分词作状语用法
For personal use only in study and research; not for commercial use
分词作状语用法是所有分词用法中最重要的，也是最难掌握的。
分词在句中作状语时，其逻辑主语必须是句子的主语。
一、现在分词作状语
一、现在分词作状语，表主动、进行，相当于一个状语从句，根据需要可以使用被动式或完成式。
Studying at the hometown, I enjoyed the happiest time during my life.
Being ill, she can't go to work today.
The children ran out of the room, laughing and jumping.
1. He sent me an e-mail, ________ to get further information.
A. hoped
B. hoping
C. to hope
D. hope
2. Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage ________ the girl and took her away, ________ into the woods.
A. seizing; disappeared
B. seized; disappeared
C. seizing; disappearing
D. seized; disappearing
二、现在分词的时态语态
1. 现在分词的一般式由“动词+ing”构成，其被动式为“being+动词过去分词”。
例如：The students standing there are from Class Three.
The English novel being translated by the editor now will be completed in October.
2. 现在分词的完成式由“having +动词过去分词”构成，其被动式为“having +been+动词过去分词”。
例如：Having finished all the work, they had a good rest.
Having been given the right answer, the teacher asked me to sit down.
Given more time, we will finish the work in time.
3. 现在分词的否定式为“not +动词-ing”，被动式的否定式为“not+being+动词过去分词”，其完成式的否定式为“not + having +动词过去分词”。
例如：Not knowing what to do, he sat there crying.
Not being noticed by the public, the young writer felt a little pity.
1. _______ from heart trouble for years, Professor White has to take some medicine with him wherever he goes.
A. Suffered
B. Suffering
C. Having suffered
D. Being suffered
2. Finding her car stolen, _______.
A. a policeman was asked to help
B. the area was searched thoroughly
C. it was looked for everywhere
D. she hurried to a policeman for help
二、过去分词作状语
过去分词只有一种形式，即done，表被动。
The mother came in, followed by her son.
When heated，water will be turned into steam.
Deeply moved by the film, we all cried.
Born into a poor family, he had no more than two years of schooling.
1．_____ from the top of the TV tower, and we can get a beautiful sight of most of the city.
A. To see
B. Seen
C. Seeing
D. See
2. _____ in 1613, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United Stated.
A. being founded
B. Founded
C. It was founded
D. Founding
三、过去分词与V-ing作状语的区别
1. 分词在句中作状语时，其逻辑主语必须是句子的主语。
2. V-ing表示主动、进行的动作；2. 过去分词表示被动。
Seen from a distance, the mountain looked like an elephant.
Seeing the mountain, he always thinks of his childhood.
1. _______ in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home.
A. To wait
B. Have waited
C. Having waited
D. To have waited
2. ____ alone in the dark room, the little boy was so frightened as to cry.
A. Leaving
B. Left
C. To be left
D. Having left
3._____ by the beauty of nature, the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farms.
A. Attracting
B. Attracted
C. To be attracted
D. Having attracted
4. The children ran out of the room, ______.
A laughed and jumped
B To laugh and jump
C laughing and jumping
D laugh and jump
用所给词的适当形式填空
1. ______ (see) from the top of the hill, the city looks beautiful to us.
2. ______ (give) time, he’ll make a first class tennis player.
3. ______ (look) out of the window, I found many children playing on the playground.
3、连词+分词做状语：分词做状语常和某些连词连用，表示分词是做什么状语，常见的和分词连用的连词有When，because，if，though，once，unless等。
1. Generally speaking, ______ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect.
A. When taking
B. when taken
C. when to take
D. when to be taken
2．______, this film can never been forgotten.
A Once seeing
B once having seen
C Once seen
D Once to see
四、分词作状语相当于状语从句
分词在句中作状语时，其逻辑主语必须是句子的主语。
一、用作时间状语，分词(短语)用作时间状语通常可转换成由when, while, after, before等引导时间状语从句。
典型例句
Seeing the cat, the mouse ran off.
