综合教程4-Unit1课后练习答案

综合教程4-Unit1课后练习答案

Unit One

Man and Nature

Enhance Your Language Awareness

Words in Action

▆Working with Words and Expressions

1.In the boxes below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with the words given. Change the form where necessary.

▆Answers:

1) spark

2) compelled

3) bare

4) scrape

5) destruction

6) output

7) retreat

8) tipped

9) miracle

10) eternal

11) pile

12) transfer

13) mass

14) thereby

15) have emerged

16) trigger

17) threaten

18) consumed

19) hollow

2.In the boxes below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Complete the sentences with them. Change the form where necessary.

▆Answers:

1) show signs of

2) cope with

3) lives in fear of

4) tough it out

5) cut down

6) from head to foot

7) searched out

8) nothing short of

9) As yet

10) settle in

11) take heart

▆Increasing Your Word Power

1.You will read six pairs of words which are similar in meaning but are different in usage. Reflect on the differences in usage between the words in each group and fill in each blank with a proper one. Change the

form if necessary.

▆ Answers:

1) temptation

2) attraction

3) chance

4) opportunity

5) states

6) country

7) warned

8) threatened / threatens

9) refuse

10) reject

11) total

12) gross

2. A blend is a word produced by combining parts of other words, such as “comsat”from “communications”and “satellite”. Try to find out what words the following blends are formed from. You

3.Fill in the blanks in Column B with an adjective in Text A. The target adjective must be opposite in meaning to the one in Column A and must form a correct collocation with the noun in Column C.

▆ Answers:

1) individual

2) contradictory

3) destructive

4) rational

5) primitive

6) synthetic

7) distant

8) pessimistic

9) irreplaceable

10) enormous

Grammar in Context

1.Study the following sentences from Text B and point

out the grammatical function of each of the present participles used as an adverbial.

▆ Answers:

1) an adverbial of accompanying circumstances

2) an adverbial of accompanying circumstances

3) an adverbial of result

4) an adverbial of result

5) an adverbial of manner; accompanying circumstances

6) an adverbial of result

7) an adverbial of time

2. Complete the following sentences by translating the Chinese in the brackets into English, using a present participle as an adverbial.

▆ Answers:

1) killing thousands upon thousands of people

2) raising the average yield by 15 percent

3) trying to deduce its operating principle

4) Seeing that everyone was bending over his / her book

5) Not having heard from his parents for a long time

6) leaving the project unfinished

7) Turning to the right

8) Not wanting to make the patient nervous

Cloze

▆Complete the following passage with words chosen

from this unit. The initial letter of each is given.

▆ Answers:

(1) realm

(2) elemental

(3) obtain

(4) stubbornly

(5) transferred

(6) transformed

(7) subdued

(8) expansion

(9) irreplaceable

(10) extinct

(11) dynamic

(12) verge

(13) moderate

(14) ecological

(15) rational

Translation

1. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words and expressions given in brackets.

▆ Answers for Reference:

1) The village is so close to the border that the villagers lived in constant fear of attacks from the enemy.

2) In only twenty years the country was transformed into an advanced industrial power.

3) Seeing the project successfully completed, those who

had invested so much time and energy in it felt very proud.

4) Given the current financial situation, it is inevitable that the US dollar will be further devalued.

5) There are so many vehicles nowadays that the roads in this area are barely adequate to cope with the present traffic.

6) The weather showed no signs of getting better so the government called upon us to get prepared for floods. 7) Alice had been confined to bed for over 10 years after the traffic accident, and so her recovery seemed nothing short of a miracle.

8) The students were all very much concerned about the World Cup, spending at least two hours every day watching the live matches on TV.

9) Thomas said that his family had settled in Florida more than half a century ago.

10) Ask for help. Don’t tough it out yourself. I learned this lesson early in my life.

2. Translate the following passage into English.

▆ Answers for reference:

Human beings live in the realm of nature. They are not only dwellers in nature, but also transformers of it. With the development of society and its economy, people tend to become less dependent on nature directly, but indirectly their dependence grows.

