with的复合结构
with的复合结构精华知识
一. with复合结构的构成
1. with+宾语+名词
He died with his daughter yet a school girl. 他死的时候，他的女儿还是个学生。
2. with+宾语+形容词
He used to sleep with all the windows open. 他过去常常开着窗子睡觉。
She lay in bed with her face pale. 她躺在床上，脸色苍白。
3. with+宾语+副词
The girl fell asleep with the light on. 那位女孩睡着了，灯还亮着。
Her mother sat in an armchair with her head down. 她母亲坐在椅子上，头低着。Anderson was lying on the bed with all his clothes on.
4. with+宾语+不定式(不定式做宾补有“将来”的含义)
I can’t go out with these clothes to wash. 因为这些衣服要洗，我不能出去。
I had to go to bed with nothing to do. 我没有事可做，只好睡觉。
5. with+宾语+介词短语
He sat near the fire with his back to the door. 他坐在炉子旁，背朝着房门。The teacher came in with a book in his hand. 老师进来了，手里拿着本书。
He was asleep with his head on his arms.
6. with+宾语+现在分词(宾语与宾补之间是主动关系)
With the machine helping us, we could finish the work on time. 由于有机器的帮助，我们能按时完成任务。
She lives in the room with the light burning. 她住在亮着灯的那个房间里。With winter coming on, it’s time to buy warm clothes.
7. with+宾语+过去分词(宾语与宾补之间是被动关系)
With everything done, she went home. 做完一切事情以后，她回家了。
He lay on his back, with his teeth set and his eyes closed. 他仰卧着，咬着牙、闭着眼。
All the afternoon he worked with the door locked.
二. with复合结构作定语
She saw a brook with red flowers and green grass on both sides.
她看到一条两岸长着红花、绿草的小溪。The woman with a baby in her arms is Tom”s aunt.
抱着小孩的那位妇女是汤姆的姑姑。
The city lies in a valley with high mountains around it.
这位城市位于一个由高山环抱的山谷中。Any man with eyes in his head can see that he”s exactly like a rope.
任何头上长了眼睛的人都会看出他十足像一条绳子
（1）There was a letter for Lanny with a Swiss stamp on it.（作定语修饰letter）（2）It was a vast stretch of country with cities in the distance.（作定语修饰a stretch of country）
三. with复合结构作状语
1.表示伴随状况
She left the office with tears in her eyes. 她眼里含着泪，离开了办公室。
He was covered with a national flag with his face exposed.
一面国旗盖在他身上，脸露在外面。
2. 表示原因
With his key lost, he couldn”t get into the office.
由于钥匙丢了，他进不了办公室。
With the weather changed, we decided to put off the sports meet.
由于天气变化，我们决定推迟举行运动会3. 表示时间The children began to watch TV with the homework done.
孩子们完成作业以后开始看电视。
The meeting was over with the problem settled.
问题解决以后，会议结束了。
4. 表示条件
I’d like to see the new film with time permitting.
如果时间许可，我想看那部新电影。
We will have an outing tomorrow with weather fine.
如果明天天气好的话，我们要去郊游。
5. 表示结果
The battle ended with the enemy defeated.
战斗结束了，敌人被打败了。
They have finished the peace talks with the agreements reached.
他们结束了和谈，达成了协议。
With的复合结构零碎知识
with结构是许多英语复合结构中最常用的一种。学好它对学好复合宾语结构、不定式复合结构、动名词复合结构和独立主格结构均能起很重要的作用。本文就此的构成、特点及用法等作一较全面阐述，以帮助同学们掌握这一重要的语法知识。
一、with结构的构成
它是由介词with或without+复合结构构成，复合结构作介词with或without的复合宾语，复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词或代词
充当，第二部分补足语由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式或分词充当，分词可以是现在分词，也可以是过去分词。With结构构成方式如下：
1. with或without-名词/代词+形容词；
2. with或without-名词/代词+副词；
3. with或without-名词/代词+介词短语；
4. with或without-名词/代词+动词不定式；
5. with或without-名词/代词+分词。
即with+宾语+宾补
有这些词和短语可以做宾补：1、形容词2、副词3、介词短语4、现在分词5过去分词6、不定式
with the window closed(closed为形容词) with the light on
with a book in her hand
with a cat lying in her arms
with the problem solved
with the new term to begin
二、With的复合结构作独立主格（重点哦）
表伴随时，既可用分词的独立结构，也可用with的复合结构。
with +名词(代词)+现在分词/过去分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语
举例: He stood there, his hand raised.
= He stood there, with his hand raise.
典型例题
The murder was brought in, with his hands ___ behind his back。
A. being tied
B. having tied
C. to be tied
D. tied
答案D. with +名词（代词）+分词+介词短语结构。当分词表示伴随状况时，其主语常常用with来引导。由于本句中名词"手"与分词"绑"是被动关系，因此用过去分词，选D.
注意:
1) 独立主格结构使用介词的问题：
当介词是in时，其前后的两个名词均不加任何成分（如物主代词或冠词），也不用复数。但with 的复合结构不受此限制
A robber burst into the room, knife in hand.
( hand前不能加his)。
2) 当表人体部位的词做逻辑主语时，及物动词用现在分词，不及物动词用过去分词。He lay there, his teeth set, his hand clenched, his eyes looking straight up.
典型例题：
Weather___, we'll go out for a walk.
