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8月TOEFL语法笔记

8月TOEFL语法笔记
8月TOEFL语法笔记

2001年8月TOEFL语法笔记

1. Geothermal energy is a potentially inexhaustible energy source ______been tapped by humans

for centuries but, until recent years, only on a small scale.

(A) has it

(B) has

(C) that has

(D) that it has

Key:C

分析:考点是定语成分。空格前后都有谓语,可见空格应该是不是连词就是从句引导词。答案C,定语从句。

(A)少从句引导词,而同一句子不能有2个谓语,错;

(B)同上理

(D)定语从句的关系代词在句中是作成分的,而此项多了个主语it,错。

参考译文:地热能是潜在的用不完的能量源,已经被人们抽用了几个世纪,但是直到最近几年,还只是很少一部分。

2. The importance of the hand, and more generally of the body, in children’s acquisition of

arithmetic_____.

(A) can hardly be exaggerated

(B) hardly exaggerated can be

(C) can be exaggerate hardly

(D) exaggerated can be hardly

Key:A

分析:考点是平行结构。句子的前面是3个并列的主语,而空格则应该是谓语。A对,符合英语的表达习惯。

(A)(B)(D)语序混乱。标准语序应该是:助动词+ 副词+ 动词

参考译文:手的重要性,更普遍的还有身体的重要性,在孩子们算术知识获得的过程中很难被夸大。

3. ______ is present in the body in greater amounts than any other mineral.

(A) Calcium

(B) There is calcium

(C) Calcium, which

(D) It is calcium

Key:A

分析:考点是主谓结构。空格后是谓语,则空格应该是句子主语。A对。单个名词作主语。

(B)其使句子有2个谓语,错;

(C)which引导了定语从句,那主语就没有了谓语,错;

(D)同理B。

参考译文:钙存在于体内,其数量上比其它的矿物质都大。

4. _______ the evidence is inconclusive, it is thought that at least some seals have an

echolocation system akin to that of bats, porpoises, and shrews.

(A) Rather

(B) Despite

(C) Although

(D) Why

Key:C

分析:考点是状语成分。此题有2套完整的主谓宾,则前面的空格应该填一个从句连词。由句意,前后2个分句应该是转折关系。C对。

(A)rather 是副词,无法引导从句,错;

(B)despite 是介词,无法引导从句,错;

(D)疑问词why也不能引导从句,不对。

参考译文:尽管这个证据是非决定性的,但还是被认为至少一些海豹拥有一个和蝙蝠,海豚,鼩鼱类似的回声定位系统。

5. The total mass of all asteroids in the solar system is much less ______ mass of Earth’s Moon.

(A) than that is the

(B) than the

(C) the

(D) is the

Key:B

分析:考点是固定结构。much less (more) than是个固定用法,答案B。

(A)that 无所指,多余了;

(C)形容词less 后面无法直接名词,除非中间有介词;

(D)同一单句不可能有2个谓语。

参考译文:银河系中所有小行星的总质量远远小于月亮的。

6. Like bacteria, protozoans _______by splitting in two.

(A) reproducing

(B) reproduce

(C) to reproduce

(D) reproduction

Key:B

分析:考点是主谓结构。很明显,空格处该填谓语动词。B正确。

(A)分词不能做谓语;

(C)不定式不能做谓语;

(D)名词做谓语就更离谱了。

参考译文:象细菌一样,原生动物通过一分为二来进行繁殖。

7. ______main processes involved in virtually all manufacturing: extraction,assembly,and

alteration.

(A) There are three

(B) Three

(C) The three

(D) Three of the

Key:A

分析:考点是主谓结构和固定句型。由句意,involved在此应该表示被动,可前面却没有助动词be,所以空格处应该包含由谓语。A正确。There be 句型,表示存在的有。

(B)理由见上,如选B,involved前没有助动词,而不能构成谓语;

(C)基数词前面不用the;

(D)同理B。

参考译文:在所有实际的制造业中,包含着提取、装配和改造这三个主要的过程。

8. Most documentary filmmakers use neither actors _______studio setting.

(A) or else

(B) but not

(C) nor

(D) and

Key:C

分析:考点是固定结构。neither ……nor 是个固定句型。C正确。

(A)(B)(D)都与neither无此搭配。

参考译文:大多数纪录片的制片人既不使用演员也不采用摄影背景。

9. Salamanders are sometime confused with lizards, but unlike lizards ________no scales or

claws.

