2018年全国高考英语语法填空专题练习

2018年全国高考英语语法填空专题练习

(后附详细答案)

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篇一:语法填空答题技巧

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语法填空解题流程

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语法填空答题技巧

形式一有提示词类

(一)提供动词类

当设空处提供动词原形，设空处一般考查动词的时态、语态、非谓语动词或词类转化。其解题步骤为：

[典例1][2016·全国Ⅰ]But for tourists like me，pandas are its top __61__(attract)．

[剖析]考查名词。句意：对于像我一样的游客，大熊猫是最大的吸引。形容

词top“头等的；最重要的”后面跟名词形式。故填attraction。

[典例2][2016·

全国Ⅰ]My ambassadorial duties will include __67__(introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.

[剖析]include为及物动词，后面应用动名词形式作宾语。故填introducing。

全国Ⅱ]Leaving the less important things until tomorrow __63__ [典例3][2016·

(be) often acceptable.

[剖析]分析句子结构可知，动名词短语Leaving the less...until tomorrow作主语，故63处应为谓语动词且应用单数形式。故填is。

(二)词性转换类

词性转换多以派生词变化为主，如：形容词与副词间的相互转化形容词与名

词间的相互转化；形容词与动词间的相互转化；动词与名词间的相互转化等。其解题步骤为：

全国Ⅰ]The title will be __63__(official)given to me at a [典例1][2016·

ceremony in London.

[剖析]考查副词。修饰动词应用副词形式。应填officially。

全国Ⅱ]Then，handle the most important tasks first so you'll feel a [典例2][2016·

real sense of __62__ (achieve)．

[剖析]考查名词。介词of后应用名词作宾语。故填achievement。

特别提醒：1.括号中所给词为形容词或副词时，也有可能是考查其比较等级。

[典例1]The__68__(hard) you try to beat him，the more likely you will get hit.He controls you!

[剖析]分析句子结构以及根据句意可知，此处为“the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..”结构，表示“越……，就越……”，故答案为harder。

2．括号中所给词为名词时，有可能不是考查词性转换，而是考查单复数。

[典例2]．..for most of us the __69__(change) are gradual and require a lot of

effort and work，like cleaning up a polluted river.

[剖析]由定冠词the可知，此处应填名词，由谓语动词are和require可知此处应用复数形式changes。

3．有个别空可能是词义转换题，词性不一定要变，主要是考查与词根意义

相反的派生词，需根据句子意思及前后逻辑关系，在词根前加un-，im-等，在词根后加-less等。

[典例3]People certainly have a variety of reasons for going back to school but one important thing to know is，no knowledge is________(use)．

[剖析]作表语要用形容词；又由句意可知，作者是表达“没有什么知识是无

用的”，故填useless。

形式二无提示词类

首先，分析句子结构确定填哪类词。然后，根据句子的意思，确定具体填什

么词；根据两句间的逻辑关系确定具体用哪个连词。解题时要注意以下五大原则：原则一：缺少主语或宾语，一定要填代词

1．缺主语

如果在谓语动词前挖空，答案应首先考虑代词。所填代词要考虑以下三种情况：

(1)人称代词：作主格的人称代词he，she，they，it等，此时要根据前文，

确定所代指的内容。

(2)关系代词：在定语从句中作主语的关系代词that，which，who等。

(3)名词性从句引导词：what，whoever等。

[典例1]I can send a message to Kenya whenever I want to，and________gets there almost in a second.

[剖析]and连接前后两个句子，and后面的句子缺主语，应填名词或代词；结合前一分句，不难推知，“马上可到达那里”的是the message，替代the message 用代词it。

[典例2]Maybe you have a habit__67__is driving your family crazy.

[剖析]根据句子结构可知该空应是定语从句的关系词，先行词是 a habit，关系词在定语从句中作主语，故填that或which。

2．缺宾语

如果空前为及物动词、及物动词短语或者介词，要考虑填代词，主要有以下

三类：

(1)人称代词：作宾格的人称代词him，her，them，it等。

(2)关系代词：在定语从句中作宾语的关系代词that，which，whom等。

(3)名词性从句引导词：what，whomever等。

[典例]Raise your leg and let__65__stay in the air for seconds.

