初中英语语法专项复习——英语动词时态和语态讲解和练习题教学文案
初中英语语法专项复习：英语各个时态和语态讲解及练习题
初中英语有16种时态，但是常用的只有9种：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、过去将来时、现在完成进行时。下面分别介绍。
1、一般现在时的用法
（1）一般现在时表示经常性、习惯性的动作；表示现在的状态、特征和真理。句中常用
always,usually,often,sometimes,seldom,rarely,never,
every day(morning,Monday,week,...etc.)
,every there years,
once a week(day,month,...etc.),...等时间状语。例如：
a. He goes to school every day.
b. He is very happy.
c.The earth moves around the sun.
2) 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来。例如：
a. If you come this afternoon, we’ll have a meeting.
b. When I graduate, I’ll go to countryside.
2.一般过去时的用法
（1）表示过去某时间发生的事、存在的状态或过反复发生的动作。常和:
last week(night,Monday,month,year,...etc.)
four years ago(days,month,...etc.)
before1980(three,liberation,从句,...etc.)
the day before yesterday,the day before last,
the year before last,just now,a monent ago,
yesterday,yesterday morning,this morning,
at first,at last,in the end,finally,then,..
a. He saw Mr. Wang yesterday.
b. He worked in a factory in 1986.
2)表示过去经常发生的动作，也可用“used to “ 和“would + 动词原形”。I used to smoke. During the vacation
I wouldm in the sea.
注：”used to “ 表示过去常发生而现在不再发生的动作或存在的状态。
a. I am used to the climate here.
b. He is used tomming in winter.
3.一般将来时的用法
一般将来时表示将来的动作或状态。其表达形式除了“ will 或shall + 动词原形”表示即将发生的或最近打算进行的事。常和：next week(Monday,month,year,...etc.)
in three days(an hour,...etc.)
tomorrow,tomorrow morning,the day after tomorrow,the day after next,the year after next,tonight,in
2010(2016...etc.)
this evening,this Saturday,after Wednesday,soon,sometime next week,one day in futuer,sooner or later,... 1）be going to do 结构
It is going to rain.
We are going to have a meeting today.
2) “be about to + 动词原形” 表示即将发生的动作，意为be ready to do sth. 后面一般不跟时间状语。We are about to leave.
3) go , come , start, move, leave, arrive ,stay 等可用进行时态表示按计划即将发生的动作。I’m leaving for Beijing.
4.现在进行时的用法
1）现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作，由“ be + 现在分词” 构成。常和：now,these
days(weeks,months,...etc.)
this month(week,...etc.)
Look!,Listen!,...
另外，“系动词+ 介词或副词” 也表示进行时的意义。What are you doing? The bridge is under construction. 2）表示感觉、愿望和状态的某些动词（如have, be , here, se, like 等）一般不用进行。
5.过去进行时的用法
1）过去进行时过去某一时刻、某一阶段正进行的动作，由“ was (were) + 现在分词”构成。
常和：this time yesterday,this time last Friday,in those days,at nine last night,from one to three yesterday afternoon,...
In 1980 he was studying in a university.
He was reading a novel when I came in.
6.现在完成时的用法现在完成时由“have/has + 过去分词.其使用有两种情况：
1）现在完成时所表示的动作在说话之前已完成，但对现在有影响。句中没有具体时间状语。
常和：
just,alreadly,yet,never,ever,now,before,this week,today,these days,once,twice,three times,...
He has gone to Fuzhou.
He has been to Fuzhou.
2) 现在完成时所表示的动作开始于过去，持续到现在，也许还会持续下去常用for 和since表示一段时间的状语或since then(1949,last Monday,two o'clock,从句...,etc.)，ever since then,
for three days(a long time,two hours,...etc.)so far , now, today, this wek (month, year ) 等表示包括现在内的状语。He has studied English for 5 years.
He has studied English since 1985.
Now I have finished the work..