A permitted
B permitting
C permits
D for permitting
答案B. 本题中没有连词，它不是复合句，也不是并列句。句中使用了逗号，且we 小写，可知其不是两个简单句。能够这样使用的只有独立主格或with的复合结构。据此判断，本句中使用的是独立结构，其结构为：名词+分词。由于permit在这里翻译为'天气允许'，表主动，应用现在分词，故选B。
如果不会判断独立结构作状语的形式，不妨将句子改为条件句，例如本句改为If weather permits, we'll go out for a walk. 然后将if 去掉，再将谓语动词改为非谓语动词即可。
三、with sth to do是主动形式表被动含义
With so many problems to settle, the new manager was too worried to eat anything. 为什么这里不用to be settled啊，为什么不
是被动啊
这一题主要考查的是介词with所构成的复合结构，但同时又考查动词不定式的用法。
有两种解释，
1.本来with的复合结构中用不定式，就可以用to do表被动和将来的意义，不用to be done。
2.因为settle的逻辑主语the new manager 在这个句子中出现了，所以就可以用to do 表被动。比如Do you have anything to be bought? 这里就表示不是you你买，而是我或者他人帮你买，Do you have anything to buy? 这里就表示你买。
在英语中，如果在句子中能找到动词不定式的逻辑主语动词不定式往往用主动式而不用被动式；若在句子中找不到动词不定式的逻辑主语就用不定式的被动式。在这个句子中，很明显能够找到动词不定式的逻辑主语（the manager),所以不定式用主动式不用被动式。
四、表示将要发生的事
With much homework to do,he will not play football with his friends this afternoon. 五、拓展find的复合结构
1. find +宾语+现在分词
She found a wallet lying on the ground.
她发现一只钱包在地上。
If slaves were found living together secretly they were cruelly whipped.
如果奴隶们被发现私自同居，就会受到残酷鞭打。
For most of the day he can still be found working somewhere in the plant.
白天大部分时间人们还发现他在厂里某个地方工作。
He was heartened to find the people living better than ever before.
看到人民生活比过去任何时候都好，他由衷地感到高兴。
2. find +宾语+过去分词
He found the place much changed.
他发现这地方有了巨大的变化。
We found her quite recovered.
我们发现她已完全痊愈。
They found the street lined with people.
他们发现大街两侧都站着人。
Two of the windows were found broken. 发现有两扇玻璃窗被打破了。
Both doors were found locked.
发现两扇门都被锁上了。
3. find +（宾语）+形容词
She was found alone in the room.
发现她一个人在屋里。
He was found dead in the morning.
早上人们发现他已经死了。
I find idioms and useful expressions hard to learn.
我发现习语和有用的短语很难学。
Have you found anything wrong in the article?
文章中你已经发现什么错误了吗？
Which do you find hardest，listening,
speaking, reading or writing?
你觉得听、说、读、写哪一方面最难？
4. find +宾语+副词
I”m so glad I found you in.
发现你在家我真高兴。
He hurried there, but found them all out. 他赶到那里，却发现大家都出去了。
How do find the dish?
你觉得这个菜怎么样？
When the enemy got to the village, they found nobody about.
当敌人进村时发现一个人都不在了。
5. find +宾语+介词短语
They found him already in the care of a doctor.
他们发现已经有一位大夫在照顾他了。
We have gone over the contract and found everything in order.
合同我们已经看过，感到没有问题。
An old worker was found in possession of the papers.
这些文件被发现保存在一位老工人手里。6. find +宾语+名词
You will find it a difficult book.
你将发现这是一本难懂的书。
You will find it a delightful place to stay.
你会发现这是个令人愉快的地方。
We all find him a very sensible man. 我们都发现他是个很有头脑的人。
7. find +宾语+to be
This method was found to be practicable. 大家发现这方法很可行。
He measured the cloth and found it to be the exact size.
他量了一下布，发现大小正好合适。
I found him to be unassuming and easy to get along with.
我发现他没有架子，很好相处。
注：在find +宾语+to be…这一结构中，to be常可省略。
独立主格结构
独立主格结构是由一个相当于主语的名词或代词加上非谓语动词、形容词（副）词、或介词短语构成的一种独立成分。该结构不是句子，也不是从句，所以它内部的动词不能考虑其时态、人称和数的变化，它与其主句之间既不能通过并列连词连接也不能有从句引导词引导，常用逗号与其主句隔开。独立主格结构在很多情况下可以转化为相应的状语从句或其他状语形式，但很多时候不能转化为分词形式，因为它内部动词的逻辑主语与主句主语不一致。在做这类题目时一定要小心判断，不能粗心大意。
一、独立主格结构的构成形式
独立主格结构的构成方式为：名词普通格或代词主格＋现在分词／过去分词／不定式／名词／形容词／副词／介词短语等。使用独立主格结构是因为出现了与句子主语不一致的情况。
1．名词或代词＋现在分词
现在分词表示前面的名词或代词主动进行的动作或状态。如：
The man lay there, his hands trembling. 那个男子躺在那儿，双手在颤抖。
有时，现在分词being或having been在独立主格结构中可以省略。如：
The weather (being) fine,we decided to go swimming.
天气晴朗，我们决定去游泳。
2．名词或代词＋过去分词
过去分词表示前面的名词或代词被动完成的动作。如：
The girl sat there silent,her head bent low. 这姑娘一声不响，低着头坐在那里。
All things considered, her paper is of greater value than yours.
各方面考虑起来，她的论文比你的论文更要有价值一些。
3．名词或代词＋不定式（短语）
不定式表示将来的动作。如：
He suggested going for a picnic,Mary to provide the food. 他建议去野餐，由玛丽负责提供食物。Time is pressing, two hours to go only.
时间紧迫，只剩两个小时了。
4．名词或代词＋名词（短语）如：Many people joined in the work, some of them women and children.
许多人参加了这项工作，其中一些人是妇女和儿童。
5．名词或代词＋形容词（短语）
形容词（短语）说明前面名词或代词的性质或状态。如：
The floor wet, we had to stay outside for a while.