[剖析]由let可知，空处作宾语，结合句意可知，此处用it代指前面的your leg。

原则二：名词、代词、动名词前挖空，可以考虑用限定词或介词

1．限定词

如果在名词前挖空，答案应首先考虑限定词。因为根据英语的习惯，名词前一般需要限定词。限定词包括冠词(a，an，the)、物主代词(my，mine等)、关系

词(whose，which等)、疑问词、不定代词(no，some，any，each，every，either，neither，several，many等)等。

四川]Wu Junqi has long been linked to alcohol.Of course he's not [典例1][2016·

a drunkard (酒鬼)．He actually rarely has a drink.________33-year-old man is a bartender (调酒师) in a pu

b named “Shock” in Beijing.

[剖析]33-year-old man为名词短语，其前挖空，答案应首先考虑限定词。前

句已提到Wu Junqi，所以再次提到时应用定冠词The。

[典例2]Here is The Pines，________cook has developed a special way of mixing foreign food such as caribou，wild boar，and reindeer with surprising sauces.You can enjoy delicious food in the restaurant.

[剖析]由挖空的特点可知此处答案很可能为限定词。冠词、物主代词、名词

所有格在此处均不合适，根据语境可知The Pines与cook为所属关系，又因为空

格后为一个句子，所以此处应用表示所属关系的关系代词引导定语从句，故此处

填whose。

2．介词

名词或代词前面是空格，而该名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语，也不作动词的宾语时，很可能是填介词。此时要特别关注与其空前动词等构成的固定搭配。

[典例]OK.Don't laugh __61__me.I may look funny.

[剖析]代词me前是空格，且与laugh构成固定搭配。laugh at意为“嘲笑”，故答案为at。

原则三：若两个或几个单词或短语之间没有连词，可能是填连词

主要的连词有表示并列关系的and和表示选择关系的or及表示转折关系的but等。

[典例]But the river wasn't changed in a few days __64__ even a few months.

[剖析]根据句意可知in a few days和even a few months为选择关系，故用or。

原则四：若两句(一个主谓关系算一个句子)之间没有连词也没有分号或句号，一定是填连接词

主要的连接词有连接并列句的连接词：and，but，or，so及引导状语从句的各种连词：if，unless，while，because等。

[典例1]There were many people waiting at the bus stop，__62__some of them looked very anxious and __63__(disappointed)．

[剖析]由句意可知，前后分句为并列关系，故用and。

[典例2]Unbelievable！Oh...，__69__you don't mind，I'll stop and take a deep __70__(breath)．

[剖析]根据句意“如果你不介意，我要停下来深呼吸”，if表示假设。

原则五：若结构较完整，空格后的谓语动词是原形，特别是虽然与上下文时态不一致或主谓不一致时，很可能是填情态动词或表示强调或倒装的助动词(do，does，did等)。如果是一般疑问句则要考虑填助动词(be，do，does，did，have，has，had等)

[典例1]What is acceptable in one country________be considered extremely

rude in another.

[剖析]句中What is acceptable in one country是主语从句，空格后的be considered是谓语；因其中的be是原形，故空格处必定是填情态动词或助动词does(由语境可知是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数)；由句意及作者的语气可知，需填表示“可能”的情态动词may。

[典例2]Then the driver stood up and asked，“__68__anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop？”

[剖析]句尾的问号提示该句为疑问句，“丢失”是发生在过去的动作，故答

案为Did。

篇二:语法填空精品练习题

（2017高考选练）语法填空。阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

TOEFL, short for Test of English as a Foreign Language, is a standardized test of English. The TOEFL test is an important step of your journey __1__ (study) in an English-speaking country.

The TOEFL test __2__ (measure) your ability to use and understand at the university level. And it evaluates __3__ well you combine your listening, reading, speaking and writing __4__ (skill) to perform academic tasks.

