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新编实用英语综合教程3_unit(1-7)翻译及部分汉语参考

新编实用英语综合教程3_unit(1-7)翻译及部分汉语参考
新编实用英语综合教程3_unit(1-7)翻译及部分汉语参考

Unit 1

Put in Use : Practice 1

Unit 1

1.她一家商店一家商店的看,最后以她能付出的价格买了她所需要的东西。

She shopped around till she got what she wanted at a price she could afford.

2.除了向我要东西,他从不跟我说话。

He never speaks to me other than to ask for something.

3.你永远应该以搞好你的工作为目的。

You should always aim at doing your job well.

4.几个星期来她一直呆在家中照顾有病的父亲。

She has been tied to the house for weeks looking after her invalid father.

5.修建这条路是为了缓解交通拥挤。

The route was designed to relieve traffic congestion.

6.社会是由形形色色的人组成的。有些人很好,有些人很坏,也有些人介乎两者之间。

Society is made up of a wide variety of people; some are good, others (are) bad, and still others (are) in between.

Unit 2

5

1.这个星期你每天都迟到,对此你如何解释?

How do you account for the fact that you've been late every day this week?

2.政府已经承诺改善落后地区人民的生活条件。

The government has committed itself to improving the life conditions of the people living in the underdeveloped areas.

3.据最新报道,这次火车交通事故造成多名乘客死亡。

According to the latest report, the train accident resulted in the death of several passengers.

4.多呼吸新鲜空气有助于身体健康。

Plenty of fresh air contributes to good health.

5.他试图竞争学校学生会主席,但是没有成功。

He attempted to compete for the position of chairman of the Students' Union, but he didn't get in / succeed.

6.经过一年辛勤的努力,公司本年度目标全部达成。

Throughout one-year industrious work, the company has achieved all its goals this year.

Unit 3

5.

1.盗贼从这家银行偷走了一大笔现金。

The thieves made off with a large sum of money from the bank.

2.高血压使千百万人有患心脏病的危险。

High blood pressure places millions of people at the risk of heart disease.

3.在做任何重要决定之前都要慎重思考。

Think twice before you make any important decisions.

4.非洲大陆的一大片区域有变成沙漠的危险。

A large part of the African continent is in danger of becoming a desert.

5.他从来没有给我提出过解决问题的好方法。

Not once has he suggested a good way to deal with any problem.

Unit 4

5

1. 在文化交流中,误解常常是不可避免的。

In cultural exchanges, misunderstanding is often unavoidable.

2.在英国留学的几年中,我有机会见到了不同国籍的留学生。

In my few years of study in Britain, J bad chances to meet students of all sorts of nationalities.

3.在西方国家,向老师赠送圣诞节贺卡,是一种常见的表达敬意的方式。

In Western countries, it is a common way for students to send Christmas cards to teachers to show their respect.

4.老师望着我,脸上露出不解的表情。

My teacher looked at me, with a puzzled expression on the face.

5.我们都十分清楚,市场竞争是非常残酷的。

We are all aware that competition in the market is very fierce.

6.一些汉语习语被译成英语后,会使一些英语读者感到很吃惊。

When some Chinese idioms are translated into English, their meanings may startle some readers of English.

Unit 6

5.

1. 这几家公司签署了一项新的协议。

These companies entered into a new agreement.

2.一家大规模生产移动电话的公司已经建立。

A company has been set up to produce mobile phones on a large scale.

3.这次事故造成两名乘客死亡。

This accident resulted in the death of two passengers.

4.我们最好将房子投保火险。

We'd better insure the house against fire.

5.因不经心造成的任何损坏须由借用者赔偿。

Any damage resulting from negligence must be paid for by the borrower.

Unit 7

5.

1. 他们试图离开营地,但被大雪捆住了。

They attempted to leave the camp but were stopped by the heavy snow.

2.由于开车速度太快而引起的交通事故在不断增加。

Accidents due to driving too fast are on the increase.

3. 他们在相同的环境下长大,因此在举止上有很多的共同点。

They grew up in the same environment, so their behaviors had much in common.

4.和山区的孩子相比,我们就幸运多了,能有机会使用计算机。

In contrast to children in the mountainous areas, we are lucky to have access to computers.

5.我们对他过于繁琐的讲述他过去的荣誉感到厌烦。

We were bored at hearing her dwelling so much on her past glories.

6.你必须有成功的欲望并努力争取实现。

You must have the appetite for success and try hard to realize it.

unit1

1. The best way to guard against tooth decay is through brushing teeth every day.

预防蛀牙的最佳方法是每天刷牙。

The best way to guard against infection is through vaccination.

预防传染的最佳办法是注射疫苗。

2. The purpose of the book is to introduce the basic knowledge of engineering.

本书旨在介绍工程学的基本知识。

The purpose of the competition is to provide university students with a stage to demonstrate their skills and knowledge.

本次比赛的目的是为大学生提供展示自己的舞台。

3. This is possible only when the wheels stop turning.

这只有在轮子停止转动时才有可能。

This is possible only when the weather is fine.

只有当天气晴好时这才可能。

4. In terms of economy, nations can be divided into two groups: developed countries and developing countries.

就经济而言,国家可分为两种:发达国家和发展中国家。

The pie can be divided into five pieces so that everyone gets piece.

这张饼可分为五份,让每人有一份。

5. We should try our best to reduce the mistakes resulting from carelessness.

我们应尽量减少因粗心大意而造成的错误。

They are assessing the loss resulting from the air crash.

他们正在评估这次空难造成的损失。

unit2

6.

1. He seems to know the way better than I do.

他好象比我还熟悉那条路。

His voice seemed to have disturbed her.

他的声音好像打扰了她。

2. His carelessness led to this accident.

他的粗心大意导致了这场车祸。

Hard work leads to success.

努力工作是成功之路。

3. I was assigned to a small room when I started my work in the college. 当我到大学工作时,他们分给我一个单人房间。

Each of us was assigned to a holiday homework by the teacher.

老师给我们每人一份假期作业。

4. Don't leave until I arrive.

当我到达之前不要离开。

I won't stop shouting until you let me go.

你让我走,我才停止喊叫。

5. My eyes were irritated by the smoke.

烟熏得我眼睛怪难受的。

The boss was irritated by the clerk's rude behavior.

老板对职员的粗鲁行为很恼火。

6. When it came his turn, he rose from his seat.

轮到他时,他就从座位上站起来。

When it comes to drawing a plan, leave it to me.