(A) that they have

(B) to have

(C) they have

(D) are having

Key:C

分析:考点是主谓结构。but 引导的是并列分句,空格处填主谓。unlike lizards 只是一个插入语。C 对。

(A)that多余,它既没有引导从句,也没有在句中做成分;

(B)无主语,而且不定式也不能做谓语;

(D)无主语。

参考译文:火蜥蜴和蜥蜴有时候会混淆,但是不像蜥蜴,火蜥蜴没有鳞片和爪子。

10. The province of Alberta lies along three of the major North American flyways

Used by birds _______between their winter and summer homes.

(A) the migration

(B) migrating

(C) migrate

(D) and migrate

Key:B

分析:考点是定语成分。此题主谓已经全了,by后面的birds 不能在跟谓语,只能是分词等非谓语。答案B,现在分词作定语。

(A)名词接名词一般不对;

(C)by不能引导从句;

(D)and找不到与其并列的成分。

参考译文:Alberta省坐落在沿着三条主要的候鸟在北美冬夏迁徙的路上。

11. Astronomers estimate ______called the Pleiades in the constellation Taurus is 415 light-years

away from Earth.

(A) that a loose cluster of stars

(B) a loose cluster of stars is

(C) that is a loose cluster of stars

(D) there is a loose cluster of stars

Key:A

分析:考点是宾语从句。estimate是及物动词,后面的空格应该是宾语,或者宾语从句。答案A。从句,其谓语是后面的is。

(B)其谓语和后面的谓语矛盾了,一个句子只能有一个谓语;

(C)同上理;

(D)同上理。

参考译文:天文学家估算,金牛星座中的名叫昂宿星云的一堆松散星星离地球有415光年

12. Pearl Sydenstricker Buck, _____ the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1938, is Best known for her

novels about China.

(A) won

(B) winner of

(C) to win

(D) who the winner of

Key:B

分析:考点是同位语。句子的主谓都很容易找到,中间部分是主语的同位语,或者是定语从句等。答案B,名词短语作主语同位语。此种类型的题目T中较常见。

(A)其谓语和后面的谓语矛盾了,一个句子只能有一个谓语;

(C)to win表示将来要进行的,显然和原意相反;

(D)看上去象定语从句,可是差从句谓语。

参考译文:1938年诺贝尔文学奖得主PSB,是因她的关于中国的小说而闻名于世的。13. Stage producers Klaw and Erlanger were the first to eliminate arguments among leading

performers _______in order of appearance, instead of prominence.

(A) of whom list the program

(B) the program listing

(C) for them the program listed

(D) by listing them on the program

Key:D

分析:考点是状语成分。空格前是个完整的主谓宾结构,空格处应该是状语,或者是定语从句。答案D。by 引导的方式方法状语从句。

(A)从句少谓语;

(B)名词后不能直接接名词;

(C)for sb. or sth. 做逻辑主语后接to do结构。

参考译文:舞台制片KLAW和ERLANGER是最早把演员按出场次序排在节目单上而不是按显要程度排列,这样来减少主演之间的争执。

14. During the decades after the United States Civil War, a host of technical advances made

possible ______and uniformity of railroad service.

(A) a new integration

(B) for a new integration

(C) that a new integration

(D) and a new integration

Key:A

分析:考点是make句型。make possible sth/that.是个固定句型。答案A。

(B)made 后面没有了宾语;

(C)that后面没有谓语,无法构成从句;

(D)made 后面没有了宾语,而且and 前后也不是平行结构。

参考译文:在美国内战后的十年间,许多技术的发展使铁路服务新的综合一致成为了可能。

15. Forests stabilize _____and retain precipitation, thereby helping to prevent erosion and regulate

the flow of streams.