More than 30 million people from all over the world have taken the TOEFL test to show __5__ English－language competence. The TOEFL test has __6__ (many) test dates and locations than any other English-l anguage test in the world. You can retake the test many times as you wish, __7__ you cannot take it more than once in a 12－day period.

The TOEFL test is the most __8__ (wide) respected English-language test in the world, __9__ (organize) by more than 9 000 colleges, universities and agencies in more than 130 countries, __10__ (include) Australia, Canada, the U. K. and the

United States. Wherever you want to study, the TOEFL test can help you get there. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，向读者介绍了托福考试的一些相关内容，包

括考查项目、参加次数以及托福考试的影响和作用等。

1．to study考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空格处应用动词不定式表示

目的。故填to study。

2．measures考查动词的时态和主谓一致。本文用的是一般现在时，“The 是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词要用单数第三人称形式。故填

TOEFL test”

measures。

3．how考查副词。句意为：它评价你把你的听、说、读、写能力结合起来的

程度。how well指程度如何。故填how。

4．skills考查名词复数。听、说、读、写是四种能力，所以要用名词skill的复

数形式skills。

5．their考查物主代词。句意为：超过 3 000万来自世界各地的人参加托福考试

来展示他们的英语语言能力。空格处修饰名词“English-language competence”

，指

的能力，应用形容词性物主代词。故填their。

前面提到的“30 million people”

可知，此处应用many的比较6．more考查形容词的比较级。由空格后的“than”

级形式。故填more。

7．but考查连词。前一句说只要你愿意，你可以多次重复参加托福考试，后一

句说你不能在12天的时间内连续报考。前后两句话在意思上是转折关系。故填

but。

8．widely考查词性转换。此处应用副词修饰动词“respected”

，故填所给词的副

词形式widely。

9．organized考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空格处应用非谓语动词形

和动词organize构成被动关系，所以要用过去分

式。逻辑主语“The TOEFL test”

词形式。故填organized。

10．including考查词性转换。此处指包括澳大利亚、加拿大、英国和美国。应

用所给词的介词形式including，意为“包含，包括”。

（2017高考选练）语法填空。阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)

或括号内单词的正确形式。

Tea is consumed around the world more than any other drink except water. Originating in China, tea has long established __1__ (it) as the national drink of this country.

A century before the birth of Christ, tea __2__ (describe) in Chinese texts as a health drink that made one live __3__ (long). Today, it is still being regarded as such. Both green tea and black tea are claimed to be effective for __4__ (prevent) cancer, heart disease, and many other deadly diseases. There is only one point __5__ people need to be aware of when they drink tea — is should not be drunk along with meals.

Tea, a popular drink in China and many other countries, __6__ (be) carefully prepared according to local customs. The Chinese put loose tea in teapots, add boiling water, and serve it in teacups. The strong tea from China's Fujian Province is drunk in tiny cups before dinner. Lighter tea with jasmine (茉莉), rose or other __7__ (flower), usually served after dinner, is special to China's Changjiang River regions.

Many English people, travelling away from home, feel __8__ a loss if their favourite teabags are not available. Afternoon tea in England is still a time-honoured tradition.

It's a good opportunity for people to socialize or discuss business matters.

In Japan, a tea ceremony is often held while people are drinking tea. The ceremony, usually __9__ (hold) in a teahouse, dates back to the 16th century. Guests follow strict rules set up then and the tea used is powdered green tea. Though still practised today, the ceremony may not be as popular __10__ it used to be.

