最新高中英语情态动词解题技巧及练习题(含答案)

最新高中英语情态动词解题技巧及练习题(含答案)

一、单项选择情态动词

1．— Mum, little Ray broke his toys again!

—It doesn't matter. You see, accidents _____happen.

A．shall B．should C．must D．will

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词辨析。句意：——妈妈，小雷又弄坏了他的玩具。——没事的，你看，意外总会发生。A. shall将要，会；B. should应当；C. must必须；D. will总是。Will可以表示习惯，意思为“惯于，总是”。故D选项正确。

【点睛】

will/would是情态动词，其表达的意思如下。

(1)表示意志或意愿：决心，愿意，……好吗?

We will do our best to save the child. 我们会尽力抢救这个孩子。

I told her to stop crying, but she just wouldn’t listen. 我叫她别哭，可她就是不愿听。

注：表示请求、建议或征求对方意见时，用Would you…? 比用Will you…?更婉转。如：Will/Would you please keep the door open? 请让门开着好吗?

Will/Would you go with me? 你愿意和我一起去吗?

(2)表示真理或习惯：惯于，总是。如：

Oil will float on water. 油总是浮在水面上。

She will listen to music alone in her room for hours. 她独自在房间里听音乐，一听往往就是几小时。

He would get up early when he lived in the country. 他住在乡下时总是早起。

(3)表示要求：一定，必须。如：

You will report to me afterward. 你稍后一定要向我报告。

(4)表示猜测：可能，大概。如：

This will be the house you’re looking for. 这大概就是你找的那所房子了。

(5)表示功能：能。如：

This auditorium will/would seat one thousand people. 这个礼堂能容纳一千人

分析句子可知，本句中的will表示习惯，意思为“惯于，总是”且符合语境。故D选项正确。

2．—Did you attend the meeting for the experiment project yesterday?

—Yes, but I don’t think I ____ because my director was there.

A．need to have B．need to C．needed to D．need have

【答案】D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查情态动词+have done。句意：——你昨天参加实验项目的会议了吗?——是的，但我想我（本来）不需要，因为我的主管在那里。Think/suppose等宾语从句中如果有否定词时，要把从句的否定词not前移，即“否定前移”。所以not是从句中的否定词。“need have done”意为“本来有必要做而未做”；“needn’t have done”指过去本来没必要做而做了。根据上一句时间状语“yesterday”可知本句指的是过去发生的事。结合第二句“because my director was there(我的主管)在”可推断出，我本来不必要去。故选D。

3．Traveling by subway ______ sometimes be quite an adventure, especially during the rush hour.

A．must B．can C．shall D．should

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意：乘地铁旅行有时可能相当冒险，尤其是在交通高峰期。A. must必须；一定；B. can能够；可能；C. shall将会；D. should应该；应当。本句中can表示客观可能性（客观原因形成的能力），故选B。

4．It ________ be the postman at the door. It's only six o'clock.

A．mustn't B．can't

C．won't D．needn't

【答案】B

【解析】

D[考查虚拟语气。句意：不可能是邮递员在门口，才六点钟呢。mustn't 禁止，不允许；can't 不可能；won't 不愿意，就是不，偏不；needn't 不需要。]

5．—Can I pay the bill by check?

—Sorry，sir．But it is the management rules of our hotel that payment _____ be made in cash．

A．shall B．need

C．will D．can

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考察情态动词用法。句意：——我能用支票付账吗?——对不起,先生。但这是我们酒店的管理规定,支付要用现金。shall可以表示命令，警告，强制，或者指规则和法律要求做的事情。本题正是考察了shall表示按照规则和法律要求做的事情。故A正确。

6．Frankly speaking, I am not sure whether I ________ this in the old days with that kind of

equipment, which looks quite odd and ridiculous.

A．should have done B．need have done C．would have done D．must have done 【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词+have done。句意：坦率地说，我不确定在过去我是否会用这种设备做这件事，这看起来很奇怪和可笑。A. should have done表示本应该做某事，而实际上没有做某事；B. need have done表示本来需要做某事而没有做；C. would have done虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是“本来会做”；D. must have done表示对过去事情的肯定推测，译成“一定做过某事”。由“in the old days”可知，本句表示对过去事情的假设。故选C项。

7．—Daddy, would you please buy me an iPhoneX?

—If you can pass this midterm examination, you __________ have one as a reward.