(A) to the soil

(B) the soil

(C) where the soil

(D) the soil is

Key:B

分析:考点是平行结构。and 连接平行结构,其后面是个动宾结构,那么前面也肯定是个类似的。B 正确。The soil 作为stabilize 的宾语。

(A)stabilize 是及物动词,不需要介词就可以直接接宾语;

(C)where引导的从句后面没有谓语;

(D)is 后面没有表语。

参考译文:森林使土壤稳定并且保持了降雨量,从而有帮防止腐蚀和控制河水的泛滥。

16. Modem societies are such complex that they could not exist without a well-developed

A B C

system of law.

D

Key:A

分析:考点是固定结构。so ……that 是个固定句型,意为太……以至于。A错,没有such ……that 这种搭配。

改正:such so

参考译文:现代社会是如此复杂以至于他们不能脱离健全的法律系统而存在。

17. Altitude, climate, temperature, and the length of the growing season both determine

A B C

Where plants will grow.

D

Key:C

分析:考点是词的误用。both 用于两者同时都。可前面的主语却是并列的4个,这时候应该用副词all。C错。

改正:both → all

参考译文:海拔、天气、温度和季节变化的长度都将决定植物生长在哪里。

18. The bathyscaphe, a free-moving vessel designed for underwater exploration, consists of a

A B

Flotation compartment with a observation capsule attached underneath it.

C D

Key:D

分析:考点是固定搭配。attach to是个固定搭配。D错。

改正:attached underneath → attached to

参考译文:深海潜水器, 一个特别为海底探险设计的自由移动船只,由一个有观察舱在其下的浮选厢构成的。

19. Water constitutes almost 96 percent of the body weight of a jellyfish, so if a jellyfish

A B

were to dry out in the sun, it would virtually disappeared.

C D

Key:D

分析:考点是情态动词。would 后面要用原形。D错。

改正:disappeared → disappear

参考译文:水分占了水母身体重量的96%, 因此水母在太阳下会干枯,它将实际上消失。

20. The most important parameters affecting a rocket’s maximum flight velocity is the

A

relationship between the vehicle’s mass and the amount of propellant it can carry.

B C D

Key:A

分析:考点是主谓一致。主语是parameters ,可谓语却是is。A错。

改正:parameters → parameter

参考译文:影响火箭最大飞行速度的最重要的因素是其质量和推进器能够运载的重量。

21. There were once only eight major lakes or reservoirs in Texas, but today there are over 180,

A B

many built to storing water against periodic droughts.

C D

Key:D

分析:考点是动词不定式。此处的to 是不定式,后面应该接动词原形。D错。

改正:to storing→to store

参考译文:在Texas曾经仅仅只有8个湖或者水库,但是如今超过了180个,许多建造来蓄水应付定期的干旱。

22. All harmonized music that is not contrapuntal depends from the relationship of chords,

A B C

which are either consonant or dissonant.

D Key:B

分析:考点是固定搭配。depend on 是个固定搭配。B错。

改正:depends from → depends on

参考译文:所有并非由对位而形成的和谐的音乐都是依靠一致或者不一致的玄之间的关系所形成。

23. Expressionist drama often shows the influence of modern psychology by reflecting the

A B C

frustrations inner of the dramatist.

D

Key:D

分析:考点是语序。名词修饰名词时,前面的名词必须是单数。答案D。

改正:frustrations inner→ inner frustrations

参考译文:表现主义的戏剧经常通过戏剧家内心的挫折感来表现出现代心理学对它的影响。

24. It is the number, kind, and arrange of teeth that determine whether a mammal is classified

A B C

as a carnivore not the food that the animal actually eats.

D

Key:B

分析:考点是平行结构。and 前后是平行结构,词性应当一样,arrange是动词,而其他都是名词。B 错。

改正:arrange→ arrangement

参考译文:就是牙齿的颗数、种类和排列决定了哺乳动物是否被分类成为肉食型的动物,不是动物真正吃得那些.

25. The sea otter is well adapted at its marine existence, with ears and nostrils that can be

A B C D

closed under water.

