大学英语四级阅读练习

大学英语四级阅读练习

"Culture shock" occurs as a result of total immersion (浸没) in a new culture. It happens to "people who have been suddenly transplanted abroad. " Newcomers may be anxious because they do not speak the language, know the customs, or understand people's behavior in daily life. The visitor finds that "yes" may not always mean "yes", that friendliness does not necessarily mean friendship, or that statements that appear to be serious are really intended as jokes. The foreigner may be unsure as to when to shake hands, when to start conversations, or how to approach a stranger. The notion of "culture shock" helps explain feelings of bewilderment and disorientation. Language problems do not account for all the frustrations that people feel. When one

is deprived of everything that was once so familiar, such as understanding a transportation system, knowing how to

register for university classes, or knowing how to make friends, difficulties in coping with the new society may arise.

"... when an individual enters a strange culture, he or she is like fish out of water, " Newcomers feel at times that they do not belong to and feel alienated from the native members of the culture. When this happens visitors may want to reject everything about the new environment and may

glorify and exaggerate the positive aspects of their own culture. Conversely visitors may scorn their native country by rejecting its values and instead choosing to identify with (if only temporarily) the value of the new country. This may

occur as an attempt to over-identify with the new culture in order to be accepted by the people in it.

26. The expression "he or she is like fish out of water" suggests_______.

A. people away from their cultures can hardly survive in a new culture

B. a fish can not survive without water

C. people away from their culture experience mental isolation

D. people away from their culture have difficulties in their studies

27. In order to identify with the new environment, some people may_______.

A. give an exaggerated picture of their own country

B. criticize the positive aspects of their own country

C. abandon their original beliefs

D. accept a temporary set of values

28. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the author?

A. Homesickness results in culture shock.

B. A typical symptom of culture shock is confusion.

C. Culture shock is the explanation of anxiety.

D. Culture shock happens to foreign students only.

29. Newcomers may worry about

A. their ignorance of the alien customs

B. their knowledge of "yes" in the native language

C. their understanding of friendship

D. their control of their behavior

30. When the foreign visitor is immersed in new problems he finds hard to cope with, he is most likely to feel_______.

A. uninsured

B. deprived

C. alienated

D. disappointed

26. C 27. B 28. B 29. A 30. C

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大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案.

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3 大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案（四） 十六 Trees should only be pruned when there is a good and clear reason for doing so and , fortunately,the number of such reasons is small. Pruning involves the cutting away of obergrown and unwanted branches, and the inexperienced gardener can be encouraged by the thought that more damage results from doing it unnecessarily than from leaving the tree to grow in its own way. First, pruning may be done to make sure that trees have a desired shape or size. The object may be to get a tree of the right height, and at the same time to help the growth of small side branches which will thicken its appearance or give it a special shape. Secondly, pruning may be done to make the tree healthier. You may cut diseaed or dead wood, or branches that are rubbing against each other and thus cause wounds. The health of a tree may be encouraged by removing branches that are blocking up the centre and so preventing the free movement of air. One result of pruning is that an open wound is left on the tree and this provides an easy entry for disease, but itis a wound that will heal. Often there is a race between the healing and the desease as to whether the tree will live or die, so that there is a period when the tree is at risk. It should be the aim of every gardener to reduce which has been pruned smooth and clean, for healing will be slowed down by roughness. You should allow the cut surface to dry for a few hurs and then paint it with one of the substances available from garden shops produced especially for this purpose. Pruning is usually without interference from the leaves and also it is very unlikely that the cuts yu make will bleed. If this does happen,it is, of course,impossible to paint them properly. 1.Pruning should be done to ______. a.make the tree grow taller

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