至于制定计划,就交给我吧。

7. Instead of improving, he is getting worse.

他不是在好转,而是在恶化。

They built a reservoir halfway up the mountain instead of at the top.

他们不是在山顶而是在半山腰修建了一个水库。

unit3

6.

1. If there is a problem, we never point fingers at each other.

如果出现问题,我们从不互相指责。

They pointed fingers at one another for failing to prevent the disaster.

他们因没能防止那场灾难而互相指责。

2. It is highly unlikely that this problem will be solved in the near future.

这个问题不太可能在近期得到解决。

It was highly unlikely that she would do that kind of thing.

她不太可能做出那样的事。

3. This computer virus is spreading, and all online users are at risk.

这种计算机病毒正在传播,所有上网用户都有被感染的危险。

The economy is very depressed at the moment, which puts more jobs at risk.

目前该国的经济十分的萧条,这使得更多的就业机会面临丧失的危险。

4. I advised him to think twice before deciding to quit school.

我劝他在决定退学前再仔细考虑一番。

Always think twice before paying out large sums of money.

支付大笔款项时总要三思而行。

5. Could it be that more people will ride bikes to work?

是否有可能更多的人会骑自行车上班呢?

Could it be that I was too close to the situation to see it clearly?.

是否有可能由于我离得太近而看不清形势呢?

unit4

6.

1.在某种意义上来说,你犯那个错误我倒是很高兴,因为那个错误会对你起警戒作用。

In a way, I'm glad you made that mistake, for it will serve us waming to you.

我建议你买那张多用途沙发,因为它可以作为床用。

My suggestion is that you should buy that multifunctional sofa because it may serve as a bed.

2.这个学校最早是一个社区学院,现在已经成为这个州的最著名的大学之一了。

This school began as a community college and has grown to one of the most famous universities in the state.

哥伦比亚于1938年从一个家庭作坊的帽子销售商发家,现在已经成为世界上最大的户外品牌。

Columbia began as a family owned hat distributorship in 1938, and has grown into one of the world's largest outerwear brands.

3.我们的目标成为经营业绩最好和最被羡慕者之一。

Our mission is to be one of the leaders in performance running and one of the most admired.

我们公司的承诺是将国内产品介绍给全世界的消费者。

The commitment of our company is to introduce the products of our country to the customers throughout the world.

4.奢侈品成为一个驱使现代人去寻求个人意义和满足的概念。

Luxury is becoming a concept rooted in our modem drive to find personal meaning and satisfaction.

在历史上,“价值”自身是一个植根于理性和道德观念上的概念。

In history, "value" is itself a human concept rooted in rational and moral principles.

5.校长鼓励我们每天阅读专业相关书籍一小时以提高自身素质。

Our president encourages us to improve ourselves by reading an hour a day in our fields.

新的研究表明,吸烟者减少吸烟可以减低患心脏病的危险。

According to a new research, smokers can reduce their risk for heart disease by cutting down on smoking cigarettes.

9.

这一方法证明是非常成功的。

This method proved to be very successful.

我们生了病才知道健康的价值。

We had to know the worth of health,until we are ill.

这种表演很受大学生的欢迎。

The kind of performance is very popular with college students.

人们认识到吸烟有害健康。

It is recognized that smoking is bad for health.

学习一件事情的最好方法是去做这件事。

Learn a thing is the best way to do it.

他们将和来自全世界的游泳选手进行比赛。

They will compete with swimmers from all of the words.

我们不能解决所有问题,但肯定能减轻他们的痛苦。

We can't solve all problems, but so affirmation can ease their suffering.

那天晚上我玩的很开心,晚会上的其他人也都一样。

That night I had good time,so did everyone else at the party.

unit6

6

1. 儿子在家看DVD而父母却在田里辛勤劳作。

The son was watching DVD at home while the parents were working in the fields.

你喜欢体育,而我更喜欢音乐。

You like sports, while I prefer music.

2.在配偶的收入基础上纳税者可以选择以下三种方式计算应付的税额。

The following are three ways a taxpayer may choose from to calculate the tax due on his/her spouse's salary.

可供选择的CD版本太多了,我不知道哪一个版本更好。

There are so many different CD versions to choose from and I have no idea which is the best.

3.老人过去常常坐在宁静的公园里的一条长椅上,看着其他人,一坐就是数个小时,什么

也不干,也不和任何人交谈。

The old man would sit on a bench in the quiet park and look at others for hours without doing anything or talking to anybody.

研究者在没有检验任何其他因素的情况下得出结论,认为喝茶有益健康。

The researchers have concluded that drinking tea does good to the health of people without examining any other factors.

4.在这样紧急的情况下,投资的重点应该是机器而不是建筑。

In such an urgent situation, the focus of our investment should be on new machinery rather than building.

我做事总喜欢赶早而不愿意把事情拖到最后。

I always prefer starting early, rather than leaving everything to the last minute.

5.今晚的电视没什么看的,都是些垃圾节目。

There's nothing on TV tonight, other than rubbish.

因为桥上个月坍塌了,你只能游泳过河了。

Because the bridge collapsed last month, you can't get across other than by swimming. I know him?

unit7

6.

1. The answer may lie in the Fact that there are large numbers of graduates in this field.

答案可能是:在这个领域有大量的毕业生。

The root of their poverty lies in the fact that they have received little education.

她们贫穷的根源是:接受的教育太少。

2. Not all wealthy people live a happy life.

并不是所有的有钱人都过着幸福的生活。

Not all students attended the lecture.

并不是所有的学生都来听讲座。

3. It must be appreciated that there are a lot of difficulties on your way to success.

必须要懂得在你走向成功的路上有许多困难。

It must be appreciated that your dress can be changed, whereas your disposition is inborn.

必须要意识到你的衣着可以改变,而你的气质是天生的。

4. Whatever the difference is, there is one factor in common - they share the same belief.

无论有什么不同,有一点是共同的——他们有着共同的信念。

Whatever the difference is, there is one Factor in common - they come From the same background. 无论有什么不同,有一点是共同的——他们的文化背景相同。

5. There is a misconception that boys are cleverer than girls in most respects.

有一种错误的观念,认为在大多数方面男孩子都比女孩子聪明。

There is a misconception that a blind person cannot draw.

有一种错误的观念,认为盲人不能作画。

Unit 1

1.她一家商店一家商店的看,最后以她能付出的价格买了她所需要的东西。

She shopped around till she got what she wanted at a price she could afford.

2.除了向我要东西,他从不跟我说话。

He never speaks to me other than to ask for something.