A．must B．need

C．would D．shall

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意：爸爸，你可以给我买部iPhone X吗？--如果你通过考试，你就会得到一部作为奖励。A. must一定；B. need必要；C. would将，会；D. shall会。根据语境可知，这句话是父亲对子女的允诺，故选D。

【点睛】

shall的用法。

1. shall作为助动词，一般用于第一人称Ⅰ和We，表示一个将来的动作，构成将来时态。shall后面接动词原形。例如：

（1）I shall think it over and Let you know my idea.我将考虑一下此事，然后告诉你我的想法。

（2）We shall have a good time in the park.我们在公园里会玩得很高兴的。

2. shall用于第一人称，表示征求对方的意愿。如：What shall we do this evening?

3. shall用于第一、第三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。如：Shall we begin our lesson? When shall he be able to leave the hospital?

4. shall用于第二、第三人称，表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁。如：You shall fail if you don't work harder. （警告） He shall have the book when I finish reading. （允诺）He shall be punished. （威胁）

比如本题，根据语境可知，这句话是父亲对子女的允诺，故选D。

8．We ________ take clean drinking water for granted. One day we may run out of it. A．needn't B．can't

C．won't D．shouldn't

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意：我们不应该把拥有洁净的饮用水看作是理所当然的。也许有一天，我们会用完它。shouldn't“不应该”，符合句意。needn't不必；can't不可能；won't将不。故选D。

9．—________ the woman with the baby come over? We have a seat here.

—Thank you, sir. Actually I do have my seat here. But my baby likes to look out of the window. A．Would B．Shall

C．Must D．May

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意：——那位抱小孩的女士，要不来这边吧?这儿有个座位。——谢谢，实际上我有座位的，只是我的孩子喜欢看窗外。would表示婉转的请求，征求对方的意见，Shall提问一般只用于第一人称，我们常说Shall I.或者 Shall we；may表示请求对方允许。故选A。

【点睛】

would的用法

1.would 最常见的用法是：相对于一个过去时间点的后来“将要”做什么，比如：He said he would meet me at the station. 他说他会在车站接我的。这句中的 would meet 是相对于 said （过去说）之后要做的事情。又如：She thought she would have to ask someone for help. 她当时想，她得找个人帮忙。

10．—You rang me up at about 10:00 last night, didn't you?

—No, I didn't phone you. It someone else.

A．must have been B．could be C．must be D．could have been 【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词+have done。句意：“昨晚10点左右你给我打了电话，是吗？”“不，我没给你打电话。一定是别人干的。” must have done 是对过去发生的动作最有把握的猜测，意思是“一定”，结合语境可知，我没有打电话给你，因此猜测一定有别人给你打了电话。故选A 项。

11．The room is so clean. He ________ have cleaned it yesterday evening.

A．will B．need

C．can D．must

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词表推测。句意：房间如此干净，他一定是昨天晚上打扫过了。must have done 表示对过去发生的事情有把握的猜测，意思是“一定（做过）”，故D项正确。

12．It has been announced that all the candidates ___________ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected.

A．shall B．could

C．would D．ought

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词用法。句意：据宣布，所有的候选人都要坐在位置上，直到所有的试卷都被收齐。根据句意可知本句是考试规则，情态动词shall可以表示“按照规则/规定/法律要做

的事情”，符合本句语境。故A项正确。

13．It is really cold and the ground is wet; it ________ have rained last night.

A．might B．must

C．can D．should

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词辨析。句意：天气很冷而且地面是湿的，昨晚一定下了雨。根据上文the ground is wet可知，“昨晚下了雨”是肯定的，故用must have done“必定做了……”表示对过

去十分有把握的推测，故选B。

【点睛】

must have done用法辨析

must have done：表示对过去的肯定的逻辑推测，推定某件事情、动作或状态可能在过去发生过（存在过）。

He must have been a doctor, for he knows medicine so well. 他过去肯定是一位医生，他对医学如此了解。

Somebody must have stolen the ring. 肯定有人偷了这枚戒指. [该句所推断的偷窃动作发生在过去.]

The temperature must have dropped to below zero last night, because the water is frozen all over.昨夜的温度肯定降到零度以下，因为水都冻住了。

如果“must + have + 过去分词”句型与by now连用，还可以表示对现在完成的动作和状态的肯定推测，但实质上还是指所推测的过去的动作。例如：

They started early this morning; they must have arrived by now. 他们今晨很早就出发了，现在肯定已经到了。

中国学生的常见病句是：They...; they certainly have arrived.病句的句义是“他们当然已经到达了。”（这不是对过去的肯定推测，而是断定动作已经完成。）

14．Mr. Baker, some students want to see you. ______ they wait here or outside?