Key:B

分析:考点是固定搭配。adapt to表示适合的意思。B错。

改正:at → to

参考译文:海獭以它能够在水下密封耳朵和鼻孔, 很好的适应了海洋中的生存。

26. Petroleum, which currently makes up about four-tenths of the world’s energy production,

A B

supplies more commercial energy than any another source.

C D

Key:C

分析:考点是词的误用。another 意为:另一个,又一个。在这比较结构中无法表示范围的限定。C 错。应该是other :其它的,表示一个范围。而且any other为固定搭配,没有any another的说法。改正:any another → any other

参考译文:石油,其现在构成了世界能源产量的4/10,它比其他的能源对商业能源的供给都多。

27. Someone may refuse to recognize the seriousness of an emotionally threatening situation

A B C

and perceive as less threatening.

D

Key:D

分析:考点是动词的用法。perceive是及物动词,后面得跟宾语。D错。

改正:perceive as→ perceive it as

参考译文:有些人会拒绝承认情绪惊恐情形的严重性,并且认为其是不太危险的。

28. Through experiments with marine organisms, marine biologists can increase our knowledge

A B

of human reproductive and development as well as our understanding of the nervous system.

C D

Key:C

分析:考点是词的误用。reproductive一般用做形容词,作为名词是:母体的意思。用于此处不对。改正:reproductive → reproduction

参考译文:通过用海洋生物做实验,海洋生物学家可以象了解我们的神经系统一样的来对人类繁殖和发展的知识面做一个拓宽。

29. When swollen by melting snow or heavy rain, some rivers routinely overflow its banks.

A B C D

Key:D

分析:考点是词的误用。its 指代的是some rivers,明显错。

改正:its→ their

参考译文:当被溶雪和大雨涨满了水,一些河流就漫过了它们的河堤。

30. In 1884 Belva Lockwood, a lawyer who had appeared before the Supreme Court, became

A B

the first woman was nominated for President of the United States.

C D

Key:D

分析:考点是固定句型。the first ……to 个固定句型。D错。

改正:was nominated → to be nominated

参考译文:1884年的Belva Lockwood ,一个在最高法院前出现的律师,成为了第一个被提名为美国总统侯选人的妇女。

31. The taller of all animals, a full-grown giraffe may be eighteen feet or more high.

A B C D

Key:A

分析:考点是词的误用。表示在一个群体范围内比较,应该用最高级。A错。

改正:taller→ tallest

参考译文:长颈鹿,所有动物中最高的, 可以有18英尺或者更高。

32. Physicists have known since the early nineteenth century that all matter is made up of tiny

A B C

extremely particles called atoms.

D

Key:D

分析:考点是语序。副词修饰形容词应该放在前面。D错。

改正:tiny extremely → extremely tiny

参考译文:物理学家19世纪早期就知道,所有的物体都是由极小的被称为原子的微粒构成。

33. Rain is slight acidic even in unpolluted air, because carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and

A B C

other natural acid-forming gases dissolve in the water.

D

Key:A

分析:考点是词的误用。修饰形容词的应该是副词。A错。

改正:slight → slightly

参考译文:即使在未受污染的空气里面,雨还是轻微偏酸性的,因为空气中的二氧化碳和其他天然的酸性气体溶解在了水里。

34. In a stock company, a troupe of actors performs in a particular theater, presenting plays from

A B

its repertory of prepare productions.

C D

Key:D

分析:考点是词的误用。动词无法直接修饰名词。D错。

改正:prepare → preparing

参考译文:在股份制公司,一个剧组的演员在特定的戏院演出,上演的节目是从他们准备好的剧目里面挑的。

35. Established in 1860, the Government Printing Office prints and binds documents for all

A B

department of the United States government.

C D

Key:C

分析:名词的单复数。all 后面的名词应该用复数。C错。

改正:department →departments

参考译文:建立于1860年,政府印刷所为美国政府的所有部门印刷和装订档案。

36. Ethnology, usually considered a branch of cultural anthropology, is often defined as the

A B

scientifically study of the origin and functioning of humans and their culture.