3.你永远应该以搞好你的工作为目的。

You should always aim at doing your job well.

4.几个星期来她一直呆在家中照顾有病的父亲。

She has been tied to the house for weeks looking after her invalid father.

5.修建这条路是为了缓解交通拥挤。

The route was designed to relieve traffic congestion.

6.社会是由形形色色的人组成的。有些人很好,有些人很坏,也有些人介乎两者之间。

Society is made up of a wide variety of people; some are good, others (are) bad, and still others (are) in between.

Unit 2

5

1.这个星期你每天都迟到,对此你如何解释?

How do you account for the fact that you've been late every day this week?

2.政府已经承诺改善落后地区人民的生活条件。

The government has committed itself to improving the life conditions of the people living in the underdeveloped areas.

3.据最新报道,这次火车交通事故造成多名乘客死亡。

According to the latest report, the train accident resulted in the death of several passengers.

4.多呼吸新鲜空气有助于身体健康。

Plenty of fresh air contributes to good health.

5.他试图竞争学校学生会主席,但是没有成功。

He attempted to compete for the position of chairman of the Students' Union, but he didn't get in / succeed.

6.经过一年辛勤的努力,公司本年度目标全部达成。

Throughout one-year industrious work, the company has achieved all its goals this year.

Unit 3

5.

1.盗贼从这家银行偷走了一大笔现金。

The thieves made off with a large sum of money from the bank.

2.高血压使千百万人有患心脏病的危险。

High blood pressure places millions of people at the risk of heart disease.

3.在做任何重要决定之前都要慎重思考。

Think twice before you make any important decisions.

4.非洲大陆的一大片区域有变成沙漠的危险。

A large part of the African continent is in danger of becoming a desert.

5.他从来没有给我提出过解决问题的好方法。

Not once has he suggested a good way to deal with any problem.

Unit 4

5

1. 在文化交流中,误解常常是不可避免的。

In cultural exchanges, misunderstanding is often unavoidable.

2.在英国留学的几年中,我有机会见到了不同国籍的留学生。

In my few years of study in Britain, J bad chances to meet students of all sorts of nationalities.

3.在西方国家,向老师赠送圣诞节贺卡,是一种常见的表达敬意的方式。

In Western countries, it is a common way for students to send Christmas cards to teachers to show their respect.

4.老师望着我,脸上露出不解的表情。

My teacher looked at me, with a puzzled expression on the face.

5.我们都十分清楚,市场竞争是非常残酷的。

We are all aware that competition in the market is very fierce.

6.一些汉语习语被译成英语后,会使一些英语读者感到很吃惊。

When some Chinese idioms are translated into English, their meanings may startle some readers of English.

Unit 6

5.

1. 这几家公司签署了一项新的协议。

These companies entered into a new agreement.

2.一家大规模生产移动电话的公司已经建立。

A company has been set up to produce mobile phones on a large scale.

3.这次事故造成两名乘客死亡。

This accident resulted in the death of two passengers.

4.我们最好将房子投保火险。

We'd better insure the house against fire.

5.因不经心造成的任何损坏须由借用者赔偿。

Any damage resulting from negligence must be paid for by the borrower.

Unit 7

5.

1. 他们试图离开营地,但被大雪捆住了。

They attempted to leave the camp but were stopped by the heavy snow.

2.由于开车速度太快而引起的交通事故在不断增加。

Accidents due to driving too fast are on the increase.

3. 他们在相同的环境下长大,因此在举止上有很多的共同点。

They grew up in the same environment, so their behaviors had much in common.

4.和山区的孩子相比,我们就幸运多了,能有机会使用计算机。

In contrast to children in the mountainous areas, we are lucky to have access to computers.

5.我们对他过于繁琐的讲述他过去的荣誉感到厌烦。

We were bored at hearing her dwelling so much on her past glories.

6.你必须有成功的欲望并努力争取实现。

You must have the appetite for success and try hard to realize it.

unit1

6.

1. The best way to guard against tooth decay is through brushing teeth every day.

预防蛀牙的最佳方法是每天刷牙。

The best way to guard against infection is through vaccination.

预防传染的最佳办法是注射疫苗。

2. The purpose of the book is to introduce the basic knowledge of engineering.

本书旨在介绍工程学的基本知识。

The purpose of the competition is to provide university students with a stage to demonstrate their skills and knowledge.

本次比赛的目的是为大学生提供展示自己的舞台。

3. This is possible only when the wheels stop turning.

这只有在轮子停止转动时才有可能。

This is possible only when the weather is fine.

只有当天气晴好时这才可能。

4. In terms of economy, nations can be divided into two groups: developed countries and developing countries.

就经济而言,国家可分为两种:发达国家和发展中国家。

The pie can be divided into five pieces so that everyone gets piece.

这张饼可分为五份,让每人有一份。

5. We should try our best to reduce the mistakes resulting from carelessness.

我们应尽量减少因粗心大意而造成的错误。

They are assessing the loss resulting from the air crash.

他们正在评估这次空难造成的损失。

unit2

6.

1. He seems to know the way better than I do.

他好象比我还熟悉那条路。

His voice seemed to have disturbed her.

他的声音好像打扰了她。

2. His carelessness led to this accident.

他的粗心大意导致了这场车祸。

Hard work leads to success.

努力工作是成功之路。

3. I was assigned to a small room when I started my work in the college.

当我到大学工作时,他们分给我一个单人房间。

Each of us was assigned to a holiday homework by the teacher.

老师给我们每人一份假期作业。

4. Don't leave until I arrive.

当我到达之前不要离开。

I won't stop shouting until you let me go.

你让我走,我才停止喊叫。

5. My eyes were irritated by the smoke.

烟熏得我眼睛怪难受的。

The boss was irritated by the clerk's rude behavior.

老板对职员的粗鲁行为很恼火。

6. When it came his turn, he rose from his seat.

轮到他时,他就从座位上站起来。

When it comes to drawing a plan, leave it to me.

至于制定计划,就交给我吧。

7. Instead of improving, he is getting worse.

他不是在好转,而是在恶化。

They built a reservoir halfway up the mountain instead of at the top.

他们不是在山顶而是在半山腰修建了一个水库。

unit3

6.

1. If there is a problem, we never point fingers at each other.

如果出现问题,我们从不互相指责。

They pointed fingers at one another for failing to prevent the disaster.

他们因没能防止那场灾难而互相指责。

2. It is highly unlikely that this problem will be solved in the near future.

这个问题不太可能在近期得到解决。

It was highly unlikely that she would do that kind of thing.