A．May B．Should C．Shall D．Will

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查Shall的用法。句意：贝克先生，有些学生想见你。他们是在这里等还是在外面

等?Shall用于第一、第三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。故选C。

【点睛】

Shall的用法

Shall作为助动词，一般用于第一人称Ⅰ和We，表示一个将来的动作，构成将来时态。Shall后面接动词原形。例如：

（1）I shall think it over and Let you know my idea.我将考虑一下此事，然后告诉你我的想法。

（2）We shall have a good time in the park.我们在公园里会玩得很高兴的。常考的特殊用法

1. Shall用于第一人称，表示征求对方的意愿。如：What shall we do this evening?

2. Shall用于第一、第三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。如：Shall we begin our lesson?When shall he be able to leave the hospital?

3. Shall用于第二、第三人称，表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁。如：You shall fail if you don't work harder. （警告）

He shall have the book when I finish reading. （允诺）

He shall be punished. （威胁）

15．Most of the top leaders expressed a common desire at the UN conference, ______ that different cultures ______ coexist with tolerance.

A．the one ; must B．the one ; should C．one ; must D．one ; should

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查替代和情态动词。句意：大多数高层领导人在联合国大会上表达了一个共同的愿望，即不同的文化应该与宽容共存。大多数高层领导人在联合国大会上表达了一个共同的愿望，即不同的文化应该与宽容共存。替代表泛指的单数名词，通常用one替代。此处用one替代前面的a desire，是同位语；结合句意第二空用情态动词should“应该”。故选D。【点睛】

that ,it ,one 代指前面的名词时的用法

1.one 指代前面出现的可数名词，是泛指。可以和冠词连用，也可以有自己的定语。一般不能用做特指，但和定冠词连用时可以是特指。如： Please show me the cup, the red one on the shelf.

2.It 指代前面提到的单数名词，相当于the one。当one是泛指的时候，指的是同名异物，it是指同一物体.如： ----Do you want the cup ? ---Yes ,I want it.

3.that通常用来代替前面出现的可数名词\不可数名词,主要是用来避免重复。如： The weather of Guangzhou is hotter than that of Beijing.

16．Using AI， many companies are now conducting experiments that__________ possible just a few years ago．

A．would have been B．might have been

C．shouldn't have been D．couldn't have been

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词表推测。句意：很多公司现在使用人工智能进行试验，这在几年前是不可能的。根据“a few years ago”可知，此处表示“过去不可能”，应该用couldn’t have done，故D 项正确。

17．I still find it hard to imagine that such a clever child __________ make such a foolish mistake. A．shall B．must

C．can D．should

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意：我仍然难以想象这样聪明的孩子竟然犯这样愚蠢的错误。should 作为情态动词，可以用来表示意外、惊喜或者在说话人看来是不可思议的，常常译为"竟会"、"居然"，这么聪明的孩子竟然犯这样愚蠢的错误。表示意外，shall表示允诺，命令等，must表示必须，can表示能力及可能性。所以答案选D。

18．According to the latest rule, people _______sort household garbage into four categories. A．can B．shall C．may D．need

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词辨析。句意：根据最新的规定，人们应该把生活垃圾分成四类。A. can能；B. shall应该；C. may也许；D. need需要。shall用于第二人称表示承诺、命令、警告、威胁

的口吻，这里是指法令规定了……，因此用shall。故选B。

19．—May you live longer, grandpa!

—Thank you! It's the favorite wish I _____.

A．should have waited for B．must have waited for

C．may have waited for D．could have waited for

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词+‘have done’形式。句意：—爷爷祝您长寿！—谢谢，这是我能够等待到的最喜欢的愿望。A. should have waited for 本应该等待； B. must have waited for 一定在等待；

C. may have waited for可能已经等待；

D. could have waited for可以已经等待的。

表示可以等到的愿望用could have waited for。故选D。

【点睛】

情态动词have done不仅是高中英语教学的重点和难点，也是高考的重点。情态动词have done有两大功能：一是表示推测；二是表示虚拟。

must have done过去一定做了某事，根据must的本意即可推敲出意思，比较好理解。

The lights were out. They must have been asleep. 灯灭了，他们应该睡觉了。

should have done本该做某事却没做，should是应该，重点记忆最后的结果是没做某事。

You should have told her that you loved her.你本应该告诉她你爱她。

could have done字面意思是可能已经做了某事，也可用作本能做却没做某事，重点记忆最后的结果是没做。

You could have reviewed, but you played games all night.你本可以复习的，但你一晚上都在玩游戏。

may have done也许已经做了某事。

20．We ______ have watered these flowers yesterday. Today’s rain will be too much for them. A．can’t B．shouldn’t C．may not D．mustn’t

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意：我们昨天不应该给这些花浇水。今天的雨对他们来说太大了。A.

c an’t不可能；B. shouldn’t不应该；C. may not或许不会；D. mustn’t禁止，不允许。情态动词的完成时should’t have done“本不应该做而做了”。根据Today’s rain will be too much for

them.可知，此处指昨天不应该给这些花浇水。故选B。

【点睛】

情态动词+ have done结构：

1.“must + have + 过去分词”表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测，语气比较坚定，通常只用于肯定句。如：It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.