地面很湿，我们只好在外面呆一会儿。6．名词或代词＋副词
副词也多是说明前面名词或代词的状态。如：
The meeting over, we all went home.
会议结束了，我们都回家了。
7．名词或代词＋介词短语如：
The teacher came in, a book in his hand. 老师进来了，手里拿着一本书。
有时，独立主格结构中名词前面的定语可以省略。如：
The boy lay silently on the grass, (his) eyes closed.
A girl was walking in the street, (a) flower in (her) hand.
二独立主格结构的作用
1．作状语
1）表示时间如：
Her homework done (=After her homework was done),Lucy decided to go shopping.
2）表示原因如：
There being no buses (Because there were no buses),we had to walk home.
3）表示条件如：
Weather permitting (If weather permits), we will go to play football.
4）表示方式或伴随如：
He rushed into the room, his face covered with sweat.
2．作同位语如：
There are two doors, one leading to the bedroom, the other (leading) to the kitchen.
三独立主格前面有时可以加上介词with或without，构成介词的复合结构。这种结构在句中主要用作状语，也可用作定语。如：He stood on the deck with his hand waving to us.（状语）
他站在甲板上向我们频频挥手。
He went out without a hat on his head.（状语）
他头上没戴帽子就出去了。Do you know the girl with a bag on her back?（定语）
你认识那个后背上背包的女孩吗？With的复合结构练习题
练习1 选择
1)With nothing_______to burn，the fire became weak and finally died out.
A.leaving
B.left
C.leave
D.to leave
2)The girl sat there quite silent and still with her eyes_______on the wall.
A.fixing
B.fixed
C.to be fixing
D.to be fixed
3)I live in the house with its
door_________to the south.(这里with 结构作定语) A.facing B.faces C.faced
D.being faced
4)They pretended to be working hard all night with their lights____.
A.burn
B.burnt
C.burning
D.to burn 练习2：用with复合结构完成下列句子
1)_____________(有很多工作要做)，I couldn't go to see the doctor.
2)She sat__________(低着头).
3)The day was bright_____.(微风吹拂)
4)_________________________，(心存梦想)he went to Hollywood.
练习3：把下列句子中的划线部分改写成with复合结构。
1)Because our lessons were over，we went to play football.
2)The children came running towards us and held some flowers in their hands.
3)My mother is ill，so I won't be able to go on holiday.
4)An exam will be held tomorrow，so I couldn't go to the cinema tonight.
答案及分析
答案（练习1）：
1)答案是B。with的宾语nothing和动词leave是被动关系，所以用过去分词形式作宾语补足语。
2)答案是B。短语fix one's eyes on sth是“盯着……看”的意思，所以句中hereyes和动词fix是被动关系，所以用过去分词。
3)答案是A。face“朝、向”，是不及物动词，所以和itsdoor是主动关系，所以用现在分词形式。4)答案是C。burn“点燃、发亮、发光”，是不及物动词，所以和theirlights
是主动关系，所以用现在分词。
答案(练习2)：
1)With a lot of work to do
2)with her head bent
3)with a fresh breeze blowing
4)With a dream in heart
答案(练习3)：
1)With our lessons over，we went to play football.
2)The children came running
towards us with the flowers in
their hands.
3)With my mother being will，I
won't be able to go on holiday. 4)With the exam to be held tomorrow，I couldn't go to the cinema tonight.
With引导的独立主格结构分析
with独立主格结构是英语中一种重要的句法现象，在句子结构方面具有相对独立的特点。多年来也一直是命题的热点、重点，因此应该引起我们的高度重视。众所周知，with引导的独立主格结构非常活跃，虽然它在句子中只作状语，但是可以表示伴随、方式、原因、结果等各种复杂的情况。现将with引导的独立主格结构总结如下。
一、句法结构
1． with ＋名词（代词）＋介词短语
He sat there thinking, with his chin on his hand．
他手托下巴，坐在那儿沉思。
The old man stood there, with his back against the
wall．
那位老人背倚着墙站在那里。
Mary was sitting near the fire, with her back
towards the door．
玛丽*近火炉坐着，背对着门。
2． with ＋名词（代词）＋形容词He stared at his friend with his mouth wide open．
他张大嘴巴凝视着他的朋友。
The man raised his head with eyes full of wonder and
mystery．
这人抬起头来，眼里充满了好奇。
He stood there trembling, with his face red with
cold．
他站在那儿瑟瑟发抖，脸都冻红了。3． with ＋名词（代词）＋副词
With production up by 60％, the company has had
another excellent year．
产量上升了60％, 公司又是一个好年景。
The stupid Emperor walked in the procession with
nothing on．
这位愚蠢的皇帝一丝不挂地行进在游行队伍中。
The naughty boy stood before his teacher with his
head down．
这个淘气的男孩低着头站在老师面前。
He put on his socks with the wrong side out．
他把袜子穿反了。
4． with ＋名词（代词）＋名词
She used to sit reading in the evening with her pet
dog her only companion．
她从前总爱在晚上坐着看书，她的宠物狗便是她唯一的伙伴。
He died with his daughter yet a schoolgirl．
他去世的时候，女儿还是个中学生。5． with ＋名词（代词）＋现在分词She stood there chatting with her friend, with her
child playing beside her．
她站在那儿跟朋友闲聊，孩子在旁边玩。
With you helping me whenever I’m in trouble, I feel
very obliged to you．
无论我什么时候遇到困难你总是帮助我，真是太感激你了。
6． with ＋名词（代词）＋过去分词“I think we can leave with our heads held high,”
Eriksson said．“We came out of the toughest group, beat
Argentina, beat Denmark in a convincing way．”
“我认为我们可以高昂着头离开，”艾里克松说。“我们来自死亡之组，以一种令人信服的方式击败了阿根廷，击败了丹麦。”
The goalkeeper left Japan with his flaws laid bare．
这位守门员离开了日本，而他的缺点却暴露无遗。
7． with ＋名词（代词）＋不定式With 10 minutes to go, you’d better hurry．
还有十分钟，你最好快一点。
With you to lead us, our group is sure to succeed．
有你领导我们，我们组肯定能成功。
二、句法功能
【作状语】 with独立主格结构主要用作状语，可以表示伴随、方式、原因、时间等。
例８ With Mary to help him, he is sure to succeed.