Human beings are connected with nature by

“blood” ties. No one can live outside nature. However, the previous dynamic balance between man and nature has shown signs of breaking down. Problems such as the population explosion, ecological imbalance and the shortage of natural resources have become major factors keeping human society from being further developed.

Professor Spirkin holds that the only choice for human beings is the wise organization of production and care for Mother Nature.

Theme-Related Writing

▆ Write an essay of no less than 150 words on the topic “My Understanding of Environmental Protection”. Your writing should cover the following points:

1) the relationship between man and the

environment

2) the urgency of environmental protection

3) ways to protect the environment

▆Sample essay

My Understanding of Environmental Protection

Man and the environment are closely related. Man relies on the environment for water, food and shelter. A harmonious relationship between man and the environment is essential for human survival on the earth.

However, man and the environment have never

been on such bad terms as they are now. As society develops, m an’s transformation of nature has severely polluted his living environment. Deforestation leads to changes in rainfall patterns, causing devastating floods, droughts and sandstorms. The discharge of chemical pollutants endangers our health and the lives of other beings. And mass production has resulted in the shortage of irreplaceable natural resources such as coal and oil. If we take no immediate and effective steps to protect our environment, human beings may be the next species to become extinct.

We should do our best to protect our environment by planting more trees, taking care of wildlife, reducing industrial wastes, using renewable energy, and imposing heavy fines on environmentally-unfriendly activities, so as to preserve the environment for future generations.

(167 words)

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unit1响尾蛇伤 我们在西波顿种植西瓜和香瓜供应市场。我家有一块瓜地和花圃在紧靠甘蔗地的谷仓背后。一天，我从工具棚里拿了把镰刀想去砍个西瓜自己吃。他们是不许我拿这把刀的，因为它的刀刃比我的胳膊还长。但它是切西瓜的最好工具。一刀下去，西瓜就一分为二了。 我正沿着瓜地边走边拍打着想找一个熟瓜，突然感觉脚好像被针一样的东西扎了一下。我为是踩在一堆蒺藜草上了。 转眼一看，却发现是一条响尾蛇。我知道响尾蛇在袭击之前都要发出响声以示警告的，而我对那响声的熟悉程度决不亚于我熟悉鹌鹑。后来我才明白它是没有时间警告，我肯定是一脚踩在它的嘴巴上了。我边往家飞奔，边大声喊叫，满脑子想的都是自己肯定要死了。妈妈赶快解下围裙用上面的带子绑在我的膝盖上部。她扶我到前屋的沙发上躺下，让玛莎照看我。当时在场的既没有一个男人也没有一匹马。最近的住宅是豪威尔先生家，但他家没有马。再远点的是吉姆·安德森家，穿过田地抄近路也有半英里的距离。妈妈冲向安德森家。安德森的一个儿子跳上马就直奔城里，在安德森家打工的克拉克的儿子用车把妈妈送回家。回到家，妈妈发现围裙带已被玛莎解开了，因为我直叫系得太紧。妈妈给我重新绑上，她用力很猛以致于我失声叫了起来。 然后，妈妈又到门廊朝那条通往城里的路张望。这条路位于安德森和豪威尔两家领地中间，一直延伸到小山顶端，因此从这里你可以看见所有路过的人或物。我总是远远就能辨认出我们的马车和汤姆，尤其是爸爸赶车的时候。这时，如果得到允许，汤姆就会因为急于吃到马槽里的东西而撒腿跑起来，爸爸也总是允许它这么做的。 赫伯·安德森的意见是首先找爸爸，如果他不在就找麦肯斯医生，再不成就找菲尔德或别的医生。 妈妈一边盯着看谁的马先出现，一边不时地进屋安慰我。 终于，妈妈说道：“你爸爸来了。” Read more 误解 这是个古老的故事，的确是要说到1864年的事。那时，英国军队驻扎在牙买加的一个团养了只官兵都喜爱的大猴子。那是只善于思考、极有主见的猴子，他的行为习惯和举止总是令军官们开心不已。他的居所对着军官食堂的窗户，尽管身上系着很长但不重的链子，他照样自得其乐，淘气逗人。比如有一天，他觉得一位年轻军官羞侮了他，便立即把食堂窗户敲得惊天动地。军官们只好把他的居所移到一个不太招眼的地方，但他依旧自娱自乐。任何活生生的东西，只要胆敢闯入他链长所及的范围内，就免不了被折腾得手忙脚乱一阵子。而那些倒霉的鸡鸭，却经常误入他的领地。那就会被他一下子抓住，有时竟被他扼杀，不过更多的时候，他都是恶作剧地对这些痛苦的阶下囚实施全身或半身拔毛手术，然后再放开。 然而，有一只鸡却让他突然强烈地喜欢上了。他是逮住了它，但他即不拔毛也不扼杀，反倒是百般怜惜、抚爱有加。这种毫无顾忌的举动使那只不幸的鸡恐怕是宁受拔毛之刑吧。猴子拧它，揉它，抚摸它，搂抱它，把它举得高高地，令它展翅起舞，又把它放开一会儿，可当它试图逃脱时又顽皮地将它两腿一抓。可那只鸡怎么地都不领情，反倒是完全误解了猴情猴意。但猴子却始终不渝，牢牢地紧握着这个心肝宝贝不放松。他满以为忠贞不渝的柔情蜜意即能赢得芳心归，没想到讨好卖乖了一番却不成功，因而更加大献殷勤：不一样地抚摸，更挚着地摩挲，更卖力地搓揉，还逗得它更欢快地舞蹈。可万分钟情也未能赢得回眸一顾。终于，在猴子极其亲昵的拥抱中，鸡给整死了，至死也未能理解猴的一片赤诚。 猴子处于极度悲伤之中。可想而知，他好不容易发现心爱之鸡，而这心爱之鸡未能回报丝毫之柔情，竟弃他而去！可悲复可怜！他开始着手祭奠的仪式，每一动作都表现出他沉痛