2.“can / could + have + 过去分词”表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定。can和could一般用于否定句和疑问句，could的语气较can弱。如：He can't have finished the work so soon.

3.“may / might + have + 过去分词”表示对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推

测,might的语气比may弱一点.这种结构主要用于肯定句和否定句，疑问句改用can或could，如：They may not have known it beforehand.

4.“need + have + 过去分词”表示过去做了不必做或不需要做的事情，或过去做某事纯属多余，如：I needn't have bought so much wine—only five people came.

5.“should / ought to + have + 过去分词”表示过去本该做某事但没做，其否定式表示过去不该做某事但做了，这种句式含有不满或责备之意，ought to的语气比should强一些。如：You ought to / should have studied harder.你本应该更努力学习的。（但没有）

He oughtn't to / shouldn't have done that.他本来就不该做那件事。（可是做了）

6.“would + have + 过去分词”表示对过去的某种情况进行猜测，或本来要做某事却因某种原因未做成,通常用来说明某一情况，但不像用should或ought to那样含有责备之意。如：I guess the poet would have been about twenty when she wrote her first poem.

Another worker wouldn't have acted like that.

21．(2018·天津) I can't find my purse. I___________ it in the supermarket yesterday, but I'm not sure.

A．should leave B．must have left

C．might leave D．could have left

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词表推测。句意：我不能找到我的钱包了，昨天我有可能把它落到超市了，但我不确定。根据句中时间状语yesterday可知，是对过去事情的推测，故用情态动词+ have done，再根据后句but I’m not sure.可知，此推测为不能肯定的推测，故用情态动词could，表示“可能”。故选D。

【点睛】

情态动词是每年高考的热点也是难点。本题抓住两点：第一、时态。根据句中时间状语可以判断出是对过去事情的推测，故用情态动词 + have done；如果是对现在事情的推测，才用情态动词+v原形。第二、情态动词的选择。must为肯定推测，表示“一定”，could为不肯定推测，表示“可能”，这样就能选出正确答案。

22．Look! There are so many mistakes in your composition. You ________ have fixed full

attention on it.

A．can B．should

C．need D．might

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意：看！你的作文里有那么多的错误。你本应该把所有的注意力都集中在它上面的。表示“本应该做但实际上没有做”应该用should have done结构，can have done 表示可能；need表示需要；might have done表示可能做过某事；故选B。

23．—What does the sign over there read？

—“No person___smoke or carry a lighted cigarette,cigar or pipe in this area.”

A．will B．may

C．shall D．must

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词辨析。句意：---那边的牌子上写的是什么?---任何人不得在本地区吸烟或携带点燃的香烟、雪茄或烟斗。A. will表示现在的意志、愿望等，意为要，希望； B. may表示许可，或用于请求许可，意为可，可以；C. shall在陈述句中用于第二人称或第三人称，表示说话者的意志、命令、约定、决心、警告、威胁、预言等，意为必须，应该，要，得，给； D. must意为必须, 要,应当。分析句意可知，词句表示任何都不准在这个区域吸烟或携带点着的香烟、雪茄或烟斗。故选C项。

24．I ______my examination easily but I made too many stupid mistakes.

A．should pass B．could have passed

C．had passed D．must have passed

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词+have done的用法。句意为:我本来能够轻松地通过这次考试的，但是我犯了太多愚蠢的错误。结合语境可知，此处考查虚拟语气，且与过去的事实相反，应用

could/would/might have done的结构，could have passed本能通过（事实上未通过），故选B项。

【点睛】

本题考查情态动词的过去式+have done的虚拟语气的用法，常见结构有should/shouldn’t have done; could/couldn’t have done/ would/wouldn’t have done/ need/ needn’t have done/ might have done

例如：

Without your help, I couldn’t have passed the test.如果没有你的帮助，我本不能通过测试。It cleared up, I needn’t have brought the umbrella.天放晴了，我本没有必要带伞的。

25．Every coin has two sides. Beautiful songs, sometimes, ________ just be noise to others. A．must B．should C．may D．would