=When [As soon as] the mouse saw the cat, it ran off.
高考实例
When ______different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities.
A. compared
B. being compared
C. comparing
D. having compared
二、用作原因状语，分词(短语)用作原因状语通常可转换成由as, because, since, now that 等引导的原因状语从句。
Being very weak, she couldn't move.
=As she was very weak, she couldn’t move.
(1) _____with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time.
A. Faced
B. Face
C. Facing
D. To face
(2) ____for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits.
A. Blaming
B. Blamed
C. To blame
D. To be blamed
三、用作条件状语，分词(短语)用作条件状语通常可转换成由从属连词if引导的条件状语从句。
典型例句
Working hard, you will succeed.
=If you work hard, you will succeed.
Given more time, we could have done it better.
=If we had been given more time, we could have done it better.
______ time, he’ll make a first-class tennis player.
A. Having given
B. To give
C. Giving
D. Given
四、用作让步状语，分词(短语)用作让步状语通常可转换成由从属连词though, although, no matter…等引导的让步状语从句。
Although living miles away, he attended the course.
=Although he lived miles away, he attended the course.
Defeated, he remained a popular boxer.
=Thought he was defeated, he remained a popular boxer.
No matter how frequently _____, the works of Beethoven still attract people all over the world. A. performed B. performing
C. to be performed
D. being performed
五、用作伴随状语，表示的动作伴随句子谓语动作同时发生，即句子谓语所表示的动作为主要动作，分词短语所表示的动作伴随性的次要动作。
典型例句
He sat in the chair reading a newspaper.
Don't you sit there doing nothing.
He came in, followed by his wife.
(1) Don’t sit there ______ nothing. Come and help me with this table.
A. do
B. to do
C. doing
D. and doing
(2) My cousin came to see me from the country, ______ me a full basket of fresh fruits.
A. brought
B. bringing
C. to bring
D. had brought
(3) Whenever he was asked why he was late for class, he would answer carelessly,
always ______ the same thing.
A. saying
B. said
C. to say
D. having said
(4) We often provide our children with toys, footballs or basketballs, _______ that all children like these things.
A. thinking
B. think
C. to think
D. thought
六、用作结果状语，分词(短语)用作结果状语时，通常可转换成并列句。
典型例句
He died, leaving his wife with five children.
=He died and left his wife with five children.
(1) He glanced over at her, ______ that though she was tiny, she seemed very well put together.
A. noting
B. noted
C. to note
D. having noted
(2) Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year, _____ a record US$ 57.65 a barrel on April 4.
A. have reached
B. reaching
C. to reach
D. to be reaching
课后练习题
1. ______ alone in the dark room, the little boy was so frightened as to cry.
A. Leaving
B. Left
C. To be left
D. Having left
2. _____ in this way, the situation doesn’t seem so disappointing.
A. To look
B. Looking at
C. Looked at
D. To be looked at
3. _______ in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home.
A. To wait
B. Have waited
C. Having waited
D. To have waited
4. _____ more attention, the tree could have grown better.
A. Given
B. To give
C. Giving
D. Having given
5. ______ the programme, they have to stay there for another two weeks.
A. Not completing
B. Not completed
C. Not having completed
D. Having not completed
6. Having been attacked by terrorists, _______.
A. doctors came to their rescue
B. the tall building collapsed
C. an emergency measure was taken
D. warnings were given to tourists
仅供个人用于学习、研究；不得用于商业用途。
For personal use only in study and research; not for commercial use.
Nur für den pers?nlichen für Studien, Forschung, zu kommerziellen Zwecken verwendet werden.
Pour l 'étude et la recherche uniquement à des fins personnelles; pas à des fins commercial es.
толькодля людей, которые используются для обучения, исследований и не должны использоваться в коммерческих целях.