她不太可能做出那样的事。

3. This computer virus is spreading, and all online users are at risk.

这种计算机病毒正在传播,所有上网用户都有被感染的危险。

The economy is very depressed at the moment, which puts more jobs at risk. 目前该国的经济十分的萧条,这使得更多的就业机会面临丧失的危险。

4. I advised him to think twice before deciding to quit school.

我劝他在决定退学前再仔细考虑一番。

Always think twice before paying out large sums of money.

支付大笔款项时总要三思而行。

5. Could it be that more people will ride bikes to work?

是否有可能更多的人会骑自行车上班呢?

Could it be that I was too close to the situation to see it clearly?.

是否有可能由于我离得太近而看不清形势呢?

unit4

6.

1.在某种意义上来说,你犯那个错误我倒是很高兴,因为那个错误会对你起警戒作用。

In a way, I'm glad you made that mistake, for it will serve us waming to you.

我建议你买那张多用途沙发,因为它可以作为床用。

My suggestion is that you should buy that multifunctional sofa because it may serve as a bed.

2.这个学校最早是一个社区学院,现在已经成为这个州的最著名的大学之一了。

This school began as a community college and has grown to one of the most famous universities in the state.

哥伦比亚于1938年从一个家庭作坊的帽子销售商发家,现在已经成为世界上最大的户外品牌。

Columbia began as a family owned hat distributorship in 1938, and has grown into one of the world's largest outerwear brands.

3.我们的目标成为经营业绩最好和最被羡慕者之一。

Our mission is to be one of the leaders in performance running and one of the most admired.

我们公司的承诺是将国内产品介绍给全世界的消费者。

The commitment of our company is to introduce the products of our country to the customers throughout the world.

4.奢侈品成为一个驱使现代人去寻求个人意义和满足的概念。

Luxury is becoming a concept rooted in our modem drive to find personal meaning and satisfaction.

在历史上,“价值”自身是一个植根于理性和道德观念上的概念。

In history, "value" is itself a human concept rooted in rational and moral principles.

5.校长鼓励我们每天阅读专业相关书籍一小时以提高自身素质。

Our president encourages us to improve ourselves by reading an hour a day in our fields.

新的研究表明,吸烟者减少吸烟可以减低患心脏病的危险。

According to a new research, smokers can reduce their risk for heart disease by cutting down on

smoking cigarettes.

9.

这一方法证明是非常成功的。

This method proved to be very successful.

我们生了病才知道健康的价值。

We had to know the worth of health,until we are ill.

这种表演很受大学生的欢迎。

The kind of performance is very popular with college students.

人们认识到吸烟有害健康。

It is recognized that smoking is bad for health.

学习一件事情的最好方法是去做这件事。

Learn a thing is the best way to do it.

他们将和来自全世界的游泳选手进行比赛。

They will compete with swimmers from all of the words.

我们不能解决所有问题,但肯定能减轻他们的痛苦。

We can't solve all problems, but so affirmation can ease their suffering.

那天晚上我玩的很开心,晚会上的其他人也都一样。

That night I had good time,so did everyone else at the party.

unit6

6

1. 儿子在家看DVD而父母却在田里辛勤劳作。

The son was watching DVD at home while the parents were working in the fields.

你喜欢体育,而我更喜欢音乐。

You like sports, while I prefer music.

2.在配偶的收入基础上纳税者可以选择以下三种方式计算应付的税额。

The following are three ways a taxpayer may choose from to calculate the tax due on his/her spouse's salary.

可供选择的CD版本太多了,我不知道哪一个版本更好。

There are so many different CD versions to choose from and I have no idea which is the best.

3.老人过去常常坐在宁静的公园里的一条长椅上,看着其他人,一坐就是数个小时,什么也不干,也不和任何人交谈。

The old man would sit on a bench in the quiet park and look at others for hours without doing

anything or talking to anybody.

研究者在没有检验任何其他因素的情况下得出结论,认为喝茶有益健康。

The researchers have concluded that drinking tea does good to the health of people without examining any other factors.

4.在这样紧急的情况下,投资的重点应该是机器而不是建筑。

In such an urgent situation, the focus of our investment should be on new machinery rather than building.

我做事总喜欢赶早而不愿意把事情拖到最后。

I always prefer starting early, rather than leaving everything to the last minute.

5.今晚的电视没什么看的,都是些垃圾节目。

There's nothing on TV tonight, other than rubbish.

因为桥上个月坍塌了,你只能游泳过河了。

Because the bridge collapsed last month, you can't get across other than by swimming. I know him?

unit7

6.

1. The answer may lie in the Fact that there are large numbers of graduates in this field.

答案可能是:在这个领域有大量的毕业生。

The root of their poverty lies in the fact that they have received little education.

她们贫穷的根源是:接受的教育太少。

2. Not all wealthy people live a happy life.

并不是所有的有钱人都过着幸福的生活。

Not all students attended the lecture.

并不是所有的学生都来听讲座。

3. It must be appreciated that there are a lot of difficulties on your way to success.

必须要懂得在你走向成功的路上有许多困难。

It must be appreciated that your dress can be changed, whereas your disposition is inborn.

必须要意识到你的衣着可以改变,而你的气质是天生的。

4. Whatever the difference is, there is one factor in common - they share the same belief.

无论有什么不同,有一点是共同的——他们有着共同的信念。

Whatever the difference is, there is one Factor in common - they come From the same background. 无论有什么不同,有一点是共同的——他们的文化背景相同。

5. There is a misconception that boys are cleverer than girls in most respects.

有一种错误的观念,认为在大多数方面男孩子都比女孩子聪明。

There is a misconception that a blind person cannot draw.

有一种错误的观念,认为盲人不能作画。

1、are going to apply for a patent on it

2、ve you made the necessary preparations

3、e model has yet to undergo / receive the final test, but the technical drawings are ready

4、w long will it take to get the patent

Put in Use : Practice 2

1、at findings have you got from the market research

2、e mini-type of mobile phones are selling well in the market

3、you think this new type of mobile phones will take the place of the older ones

4、people's living conditions have been improved greatly in recent years

5、their views on consumption are also changing rapidly

6、So you believe the potential market for mobile phones will be quite large

Put in Use : Practice 3

1、are you interested in

2、something about them

3、 model do you prefer

4、the functions or the price

5、show you

6、What's your price on that / What's the price

Listen and Judge

TFFTTTTF

Listen and Respond

1、In an automobile store

2、To give it to his daughter as a birthday gift

3、Only one

4、About three months

5、RMB 208 600 yuan

6、In installments

Listen and Read

1、Washing

2、ten/10

3、Extremely

4、Customers

5、fresh smell

6、Ingredients

7、Larger

8、Thicker

9、Benefit

10、less tired and less sleepy

Passage I : Read and Think 1

BDDCA

Passage I : Read and Think 2

1、Because face-to-face selling can provide immediate feedback which helps salespeople to adapt.