C

Key:C

分析:考点是词的误用。修饰名词的应该是形容词。C错。

改正:scientifically → scientific

参考译文:人种学,通常被视为人类文化的一个分支,其一般定义为人类和其文化的起源,功能的科学研究。

37. The one-fluid theory of electricity was proposing by Benjamin Franklin, a man famous for his

A B C D wide interests and great attainments.

Key:B

分析:考点是动词的语态。由by sb.可知,这是个被动语态。B错。

改正:proposing → proposed

参考译文:电的流体理论是Benjamin Franklin提出的,他因广泛的兴趣和伟大的成就而闻名于世。

38. Probably not speech of so few words has ever been as celebrated as Lincoln’s Gettysburg

A B C D

Address.

Key:A

分析:考点是词的误用。not 是副词,不能修饰名词。A错。

改正:not → no

参考译文:也许,没有如此简短的演说会象曾经的宁肯葛底斯堡演讲那么著名了。

39. Generally, Abstract Expressionist art is without recognizable images and does not adhere

A B C

the Limits of conventional form.

C D

Key:C

分析:考点是固定搭配。adhere 是不及物动词,不能直接接宾语。

改正:adhere→ adhere to

参考译文:通常,抽象表现主义艺术没有可辨别的图象,并且也不受传统形式的限制。

40. Although complete paralysis is rare with neuritis, some degree of muscle weakness

A B C D

common.

Key:D

分析:考点是谓语单一原则。主句的主语是degree,后面却没有谓语。D错。

改正:weakness common→weakness is common

参考译文:虽然神经炎很少引起完全的麻痹,但是一定程度上的肌肉松软还是普遍的。

女人,应该活出自己的自信和精彩,不能把赖以生存的东西寄托在他人身上,不管他多么爱你,终有一天会厌倦你的依赖和无所事事。越有能力的女人,越自信;越有能力的女人,

越可爱;越有能力的女人,越值得拥有和疼惜。

爱情,充满了热烈和激情,在热情恋爱中的男女,都会忽略掉对方的缺点,看到的都是优点,甚至失去理智和冷静。倘若恋爱时候,太过于理智和冷静,可能就不叫爱情。再热烈

的爱,都有冷却的时候,冷却后的我们,始终是要考虑现实生活里的柴米油盐酱醋茶的。

最好的爱情,是能够经历时间的考验,在激情过后,依然愿意陪你在俗世烟火里,看细水长流。都说陪伴是最长情的爱,但是最好的陪伴,就是简单的柴米油盐。

人生充满世味,需要醉人的浪漫,更离不开俗世烟火,然而不是每一个人都会因为爱情,而走进一生无悔的圆满婚姻里。再浪漫的婚姻,都离不开柴米油盐酱醋茶的瓢碗碰撞。好

的爱情和婚姻,是两个人同视着一个方向,携手并进。

在婚姻里,女人的独立并不是为了证明什么?而是让自己活的更精彩,让生活更幸福。优秀的女人,也会让你更具有魅力。真正爱你的人,不光让你有丰衣足食的生活,更会让你

越来越优秀。

一个聪明的女人,她不会因为安逸的生活去爱上一个男人,她会因为这个男人的优秀而义无反顾的爱上他。一般来说,男人和女人,是一样的,都希望另一半是可以在生活里独立

行走的人,是可以给自己成长和进步的人,能够让自己有安全感,绝不是在患得患失里生活。

真正爱你的人,没有配不配,也许对方不是最好条件的一个,但一定是那个可以让你进步,也最让你悸动心灵的人。没有谁愿意看到自己的另一半,每一天都在浑浑噩噩不思进取

的活着。

爱你的人,相处中会让你越活越漂亮,越活越精彩。在爱情的路上,两个真心相爱的人,会彼此相互成长,相互快乐的进步。

你也许不优秀,但是因为爱,优秀可以影响你,这就叫,近朱者赤。若真心爱对方,不妨彼此一起努力,彼此鼓励,彼此进步,让距离不再越来越远。

距离近了,心才能更好的靠近。真爱对方,有时候也会相互改变。能够为了你改变自己,让自己变得更优秀的人,才是最爱你的人。

第一名:天蝎座

天蝎男必定是隐私保护的最好的男人咯!就连天蝎男的很多想法都不是那么容易就被理解的呢!天蝎座的男人大脑很复杂,总部是那么容易就被人了解的,即便你们已经认识了很

长时间,或许你都不是那么容易就了解天蝎男的心里在想什么呢!不过天蝎座的男人在爱情上说专情真的是温柔极致,可是另一方面在暧昧这方面,天蝎男也的确不是一个省油的灯呢!