【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了茶的渊源及几个国家的茶文化。

【段意梳理】

第一段：简单介绍了茶的地位。

第二段：介绍了茶的作用和饮用时的注意事项。

第三段：中国人饮茶的种类和方法。

第四段：英国人的饮茶习惯和文化。

第五段：日本人的饮茶文化和现状。

1．itself考查代词。此处填的代词与句子主语tea形成互指关系，故用反身代词。

2．was described考查动词时态和语态。根据语境中的时间状语“A century

可知，事情发生在过去，且tea和describe构成逻辑上的before the birth of Christ”

动宾关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。

3．longer考查比较级。此处表示“让人活得更长”，故用longer。4．preventing考查动名词。介词后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，故用动名词preventing。

5．that考查定语从句。that引导定语从句，在从句中作介词of的宾语，修饰先行词one point。

在时态上呼应，故6．is考查主谓一致。句子主语为Tea，且与下文的“is drunk”

此处用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。

7．flowers考查名词复数。flower是可数名词，由前面的other可知，此处表示复数概念。

8．at考查介词。固定搭配at a loss意为“困惑，不知所措”，故用介词at。9．held考查非谓语动词。hold和句子谓语之间没有连词，故用非谓语动词。

句子主语The ceremony与hold构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词形式。10．as考查连词。由“as＋形容词＋as”的结构可知，此处应用连词as引导比较状语从句。

语法填空

We think that life in Chinese high school is an adventure in which we have to survive mountains of homework and exams. Yet would it be __1__ (surprise) if I tell you that high school life in the US

is almost as stressful and demanding as it is in China?

In US high school, everything __2__ (record) and graded, including your grades on quizzes, tests and final examinations. Failing __3__ (turn) in your homework on time will directly affect your grade for a certain course. Perhaps contrary to __4__ we used to think of the US high school students, they pay great attention to their __5__ (academy) performance to try to get into distinguished university. __6__，they'll be disappointed after graduation from high school.

Like university students, the US high school students have the __7__ (free) to choose the courses that most interest __8__ (they). Even a 9th-grader can sit __9__ the same classroom as

12th-graders. But this also means he or she has to work very hard, because the teacher will not treat him or her differently just because he or she is a few years __10__ (young)．

1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________

5．________ 6.________7.________8.________

9．________10.________

【参考答案】语法填空

语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国学生的高中生活。

1．surprising此处是现在分词作形容词，意为“令人吃惊的”，符合语境。

2．is recorded everything和谓语record之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且表示客观情况，

故用一般现在时的被动语态，即is recorded，与graded呼应。

3．to turn fail to do sth.意为“不能做某事”，为固定搭配。

4．what空处引导宾语从句，在从句中作宾语，表示物的概念，故填what。

5．academic修饰名词应用形容词，故用形容词academic修饰名词performance，作定

语。

6．Otherwise根据语境可知，此处表示否则他们高中毕业后就会感到失望，故用副词otherwise，意为“否则”，作状语。

7．freedom由定冠词the可知，此处应用名词，即freedom。

8．them此处应用宾格形式，作动词interest的宾语，故填them。

9．in in the classroom意为“在教室里”，符合语境，故填in。

10．younger根据上文可知，9年级和12年级的学生比较，自然是年轻一些，故用形容词的

比较级形式，即younger。

（2017高考选练）语法填空。阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Jiuzhaigou Valley, China

Located in Sichuan province, the Jiuzhaigou Nature Reserve, or Jiuzhaigou Valley, should be on your travel radar for its picturesque beauty of lush forests, __1__ (impress) waterfalls and glistening lakes. As China endeavors toward __2__ (cut) its carbon emissions by 2020, however, Jiuzhaigou is also a pioneer for biodiversity conservation and environmental __3__ (aware) in China by advocating eco-tourism. Listed by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site in 1992 and a World Biosphere Reserve in 1997, the area is home to many __4__ (endanger) plant and animal species, including the beloved Giant Panda. To explore the mountainous

__5__ (surrounding) and away from the crowds, Zharu Valley, __6__ particular, is the designated eco-tourism zone within the national park. Visitors are restricted in number with access only via guided hiking to the undisturbed surroundings and furthermore, into __7__ of the nine Tibetan villages __8__ occupy the region. With China's carbon reduction efforts in full effect and Jiuzhaigou first in line to support a greener future, the area can __9__ (confident) look forward to welcoming many more generations of visitors __10__ (come)．

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国著名风景区——四川的九寨

沟。

1．impressive/impressing考查词性转换。修饰名词的词为形容词，故用形容词

，符合语境，指令人印象深刻的瀑布。impressive/impressing修饰名词“waterfalls”