注意：表示短暂时间动作的词（如come, go , die, marry, buy 等）的完成时不能与for, since 等表示一般时间的词连用。
正确：I have bought the book already.
错误：I have bought the book for two years.
改：I have had the bookl for two years.
7．过去完成时的用法
1）过去完成时由“had + 过去分词”构成。过去完成时的动作表示过去某一时刻或某一时刻或某一动作之前完成的动作或状态。句中常用by then(1977,yesterday,eight last night,the time we got there,...etc.)
by the end of last term(week,year,month,...etc.).by, before, until, when 等词引导的时间状语。
By the end of last year we had built five new houses.
I had learnt 5000 words before I entered the university.
2)过去完成时的动词还可表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或状态持续到过去某个时间或持续下去。Before he slept, he had worked for 12 hours.
8．过去将来时的用法
过去将来时表示从过去的某个时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态。过去将来时由“should 或would + 动词原形” 构成。第一人称用should, 其他人称用would. 。常和：
They were sure that they would succeed.
（二）动词语态
1．当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式叫主动语态。句子的主语是动作承受者时，谓语的形式叫被动作语态。被动语态由助动词be + 过去分词构成，时态通过be 表现出来。
1）一般现在时：You are required to do this.
2）一般过去时：The story was told by her.
3）一般将来时：The problem will be discussed tomorrow.
4）现在进行时：The road is being widened.
5）过去进行时：The new tool was being made.
6）现在完成时：The novel has been read.
7）过去完成时：He said that the work had been finished.
8）过去将来时：He said that the trees would be planted soon.
2. 一些特殊的被动结构
1）带情态动词的被动结构：The problem must be solved soon.
2）带不定式的被动结构：The room is going to be painted.
The homework needs to be done with care.
3) 短语动词的被动：
a.（不及物）动词+介词：若这类短语动词是及物性的，则可用于被动语态中，如：laugh at, look after, talk about, think of 等。若这类短语动词是不及物性的则不可用于被动语态中，如：book up, look down. 等
b.（及物）动词+副词：bring about, carry out, find out, make out, put away, put off, take up, turn down, turn out, wipe out等
c. 动词+副词+介词：do away with, face up to, give into ,look down upon, make up with等
d. 动词+名词+介词：catch sight of, keep on eye on, make a fool of , pay attention to , put an end to , set fire/light to , take notice of 等
4) 带复合宾语的动词在改为被动语态时，一般把主动结构中的宾语改为主语，宾语补足语保留在谓语后面。We always keep the classroom clean.
(比较：The classroom is always kept clean.)
5)主动形式表示被动意义的词。常见的有：
a.主动形式，这时动名词同句中的主语有动宾关系。
The children need looking after.
The windows wants /requires repairing.
This point deserves mentioning.
练习题
1. It is a fine day. The sun __________(shine) brightly.
2. They ___________(visit) the Science Museum next Sunday.
3. Mr Brown________(live) in Beijing since he came to China.
4. Mr Wang ________(teach) us English two years ago.
5. The Smiths _______________( watch) TV at this time last night.
6. We __________(learn) about ten English songs by the end of last term.
7. Father said that he ____________(buy) a new bike for me the next Friday.
8. Bill isn?ˉt here. He ___________(chat) with his friends in the classroom.
9. The teacher said that the moon __________(go) round the earth.
10. The Young Pioneers will go to the zoo if it ____________(not rain) this Sunday.
11. Listen! They __________(talk) about the new film.
12. Jim asked us what ___________(happen) in China in 1976.
13. My mobile phone ___________(steal) on a bus last week.
14. The host ____________(interview) the little boy just now.
15. The Greens __________(watch) TV now.
16. He said that he _____________(ring) me up when he got there.
17. We ____________(learn) English for about three years.
18. My brother_____________(join) the League in 1997.
19. The farmers __________(pick) apples when I saw them.
20. The red skirt __________(cost) the girl forty yuan.
21. The film ____________(begin) when I got to the cinema.
22. The girl told me that she wanted to be an English teacher when she _____(grow) up.
23. My sister is a student and she _____________(study) at a middle school nearby.
24. Mr Green __________(travel) to several places in South China since he came here.
25. You _________(catch) the early bus if you get up early.
26. _______you been________(wear) glasses all the time?