天蝎座的男人总是惹的身边女人都对自己有些小情愫哦!

第二名:巨蟹座

巨蟹男对家庭是很偏爱的,但有时候作为中央空调的他会跟身边的很多女人暧昧,当控制不住自己感情的时候,巨蟹男也会做出一些出格的事情,不过这个时候的巨蟹男会尽可能

的隐藏自己的感情,不管有多喜欢情人,或者是有多少小秘密,巨蟹男都当作是没有发生过一样的捍卫自己的家庭,的确像巨蟹男这样负责任的男人很少见,可是巨蟹男也是有些小秘

密的哦!只不过巨蟹座的男人想法比较谨慎和细致,哪怕是敏感的女人,也不是那么容易就能够发现的呢!

第三名:双子座

双子男生活中是一个比较多变的人,不是那么容易就被人发现双子男的小秘密呢!双子座的男人并不用那个刻意的隐藏自己,双子男说的话你就分不出究竟是真是假,这大概就是

双子男善变的性格吧!即便是你抓到了什么蛛丝马迹,双子男也会很有办法来磨平的,再加上双子座的男人身边的朋友很多,这些狐朋狗友当中帮双子男说话的人也不在少数呢!所以

呀!双子座的男人的确是把自己的隐私保护的很好呢!劝你还是拉拢一下双子男的朋友了解他不愿被你知道的事情吧!

第一名:天蝎座

天蝎男必定是隐私保护的最好的男人咯!就连天蝎男的很多想法都不是那么容易就被理解的呢!天蝎座的男人大脑很复杂,总部是那么容易就被人了解的,即便你们已经认识了很

长时间,或许你都不是那么容易就了解天蝎男的心里在想什么呢!不过天蝎座的男人在爱情上说专情真的是温柔极致,可是另一方面在暧昧这方面,天蝎男也的确不是一个省油的灯呢!

天蝎座的男人总是惹的身边女人都对自己有些小情愫哦!

第二名:巨蟹座

巨蟹男对家庭是很偏爱的,但有时候作为中央空调的他会跟身边的很多女人暧昧,当控制不住自己感情的时候,巨蟹男也会做出一些出格的事情,不过这个时候的巨蟹男会尽可能的隐藏自己的感情,不管有多喜欢情人,或者是有多少小秘密,巨蟹男都当作是没有发生过一样的捍卫自己的家庭,的确像巨蟹男这样负责任的男人很少见,可是巨蟹男也是有些小秘密的哦!只不过巨蟹座的男人想法比较谨慎和细致,哪怕是敏感的女人,也不是那么容易就能够发现的呢!

第三名:双子座

双子男生活中是一个比较多变的人,不是那么容易就被人发现双子男的小秘密呢!双子座的男人并不用那个刻意的隐藏自己,双子男说的话你就分不出究竟是真是假,这大概就是双子男善变的性格吧!即便是你抓到了什么蛛丝马迹,双子男也会很有办法来磨平的,再加上双子座的男人身边的朋友很多,这些狐朋狗友当中帮双子男说话的人也不在少数呢!所以呀!双子座的男人的确是把自己的隐私保护的很好呢!劝你还是拉拢一下双子男的朋友了解他不愿被你知道的事情吧!