2、The purpose is to generate a lot of interest and book sales at no cost to the publisher.

3、Because they want to get free publicity for their products.

4、He believed that a consumer might not pay any attention to an ad—but might carefully read a long magazine story with the same information.

5、Publicity is a very cheap (even free of charge) promotion method, and it might be more effective than paid advertising.

Passage I : Read and Complete 1

1、Scattered

2、Convinced

3、Generated

4、Prompted

5、Identify

6、Flexible

7、Feedback

8、Presentation

9、Target

10、objective

Passage I : Read and Complete 2

1、Direct

2、Combine

3、Establish

4、Events

5、Purchase

6、Backgrounds

7、Occupations

8、Candidate

9、Vital

10、communicate

Passage 1:Read and Translate

1、She shopped around till she got what she wanted at a price she could afford.

He never speaks to me other than to ask for something.

You should always aim at doing your job well .

She has been tied to the house for weeks looking after her invalid father.

The route was designed to relieve traffic congestion.

Society is made up of a wide variety of people; some are good, others (are) bad, and still others (are) in between.

Passage 1:Read and Simulate

1、The son was watching DVD at home while the parents were working in the fields.

You like sports, while I prefer music.

2、The following are three ways a taxpayer may choose from to calculate the tax due on his /her spouse's salary.

There are so many different CD versions to choose from and I have no idea which is the best.3、The old man would sit on a bench in the quiet park and look at others for hours without doing anything or talking to anybody.

The researchers have concluded that drinking tea does good to the health of people without examining any other factors.

4、In such an urgent situation, the focus of our investment should be on new machinery rather than building.

I always prefer starting early, rather than leaving everything to the last minute.

5、There's nothing on TV tonight, other than rubbish.

Because the bridge collapsed last month, you can't get across other than by swimming.Passage II : Read and Judge TFTTTTFFFT

Passage II : Read and Translate 1、It has become a very common but very annoying practice to promote a new product on television.

2、On Christmas Day, New Century Department Store gave away a small box of chocolate to every customer who shopped there.

3、After waiting for a long time, we finally saw the President show up on the platform.

4、Telephone booths placed one after another along the streets is the symbol of civilization and a beautiful view of the city as well.

5、The spaceships manned by Chinese have witnessed two successful outer space missions.

6、Even today, I still remember clearly what the old headmaster said at our graduation ceremony.

Applied Writing : Simulate and Create 2

1、made in 2、traditional product 3、famous brand

古代汉语 课文翻译

精卫填海 又北二百里,曰发鸠之山,其上多柘木,有鸟焉,其状如乌,文首,白喙,赤足,名曰:“精卫”,其鸣自詨(音同“笑”)。是炎帝之少女,名曰女娃。女娃游于东海,溺而不返,故为精卫,常衔西山之木石,以堙(音同“音”)于东海。漳水出焉,东流注于河。——《山海经》 注释 1、曰:叫作 2、发鸠之山:古代传说中的山名 3、拓木:拓树,桑树的一种 4、状:形状 5、乌:乌鸦 6、文首:头上有花纹。文,同“纹”,花纹 7、其鸣自詨:它的叫声是在呼唤自己的名字 8、是:这 9、炎帝之少女:炎帝的小女儿 10、故:所以 11、湮:填塞 古今异义词 赤足:1.文中指红色的脚。 2.现代汉语中指光脚。 译文 再向北走二百里,有座山叫发鸠山,山上长了很多柘树。树林里有一种鸟,它的形状像乌鸦,头上羽毛有花纹,白色的嘴,红色的脚,名叫精卫,它的叫声像在呼唤自己的名字。这其实是炎帝的小女儿,名叫女娃。有一次,女娃去东海游玩,溺水身亡,再也没有回来,所以化为精卫鸟。经常叼着西山上的树枝和石块,用来填塞东海。浊漳河就发源于发鸠山,向东流去,注入黄河。 夸父逐日 夸父与日逐走,入日;渴,欲得饮,饮于河,渭;河,渭不足,北饮大泽。未至,道渴而死。弃其杖,化为邓林。 注释: ①逐走:赛跑。逐:竞争。走:跑。 ②入日:追赶到太阳落下的地方。 ③欲得饮:很想能够喝水解渴。 ④河,渭:黄河,渭水。 ⑤北饮大泽:大湖。传说纵横千里,在雁门山北。 ⑥道渴而死:半路上因口渴而死去。 ⑦邓林:地名,现在在大别山附近河南、湖北、安徽三省交界处。邓林既“桃林”。 ⑧未至:没有赶到。 ⑨渴:他感到口渴。 ⑩弃:遗弃。 夸父逐日全文翻译 夸父与太阳竞跑,一直追赶到太阳落下的地方;他感到口渴,想要喝水,就到黄

第2章 汉英翻译基础知识(新编汉英翻译教程 陈宏薇)

“文化”(culture) 物质文化(material culture) 制度文化(institutional culture) 心理文化(也称观念文化)(mental culture)咖啡(coffee)、 巧克力(chocolate)、 色拉(salad)、 三明治(sandwich)、 歇斯底里(hysteria)、 休克(shock)、 基因(gene)、 钙(calcium)、 维他命(vitamin)、 奥林匹克(Olympic)、 雷达(radar)、 先令(shilling)、 夹克(jacket)、 电视(television)、 激光(laser)、 飞机(aeroplane)、 火车(train)、 交响乐(symphony)、 基督徒(Christian)、 面包(bread)、 盲文(brail)、 圣诞老人(Santa Claus)、 圣经(Bible)、 马海毛(mahair)、 贝雷帽(beret)、 革命(revolution) 、营养(nourish)、 解放(liberate)、 民主(democracy)、 科学(science)、 独裁(dictatorship)、 心理学(psychology)、 形而上学(metaphysics)、 图书馆(library)、 想象(imagination)、 暗示(hint)、 投资(investment) 磁卡电话(card phone)、 立交桥(overpass)、 隐形眼镜(contact lenses)、