2．cutting考查动名词用法。介词后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，故用动名

词cutting作介词toward的宾语。

3．awareness考查词性转换。形容词修饰名词，故environmental修饰名词awareness，符合语境。

之间没有连词，故用4．endangered考查非谓语动词。endanger和句子谓语“is”

构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语，指濒

非谓语动词，且和其逻辑主语“plant”

危植物和动物物种。

5．surroundings考查名词用法。surrounding用复数形式作名词，表示环境，被形容词mountainous修饰，符合语境。

6．in考查固定搭配。固定搭配in particular相当于particularly，意为“尤其”，符合语境。故用介词in。

7．one考查代词用法。与语境“nine”

呼应可知，此处表示其中之一的概念，表

示泛指，与介词of呼应。

8．that/which考查定语从句。that/which引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，修

饰先行词villages，符合语境。

9．confidently考查词性转换。副词修饰动词、副词或形容词，甚至用来修饰

，符合整个句子，作状语。此处用副词confidently修饰动词短语“look forward to”语境。

10．to come考查非谓语动词。此处不定式表示将来的概念，作后置定语，和句

之间没有连词。

子谓语“look forward to”

（2017高考选练）语法填空。阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)

或括号内单词的正确形式。

When a woman took the seat beside me on a plane, I __1__ (feel) unhappy. She had to

lower herself slowly, squeezing h er body into the small space. “My name is Kelly. I'm from Canada. Where __2__ you from？” She waved a hand in front of my

，” I said as I shook her hand unwillingly. Kelly kept talking to me. She

face.“China

was very thoughtful. When we __3__ (serve) drinks and meals, she made sure that I

had enough room in my seat. “I don't want to make you __

4__ (comfort) with my

elephant size！” she said sincerely. I couldn't help letting down my guard. As we

talked, I was surprised by her wise __5__ (word). She had read many books and was

very smart. I asked her if she ever thought about __6__ (lose) some weight. “Aren't

you worried about the diseases that come with being overweight？”“Not at all. I eat

t, the people

__7__ (health) food and walk regularly，” She said.“I believe in my hear

who get diseases are the ones who worry. You see advertisements from exercise centers

8__ (you)．’　

that read, ‘Free yourself from your extra baggage, so you are free to be __

You're free only __9__ you're comfortable with who you are！” I sudden ly realized

that Kelly was __10__ most beautiful and clever woman I had ever met in my life.

【解题导语】本文讲述了作者乘坐飞机时起初对旁边胖胖的女乘客没有好感。

后来她的热情及对生活的感悟让作者刮目相看。

1．felt考查时态。本处叙述的是发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故用

felt。

2．are考查时态和主谓一致。本处“你来自哪里”是女乘客的问话，应用一般现

在时；根据主语you可知，应用are。

3．were served考查时态和语态。we与serve是逻辑上的动宾关系，且结合全文的时态可知，应用一般过去时的被动语态，故填were served。4．uncomfortable考查形容词。句意：我不想因为我的大块头让你不舒服。本