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意：任何事物都有两面性。美丽的歌曲，有时候，对别人来说也许是噪音。A. must一定，表示肯定推测；B. should应该；C. may也许，可能；D. would将会，表示对将来的推测。分析句子可知，此处应该表示可能的推测，“美丽的歌曲，有时候，对别人来说也许是噪音。”。结合选项，故选C。

26．Peter searched all the places where he________have left her iPad but it was all in vain. A．might B．would C．must D．should

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词辨析。句意：彼得找遍了所有他可能放她的iPad的地方，但都没有找到。A. might可能；B. would将会；C. must必须，一定；D. should应该。might have done表示对发生过的事情的推测,意思是“可能已经”或“也许已经”,用于肯定句中。故选A。

27．He ______ writing the paper now. He hadn’t written a single word when I left him ten minutes ago.

A．shouldn’t be B．can’t have finished

C．can’t be D．mustn’t have finished

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查推测句。句意：他现在不可能写完了卷子。我十分钟之前留下他时，他还没有写一个字。根据句意可知，此处考查对过去情况的否定推测，其表达为can’t have done不可能做某事，故选B项。

【点睛】

本题考查推测句

对过去情况的肯定推测是must have done

对过去情况的否定推测是can’t/couldn’t have done

例如:

The ground is wet, so it must have rained last night.

He can’t have finished his work, because he played basketball all day yesterday.

28．We’ll make the final decision on our scheme. ______ you change your mind, please inform us as soon as possible.

A．Should B．Were C．Would D．Had

【答案】A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气。句意：我们将对我们的计划做最后决定。如果你改变主意，请尽快通知我们。根据语境，此处用虚拟语气，表示与将来相反，从句用should+动词原形，省略if，should提前，陈述句是：If you shoul d change your mind……。故选A。

【点睛】

虚拟语气中的倒装

当虚拟条件句中含有 were，had，should时，可以将if省略，然后将 were，had，should，移至句首：

1）If he should fail, he would kill himself.

→Should he fail, he would kill himself.

万一失败，他就会自杀。

2）If I were you, I would do it at once.

→Were I you, I woul d do it at once.

假若我是你，我就会马上做。

要是我能做此事，我一定会做。

3）If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it.

→Had he seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it.

他昨天要是看到了你，他就会问你这事了。

该小题属于上述的第一种情况。should作为情态动词，有一种特殊的用法：在虚拟条件状语从句中表示与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，可以把should放在句首，即主语前，从而省略从属连词if。原来的表述为：If you should change your mind。故选A。

29．If we had paid enough attention to the issue of the heavily-overloaded vehicles, the tragedy of the collapse of an overpass in Wuxi _____ avoided.

A．should B．could be C．should have been D．could have been 【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词用法。句意：如果我们对超载车辆问题给予足够的重视，就可以避免无锡立交桥垮塌的悲剧。本句为“情态动词+have done”结构，结合句意表示“本来可以；本来能够”应用could have done结构，且主语与谓语动词avoid构成被动关系，故应用be done形

式。故选D。

【点睛】

情态动词+have done的结构和用法有以下几种：

一、must have done sth.“一定做了某事”。表示对过去事情的较有把握的推测，这时只能用在肯定句中，“肯定/必须已经干过……”，在否定句和疑问句中用can’t或couldn’t或can/ could，例如：

1.From what you said, she must have told you all about it. 从你的话看，她一定告诉了你所有的事情。

二、can/could have done sth.本来能够做某事，而实际上未做；

1.But we could have done it all so much better. 但是，我们本可以把这一切做得更好。

三、can't/couldn't have done sth.不可能做过某事；

1. We could't have done it without you.

没有你我们办不成这事。

四、ought to/should have done sth.过去本应该做某事而实际上并没有做。

You should have done it when you first saw them blooming this spring. 你应该在今年春天第一次看到它们盛开的时候就挖一些的。

2.Even if it’s something you should have done earlier in the week or missed a detail on.

甚至你在一个星期前的就提早完成了一件事或者忽略了一个小细节。

30．I’m sorry, but you _____ go wrong. There’s no such man here.

A．need B．can C．must D．will

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意：很抱歉，但是你一定是弄错了。这儿没有这么个人。A. need需要；

B. can能够；

C. must必须；

D. will将会。must指有把握的推测，“一定；必定”，结合下文There’s no such man here.可知一定是弄错了。故选C。

31．Students ____ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected according to the regulation.