TOEFL语法讲解

1995年01月语法题 1. An underlying assumption of most market research is that people are continually _____ financial decisions based on their desire for goods that give them the most satisfaction. (A) making (B) and make (C) being made (D) having made 答案:A 测试点:谓语。 分析:that从句中有主语但谓语不全,选择(A)making与系词and组成进行时。 解题要点:continully和always等词常与进行时连用,表示“一贯如此”。 2. _____ tempera paint, the artist mixes dry pigments with water until the mixture resembles a stiff paste. (A) In preparation (B) The preparing of (C) To prepare (D) Prepared 答案:C 测试点:状语/不定式。 分析:逗号后为句子,逗号前为状语。动词不定式(C)作目的状语。 3. When two straight lines meet, _____ an angle. (A) it is formed (B) formed (C) they form (D) to form 答案:C 测试点:主谓结构。 分析:逗号前为when引导的从句,逗号后应是主句。主句主、谓语俱缺,应在答案 中选择主语+动词的形式,即(A)或(C)。(A)用了形式主语n,但空格后并无真正的主语部分。故选(C) 4. Madge Macklin promoted the expansion of medical training to include genetics _____ supported the founding of genetics departments in North American medical schools. (A) nor (B) and (C) while (D) if 答案:B 测试点:连词。 分析:空格前为主谓语完整的句子,空格后又出现一谓语动词,即全句有一个主语,两个谓语。这两个谓语动词之间应用and连接,故选(B)。(A)用于否定句;(C)后接句子或现在分词短语;(D)接从句。 5. _____ mammals have hair at some time in their lives, though in certain whales it is present only before birth. (A) Most (B) The most (C) Most of which (D) In most of the 答案:A 测试点:定语。

97年10 月托福听力文字带答案

97年10月托福听力文字 Part A 1. A: Have you saved enough to buy that new printer for your computer yet? B: You know money seems to be burning a hold in my pocket latterly. Maybe next month. What does the man mean? (A) He doesn't have enough money to buy a printer now. (B) He's not sure how much a printer costs. (C) He'll buy a computer later this week. (D) He lost the money he was saving. 2. A: We need a fourth player for tennis this morning. Do you want to join us? B: I’ve got a class at nine. But Carol’s free and she’s really good. What does the man suggest the woman do? (A) Wait to play until after his 9 o'clock class. (B) Ask Carol to play tennis. (C) Ask Carol if she's going to class. (D) Get a tennis lesson from Carol. 3. A: I don’t understand how this budget was calculated? B: Let me have a look, OK? What does the woman mean? (A) They should ask for an increase in the budget. (B) The calculations appear correct to her. (C) She'll try to see what method was used (D) They need to make a copy of the budget. 4. A: I’m going to the snack bar for a cup of coffee. Would you like me to bring you back something? B: Not from the snack bar. But could you pick up a paper for me? What does the man mean? (A) He could bring something to the woman (B) He'd be happy to go with the woman. (C) He wants the woman to get him a newspaper. (D) He'd like something to eat. 5. A: I’ll be coming straight from work. So I’ll have to pack a change of clothes. B: It’s only a barbecue. Jeans and a T-shirt will be fine. What does the woman imply? (A) The barbecue has been canceled.

清华大学社会科学学院社会学考博书目考试重点考博试题解析分析

清华大学社会科学学院社会学考博书目考试重点考博试题解析 一、专业的设置 清华大学社会科学学院每年招收博士生24人,含深圳研究生院2名。本院仅招全脱产博士研究生。下设哲学、理论经济学、政治学、社会学、体育学五个专业。 社会学专业下设八个方向:李强的城市社会学;罗家德的组织社会学;刘精明的社会分层;张小军、景军的文化人类学;孙凤的消费社会学;孙立平、郭于华、王天夫的转型社会学;李正风、刘立、吴金希、洪伟的科学社会学;樊富珉、彭凯平、付世敏、孙沛的社会心理学。 二、考试的科目 社会学: 城市社会学:①101英语②629社会学综合考试③501综合考试。 组织社会学:①101英语②629社会学综合考试③501综合考试。 社会分层:①101英语②629社会学综合考试③501综合考试。 文化人类学:①101英语②630人类学综合考试③501综合考试。 消费社会学:①101英语②629社会学综合考试③501综合考试。 转型社会学:①101英语②629社会学综合考试③501综合考试。 科学社会学:①101英语或102俄语或103日语②627自然辩证法研究③501综合考试。 社会心理学:①101英语或104德语②631社会心理学综合考试③501综合考试。三、导师介绍 李强,男,汉族,北京人。清华大学社会科学院院长,社会学系教授、博士生导师,曾长期担任社会学系主任。 罗家德,清华大学社会学系教授、博导,清华大学社会网络研究中心主任,清华大学社会科学学院信义社区营造研究中心主任,中国社会学会社会网暨社会资本研究专业委员会理事会主席,中国人民大学商学院兼任教授 刘精明,男,1966年出生,湖南省人。博士研究生学位,清华大学人文社会科学学院社会学系教授,社会学专业博士生导师。主要研究领域为社会分层与教育社会学、社会学研究方法。 张小军,男,1954年12月31日生于北京市,社会学系教授,博士生导师。所在院系:清华大学社会科学学院。所教课程:文化人类学概论文化人类学理论与方法历史人类学文化人类学专题。研究方向:文化人类学。