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现在分词短语做状语
现在分词作状语 一、现在分词短语在句中可以作条件状语， 其逻辑主语须为句中的主语，该短语相当于一个条件状语从句。 Working hard, you'll succeed. = If you work hard, you'll succeed. 如果你努力工作，你会成功的。 Turning to the left, you will find the path leading to the park. = If you turn to the left, you will find the path leading to the park.如果转向左边，你将找到通向公园的小道。 二、分词短语在句中作让步状语 分词短语在句中作让步状语时，相当于一个让步状语从句，有时分词前可以带有连接词although, whether, even if, even though。 现在分词短语作让步状语，分词的逻辑主语是句中的主语，变成状语从句时，需用主动语态。 Weighing almost one hundred jin the stone was moved by him alone. = Although the stone weighted almost one hundred jin, it was moved by him alone. 虽然那块石头重将近一百斤，他一个人就把它挪动了。 三、分词短语在句中作结果状语 现在分词短语在句中可以作结果状语，它的逻辑主语便是句中的主语，该短语相当于一个结果状语从句，且用主动语态。分词短语在句中作结果状语时，通常位于句末，中间有逗号。有时为了加强语气，就在分词前加thus。 Their car was caught in a traffic jam, thus causing the delay. = Their car was caught in a traffic jam, thus it caused the delay.他们的车遇上交通阻塞，因而耽误了。 四、分词短语在句中表示方式或伴随情况 分词短语表示方式或伴随情况是比较常见的。它用来说明动作发生的背景或情况。一般情况下，现在分词所表示的动作与谓语所表示的动作同时发生，它的逻辑主语就是句中的主语，谓语动词作为主要动作，而现在分词表示一个陪衬动作，它没有相应的状语从句可以转换，但可以用并列句来转换。过去分词可以说明谓语动作的背景。过去分词与其逻辑主语之间有动宾关系。如： The children ran out of the room, laughing and talking merrily. The children laughed and talked merrily, and they ran out of the room. 那些孩子们跑出房间，愉快地笑着、说着。 Helped by their teacher, the students finished the task successfully. 在老师的帮助下，学生们成功地完成了任务。 五、现在分词短语作时间状语有以下三种情况： 1．分词动作一发生，谓语动作紧跟着发生，这时用现在分词的一般式作时间状语，其逻辑主语为句中的主语。常用的动词，如：hear, see, arrive, return, get to, look, open, close, leave, turn around, walk等，表示一个极短暂动作。 此种情况可以换作on+动名词，表示相同的意思。译作"一（刚）……就……"。 此种情况也可以换作是when引导的时间状语从句，该从句的动词多用一般过去时表示。Hearing their teacher's voice, the pupils stopped talking at once.
过去分词作状语的用法归纳
过去分词作状语 一．过去分词作状语的基本用法： 过去分词作状语主要是说明谓语动作发生的背景或条件；表示原因、时间、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。过去分词可置于主句前，也可置于主句后，用逗号与主句隔开。 1. 原因状语 Choked by the heavy smoke, he could hardly breathe. 他被浓烟呛了，几乎不能呼吸了。 Caught in a heavy rain, he was all wet. 因为淋了一场大雨，所以他全身湿透了。Frightened by the noise in the night, the girl didn’t dare to sleep in her room. 受到夜晚响声的惊吓，那姑娘不敢睡在她的房间。 2. 时间状语 Left to itself in the room, the baby began to cry.当被孤独地留在房间里时，婴儿哭了起来。 Asked why he did it, the monitor said it was his duty. 当被问及这件事时，班长说这是他的职责。 Approached in the dark, the lights looked lonely and purposeless. 在黑暗中走近时。那些电灯显得孤单而无意义。 3. 条件状语 Seen in this aspect, the matter isn’t as serious as people generally suppose. 如果从这个角度看，问题并不像人们一般预料的那样`严重。 Grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast. 如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。 