27. I’ll go home as soon as I _______(finish) my homework.
29. Most science books are ______(write) in English.
30. I ____________(stay) there for two months last year.
31. Tell Lily to call me as soon as she _______.
A. will arrive
B. gets there
C. has gone
D. reach here
32. ----Hi, Kate. You look tired. What’s the matter? ----I ______ well last night.
A. didn’t sleep
B. don’t sleep
C. haven’t slept
D. won’t sleep
33. ----Excuse me, look at the sign over there, please. Could you stop smoking?
----Sorry, I ____ that.
A. didn’t see
B. don’t see
C. won’t see
D. can’t see
34. ----Well, I found this. I think it must be yours. ----My watch! Thank you. Where _____it?
A. do you find
B. had you found
C. were you finding
D. did you find
35. ----Don you know when Dr White ____ for dinner this evening?
----No, but I think he ____ when he is free.
A. will come; comes
B. will come; will come
C. comes; comes
D. comes; will come
36. Look at those black clouds. It _____ r ain. Let’s hurry. A. maybe B. would C. has D. is going to
37. ----Jimmy is leaving for a holiday. ----Really? Where ____ he ____?
A. has; gone
B. will; go
C. did; go
D. does; go
38. ----Shall we go shopping now? ---Sorry, I can't. I ____ my shirts.
A. wash
B. washes
C. washed
D. am washing
39. ----I called you yesterday evening, but there was no answer.
----Oh, I am sorry. I ___ dinner at my friend's home.
A. have
B. had
C. was having
D. have had
40. The Oriental Pearl TV Tower ____ thousands of visitors since 1995.
A. attracted
B. attracts
C. has attracted
D. will attract
46. ----Why didn't you go to the cinema yesterday? -----Because I ____ the film before.
A. had seen
B. have seen
C. have watched
D. has watched
47. I don't think John saw me. He ____ a book at that moment.
A. just read
B. has just read
C. was just reading
D. had just read
48. Mr Smith ____ a book about China last year but I don't know whether he has finished it.
A. has written
B. wrote
C. had written
D. was writing
49. Mr White ____ the newspaper while his daughter ____TV.
A. has read; was watching
B. was reading; watched
C. was reading; was watching
D. reading; watched
50. ---- I ____ you at the meeting. Why? ----I was ill. A. saw B. have seen C. not see D. didn't see
51. The 29th Olympic Games ____ in Beijing in 2008. A. hold B. will hold C. will be held D. held
52. Hurry up! The play ____ for ten minutes. A. has been on B. has begun C. had begun D. began
53. ----May I speak to Mr Smith? ----Sorry, he ____ Australia. But he ____ in two days.
A. has been to; will come back
B. has gone to; will be back
C. has been in; would come back
D. is leaving for; doesn't come back
54. I can't go to the theater tonight because I ____ my ticket.
A. have lost
B. had lost
C. will lose
D. was losing
55. ----What a nice bike! How long ____ you ____ it? ----Just two weeks.
A. have; bought
B. did; buy
C. have; had
D. are; having
56. ----I'm sorry to have kept you waiting. ----Oh, not at all. I ____ here only for a few minutes.
A. have come
B. had been
C. was
D. have been
57. ----____ my dictionary anywhere? ---- Yes. I saw it on your desk a moment ago.