有玛丽的帮助，他一定能成功。
【作定语】主要是用作后置定语。
例９ The girl reached a river bank with so many flowers on both banks. 这个女孩来到了两岸开满鲜花的河边。
三、句法关系
【主表关系】主表关系这种关系主要是由with独立主格结构中的名词和其后的形容词、副词以及介词短语构成。
例１０ Mother looked at me with tears in her eyes.
妈妈眼含泪水看着我。
【主谓关系】这种关系主要是由with 独立主格结构中的名词和其后的现在分词构成。
例１１ With night coming on, we started for home.
夜幕降临，我们动身回家。
例１２ The boy lay on the grass, with his eyes looking at the sky. 小男孩躺在草地上，两眼望着天空。【动宾关系】这种关系主要是由with 独立主格结构中的名词和其后的过去分词及动词不定式构成的，前者表示“被动、完成”，后者表示“未做、待做”。
例１３ With so much work to do, we had to sit up through the night. 有这么多工作要做，我们不得不彻夜不眠。
四、句法省略
【省略特征】 with独立主格结构中的省略主要是指在“with + n + 介词短语”结构中的省略，其特点是省去with及介词短语中的名词修饰词，也就是：“n + 介词+ n”。
例１４ She ran to the hero, flowers in hand.
她手里拿着鲜花跑向这位英雄。
with的复合结构
基本用法 它是由介词with或without+复合结构构成，复合结构作介词with或without的复合宾语，复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词或代词充当，第二部分补足语由形容词、副词、介词短语或非谓语动词充当 一、with或without+名词/代词+形容词 例句:1.I like to sleep with the windows open. 我喜欢把窗户开着睡觉。(伴随情况) 2.With the weather so close and stuffy, ten to one it'll rain presently. 大气这样闷，十之八九要下雨(原因状语) 二、with或without+名词/代词+副词 例句:1.She left the room with all the lights on. 她离开了房间，灯还亮着。(伴随情况) 2.The boy stood there with his head down. 这个男孩低头站在那儿。(伴随情况) 三、with或without+名词/代词+介词短语 例句:1.He walked into the dark street with a stick in his hand. 他走进黑暗的街道时手里拿着根棍子。(伴随情况) 2. With the children at school, we can't take our vacation when we want to. 由于孩子们在上学，所以当我们想度假时而不能去度假。(原因状语) 四、with或without+名词/代词+非谓语动词 1、with或without+名词/代词+动词不定式，此时，不定式表示将发生的动作。 例句: 1.With no one to talk to, John felt miserable. 由于没人可以说话的人，约翰感到很悲哀。(原因状语)
with复合结构专项练习96126
with复合结构专项练习（二） 一请选择最佳答案 1）With nothing_______to burn，the fire became weak and finally died out. A.leaving B.left C.leave D.to leave 2）The girl sat there quite silent and still with her eyes_______on the wall. A.fixing B.fixed C.to be fixing D.to be fixed 3）I live in the house with its door_________to the south.（这里with结构作定语） A.facing B.faces C.faced D.being faced 4）They pretended to be working hard all night with their lights____. A.burn B.burnt C.burning D.to burn 二：用with复合结构完成下列句子 1）_____________（有很多工作要做），I couldn't go to see the doctor. 2）She sat__________（低着头）。 3）The day was bright_____.（微风吹拂） 4）_________________________，（心存梦想）he went to Hollywood. 三把下列句子中的划线部分改写成with复合结构。 1）Because our lessons were over，we went to play football. _____________________________. 2）The children came running towards us and held some flowers in their hands. _____________________________. 3）My mother is ill，so I won't be able to go on holiday. _____________________________. 4）An exam will be held tomorrow，so I couldn't go to the cinema tonight. _____________________________.