A．would B．shall C．will D．could

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意：学生们必须呆在自己的座位上，直到所有的试卷都被收回。根据句意，“学生们呆在自己的座位上”是一项规定。shall 可表示某种规定或义务，用于第二、三人称的句子中。而其他情态动词无此用法。故正确答案为B。

32．You can’t imagine that a well –behaved gentleman ______ be so rude to a lady.

A．might B．need C．should D．would

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词辨析。句意: 你无法想象一个行为良好的绅士会对一位女士如此粗鲁A. might 可能；B. need需要；C. should竟然； D. would会。由You can’t imagine that a well –behaved gentleman. 可知，should“竟然”符合句意。故选项C项。

33．-- Did Jim come?

-- I don’t know. He _______ while I was out.

A．might have come B．might come

C．must have come D．should have come

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词推测用法。句意：Jim来了吗？--我不知道，在我不在的时候，可能来过。根据前文I don’t know.可知，说话者不知道Jim来没来，因此后文推测来过，但是语气很不确定，故可知选A。对过去情况的推测为情态动词+have done，must have done 一定做了某事，should have done 应该来过，不符合，故选A。

【点睛】

情态动词+have+过去分词的用法，表示推测或判断过去的情况。

can/could+have+过去分词用法：①多用于否定句和疑问句中。表示对过去某事发生的可能性的否定或质疑，意为：不可能（已经）......了-（否定句）/可能（已经）......了嘛？-（疑问句）②用于肯定句中。表示对过去没有做某事的遗憾，含有轻微的责备，意为：本来可以......的（但实际上没有......）。You could have done better, but you were too careless.（肯定句。他能做得更好的）

should/ought to+have+过去分词用法：用于肯定句中。表示对过去没有做某事的遗憾，含有责备的意思，意为：本来应该......的（但实际上没有......）。用于否定句中-表示对过去已经做了某事的责备，意为：本来不应该......的（但实际上已经......了）。He should have been asleep.（肯定句，他本应去睡觉的）He shouldn't have been asleep.（否定句，他本来不应该去睡觉的）。

may/might+have+过去分词用法：用于肯定句和否定句中，表示对过去发生某事的可能性的推测，意为：或许（已经）....../或许还没有......。It is too late. He may have gone to bed. must+have+过去分词用法：表示对过去发生的事情十分肯定的推测。must表示推测时，不能用在否定句和疑问句中。I must have forgotten to tell you.（must 的引入，表达了说话者对过去忘记告诉你的这件事肯定推测）

needn't+have+过去分词

用法：表示对过去已经做了某事的后悔，意为：本来可以不必......的（可实际上却已经......）You needn't have taken a taxi here, for it was very near to my home.

34．— Excuse me, do you mind if I open the window?

— Well, if you __________. I can put on more clothes.

A．can B．may

C．must D．shall

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意：-不好意思，我把窗户打开你介意吗?- 好吧，如果你必须这么做的话。我可以多穿点衣服。A. can能够；B. may可能；C. must一定；必须；D. shall会；将。must表示偏要，必须要做的事情，故选C。

35．-- Turn off the TV, Jack. _______ your homework now?

-- Mum, just ten more minutes, please.

A．Will you be doing B．Should you be doing

C．Shouldn't you be doing D．Couldn’t you be doing

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查含情态动词的进行时态。句意：——把电视关掉，杰克。你现在不应该做作业吗?——妈妈，请再给我十分钟。此处表示目前应该在做某事，should“应该”，这里用含情态动词的进行时态，故选C。

36．—What happened to the young trees we planted last week?

—The trees ________ well, but I didn’t water them.

A．might grow B．needn’t have grown

C．would have grown D．would grow

【答案】C

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。——我们上周种的小树怎么了?——这些小树本来会长得很好,但是我们没有给它们浇水。根据语境可知,此处是对过去的事实进行假设,故本题选C。

37．Days later, my brother called to say he was all right, but _______say where he was. A．mustn’t B．shouldn’t C．wouldn’t D．mightn’t

【答案】C

【解析】

考查情态动词。句意：“数天后，我弟弟打电话说他很好，但不肯告诉我他在哪

里。”mustn’t“禁止”；shouldn’t“不应该”；wouldn’t“不情愿”；mightn’t“不可能”。

38．—Tony _______ what I did annoying though he didn’t say anything.

—So you think you will have to make an apology?

A．could find B．should have found

C．might find D．must have found

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词+have done。句意：—Tony一定觉得我做的事很烦人，尽管他什么也没说。—所以你认为你得道歉吗?。由“what I did”可知，此处是对过去事情有把握的推测，must have done“一定是做某事了”。故选D项。

【点睛】

情态动词+ have done结构：

1.“must + have + 过去分词”表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测,语气比较坚定,通常只用于肯定句.如：It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet.