A. Did you see
B. If you see
C. Had you seen
D. Would you see
58. We were all surprised when he mad it clear that he ____ office soon.
A. leaves
B. would leave
C. will leave
D. had left
答案：
I. 1. shines/ is shining 2. are going to/ will visit 3. has lived 4. taught
5. were watching
6. had learned
7. would buy
8. is chatting
9. goes 10.
doesn't rain 11. are talking 12. happened 13. was stolen 14. interviewed
15. are watching
16. would ring 17. have learned 18. joined 19. were picking 20. cost
21. had begun 22. grew 23. studies 24. has traveled 25. will catch
26. Have; wearing 27. finish 28. haven't heard 29. written 30. stayed
II. 31--35 BAADB 36--40 DBDCC 41--45 ACBAC 46--50 ACDCD
51--55 CABAC 56--60 DABDA 61--65 BDBAB 66-70 BDABC 71--75 BCADD
初中英语语法八大时态总结
初中英语语法八大时态 1.结构 肯定句式: 主语+动词原形/动词的第三人称单数+其他 否定句式: 主语+（助动词）don't/doesn't +动词原形+其他 一般疑问句式: Do/Does+主语+动词原形+其他 简略回答: (肯)Yes,主语+do/does (否)No,主语+do/does not 缩写形式: don't = do not doesn't = does not 例句：He often goes swimming in summer. I usually leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2.用法 1）表示经常的、习惯性的动作或存在的状态，常与表示频度的副词连用。 常用的频度副词有：always、often、usually、seldom、never、sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays.频度副词在句中通常放在行为动词之前，系动词、助动词之后。 例如: He often goes swimming in summer. I usually leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2）表示主语具备的性格、特征和能力等。 例如：All my family love football . My sister is always ready to help others . Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 3)表示客观真理、客观存在、自然现象。 例如：The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China. 4）表示按计划或安排好的，或将要发生的动作，可用一般现在时表将来。 但只限于start,begin,leave,go,come,arrive,return,take place等。 例如：The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. He comes back tonight. 5）在复合句中，当主句是一般将来时，时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时来表示将来要发生的动作。 例如：I'll tell him the news when he comes back. If you take the job , they will talk with you in greater details. 1.结构 肯定句式: 主语+动词过去式+其他 否定句式: 主语+（助动词）didn’t +动词原形+其他 一般疑问句式: Did+主语+动词原形+其他
初中英语语法——动词的时态
动词的时态 一、考点解读 今天我们复习动词的时态，英语的时态是同学们学习英语的难点，在各地的中考题目中许多题型都会有对于动词时态的考查。出现较多的是在单选，完形填空，及其在第二卷中出现的根据汉语意思填词的题目，还包括翻译句子，书面表达。可以说中考题目中大部分都会涉及到动词的时态。既是难点也是重点。在今天的专题中我们复习初中阶段需要掌握的八个时态。 1．一般现在时 2．现在进行时 3．一般过去时 4．过去进行时 5．一般将来时 6．过去将来时 7．现在完成时 8．过去完成时 二、专题梳理 初中阶段所学的英语的时态有8种。英语的时态有很强的表达能力，能使句子的意思明确，能显示细微的差异，能使句子生动逼真。但它们不是相当灵活，在不同的时间中，要用不同的形式，这是与中文大不相同的地方。 1．一般现在时：一般现在时是描述经常性、反复性的动作、性质或状态的时态。 （1）一般现在时的时间状语通常有： ①often ②usually ③always
④seldom ⑤sometimes ⑥every＋时间 ⑦次数＋时间 ⑧on＋时间 ⑨in＋时间 ⑩没有时间，但表示客观存在的事实 （2）一般现在时动词的形式主要用动词原形表示，但如果主语是单数第三人称时，则在动词后加s或es，变成否定句和疑问句时，又将s、es去掉，还为原形。 ①be动词的一般现在时的构成 否定式和疑问否定式如下表所示： ②其他实义动词的一般现在时的构成
其他实义动词一般现在时的构成如下 表所示（以动词work为例） 特别提示： have(has)在表示“有”时，否定形式为haven’t(hasn’t)或have not(has not)，变为疑问句时可直接把have(has)放在句首也可借助于助动词do(does)。当不表示“有”的意思时，其否定句和疑问句只能加助动词do(does)构成。 e.g.Has she any experience in teaching piano lessons？(√) Does she have any experience in teaching piano lessons？(√) 她有教钢琴的经验吗？ Had you a good time going hiking yesterday？(×) Did you have a good time going hiking yesterday？(√) 你昨天徒步旅行玩得开心吗？
(专题精选)初中英语语法知识—副词的全集汇编附解析