(完整版)with的复合结构用法及练习
with复合结构 一. with复合结构的常见形式 1.“with+名词/代词+介词短语”。 The man was walking on the street, with a book under his arm. 那人在街上走着，腋下夹着一本书。 2. “with+名词/代词+形容词”。 With the weather so close and stuffy, ten to one it’ll rain presently. 天气这么闷热，十之八九要下雨。 3. “with+名词/代词+副词”。 The square looks more beautiful than even with all the light on. 所有的灯亮起来，广场看起来更美。 4. “with+名词/代词+名词”。 He left home, with his wife a hopeless soul. 他走了，妻子十分伤心。 5. “with+名词/代词+done”。此结构过去分词和宾语是被动关系，表示动作已经完成。 With this problem solved, neomycin 1 is now in regular production. 随着这个问题的解决，新霉素一号现在已经正式产生。 6. “with+名词/代词+-ing分词”。此结构强调名词是-ing分词的动作的发出者或某动作、状态正在进行。 He felt more uneasy with the whole class staring at him. 全班同学看着他，他感到更不自然了。 7. “with+宾语+to do”。此结构中，不定式和宾语是被动关系，表示尚未发生的动作。 So in the afternoon, with nothing to do, I went on a round of the bookshops. 由于下午无事可做，我就去书店转了转。 二. with复合结构的句法功能 1. with 复合结构，在句中表状态或说明背景情况，常做伴随、方式、原因、条件等状语。With machinery to do all the work, they will soon have got in the crops. 由于所有的工作都是由机器进行，他们将很快收完庄稼。（原因状语） The boy always sleeps with his head on the arm. 这个孩子总是头枕着胳膊睡觉。（伴随状语）The soldier had him stand with his back to his father. 士兵要他背对着他父亲站着。（方式状语）With spring coming on, trees turn green. 春天到了，树变绿了。（时间状语） 2. with 复合结构可以作定语 Anyone with its eyes in his head can see it’s exactly like a rope. 任何一个头上长着眼睛的人都能看出它完全像一条绳子。 【高考链接】 1. ___two exams to worry about, I have to work really hard this weekend.（04北京） A. With B. Besides C. As for D. Because of 【解析】A。“with+宾语+不定式”作状语，表示原因。 2. It was a pity that the great writer died, ______his works unfinished. (04福建) A. for B. with C. from D.of 【解析】B。“with+宾语+过去分词”在句中作状语，表示状态。 3._____production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year. (NMET) A. As B.For C. With D.Through 【解析】C。“with+宾语+副词”在句中作状语，表示程度。
With的用法全解
With的用法全解 with结构是许多英语复合结构中最常用的一种。学好它对学好复合宾语结构、不定式复合结构、动名词复合结构和独立主格结构均能起很重要的作用。本文就此的构成、特点及用法等作一较全面阐述，以帮助同学们掌握这一重要的语法知识。 一、 with结构的构成 它是由介词with或without+复合结构构成，复合结构作介词with或without的复合宾语，复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词或代词充当，第二部分补足语由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式或分词充当，分词可以是现在分词，也可以是过去分词。With结构构成方式如下： 1. with或without-名词/代词+形容词； 2. with或without-名词/代词+副词； 3. with或without-名词/代词+介词短语； 4. with或without-名词/代词 +动词不定式； 5. with或without-名词/代词 +分词。 下面分别举例： 1、 She came into the room，with her nose red because of cold.（with+名词+形容词，作伴随状语）
2、 With the meal over ， we all went home.（with+名词+副词，作时间状语） 3、The master was walking up and down with the ruler under his arm。（with+名词+介词短语，作伴随状语。） The teacher entered the classroom with a book in his hand. 4、He lay in the dark empty house，with not a man ，woman or child to say he was kind to me.（with+名词+不定式，作伴随状语）He could not finish it without me to help him.（without+代词 +不定式，作条件状语） 5、She fell asleep with the light burning.（with+名词+现在分词，作伴随状语） Without anything left in the with结构是许多英 语复合结构中最常用的一种。学好它对学好复合宾语结构、不定式复合结构、动名词复合结构和独立主格结构均能起很重要的作用。本文就此的构成、特点及用法等作一较全面阐述，以帮助同学们掌握这一重要的语法知识。 二、with结构的用法 with是介词，其意义颇多，一时难掌握。为帮助大家理清头绪，以教材中的句子为例，进行分类，并配以简单的解释。在句子中with结构多数充当状语，表示行为方式，伴随情况、时间、原因或条件（详见上述例句）。 1.带着，牵着…… (表动作特征)。如： Run with the kite like this.
With复合结构的用法小结
With复合结构的用法小结 with结构是许多英语复合结构中最常用的一种。学好它对学好复合宾语结构、不定式复合结构、动名词复合结构和独立主格结构均能起很重要的作用。本文就此的构成、特点及用法等作一较全面阐述，以帮助同学们掌握这一重要的语法知识。 一、with结构的构成 它是由介词with或without+复合结构构成，复合结构作介词with或without的复合宾语，复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词或代词充当，第二 部分补足语由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式或分词充当，分词可以是现在分词，也可以是过去分词。With结构构成方式如下： 1. with或without-名词/代词+形容词； 2. with或without-名词/代词+副词； 3. with或without-名词/代词+介词短语； 4. with或without-名词/代词+动词不定式； 5. with或without-名词/代词+分词。 下面分别举例： 1、She came into the room，with her nose red because of cold.（with+名词+形容词，作伴随状语） 2、With the meal over ，we all went home.（with+名词+副词，作时间状语） 3、The master was walking up and down with the ruler under his arm。（with+名词+介词短语，作伴随状语。）The teacher entered the classroom with a book in his hand. 4、He lay in the dark empty house，with not a man ，woman or child to say he was kind to me.（with+名词+不定式，作伴随状语）He could not finish it without me to help him.（without+代词+不定式，作条件状语） 5、She fell asleep with the light burning.（with+名词+现在分词，作伴随状语）Without anything left in the cupboard，shewent out to get something to eat.（without+代词+过去分词，作为原因状语） 二、with结构的用法 在句子中with结构多数充当状语，表示行为方式，伴随情况、时间、原因或条件（详见上述例句）。 With结构在句中也可以作定语。例如： 1.I like eating the mooncakes with eggs. 2.From space the earth looks like a huge water-covered globe with a few patches of land sticking out above the water. 3.A little boy with two of his front teeth missing ran into the house. 三、with结构的特点 1. with结构由介词with或without+复合结构构成。复合结构中第一部分与第二部分语法上是宾语和宾语补足语关系，而在逻辑上，却具有主谓关系，也就是说，可以用第一部分作主语，第二部分作谓语，构成一个句子。例如：With him taken care of，we felt quite relieved.（欣慰）→（He was taken good care of.）She fell asleep with the light burning. →（The light was burning.）With her hair gone，there could be no use for them. →（Her hair was gone.） 2. 在with结构中，第一部分为人称代词时，则该用宾格代词。例如：He could not finish it without me to help him. 四、几点说明： 1. with结构在句子中的位置：with 结构在句中作状语，表示时间、条件、原因时一般放在
with复合宾语的用法(20201118215048)