Given better attention, the accident could have been avoided. 要是多加注意，那次事故就能避免了。 Watered more, these cabbages could have grown better. 如果多浇点水，这些大白菜还可以长的得更好。 Compared with you, we still have a long way to go. 和你相比，我们还有很大的差距。 4. 方式或伴随状语 Surrounded by his students, the professor sat there cheerfully. 那位教授在学生的簇拥下，兴高采烈地坐在那儿。 He stood there silently, moved to tears. 他静静地站在那里，被感动得热泪盈眶。The old man went into the room, supported by his wife. 那位老人在妻子的搀扶下,走进了房间。 5. 让步状语 Beaten by the police and sent to jail, Gandi created the principle of nonviolent resistance. 尽管受警察的殴打，被投入监狱，甘地却首创了非暴力抵抗的原则。Defeated again, he didn’t lose heart. 尽管再次被击败，但他没有灰心。
现在分词作状语的用法
现在分词作状语的用法 现在分词作状语： ①现在分词doing所代表的动作或状态与谓语动词是同时 或几乎是同时发生的，可以作时间、原因、方式、条件、结 果、目的、让步、伴随等状语。分词的逻辑主语就是句子的主 语。如： Rushing out of the house, he was knocked down by a car. 他一冲出屋子就被一辆车撞倒了。 My cousin went to Shenzhen, hoping to find a job there. 我表兄去深圳了，希望在那儿找份工作。 The child fell，striking his head against the door. 小孩摔了一跤，头在门上碰了一下。 In the last few years, the country has had a hard time, suffering several killer quakes. 过去几年里，这 个国家经历了艰难的时期，遭受了几次致命的地震。 Being spring, the flowers are in full bloom. 因为是春天，所以花都盛开着。
②有些分词作状语，没有逻辑上的主语，已成为习惯用法：considering, judging from, talking of, allowing for(考虑到), generally/frankly/honestly/roughly/strictly speaking, assuming that(假设)等。如： Talking of this film, its wonderful. 说到这部电影，好极了。 Assuming that it is true, what should we do now 假定那是真的, 我们现在该怎麽办 Judging by the direction of the wind, it wont rain today. 根据风向测度, 今天不会下雨。 Social psychology, strictly speaking, deals with the behavior of people in groups. 严格地说, 社会心理学研究人们的群体行为。
过去分词作状语的用法作时间,原因,结果,条件,让步
高考单项选择题中过去分词作状语考题探究与训练 过去分词作状语的用法是高考英语单项选择题的命题热点之一，也是许多考生的丢分点之一。请看近几年来的考题： 【考题探究】 例1 an important role in a new movie,Andy has a chance to become famous. （2011·四川） A.Offer B.Offering C.Offered D.T o offer 【解析】由句子结构分析，此处应为过去分词短语作原因状语，相当于状语从句As she is offered an important role in a new movie,Andy has a chance to become famous.又因为主语Andy 与分词之间是被动关系，故选C。 例2. ______ into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order. （2011·天津）A. Translating B. Translated C. To translate D. Having translated 【解析】由句子结构分析，此处应为过去分词短语作时间状语，相当于状语从句When it was translated into English , the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order. 又因为主语the sentence 与分词之间是被动关系,故答案应选B。 例3._____ from the top of the tower, the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees .（2010陕西） A. Seen B. Seeing C. Having seen D. T o see 【解析】由句子结构分析，此处应为现在分词短语作时间状语，相当于状语从句When it is seen from the top of the tower, the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees .
现在分词作状语的用法
现在分词作状语的用法 现在分词作状语的用法 现在分词作状语： ①现在分词doing所代表的动作或状态与谓语动词是同时或几乎是同时发生的，可以作时间、原因、方式、条件、结果、目的、让步、伴随等状语。分词的逻辑主语就是句子的主语。如：Rushing out of the house, he was knocked down by a car. 他一冲出屋子就被一辆车撞倒了。 My cousin went to Shenzhen, hoping to find a job there. 我表兄去深圳了，希望在那儿找份工作。 The child fell，striking his head against the door. 小孩摔了一跤，头在门上碰了一下。 In the last few years, the country has had a hard time, suffering several killer quakes. 过去几年里，这个国家经历了艰难的时期，遭受了几次致命的地震。 Being spring, the flowers are in full bloom. 因为是春天，所以花都盛开着。 ②有些分词作状语，没有逻辑上的主语，已成为习惯用法：considering, judging from, talking of, allowing for(考虑到), generally/frankly/honestly/roughly/strictly speaking, assuming that(假设)等。如：
Talking of this film, its wonderful. 说到这部电影，好极了。 Assuming that it is true, what should we do now? 假定那是真的, 我们现在该怎麽办? Judging by the direction of the wind, it wont rain today. 根据风向测度, 今天不会下雨。 Social psychology, strictly speaking, deals with the behavior of people in groups. 严格地说, 社会心理学研究人们的群体行为。
分词做状语用法总结
外教一对一https://www.sodocs.net/doc/4c4515572.html, 分词做状语用法总结 一、表时间 Turning around, she saw an ambulance driving up. 她转过身，看见一辆救护车开了过来。 Having found a hotel, we looked for somewhere to have dinner. 在找好旅馆之后，我们就去找吃饭的地方。 Asked why he came late, he said that got up late. 当他被问到为什么来晚了时，他说他起床起晚了。 二、表原因 Not knowing her address, I wasn’t able to contact her. 由于不知道她的地址，我没法和她联系。 Having been ill for a long time, he needed time to recover. 由于他病了很长时间，他需要一段恢复的时间。 Moved by their speech, I was at a loss what to say. 被他们的发言感动，我不知说什么好。 三、表条件 Taken in time, the medicine will be quite effective. 及时吃，这药会很有效的。 Sit down, Emma. You will only make yourself more tired, keeping on your feet. 坐下吧，埃玛。你老站着，只会弄得你更累。 Seen in this light, the matter is not as serious as people generally suppose. 如从这个角度看，问题并不像人们一般料想的那样严重。 四、表让步 Although living miles away, he attended the course. 虽然住在几英里以外，他仍去上课。 Defeated, he remained a popular boxer. 虽然被击败了，他仍是一个受欢迎的拳击手。 五、表方式 He earns a living driving a truck. 他靠开卡车谋取生。 I’m returning you letter as requested. 我按要求给你退信。 六、表伴随 I offered them something to eat, thinking they might be hungry. 我给了他们一些东西吃，心想他们可能会饿。 They came in, followed by their wives. 他们走了进来，后面跟着他们的妻子。
分词作状语用法
分词作状语用法就是所有分词用法中最重要的,也就是最难掌握的。 分词在句中作状语时,其逻辑主语必须就是句子的主语。 一、现在分词作状语 一、现在分词作状语,表主动、进行,相当于一个状语从句,根据需要可以使用被动式或完成式。Studying at the hometown, I enjoyed the happiest time during my life、 Being ill, she can't go to work today、 The children ran out of the room, laughing and jumping、 1、He sent me an e-mail, ________ to get further information、 A、hoped B、hoping C、to hope D、hope 2、Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage ________ the girl and took her away, ________ into the woods、 A、seizing; disappeared B、seized; disappeared C、seizing; disappearing D、seized; disappearing 二、现在分词的时态语态 1、现在分词的一般式由“动词+ing”构成,其被动式为“being+动词过去分词”。 例如:The students standing there are from Class Three、 The English novel being translated by the editor now will be completed in October、 2、现在分词的完成式由“having +动词过去分词”构成,其被动式为“having +been+动词过去分词”。 例如:Having finished all the work, they had a good rest、 Having been given the right answer, the teacher asked me to sit down、 Given more time, we will finish the work in time、 3、现在分词的否定式为“not +动词-ing”,被动式的否定式为“not+being+动词过去分词”,其完成式的否定式为“not + having +动词过去分词”。 例如:Not knowing what to do, he sat there crying、 Not being noticed by the public, the young writer felt a little pity、 1、_______ from heart trouble for years, Professor White has to take some medicine with him wherever he goes、 A、Suffered B、Suffering C、Having suffered D、Being suffered 2、Finding her car stolen, _______、 A、a policeman was asked to help B、the area was searched thoroughly C、it was looked for everywhere D、she hurried to a policeman for help 二、过去分词作状语 过去分词只有一种形式,即done,表被动。 