romero said Mount Qomolangma was part of his goal to climb the highest mountains on all seven ________ (continent).

"It is just a goal," he ________ (say) confidently. "If I don't succeed I am okay. I will try again." Romero has already climbed Mount Kilimanjaro in Africa and Mount McKinley in Alaska among others.

"I know it requires a lot of ________ (patient). I will remain patient. I want to stay safe and make right choice," Romero said.

【答案】to climb；myself；for；succeeds；the；Currently；setting；continents；said；patience

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，一位13岁的美国男孩准备攀登珠穆朗玛峰，如果他成功登顶，他将创下最年轻登顶的纪录，此前的纪录是一名16岁男孩保持的。

（1）考查非谓语动词。句意：如果这个13岁的美国男孩成功攀登珠穆朗玛峰，他的雄心壮志——从世界之巅挑一块小岩石作为纪念品，然后戴在自己的脖子上。in one's effort to do sth”努力做…...“，故填to climb。

（2）考查代词。句意：对于我来说，它是我说的"这是山顶的一块石头"的某个东西。分析句子可知，say的主语和宾语都是这个小男孩，因此需要使用反身代词。故填myself。（3）考查介词。句意：他星期天出发上山。文章第一句提到"If this 13-year-old American boy succeeds in his effort…"如果这个小男孩成功了的话，说明男孩那时还未出发登山，leave for固定短语，”出发至某处“，故填for。

（4）考查时态。句意：如果他成功的话，他就会成为最年轻的登山员。分析句子可知，男孩成为登山员的条件是他成功了，即指某一件事情实现之后（状语从句中的动作），其它事情（主句中的动作）才能发生，通常译作"假如、如果…"，在含有条件状语从句的复合句中，表示将来时态，主句是一般将来时态，祈使句或情态动词，从句要用现在时态，即主将从现原则，该句中主语he是第三人称单数形式，因此句中谓语也要使用三单形式。故填succeeds。

（5）考查冠词。句意：如果他成功的话，他就会成为爬上8850米珠穆朗玛峰最年轻的登山员。分析句子可知，youngest为形容词的最高级，因此需要定冠词the修饰限定，故填the。

（6）考查副词。句意：目前，一名16岁的尼泊尔男孩Temba Tsheri Sherpa保持着世界最年轻的珠穆朗玛峰登山者纪录。分析句子可知，需用副词作状语修饰整个句子。故填Currently。

（7）考查非谓语动词。句意：但在创造了攀登纪录后，Romero说他并不是。分析句子可知，after为介词，介词后动词需使用动名词形式，故填setting。

（8）考查名词。句意：Romero说，珠穆朗玛峰是他攀登七大洲最高峰的目标之一。分析句子可知，seven是复数概念，因此修饰的名词需用复数形式。故填continents。

（9）考查时态。句意：他自信地说。分析文章可知，整篇文章使用了一般过去时，为保证时态一致性，因此需使用一般过去时，故填said。

（10）考查名词。句意：我知道这需要很大的耐心。分析句子可知，a lot of后接名词，因此需将patient改为名词形式。故填patience。

【点评】本题考点涉及非谓语动词，代词，介词，时态，冠词，副词以及名词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

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