2.“can / could + have + 过去分词”表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定.can和could一般用于否定句和疑问句,could的语气较can弱.如：He can't have finished the work so soon.

3.“may / might + have + 过去分词”表示对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推

测,might的语气比may弱一点.这种结构主要用于肯定句和否定句,疑问句改用can或could.如：They may not have known it beforehand.

4.“need + have + 过去分词”表示过去做了不必做或不需要做的事情,或过去做某事纯属多余.如：I needn't have bought so much wine—only five people came.

5.“should / ought to + have + 过去分词”表示过去本该做某事但没做,其否定式表示过去不该做某事但做了,这种句式含有不满或责备之意,ought to的语气比should强一些.如：

You ought to / should have studied harder.你本应该更努力学习的.（但没有）

He oughtn't to / shouldn't have done that.他本来就不该做那件事.（可是做了）

6.“would ＋ have ＋过去分词”表示对过去的某种情况进行猜测,或本来要做某事却因某种原因未做成,通常用来说明某一情况,但不像用should或ought to那样含有责备之意.如：

I guess the poet would have been about twenty when she wrote her first poem.

Another worker wouldn't have acted like that.

分析句子可知，由“what I did”可知，此处是对过去事情有把握的推测，must have done“一定是做某事了”。故选D项。

39．My computer ________ start this morning. There must have been something wrong with it. A．would n’t B．shouldn’t C．couldn’t D．mustn’t

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。A. wouldn’t 不会；B. shouldn’t不应该； C. couldn’t 不能； D. mustn’t禁止，不允许。句意：我的电脑今早启动不了。一定是出了什么问题。此处would表示过去

的习惯或反复性的动作。故选A。

40．One of the few things you ___ say about English people with certainty is that they talk a lot about the weather.

A．need B．must C．should D．can

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词的用法。句意：关于英国人你可以肯定的一点是他们谈论很多的天气。A. need需要；B. must必须；C. should表示责任和义务；D. can可以；能够。根据语境，故选D。

高中英语情态动词精讲与解析

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高中英语情态动词讲解与练习(含答案)

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一、情态动词无人称和数的变化，不能单独做谓语，只能和行为动词或状态动词构成谓语 二、情态动词分为：情态助动词：can(could)、may(might)、must、have to (had to )、ought to 、 shall(should)、will(would) 12个 半情态助动词：dare、need、used to、had better、would better(5个) 三、情态助动词 1.can and could 1)ability：be able to do /manage to do/succeed in doing sth. eg.The army can defeat their enemy. eg.The army is able to defeat their enemy. eg.The army succeed in defeating their enemy. 2)permission:eg.Can I smoke here? eg.You can’t smoke here. 3)possibility:用在否定句、疑问句、感叹句中- eg.This can’t be done by him. 当被用在肯定句中时，表达的是理论上的可能性，不涉及是否真的会发生 eg.even expert drives can make mistakes. 要表达现在或者将来的可能性，用may /might或could. eg.I may leave for Beijing next month. 但在特殊疑问句中，或与副词hardly、only等连用的陈述句中表达可能 性只用can/could Eg.where can the noise be coming from? eg.It can hardly be the postman,he comes only in the morning. 4)有时会：the road can be blocked. 5)could 表示轻微的怀疑或委婉的看法 I’m sorry I couldn’t lend you the book now. His story could be true,but I hardly think it is. 6)could 表示委婉的请求，主要用于疑问句，不用于肯定句 Could you lend me some money? Yes,I can /No,I am afraid not. 7)could 的常用结构：could+动词+比较级“非常，再.....不过了” It couldn’t be better. Couldn’t +过去分词+比较级“非常，再.....不过了” They couldn’t have tried harder to make me eel welcome. Can’t..too..=can never too“无论怎样...也不为过,越...越好” I can’t thank you too much.I owe my progress to you. Can’t (help/choose) but do/can but +动词原形“不得不，只好” We can but agree with him. Can’t help doing 忍不住，不得不 I can’t help laughing Can’t be (it) 控制不住，没有办法 It can’t be helped Can’t....without 没有...就不能 One can’t succeed without perseverance.