with+复合宾语的用法 一、with的复合结构的构成 二、所谓"with的复合结构”即是"with+复合宾语”也即"with +宾语+宾语补足语” 的结构。其中的宾语一般由名词充当（有时也可由代词充当）；而宾语补足语则是根据 具体的需要由形容词，副词、介词短语，分词短语（包括现在分词和过去分词）及不定式短语充当。下面结合例句就这一结构加以具体的说明。 三、1、with +宾语+形容词作宾补 四、①He slept well with all the windows open.（82 年高考题） 上面句子中形容词open作with的宾词all the windows的补足语， ②It' s impolite to talk with your mouth full of food. 形容词短语full of food 作宾补。Don't sleep with the window ope n in win ter 2、with+宾语+副词作宾补 with Joh n away, we have got more room. He was lying in bed with all his clothes on. ③Her baby is used to sleeping with the light on.句中的on 是副词，作宾语the light 的补足语。 ④The boy can t play with his father in.句中的副词in 作宾补。 3、with+宾语+介词短语。 we sat on the grass with our backs to the wall. his wife came dow n the stairs,with her baby in her arms. They stood with their arms round each other. With tears of joy in her eyes ,she saw her daughter married. ⑤She saw a brook with red flowers and green grass on both sides. 句中介词短语on both sides 作宾语red flowersandgreen grass 的宾补， ⑥There were rows of white houses with trees in front of them.，介词短语in front of them 作宾补。 4、with+宾词+分词（短语 这一结构中作宾补用的分词有两种，一是现在分词，二是过去分词，一般来说，当分词所表 示的动作跟其前面的宾语之间存在主动关系则用现在分词，若是被动关系，则用过去分词。 ⑦In parts of Asia you must not sit with your feet pointing at another person.（高一第十课），句中用现在分词pointing at…作宾语your feet的补足语，是因它们之间存在主动关系，或者说point 这一动作是your feet发出的。 All the after noon he worked with the door locked. She sat with her head bent. She did not an swer, with her eyes still fixed on the wall. The day was bright,with a fresh breeze（微风）blowing. I won't be able to go on holiday with my mother being ill. With win ter coming on ,it is time to buy warm clothes. He soon fell asleep with the light still bur ning. ⑧From space the earth looks like ahuge water covered globe,with a few patches of land stuk ing out above the water而在下面句子中因with的宾语跟其宾补之间存在被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补：
With_复合结构详解
介词With 复合结构讲解及练习 with复合结构的作用：with复合结构在句子中作状语，表示原因、时间、条件、伴随、方式等. 1）We sat on the dry grass with our backs to the wall.（作伴随状语） 2）She could not leave with her painful duty unfulfilled.（作原因状语） 3）He lay in bed with his head covered.（作方式状语） 4）Jack soon fell asleep with the light still burning.（作伴随状语） 5）I won't be able to go on holiday with my mother being ill.（作原因状语） 6）He sat with his arms clasped around his knees.（作方式状语） 注：with复合结构在句子中还可以作定语，阅读下面的句子。 1）There was a letter for Lanny with a Swiss stamp on it.（作定语修饰letter） 2）It was a vast stretch of country with cities in the distance.（作定语修饰a stretch of country）1) with +宾语+ 现在（短分词语） When mother went into the house, she found her baby was sleeping in bed, with his lips moving. 当妈妈走进房子的时候，她发现自己的孩子正睡在床上，嘴唇一直在动。 My aunt lives in the room with the windows facing south. 我姑妈住在那间窗户朝南开的房间。 With winter coming on，it's time to buy warm clothes 2)with +宾语+ 过去分词（短语） With more and more forests damaged ,some animals and plants are facing the danger of dying out. 由于越来越多的森林遭到破坏，一些动植物正面临着灭绝的危险。 With his legs broken, he had to lie in bed for a long time. 他双腿都断了，只得长时间躺在床上。 3) with +宾语+ 不定式（短语） * With so many children to look after, the nurse is busy all the time. 有这么多的孩子需要照顾，保育员一直都很忙。 *With a lot of papers to correct, M r. Li didn’t attend the party. 李老师有许多试卷需要批改，所以没有参加聚会。 4) with +宾语+ 副词 * You should read with the radio off. 在看书的时候应该把收音机关掉。 * With the temperature up, we had to open all the windows. 气温上升，我们不得不打开所有的窗户。 5) with +宾语+形容词 *With the window open, I felt a bit cold. 窗户开着，我感到有点冷。 * It was cold outside , the boy ran into the room with his nose red. 外面天气很冷，那个男孩跑进了屋子时，鼻子红红的。 6) with +宾语+ 介词短语 * The woman with a baby in her arms is getting on the bus. 怀里抱着婴儿的那位妇女正在上车。 * John starts to work very clearly in the morning and goes on working until late in the afternoon with a break at midday . 约翰早上开始工作，中午稍作休息后又接着工作到下午稍晚些时候。
with 的复合结构
with without 引导的独立主格结构 介词with without +宾语+宾语的补足语可以构成独立主格结构，上面讨论过的独立主格结构的几种情况在此结构中都能体现。 A．with+名词代词+形容词 He doesn’t like to sleep with the windows open. 他不喜欢开着窗子睡觉。 = He doesn’t like to sleep when the windows are open. He stood in the rain, with his clothes wet. 他站在雨中，衣服湿透了。 = He stood in the rain, and his clothes were wet. 注意： 在“with+名词代词+形容词”构成的独立主格结构中，也可用已形容词化的-ing 形式或-ed形式。 With his son so disappointing，the old man felt unhappy. 由于儿子如此令人失望,老人感到很不快乐。 With his father well-known, the boy didn’t want to study. 父亲如此出名，儿子不想读书。 B．with+名词代词+副词 Our school looks even more beautiful with all the lights on. 所有的灯都打开时，我们的学校看上去更美。 = Our school looks even more beautiful if when all the lights are on. The boy was walking, with his father ahead. 父亲在前，小孩在后走着。 = The boy was walking and his father was ahead. C．with+名词代词+介词短语 He stood at the door, with a computer in his hand. 或 He stood at the door, computer in hand. 他站在门口，手里拿着一部电脑。 = He stood at the door, and a computer was in his hand. Vincent sat at the desk, with a pen in his mouth. 或 Vincent sat at the desk, pen in mouth. 文森特坐在课桌前，嘴里衔着一支笔。 = Vincent sat at the desk, and he had a pen in his mouth. D．with+名词代词+动词的-ed形式 With his homework done, Peter went out to play. 作业做好了，彼得出去玩了。 = When his homework was done, Peter went out to play. With the signal given, the train started. 信号发出了，火车开始起动了。 = After the signal was given, the train started. I wouldn’t dare go home without the job finished. 工作还没完成，我不敢回家。 = I wouldn’t dare go home because the job was not finished.