不舒服”作宾补。

处用形容词uncomfortable“

5．words考查名词。“她智慧的话语”，word为可数名词，故本处应用名词复数形式。

6．losing考查动名词。介词about后接动名词，故填losing。

7．healthy/healthful考查形容词。“（

有益于)健康的食物”，本处用形容词healthy/healthful作定语修饰名词food。

8．yourself考查反身代词。“你会自由做你自己”，根据主语you可知，应用反身代词yourself。

9．if/when考查连词。句意：如果/当你对自己感到舒服，你才是自由的。故本处应用连词if/when。

10．the考查冠词。“最美丽最聪明的女子”，本处应用定冠词the修饰形容词的最高级。

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广东高考英语语法填空专题训练语法填空（每篇共10小题；每小题1.5分，每篇满分15分） 阅读下面短文，根据上下文填入适当的词语，或使用括号中的词语的适当形式填空， 并将答案填写在答题卡上标号为1—10的相应位置。 Passage (1) Cars are too expensive for many people around the world to own. Not only that, many cities are already full of traffic, and many country areas have rough roads. So 1 do people travel those distances that are too far to walk? They use public transportation. If you ride the subway or bus 2 you live, you can appreciate some of the benefits of public transportation. With many people 3 (share) one bus or train, there is less traffic and, more 4 （importance）, less pollution. Which of the types of mass transit 5 (describe) below are you familiar with? If a regular bus can hold dozens of people, imagine what a bus 6 (two) the size can hold! In Great Britain, there are many buses that are known as double-deckers (cars with two floors). Buses in Haiti are often very crowded. It’s not 7 (common) for passengers to actually sit on the rooftops. Buses are sometimes called “tap-taps”, because the 8 (ride) on the roof tap（敲击）when they want to be dropped off. Many large cities around the world take advantage of the space beneath the streets and run underground trains. People in Paris, Mexico City and Tokyo may use the subway system to get to school, to work, or to visit friends in other 9 (neighbor). Both the Japanese and French have developed High-speed trains to link various cities. While electric trains in North America average 130 kph, the French TGV (high-speed-train) is the world’s fastest, 10 (average) over 270 kph! Passage (2) Australia, the last continent, was discovered by ships 1 (belong) to some European nations in the seventeenth century. These nations were 2 (little) interested in changing it into a colony than in 3 (explore) it. As in the early history of the United States, it was the English 4 set up the settlements in Australia. This history and the geography of these two British colonies have some other things in common as well. Australia and the United States are about the same in size, and their western lands are both not rich 5 soil. It was on the eastern coast of Australia and America that the English first settled, and both colonies soon began to develop towards the west. However, this westward 6 (move) took place 7 because the English were searching for better land than the population was increasing. Settlements of the west part of both countries developed quickly after gold 8 (discover) in America in 1849 and in Australia two years later. Although the development of these two countries has a lot in common, there are some 9 (strike) differences as well. The United States gained its independence from England by revolution while Australia won its independence without having to go to war. Australia, 10 (like) the United States, was firstly turned into a colony by English prisoners and its economic development was in wheat growing and sheep raising. By 1922, for example, Australia had fifteen times more sheep than it had people or almost half as many sheep as there are people today in the United States. Australia and the United States have more in common with each other than either one has with most of the rest of the world.

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上海高考英语语法填空解题技巧 上海高考英语学科改革，推出语法填空新题型．这种题型能全面检测学生在英语词汇、语法，甚2014至是句法上的运用能力，能更科学地反映学生的英语综合水平。本题型分两种情况：一种为已给单词提示，一种为不给单词提示。本人就这种题型进行了分析，总结出十条语法填空的解题技巧。 一、已给单词提示题型的技巧：此类题可以考查学生对代词、动词、形容词等形式变化的掌握程度。 技巧一：，时态、语态、语气、情态动词)动词形式变化。动词的形式变化比较多，有谓语的变化(。学生复习时需要花一定的功夫对动词部分的语法不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词)有非谓语的变化( 知识进行一次全面复习。1：例是整句的谓语，所以横线所在的动．句中的is (give)tomorrow is written by Professor ZhangA talk 动作的承受可以看出，报告是“将来”作的，故用不定式；且报告是give词应当用作非谓语。从tomorrow to be given。者，故可以判断出横线所在处用give的不定式被动式—— ：考点聚焦知识体系 时态：考纲要求的11 种时态 谓语动词语态：主动语态和被动语态be+过去分词 动词情态动词 动词不定式一般式、进行式、完成式主动与被动 非谓语动词动名词一般式、完成式主动与被动 现在分词一般式、完成式主动与被动 分词 过去分词 技巧二：代词形式变化。代词形式变化通常是与人称变化有关的三大类五小类，即人称代词(主格和宾格)、物主代词(形容词性和名词性)、反身代词。另外还有几个不定代词的形式变化，如no one／none、other／another等。 例2：The king decided to see the painter by (he)． 由介词by可以看出，横线处应填反身代词himself。 考点聚焦知识体系