The mother came in, followed by her son、 When heated,water will be turned into steam、 Deeply moved by the film, we all cried、 Born into a poor family, he had no more than two years of schooling、 1._____ from the top of the TV tower, and we can get a beautiful sight of most of the city、 A、To see B、Seen C、Seeing D、See 2、_____ in 1613, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United Stated、 A、being founded B、Founded C、It was founded D、Founding 三、过去分词与V-ing作状语的区别 1、分词在句中作状语时,其逻辑主语必须就是句子的主语。
分词做状语详细例句
分词做状语详细例句 1时间状语 Seeing from the top of the hill ,we can see the park clearly Seen from the top of the hill ,the park is beautiful Seeing her mother ,the baby stopped crying Seeing the cat ,the moust ran away Seeing from the space, the earth looks green Hearing his father’s voice ,the boy turned off the TV set at once Hearing their teache’s voice, the puiples stopped talking at once Having finished his homework, the boy went to bed ~ Having been shown Tianan’men Square ,the tourists were taken to visit the Palace Museum Having arrived at the farm ,the set to work immediately Having watered the flowers ,he had a rest When crossing the street ,be careful On hearing the good news ,they all jumped with joy 2 原因状语 Being poor ,he couldn’t afford to buy the car Being a teacher ,she is very kind to her students Being ill ,the boy didn’t go to school this morning Not knowing his address ,I can’t get touch with him > Taken good care of ,the old man is living a happy life Berried deep down in the earth ,the dead forests rotten away and became coal Having lived in the city for many years ,he knows the city very well Having received his letter ,he decided to write back Having been bitten by a snake ,she was frightened at it Having been told to stay in Beijing ,the young man decided not to go back his hometown Not having received a reply ,he decided to write a letter again Caught in a heavy rain ,he was all wet 3伴随状语 The old man often takes a walk ,followed by his dog ] The dog often takes a walk ,following its owner She came in the room ,following her husband She came in the room ,followed bu her husband All night long ,he lay awake ,thinking of the problem He sat in the sofa ,read a newspaper He stood there ,waching the children playing games The six blind men stood there ,begging for meal 4让步状语 Living miles away ,he attended the course
现在分词作状语的用法 高中英语必修教案教学设计
教师姓名谢瑜单位名称陆川县实验中学填写时间2020年8月 学科英语年级/册高三教材版本人教版 课题名称《现在分词作状语的用法》 难点名称现在分词作状语在英语中的运用。 难点分析从知识角度分析 为什么难现在分词作状语在写作中的运用。 难点教学方法任务型教学法(Task-based Language Teaching) 、合作学习教学法（Cooperative Learning Approach）、情感激励教学法( Affective Motivation) 教学环节教学过程 导入Lead in the class naturally by talking with the students. 知识讲解（难点突破）Give students some minutes to analyze the following sentences and then explore the following grammar rules by cooperating in groups. What kinds of adverbials can present principle express? 1.Walking in the street, I came across an old friend of mine.( ) 2.Not knowing her address, I can’t write to her.( ) 3.Working hard, you’ll surely succeed.( ) 4.Being used by me now, the bike can’t be lent to you..( ) 5.Having finished his homework, he went out.( ) 6.Having been told for many times, he still made the same mistake.( ) 7.He comes home late every evening, making his wife very angry.( ) 8.He stood there waiting for a bus. ( ) 9. They eat using the fingers of their right hands.( ) Conclusion 1:现在分词作状语可用来表________、________、________、________、___ _____、________、________。 二、现在分词的时态和语态及其否定式 1 .Walking in the street, I came across an old friend of mine. 2.Being used by me now, the bike can’t be lent to you. Conclusion 2:现在分词作状语，若现在分词的动作与句子谓语的动作同时发生或几乎同时发生，用分词的________，与主语之间是主动关系用________；被动关系用________。 3.Having finished his homework, he went out. 主动式被动式 一般式 完成式