下拉菜单(pulldown)、 软驱(floppy drive)、 光驱(CD drive)、 鼠标(mouse)、 电脑(computer)、 内存条(RAM chip)、 复印机(xerox machine)、 安乐死(euthanasia)、 艾滋病(AIDS)、 香波(shampoo)、 连锁店(chain store)、 热狗(hot dog)、 自助餐(buffet)、 牛仔服(cowboy suit)、 T恤衫(T-shirt) 意合(parataxis) 隐性(covertness) 显性(overtness) 形合(hypotaxis) 伦理(ethics) 认知(cognition) 顺其自然(Let nature take its course in accordance with its natural tendency)、 听其自然(leave the matter as it is; take the world as it is)、 听天安命(accept the situation)、 听天由命(be at the mercy of nature; be left to God's mercy; let fate have its way; submit the will of Heaven; wait for one's fate)。 individualism( 不管别人怎样做)只按个人方法行事的感觉或行为;我行我素 个体主义”。 整体(integrity) 综合性(synthetic) 个体(individuality)、 分析性(analytic) 直觉(intuition) 实证(evidence) 天人合一”(The Unity of Man and Heaven

新编汉英翻译教程-第一周

翻译理论与实践 Introduction of the course(高等学校英语专业英语教学大纲): 1)培养目标(p1) 2)课程描述(p25)笔译 3)英语专业课程设置:专业技能;必修课;高年级 4)教学要求:翻译(八级要求p10) Selection of texts: 1) 孙致礼《新编英汉翻译教程》 陈宏薇《新编汉英翻译教程》(“十五”规划教材) 2)彭长江《英汉-汉英翻译教程》(修订本) 3)自编练习与对照读物。 课程考核: 平时课堂及作业占30%,期末占70% 教学目的:旨在让学生了解什么是翻译以及翻译的性质 教学重点与难点:翻译的定义和性质 教学方法:讲述与实例相结合 参考书目:陈宏薇,《新编汉英翻译教程》;孙致礼,《新编英汉翻译教程》;彭长江,《英汉-汉英翻译教程》。 Topic 1 Definition and Nature of Translation 教学目的:旨在让学生了解什么是翻译以及翻译的性质 教学重点与难点:翻译的定义和性质 教学方法:讲述与实例相结合 参考书目:孙致礼,《新编英汉翻译教程》;陈宏薇,《新编汉英翻译教程》;彭长江,《英汉-汉英翻译教程》 教学时间:2 节 1.What is “to translate”? The Oxford English Dictionary: “to turn from one language into another” “翻译是从一种语言转换成另一种语言” Taken literally, it can be given four meanings, according to concrete

古代汉语郭锡良句子翻译重点

古代汉语下册翻译三十题 1、周任有言曰:“陈力就列,不能者止”危而不持,颠而不扶,则将焉用彼相矣?(贤人周任有句话说:‘能够施展自己的力量就任职;如果不行,就该辞职。’比如瞎子遇到危险,不去扶持;将要摔倒了,不去搀扶,那又何必用助手呢?) 2、万物作焉而不辞,生而不有,为而不恃,功成而弗居。夫唯不居,是以不去。(万物兴起不去干预,生养了万物而不据为己有,有所作为但不靠它达到什么目的,功成而不自己居功。正是因为不居功,所以永远不失去功。) 3、井蛙不可以语于海者,拘于虚也;夏虫不可以语于冰者,笃于时也;曲士不可以语于道者,束于教也。(对井里的蛙不可与它谈论关于海的事情,是由于它的眼界受着狭小居处的局限;对夏天生死的虫子不可与它谈论关于冰雪的事情,是由于它的眼界受着时令的制约;对见识浅陋的人不可与他谈论大道理,是由于他的眼界受着所受教育的束缚。) 4、伯夷辞之以为名,仲尼语之以为博,此其自多也;不似尔向之自多于水乎?(伯夷以辞让君王之位而博得名声,孔子以谈论天下而显示渊博,这是他们的自我夸耀,不正像你刚才自以为河水广大一样吗?) 5、孟子对曰:“仲尼之徒无道桓文之事者,是以后世无传焉,臣未之闻也。无以,则王乎?”(孟子回答说:“孔子的学生中没有称道齐桓公、晋文公的事情的,因此后世失传了。我没有听说过这事。(如果)一定要说,那么还是说说行王道的事吧!”) 6、君子之于禽兽也:见其生,不忍见其死;闻其声,不忍食其肉。是以君子远庖厨也。(有道德的人对于飞禽走兽:看见它活着,便不忍心看它死;听到它(哀鸣)的声音,便不忍心吃它的肉。所以君子远离厨房。) 7、权,然后知轻重;度;然后知长短;物皆然,心为甚。(称一称,才能知道轻重;量一量,才能知道长短,事物都是如此,人心更是这样。) 8、是故明君制民之产,必使仰足以事父母,俯足以畜妻子;乐岁终身饱,凶年免于死亡;然后驱而之善,故民之从之也轻。(所以英明的君主规定老百姓的产业,一定使他们上能赡养父母,下能养活妻子儿女;年成好时能丰衣足食,年成不好也不致于饿死。然后督促他们做好事。所以老百姓跟随国君走就容易了。) 9、且许子何不为陶冶,舍皆取诸其宫中而用之?何为纷纷然与百工交易?何许子之不惮烦?(再说许子为什么不自己烧陶炼铁,使得一切东西都是从自己家里拿来用呢?为什么忙忙碌碌地同各种工匠进行交换