一、选择题 1．The poor woman lives _________.But she never feels ________. A．alone; lonely B．lonely; lonely C．alone; alone D．lonely; alone 2．My sister is too young to_______herself_______. A．look at;good B．look like;well C．look after;good D．look after;well 3．—You’re going to Hong Kong. What are you doing_______? —I’m going sightseeing. It will be ________time in Hong Kong. A．to there; the first B．there; my first C．in there; my first D．there; my the first 4．Jack sings _________ and he is a _________ singer(歌手). A．nice; good B．well; good C．good; well 5．—How often does he watch TV? —He watches TV. A．hard ever B．ever C．never 6．—Susan, someone is waiting for you on the phone. It_______ be your sister, but I’m not sure.— Oh, please tell her to call me_______ be cause I’m busy now. A．might; later B．must; later C．might; late D．must; late 7．Li Hua studies very_______ and her English is_______ in her class. A．hardly; good B．hardly; well C．hard; best D．hard; the best 8．My brother plays soccer . A．good B．well C．great 9．My mother usually at 5:30 in the afternoon. A．get home B．get to home C．gets to home D．gets home 10．—I can’t find my dog. —________ you can ask the policeman for help. A．Why not B．May be C．Shall D．Perhaps 11．We’ll meet kinds of difficulti es in our lives in the future.We should learn to be ________any challenge! A．confident enough to take on B．active enough to take up C．enough careful to take up D．enough patient to take on 12．—Do you often go shopping with your mom, Mike? —You know, most boys ________ go shopping, but I do. A．sometimes B．usually C．hardly 13．Suzy felt _________ when she studied __________ in London. A．alone; lonely B．alone; alone C．lonely; lonely D．lonely; alone 14．—Kitty is very good at musical instruments.
中考初中英语语法八大时态总结(附答案)
中考初中英语语法八大时态总结（附答案） 初中英语语法八大时态 1.结构 肯定句式: 主语+动词原形/动词的第三人称单数+其他 否定句式: 主语+（助动词） don't/doesn't +动词原形+其他 一般疑问句式: Do/Does+主语+动词原形+其他 简略回答: (肯)Yes,主语+do/does (否)No,主语+do/does not 缩写形式: don't = do not doesn't = does not 例句：He often goes swimming in summer. I usually leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2.用法 1）表示经常的、习惯性的动作或存在的状态，常与表示频度的副词连用。 常用的频度副词有： always、often、 usually、seldom、never、sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays.频度副词在句中通常放在行为动词之前，系动词、助动词之后。 例如: He often goes swimming in summer. I usually leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2）表示主语具备的性格、特征和能力等。 例如：All my family love football . My sister is always ready to help others . Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 3)表示客观真理、客观存在、自然现象。 例如：The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China. 4）表示按计划或安排好的，或将要发生的动作，可用一般现在时表将来。 但只限于start,begin,leave,go,come,arrive,return,take place等。 例如：The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. He comes back tonight. 5）在复合句中，当主句是一般将来时，时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时来表示将来要发生的动作。 例如： I'll tell him the news when he comes back. If you take the job , they will talk with you in greater details. 1.结构 肯定句式: 主语+动词过去式+其他 否定句式: 主语+（助动词）didn’t +动词原形+其他
(完整word版)初中英语语法讲解大全,推荐文档
初中英语语法讲解 在中考单项选择试题中，除了时态，名词的考查频率也较高。一般考查以下几点： 一、可数名词与不可数名词 在可数名词与不可数名词上一般出现这样几类，（1）分辨是哪一类名词，并根据结论做选择。（2）可数名词复数的不规则变化。（3）不可数名词的量化表达。所以，考生首先要能够明确哪些是可数名词，哪些是不可数名词。其次，还要知道可数名词的复数的变化规则。可数名词的变化规则一般是在单词后面加-s 或-es，如： 1desk---desks bed---beds piano---pianos hat---hats bag---bags photo---phot os 2bus---buses box---boxes watch---watches brush---brushes 3tomato---tomatoes potato---potatoes hero---heroes Negro---Negroes 4 leaf---leaves knife---knives 5baby---babies family---families 另外，还要记住一些特殊的名词的变化形式，如： Chinese---Chinese Japanese---Japanese Englishman---Englishmen Frenchman---Frenchmen Russian---Russians American---Americans