with的复合结构用法小结
With 复合结构用法小结 “With + 复合结构”又称为“with结构”，在句中表状态或说明背景情况，常做伴随，方式，原因，条件等状语。具体结构如下： 1. With + 名词 + 介词短语? (1) He was asleep with his head on his arm. ? (2) The man came in with a whip in his hand. ? 在书面语中。上句也可以说成：The man came in, whip in hand. 2．with + 名词 + 形容词（强调名词的特性或状态）? (1)With the weather so close and stuffy, ten to one it'll rain presently.天气这么闷热，十之八九要下雨。? (2)He used to sleep with the windows open. 3. With + 名词 + 副词? (1)With John away, we've got more room. 约翰走了，我们的地方大了一些。? (2)The square looks more beautiful than ever with all the light on. 4. With + 名词 + -ed 分词（强调名词是 -ed分词动作的承受者或动作已经发生） ?(1)With this problem solved, neopenicillin 1 is now in regular production. 随着这个问题的解决，新霉素一号现在已正式生产。 ?(2)All the afternoon he worked with the door locked. 5. with + 名词 + -ing分词（强调名词是 -ing分词的动作的发出者或某动作，状态正在进行）? (1)I won’t be able to go on holiday with my mother being ill. ? (2)He felt more uneasy with the whole class staring at him. ? (3)With the field leveled and irrigation channels controlling the volume of water(水量), no such problem arose again. 6. with + 名词 + to do （不定式动作尚未发生）? (1)So in the afternoon, with nothing to do, I went on a round of the bookshops. 由于下午无事可做，我就去书店转了转。 ?(2)I can't go out with all these dishes to wash. 一、 with结构的构成 它是由介词with或without+复合结构构成，复合结构作介词with或without 的复合宾语，复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词或代词充当，第二部分补足语由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式或分词充当，分词可以是现在分词，也可以是过去分词。With结构构成方式如下： 1. with或without-名词/代词+形容词； 2. with或without-名词/代词+副词； 3. with或without-名词/代词+介词短语； 4. with或without-名词/代词 +动词不定式； 5. with或without-名词/代词 +分词。 下面分别举例： 1、 She came into the room，with her nose red because of cold.（with+名词+形容词，作伴随状语） 2、 With the meal over ， we all went home.（with+名词+副词，作时间状语） 3、The master was walking up and down with the ruler under his arm。（with+名词+介词短语，作伴随状语。） The teacher entered the classroom with a book in his hand. 4、He lay in the dark empty house，with not a man ，woman or child to say he was kind to me.（with+名词+不定式，作伴随状语） He could not finish it without me to help him.（without+代词 +不定式，作条件状语） 5、She fell asleep with the light burning.（with+名词+现在分词，作伴随状语） Without anything left in the with结构是许多英语复合结构中最
with的复合结构用法及练习
页眉内容 with复合结构 一. with复合结构的常见形式 1.“with+名词/代词+介词短语”。 The man was walking on the street, with a book under his arm. 那人在街上走着，腋下夹着一本书。 2. “with+名词/代词+形容词”。 With the weather so close and stuffy, ten to one it’ll rain presently. 天气这么闷热，十之八九要下雨。 3. “with+名词/代词+副词”。 The square looks more beautiful than even with all the light on. 所有的灯亮起来，广场看起来更美。 4. “with+名词/代词+名词”。 He left home, with his wife a hopeless soul. 他走了，妻子十分伤心。 5. “with+名词/代词+done”。此结构过去分词和宾语是被动关系，表示动作已经完成。 With this problem solved, neomycin 1 is now in regular production. 随着这个问题的解决，新霉素一号现在已经正式产生。 6. “with+名词/代词+-ing分词”。此结构强调名词是-ing分词的动作的发出者或某动作、状态正在进行。 He felt more uneasy with the whole class staring at him. 全班同学看着他，他感到更不自然了。7. “with+宾语+to do”。此结构中，不定式和宾语是被动关系，表示尚未发生的动作。 So in the afternoon, with nothing to do, I went on a round of the bookshops. 由于下午无事可做，我就去书店转了转。 二. with复合结构的句法功能 1. with 复合结构，在句中表状态或说明背景情况，常做伴随、方式、原因、条件等状语。With machinery to do all the work, they will soon have got in the crops. 由于所有的工作都是由机器进行，他们将很快收完庄稼。（原因状语） The boy always sleeps with his head on the arm. 这个孩子总是头枕着胳膊睡觉。（伴随状语）The soldier had him stand with his back to his father. 士兵要他背对着他父亲站着。（方式状语）With spring coming on, trees turn green. 春天到了，树变绿了。（时间状语） 2. with 复合结构可以作定语 Anyone with its eyes in his head can see it’s exactly like a rope. 任何一个头上长着眼睛的人都能看出它完全像一条绳子。 【高考链接】 1. ___two exams to worry about, I have to work really hard this weekend.（04北京） A. With B. Besides C. As for D. Because of 【解析】A。“with+宾语+不定式”作状语，表示原因。 2. It was a pity that the great writer died, ______his works unfinished. (04福建) A. for B. with C. from D.of 【解析】B。“with+宾语+过去分词”在句中作状语，表示状态。 3._____production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year. (NMET) A. As B.For C. With D.Through 【解析】C。“with+宾语+副词”在句中作状语，表示程度。