古代汉语

古代汉语 一、默写课文 鲁施氏有二子 鲁施氏有二子,其一好学,其一好兵。好学者以术干齐侯,齐侯纳之,为诸公子之傅。好兵者之楚,以法干楚王,王悦之,以为军正。禄富其家,爵荣其亲。 施氏之邻人孟氏,同有二子,所业亦同,而窘于贫。羡施氏之有,因从请进趣之方。二子取实告孟氏。孟氏之一子之秦,以术干秦王。秦王曰:“当今诸侯力争,所务兵食而已。若用仁义治吾国,是灭亡之道。”遂宫而放之。其一子之卫,以法干卫侯。卫侯曰:“吾弱国也,而摄乎大国之间。大国吾事之,小国吾抚之,是求安之道。若赖兵权,灭亡可待矣。若全而归之,适于他国,为吾之患不轻矣。”遂刖之而还之于鲁。 既反,孟氏之父子扣胸而让施氏,施氏曰:“凡得时者昌,失时者亡。子道与吾同,而功与吾异,失时者也,非行之谬也。且天下理无常是,事无常非。先日所用,今或弃之;今之所弃,后或用之。此用与不用,非定是非也。投隙抵时,应事无方,属乎智。智苟不足,使若博如孔丘,术如吕尚,焉往而不穷哉?” 孟氏父子舍然无愠容,曰:“吾知之矣,子勿重言!” 二、解释名词术语 1、章句:汉代注释家解释古书体例,往往在解释词义之外,再串计文章大意,这种解说方法叫章句。(流传到现在的以“章句”为名的注释书,有后汉赵岐的《孟子章句》和王逸的《楚辞章句》。 2、古无舌上音:指在上古声母系统中设有“知、徹、澄”这组舌上音声母,它们是从舌头音“端[t],透[t],定[d]”这组声母中分化出平韵。 3、倒置:或称“倒装、变序”等,为了对仗、押韵、调平仄或追求新颖等需要而改变语序的修辞方式。例如杜甫《秋兴八首》之八:“香稻啄余鹦鹉粒 .. .......,碧梧 栖老凤凰枝 .....。” 4、之为言:表示声训,释词与被释词属于同源词,读音相近或相同,。例如:《周礼·秋官·司寇》:“凡杀其亲者,焚之。杀王之亲者,辜之。”郑玄注:“辜之言枯也,谓磔之。”《释名·释训》:“鬼之为言归也。” 三、指出下列汉字的形体结构 1、象形:鸟耳户禾鬲鱼马户 2、指事:本上廿牟寸下门丹牟 3、会意:即涉旦采见既陟弃粪采 4、形声:通悲旌题视徒歌江疆徒 四、选择题 1、c 2.cd 3.D 4、ad 5.abd 6.a、b、c 7、bcd 8、ad 9、ac 10. a、d 五、解释下列句子中加点词的意义,并指出该意义属于本意还是引申义 1、心忧炭贱.愿天寒。贱:价格低、便宜,本义; 2、晨往,寝门辟矣,盛服将朝.。发:启发。引申义。 3、巨防容蝼而漂邑杀人。防:堤坝,本义;

英汉语篇翻译

Poor Birds 可怜的小鸟 There was a flock of birds in the jungle near a village. They lived together in a big tree and had a lot of fun every day. This flock of birds usually flew to different places in groups, making a beautiful picture in the sky. Sometimes they have a heated discussion in the tree. 在一个小村庄附近的丛林里有一群小鸟,它们共同栖息在一棵大树上,每天过着快乐的生活。这群小鸟常常成群结队地飞往不同的地方,它们的身姿形成天空一道漂亮的风景。有时,它们会在大树上展开激烈的争论 One day, a farmer went to the jungle to trap some animals for dinner. He saw a lot of birds in the tree, so he threw some corn on the ground and waited until the birds came down to eat. Then he threw a big net over the birds to trap them. 一天,一个农夫到丛林里捕捉猎物用作晚餐。他看到大树上有很多小鸟,于是就在地上撒了些谷物,等着小鸟来吃。然后他支起一张大网捕捉来觅食的小鸟。 When the birds were in the net, they were all afraid and wanted to get out of the net. Some birds in this net said, “Let’s help one other to fly together and push this net up into the tree so we can get out of here.”Everyone listened and count ed, “One, two, three—everyone flies!” They all flew and pushed the net up into the tree and flew out of the net. 被网罩住后,小鸟们都很害怕,想从中逃出去。有些鸟说:“我们

(完整word)第2章汉英翻译基础知识(新编汉英翻译教程陈宏薇).doc

“文化”( culture ) 物质文化( material culture ) 制度文化( institutional culture ) 心理文化(也称观念文化)(mental culture)咖啡( coffee)、 巧克力( chocolate )、 色拉( salad)、 三明治( sandwich )、 歇斯底里( hysteria)、 休克( shock)、 基因( gene)、 钙( calcium)、 维他命( vitamin )、 奥林匹克( Olympic )、 雷达( radar)、 先令( shilling )、 夹克( jacket)、 电视( television )、 激光( laser)、 飞机( aeroplane)、 火车( train)、 交响乐( symphony )、 基督徒( Christian )、 面包( bread)、 盲文( brail )、 圣诞老人( Santa Claus)、 圣经( Bible )、 马海毛( mahair)、 贝雷帽( beret)、 革命( revolution ) 、营养( nourish )、 解放( liberate )、 民主( democracy)、 科学( science)、 独裁( dictatorship )、 心理学( psychology )、 形而上学( metaphysics)、 图书馆( library )、 想象( imagination )、 暗示( hint )、 投资( investment) 磁卡电话( card phone)、 立交桥( overpass)、 隐形眼镜( contact lenses)、