分词作状语用法
分词作状语用法是所有分词用法中最重要的，也是最难掌握的。 分词在句中作状语时，其逻辑主语必须是句子的主语。 一、现在分词作状语 一、现在分词作状语，表主动、进行，相当于一个状语从句，根据需要可以使用被动式或完成式。 Studying at the hometown, I enjoyed the happiest time during my life. Being ill, she can't go to work today. The children ran out of the room, laughing and jumping. 1. He sent me an e-mail, ________ to get further information. A. hoped B. hoping C. to hope D. hope 2. Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage ________ the girl and took her away, ________ into the woods. A. seizing; disappeared B. seized; disappeared C. seizing; disappearing D. seized; disappearing 二、现在分词的时态语态 1. 现在分词的一般式由“动词+ing”构成，其被动式为“being+动词过去分词”。 例如：The students standing there are from Class Three. The English novel being translated by the editor now will be completed in October. 2. 现在分词的完成式由“having +动词过去分词”构成，其被动式为“having +been+动词过去分词”。 例如：Having finished all the work, they had a good rest. Having been given the right answer, the teacher asked me to sit down. Given more time, we will finish the work in time. 3. 现在分词的否定式为“not +动词-ing”，被动式的否定式为“not+being+动词过去分词”，其完成式的否定式为“not + having +动词过去分词”。 例如：Not knowing what to do, he sat there crying. Not being noticed by the public, the young writer felt a little pity. 1. _______ from heart trouble for years, Professor White has to take some medicine with him wherever he goes. A. Suffered B. Suffering C. Having suffered D. Being suffered 2. Finding her car stolen, _______. A. a policeman was asked to help B. the area was searched thoroughly C. it was looked for everywhere D. she hurried to a policeman for help 二、过去分词作状语 过去分词只有一种形式，即done，表被动。 The mother came in, followed by her son. When heated，water will be turned into steam. Deeply moved by the film, we all cried. Born into a poor family, he had no more than two years of schooling. 1．_____ from the top of the TV tower, and we can get a beautiful sight of most of the city. A. To see B. Seen C. Seeing D. See 2. _____ in 1613, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United Stated. A. being founded B. Founded C. It was founded D. Founding 三、过去分词与V-ing作状语的区别
过去分词作状语
非谓语动词:过去分词 过去分词(短语)作状语 过去分词表示完成或被动,作状语时,表示动作发生的背景或者情况,在意义上相当于一个状语从句,其省略的主语(逻辑主语)就是主句的主语,且与主语之间存在被动关系。过去分词作状语可以表示时间、条件、方式、原因、让步等。过去分词的否定式就是将not放在其前面。 一、过去分词作状语时的具体用法: 1)过去分词作时间状语时,相当于一个时间状语从句。有时过去分词前可加连词when或 while来强调时间概念、 例:1、Asked (When he was asked) what had happened, his face turned red、 当她被问及发生了什么的时候,她的脸红了。 2、When heated (When it is heated), water changes into steam、当加热时,水变成水蒸气。 3、Told that his mother was ill(When he was told that his mother was illl), Li Lei hurried home quickly、李蕾得知母亲生病了时,马上赶回了家。 4、Seen from the moon(When it is seen from the moon) , the earth looks green、从月亮上 瞧时,地球就是绿色。 2)过去分词作原因状语时,相当于一个由as, since, because等词引导的原因状语从句。例:1、Deeply (Because they were) moved by the movie, the children began to cry、由于被电影深深地感动,孩子们哭了起来。 2、Frightened (Because she was frightened) by the horror movie, the girl didn't dare to sleep alone、因为被惊悚电影吓坏了,这个女孩不敢单独睡觉。 3、Caught in a heavy rain (Because he was caught in a、、、), he was all wet、 4、Satisfied with what he did (Because the teacher was satisfied with、、、), the teacher praised him in class、由于老师对她所做的事情很满意,于就是在班上表扬了她。 3)过去分词作条件状语时,通常放在句子的前面,相当于if, unless等引导的条件状语从句。例:1、Compared with you (If we are compared) , we still have a long way to go、