German --- Germans child---children foot---feet man---men woman---women tooth---teeth goose --- geese deer---deer sheep---sheep 还要掌握不可数名词的量化表达有：a piece of、a bag of、a bottle of、a cup of、a glass of 另外，大家应注意：单数集合名词作主语时谓语动词“数的”变化：单数集合名词如class, police, family, school, group, team等。尽管形式上是单数，意义上都是复数，因此，一般要与复数谓语动词连用，例如： Class Five have a foreign friend. 五班有一位外国朋友。（这里的五班指五班的同学的。） His family are good to me. 他的家人对我很好。（很显然，这里的family指家庭成员。）当上述集合名词着重指“整体”时，意义上则是单数，因此，要与单数谓语动词连用。例如， Our school team often plays well in our city. 我们的校队经常在我们市踢得很好。（这里的team 指整个队，但意义上仍为单数，故谓语动词用plays. 初中英语语法讲解二、名词所有格 名词所有格有两种形式：一是加’s，一种是用of来表示。一般情况
初中英语语法--时态
一、一般现在时： 1. .概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。 2．用法 1）.表示经常的或习惯性的动作，常与表示频率的时间状语连用。 2）.表示主语具备的性格、能力、特征和状态 3）.表示客观事实和普遍真理。 4）.在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，常用一般现在时代替将来时。 5）表示预先计划或安排好的行为。 6）表示格言或警句中。Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。 一般现在时常与下列时间状语连用：always, usually, often, s ometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays, He is always ready to help others. Action speaks louder than words. 3.基本结构：动词原形（如主语为第三人称单数，动词上要加- (e)s ） It seldom snows here. 4.否定形式：am/is/are+not;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。 5.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首；用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。 二、一般过去时： 1.概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。 .基本结构： be动词（was/ were）；行为动词的过去式；情态动词的过去式+动词原形 否定形式：was/were+not;在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词。
初中英语语法动词时态
初中英语语法总结 ( 动词的时态) 11.1 一般现在时的用法 1）经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。时间状语：every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday。例如： I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七点离开家。 2）客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。例如： The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕太阳转动。 Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国东部。 3）表示格言或警句。例如： Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。 注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。例：Columbus proved that the earth is round. 哥伦布证实了地球是圆的。 4）现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。例如： I don't want so much. 我不要那么多。 Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 安英语写得不错，讲的可不行。 比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup. 把糖放入杯子。 I am doing my homework now. 我正在做功课。 第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。第二句中的now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现在时。11.2 一般过去时的用法 1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。例如：时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。例如： Where did you go just now? 刚才你上哪儿去了？ 2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。例如： When I was a child, I often played football in the street. 我是个孩子的时候，常在马路上踢足球。 Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome.
初中英语语法专项训练介词讲解
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初中英语语法知识—动词时态的解析
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初中英语语法专题讲解
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初中英语语法知识—动词时态的单元汇编含答案
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初中英语语法知识—动词时态的专项训练及答案
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《中考英语》初中英语语法知识—形容词的专项训练解析附答案
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