with的复合结构作状语
w i t h的复合结构作状语 The Standardization Office was revised on the afternoon of December 13, 2020
with的复合结构作状语： 1． With + 名词+ 现在分词；表主动. With time passing by, he almost forgot everything. ===As time passed by, he almost forgot everything. 随着时间的流逝，他几乎忘掉了一切。 2． With + 名词+ 过去分词；表被动， He sat on the chair, with his eyes closed. ===He sat on the chair, and his eyes was closed. 他坐在椅子上，双眼紧闭。 3． With + 名词 + to do ; 表将来。 The manager has been busy these days, with a lot of work to do. 经理最近一直很忙，有很多工作要做。 4． With + 名词+ 形容词; 表状态。 He stood in the rain, with his clothes wet. === He stood in the rain, and his clothes was wet. With his son so disappointing, the old man felt unhappy. ===Because his son was so disappointing, the old man felt unhappy. 5． With + 名词+ 副词；表状态. Our school looks even more beautiful, with all the lights on. ===Our school looks even more beautiful, if all the lights are on. 所有的灯都开着时，我们的学校看上去更美。 The boy was walking, with his father ahead. ==The boy was walking, and his father was ahead. 父亲在前，小孩在后走着。 6． With + 名词+ 介词短语；表状态. The teacher came into the classroom, with a book under his arms.
从高考题看with复合结构
从高考题看with复合结构 请看下面几道高考题：? 1. With no one to __________ in such a frightening situation，she felt very helpless．(2006年陕西卷)? A．turn to B．turn on C．turn off D．turn over? 2. I couldn’t do my homework with all that noise ________．(2005年北京卷)? A．going on B．goes on C．went on D．to go on? no way to reduce her pain and suffering from the terrible disease，the patient sought her doctor’s help to end her life．(2005年江西卷)? A．Having given up hope of cure B．With no hope for cure? C．There being hope for cure D．In the hope of cure? 解析：答案分别为A、A、B。 这三道题考查了“with / without + 宾语+ 宾语补足语”结构。这一结构被称为with复合结构。? with复合结构是高中阶段英语语法的一个难点。这个结构表示状态或说明背景情况。正确使用此结构，不但可以使句子简洁、明了，还可以增强语言表现力。下面就这个结构的构成及用法作一小结。? ? 一、with复合结构的构成? ? 1．with + 宾语+ 现在分词?doing表示主动或正在进行的动作 With so many people communicating in English every day，it will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English．有这么多人每天用英语交流，精通英语将会变得越来越重要。? The day was fine，with a flesh breeze blowing．天气晴朗，和风吹拂。? ? 2．with + 宾语+ 过去分词?done表示被动或完成了的动作 It was a pity that the great writer died with his works unfinished．遗憾的是那位大作家去世了，留下未完成的作品。? With the problem settled，we felt relieved．问题解决了，我们感到很轻松。? ? 3．with + 宾语+ 形容词?在句中常作状语 The students raised their heads with eyes full of curiosity．学生们抬起头，眼里充满了好奇。? With the weather so close and stuffy，ten to one it will rain．天气这么闷热，十有八九会下雨。? ? 4．with + 宾语+ 副词?在句中常作状语 The naughty boy stood before the teacher with his head down．那个淘气的男孩低着头站在老师面前。? Flames lighted up many parts of Vesuvius；their light scared people but my uncle told them that flames came from the homes of farmers who had left in a panic with the kitchen fires still on．火焰照亮了维苏威的许多地方；它们的亮光使人们恐惧不已。但我叔叔告诉他们说这火焰是从农夫的房子冒出来的，这些人在恐惧中离开，厨房的火都没熄。? ? 5．with + 宾语+ 介词短语?在句中常作定语或状语 The Nanshan was on her way from the south to Fuzhou，with Chinese workers on board，returning to their home villages in the province of Fujian．南山号行驶在从南方开往福州的路上，船上载有准备返回福建农村的中国工人们。? We human beings could not survive without all the plants and animals around us．没有周围的动物和植物，我们人类就无法生存。? ? 6．with + 宾语+ to do?to do表示将要发生的动作 The hurricane，with its power to sink ships and to destroy strong walls，had found this little ship in its path．飓风威力无比，它能使船只沉没、毁坏坚固的墙，它一路风驰电掣来到小船前。? With so many dishes to wash，I can not go with you．有这么多盘子要洗，我不能跟你一起去。? 7．with + 宾语+ 名词?在句中作定语或状语