古代汉语课文翻译

《郑伯克段于鄢》翻译 从前,郑武公在申国娶了一个妻子,名叫武姜,她生下庄公和共叔段。庄公出生时难产,武姜受到惊吓,因此给他取名叫“寤生”,所以很厌恶他。武姜偏爱共叔段,想立共叔段为世子,多次向武公请求,武公都不答应。 到庄公即位的时候,武姜就替共叔段请求分封到制邑去。庄公说:“制邑是个险要的地方,从前虢叔就死在那里,若是封给其它城邑,我都可以照吩咐办。”武姜便请求封给太叔京邑,庄公答应了,让他住在那里,称他为京城太叔。 大夫祭仲说:“分封的都城如果城墙超过三百方丈长,会成为国家的祸害。先王的制度规定,国内最大的城邑不能超过国都的三分之一,中等的不得超过它的五分之一,小的不能超过它的九分之一。现在,京邑的城墙不合法度,不符合法制,您的利益会受到损害。”庄公说:“姜氏想要这样,我如何躲开这种祸害呢?”祭仲回答说:“姜氏哪有满足的时候!不如及早处置,别让祸根滋长蔓延,一滋长蔓延就难办了。蔓延开来的野草还很难铲除干净,何况是您那受到宠爱的弟弟呢?”庄公说:“多做不义的事情,必定会自己垮台,你姑且等待。” 过了不久,太叔段使原来属于郑国的西边和北边的边邑既属于郑,又归为自己,成两属之地。公子吕说:“国家不能有两个国君,现在您打算怎么办?您如果打算把郑国交给太叔,那么我请求去服待他;如果不给,那么就请除掉他,不要使百姓们产生疑虑。”庄公说:“不用管他,他自己会遭到灾祸的。”太叔又把两处地方改为自己统辖的地方,一直扩展到廪延。公子吕说:“可以行动了!土地扩大了,他将得到老百姓的拥护。”庄公说:“对君主不义,对兄长不亲,土地虽然扩大了,他最终会垮台的。” 共叔段修整了城郭,准备好了充足的粮食,修缮盔甲兵器,准备好了步兵和战车,将要偷袭郑国都。武姜准备为共叔段打开城门做内应。庄公知道了共叔段偷袭郑的日期,说:“可以出击了!”于是命令子封率领二百辆战车,去讨伐京邑。京邑的人民背叛共叔段,共叔段于是逃到鄢城。庄公又追到鄢城讨伐他。五月二十三日,共叔段逃到共国。 庄公就把武姜安置在城颍,并且发誓说:“不到黄泉(不到死后埋在地下),不再见面!”过了些时候,庄公后悔了。有个叫颍考叔的,是颍谷管理疆界的官吏,听到这件事,去把贡品献给郑庄公。庄公赐给他饭食。颍考叔在吃饭的时候,把肉留着。庄公问他为什么这样。颍考叔答道:“小人有一个母亲,我吃的东西她都吃过,只是从未吃过君王的肉羹,请让我带回去送给她吃。”庄公说:“你有个老娘可以孝敬,唉,唯独我就没有!”颍考叔说:“请问您为什么这么说?”庄公把原因告诉了他,还告诉颖考叔他后悔的心情。颍考叔答道:“您有什么忧虑的?只要掘地挖出泉水,挖个隧道,在那里见面,那谁能说不是这样(不是跟誓词相合)呢?”庄公依了他的话。庄公走进隧道去见武姜,赋诗道:“大隧之中相见啊,多么和乐相得啊!”武姜走出地道,赋诗道:“大隧之外相见啊,多么舒畅快乐啊!”于是姜氏和庄公作为母亲和儿子跟从前一样(即恢复了母子关系)

英汉语篇衔接手段对比及翻译策略

龙源期刊网 https://www.sodocs.net/doc/6433493.html, 英汉语篇衔接手段对比及翻译策略 作者:金胜兰 来源:《校园英语·下旬》2015年第11期 【摘要】衔接是语篇的重要特征,也是翻译活动中最需要特别注意的问题。本文根据Halliday和Hason对语篇衔接手段的划分,探讨了英汉语篇衔接手段的差异,并提出了相应的翻译策略。在翻译实践中,我们应考虑英汉语篇衔接的特点,采取恰当的翻译策略,使译文更通顺、严谨,符合目的语语言习惯和读者的要求。 【关键词】语篇衔接手段差异性翻译策略 一、引言 语篇衔接在语篇构建及语篇理解中具有举足轻重的作用,了解并掌握英汉语篇衔接手段及差异,对英语学习和英汉翻译至关重要,而且采用恰当的语篇衔接手段能够使语篇结构严谨,语义连贯,清楚表达作者观点。因此我们将着重探讨英汉语篇中各种衔接手段的使用及差异对比,为英汉翻译提供有益的指导和策略。 二、英汉语篇衔接手段对比及翻译策略 1.照应。Halliday和Hason把英语中的衔接分为五类:指称,省略,替代,连接,词汇衔接。其中词与所知对象之间的语义关系称为指称衔接,也称照应。英汉指称类型没有明显差别,都有人称、指示、比较三种类型的指称和照应,但不同的是英语使用人称代词和指示代词的频率显然高于汉语。英语中有定冠词,汉语中则没有。汉译英常常需使用定冠词表示所指,这是我们极易忽略的问题。例如:A:香蕉在哪里? Where are the bananas? B:在那边Over there.汉语中虽未指明A要什么香蕉,但香蕉是“主位”,是话题,它存在于A和B 的共识之中。所以译文一定要用the表明指称意义的确定性。 另外由于汉语重意合,英语重形合;汉语是主题显著语言,不在意主语,英语是主语显著语言,主语是一句之主,不可或缺。又由于中国人的思维方式较隐含曲折,而英美人的思维方式较简单直接,汉语中常出现零式指称(zero-anaphoric)现象,英译时往往需要增补主语或其他词以明朗照应关系。例如:一路上吃了半斤炒栗子,睡了一小会觉,就到了北京。 We ate half a jin of roast chestnuts, had a nap and soon arrived in Beijing. 从例句中我们可以看到,为了使译文符合英语句法,达到篇章衔接、语义连贯的效果,译文增添了主语we. 2.省略。省略(ellipsis)指的是把语言结构中的某个成分省去不提,它是为了避免重复,使表达简练、紧凑、清晰的一种修辞方式。省略是语言使用中一种常见的现象。英语注重形合,在省略时,往往利用其动词变化的时态等方面来实现。但是在汉语中动词并没有时态的变化。因此在英汉翻译过程中,对于英语中根据上下文而省略的动词和形容词,(句子成分,因

古代汉语(重点句子翻译,段落翻译)知识分享

古代汉语(重点句子翻译,段落翻译)

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以先秦口语为基础的上古汉语书面语。现保存在先秦到汉代的作品里。如儒家经典,诸子作品,以及一些史籍里。还有后代用这种书面语写成的作品。如唐宋八大家和元明清文人的仿古文言作品等。这些书面语统称为文言。 六朝以后在北方话基础上形成的古白话。本门课程学习的内容只限于文言。 二、课程的性质 (一)明确古代汉语课作为工具课的性质 古代汉语课是汉语言文学专业的基础课和工具课,要求学生在掌握古代汉语文字、词汇、语法、音韵等基础知识,具备读懂一般难度的文言文的能力,并能运用这些知识来分析文言材料中的相关语言现象。如:说明句型的特点,如宾语前置句、被动句式、判断句等;指出词类活用现象,对其类型加以分析;辨认文言虚词的用法及词性;能运用文字学知识解释古书中用字现象等。 (二)明确古代汉语课作为语言课的性质 古代汉语课是一门语言课程,从词汇、文字、语法、语音、修辞等角度出发,把文言文当作古代的语言材料来分析研究,通过这样的分析、研究,使学习者步地增进阅读古书的能力。因此,应当明确古代汉语课的性质,以及这门课程与其他课程的区别,从而准确把握学习的着眼点。 三、教材 (一)指定教材——《古代汉语》(王力主编,中华书局出版) (二)文选、常识、常用词三结合 《古代汉语》教材的内容由文选、常识及常用词三部分组成。 文选——古代汉语的语言材料常识——学习古代汉语的知识和理论 常用词——古代词义材料

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