分词作状语用法小结
分词作状语用法小结 在高中英语语法中，非谓语动词的学习是一个重点，同是也是一个难点。而其中的分词的用法更是重中之重了，掌握了分词的运用对于我们突破阅读理解中的长句子，以及写作水平的提高都会很有帮助，下面就分词作状语的用法作以下总结。 分词在语法功能上相当于形容词和副词，分词或分词短语作状语时，可以表时间，原因，结果，条件，让步，行为方式，伴随状况等。表示时间关系的分词短语有时可由连词while 或when引出。（一般情况下过去分词不作结果状 的动作同时发生或两者之间时间间隔并不长。例如： I stayed up very late yesterday, preparing my speech on greenhouse. Hearing the good news, the students were wild with joy. He sends me an e-mail, hoping to get further information. Being written in haste, the composition is full of mistakes. 从所给的例句是我们可以看出，现在分词的一般主动式所表达的是：分词与句中主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，也就是我们常说的主动关系，而其一般被动式却表达的是：分词与句中主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，也就是我们常说的被动关系。并且现在分词的一般被动式一般作原因状语位于句首，请看以下例句：Being a student, he was interested in books. Being very small, computers are widely used. Being tired, I can’t go on walking. 2. 现在分词的完成式：表示分词的动作在句中谓语动词所表示的动作或 状态之前就已发生。例如： Having done the work, he went home. Having worked in the country for three years, he knew how to grow vegetables Having been bitten by a snake, she was frightened at it. Having been told many times, he still repeated the same mistake. Having been deserted by his guide, he could not find his way through the jungle. 从以上例句中我们可以看出，现在分词的完成主动式表达的是：分词与句中主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，先于谓语动词发生。而其完成被动式却表示分词与句中主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，也是先于谓语动词发生。 3．过去分词：分词与句中主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，不强调一定要先于谓语动词之前就已发生。例如： Heated, this kind of wood gives off much smoke. The teacher entered the lab, followed by the students. Given a chance, I can surprise the world. Founded in 1936, Harward is one of the most famous universities in the United States.
分词做状语
分词作状语需要注意的问题: 一. 表示伴随，行为方式 He ran to me, holding a letter in his hand. Accompanied by his friends, he went to the railway station. He scratched his head, wondering how to solve the problem. She came back running. 二．表示时间，相当于when, after 引导的时间状语从句 Seeing this, we became worried. (When we saw this, we became worried.) Taking a key out of his pocket, he opened the door. (After he took a key out of his pocket, he opened the door.) Heated to 100 degree, water boils. (When water is heated to 100 degree, it boils.) 三．表示原因，背景，状况，相当于because引导的状语从句Not having enough hands, we turned to them for help. Born in a poor family, he had only two years of schooling. Absorbed in his work, he neglected food and sleep. Not having received a reply, he decided to write again. Having finished the experiment, he left the lab. Having been giving such a good chance, hw could she let it slip away. 四．表示条件和假设，相当于if引导的状语从句 Taken in time, the medicine will be quite effective. 五．表示结果 He fell down, striking his head against the ground and hurting it. 六．独立主格形式（分词复合结构或独立结构） 当上述的分词结构中主句的主语不是现在分词的动作发出者或过去分词的动作承受者时，分词有自己的主语 Mother (being) ill, he didn’t go to school. With mother being ill, he didn’t go to school. Cf: Being ill, he didn’t go to school. Weather permitting, we shall go to the city park. Cf: Permitted, we shall go to the city park. The question (being) settled, we wound up the meeting. With the question being settled, we wound up the meeting. He came into the room, his face (being) red with cold. He came into the room, with his face being read with cold.