高一英语必修三 情态动词

情态动词全解析 一、何谓“情态动词”？ 情态动词主要用来表示说话人的情感、态度等，是中学英语语法的重点，也是高考的热点，是单项填空必考的一个知识点。情态动词在近五年高考中主要考查四点：情态动词表示推测和可能性的用法；情态动词与虚拟语气；情态动词的表达“情感、态度、语气等”，情态动词表示“必要性”等方面的用法。 二、情态动词的特点 1.没有人称和数的变化。 2. 有些情态动词有过去式的变化: . will → would , can → could , may→ might , dare → dared 三、情态动词的否定形式 情态动词+ not +动词原形can not: can't , must not: mustn't , need not : needn't 四、情态动词的用法及相互间的区别（注意：这是常考的考点） 1. can , be able to be able to 表示经过努力后, 能够做到; be able to 有多种形式的变化。 can 1). 表示体力或脑力方面的能力; 2). 表示允许、可能性。 could 是can的过去式, 表示过去有能力及过去存在的可能性 ; 用于疑问句表示委婉地提出问题。 1) The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone ____ get out. A. had to B. would C. could D. was able to 2) -Will you stay for lunch? -Sorry, __. My brother is coming to see me. A. I mustn't B. I can't C. I needn't D. I won't 表示询问或说明一件事可不可做; 表示某事有可能发生。might是may的过去式; 用在疑问中比may委婉、客气。 1) -May I take this book out of the reading-room? -No, you mustn't. ( Yes, you may.) 2) -Might I make a suggestion? -Yes, you may. 3. must 1). 表示必须要做的事: 必须 2) 表示很有把握的推断: 一定, 准是。have (has)to : have (has)got to 必须, 不得不。过去式: had to 3) -Must I get to the station before three o'clock? -Yes, you must. ( No, you needn't. ) 4) I'm afraid you will have to wait a while. 5) She must be in the classroom now. 6) Mary ____ be in Paris, I saw her in town only a few minutes ago. A. mustn't B. shouldn't C. can't D. may not 4. shall 1) 在疑问句中, 用于第一、三人称表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请求。 2) 用于二、三人称,表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺等概念。 1) - Shall I place an order with you now? -No, you needn’t.

高中英语情态动词

Plants must have oxygen in order to live. 为了存活植物必须有氧气。 A plant must have oxygen in order to live. 为了存活植物必须有氧气。 D. 情态动词的时态并不是区分时间的主要标志。在一些场合中，情态动词的现在式和过去式都可以表示现在时间、过去时间或将来时间。 I'm afraid it might rain tonight. 我看今晚可能要下雨。 Could I borrow your thermos？我可以借用你的暖水瓶吗？ It's a nice day today. We could go for a walk. 今天天气不错，我们可以出去散散步。 E. 情态动词是互相排斥的，一般不允许两个意义相近的情态动词连用。 【误】Soldiers must have to obey orders. 【正】Soldiers have to obey orders. 军人必须服从命令。 【正】Soldiers must obey orders. 军人必须服从命令。 【误】Can I be able to borrow two books at a time? 【正】Can I borrow two books at a time? 我能一次借两本书吗？ 【正】Will I be able to borrow two books at a time ? 我能一次借两本书吗？ 二、情态动词的意义和用法 A. may和might 1．表示请求、许可，常译为“可以”。 在口语中可用can, could代替may，但在正式场合用may。表示允许时，也可用might代替，might不表示过去时，而是表示口气比较婉转。 You may take this seat if you like. 如果你喜欢可以坐这个位置。 May/Can /Could/ Might I have a talk with you ? 我可以和你谈谈吗？ --- May/Might I come into the room to see my mother? 我可以进房间看我母亲吗？ --- No, you mustn't. She needs to have a good rest. 不，你不能进。她需要好好休息。 提示： May I ... 问句常见的肯定回答和否定回答。 肯定回答Yes, please. Certainly. Yes, of course. Sure. Go ahead, please. 否定回答No, you can't. （最常见）No, you mustn't. （具有强烈禁止的意思） Please don't. You'd better not. I don't think you can. I'm sorry it's not allowed. 2．表示推测，可译为“可能，也许”。 Your math teacher maymight be in his office. 你们的数学老师可能在办公室里。（一般情况下，might 表示的可能性很小） The light isn't on. It maymight be broken. 那盏灯没有亮，它可能坏了。 There may might be some ink left in the bottle. 瓶子里也许还剩点儿墨水。 注意： 用may表示推测一般不用于疑问句，在疑问句中通常用can来代替。 Can he be at home? 他可能在家吗？ --- Can it be true? 这可能是真的吗？ --- It may be, or may not be. 可能是，也可能不是。 3．用在目的状语从句中，构成谓语。 He wants to take a taxi so that he may get there in time. 他想坐出租车，这样他就能及时到达那里。 I arrived at the airport earlier in order that I might meet him. 我早早地就到了机场为了能接到他。