新标准大学英语综合教程3课后习题答案

Unit1 Active reading(1) 4. b c c d c a 5.productive attendance resistance ambitious acceptance script impressive 6.attendance ambitious productive impressive resistance script acceptance 7.mortgage deck surf coastal;defy lengthy 8.b a b b b a b b Active reading(2) 4.triple cemetery rear biography cram budding finite elapse 5.elapsed;cemetery rear;crammed triple budding;biography finite 6.a b a a b b a a 7.a b b a a b b b a Language in use 6.(1)我们都觉得在校时间不多了，以后再也不会有这样的学习机会了，所以都下定决心不再虚度光阴。当然，下一年四五月份的期末考试最为重要。我们谁都不想考全班倒数第一，那也太丢人了，因此同学们之间的竞争压力特别大。以前每天下午5点以后，图书馆就空无一人了，现在却要等到天快亮时才会有空座，小伙子们熬夜熬出了眼

袋，他们脸色苍白，睡眼惺忪，却很自豪，好像这些都是表彰他们勤奋好学的奖章。 （2）明天行吗？明天只是个谎言；根本就没有什么明天，只有一张我们常常无法兑现的期票。明天甚至压根儿就不存在。你早上醒来时又是另一个今天了，同样的规则又可以全部套用。明天只是现在的另一种说法，是一块空地，除非我们开始在那里播种，否则它永远都是空地。你的时间会流逝（时间就在我们说话的当下滴答滴答地走着，每分钟顺时针走60秒，如果你不能很好地利用它，它就会走得更快些），而你没有取得任何成就来证明它的存在，唯独留下遗憾，留下一面后视镜，上面写满了“本可以做”“本应该做”“本来会做”的事情。 7.(1)Students differ about whether they should have their future mapped out when they are still at university .Some think they should have a definite goal and detailed plan, so as to brace themselves for any challenges, whereas some others think they don’t have to think much about the future , because future is full of uncertainties. （2）After a very careful check-up ,the scientist was told he had got a fatal disease .Although he knew that his life was ticking away ,instead of complaining about the fate ,the scientist decided to make the best of the remaining days ,and speed up the research project he and his colleagues initiated ,and have a shot at completing it ahead of schedule.