1992年05月TOEFL语法讲解

1992年05月语法题 1. --- principal types of acceleration: linear and angular. (A) There are tow (B) Two of them (C) The two (D) Two 答案:A 测试点:there be句型. 分析:空格后只剩下名词性的成份,应在答案中选择主谓结构或there+be结构,即(A). 2. East Liverpool, Ohio, ---the pottery capital of the United States. (A) and called (B) is called (C) calling (D) to call 答案:B 测试点;谓语。 分析:本句有主语而缺谓语,应在答案中选择可作谓语的动词,即(B)。(A)多了连词and; (C)(D)均是非谓语形式,不可作谓语. 3. True hibernation takes place only among ---animals. (A) whose blood is warm (B) blood warm (C) warm-blooded (D) they have warm blood 答案:C 测试点:定语. 分析:本句主谓宾俱全,animals前缺定语,应在答案中选择形容词性的成份,4个答案中只有(C)是形容词. 解题要点:分词的作用相当于形容词. 4. Like other women ---in the field of medicine, Sara Mayo found the beginning years difficult. (A) who they pioneered (B) they pioneered (C) who pioneered (D) pioneered 答案:C 测试点:定语从句/主谓结构. 分析:women后接定语从句,从句连接词,主、谓语均缺,应在答案中选择连接词兼主语牛动词的形式.即(C)。(A)重复主语:(B)不是从句形式;(D)无主语。 5. In his writing, John Crowe Ransom describes what ---the spiritual barrenness of society brought about by science and technology. (A) he considers (B) does he consider (C) considers (D) considers it 答案:A 测试点:主谓结构/词序. 分析:动词describes后接what引导的宾语从句,从句主、谓语均缺,应在答案中选择主语+动词的形式,即(A).(B)是问句语序,而宾语从句应用正常语序;(C)(D)均无主语.

95年12月托福听力文字带答案

95 年12 月托福听力文字 Part A 1. A: It’s a beautiful day today. Want to go roller-skating(轮滑)? B: Any other time will be great. But today I’m working on a paper. What does the woman mean? 1.(A) She doesn’t like roller skating. (B) She writing a story about roller skating. (C) She’s too busy to go roller skating. (D) The man shouldn’t be going roller skating. 2. A: I thought you said you are going to call me last week about that car I’m selling. B: Oh, I’m so sorry. It completely slipped my mind. What does the man mean? 2.(A) He already bought a car. (B) He didn’t mean to bother the woman. (C) He didn’t say he would call the woman. (D) He forgot to call the woman. 3. A: Before we go to the movie theater, I have to stop at the bank and get some money. B: Don’t worry about that. This is my treat(请客). What does the woman mean? 3.(A) Admission to the movie is free. (B) She’ll lend the man some money. (C) She’ll b uy the tickets for the movie. (D) She paid for the movie the last time. 4. A: How did you like the concert? I found it really moving(动人的,感动的). B: I love classical music. But that conductor seemed a bit inexperienced. What does the man mean? (A) He was surprised the woman didn’t like the concert. (B) He enjoyed the concert more that the woman did. (C) He was not impressed by the conducting. (D) He didn’t like the choice of music.

2001年1月老托福阅读解析第二篇

2001年1月第二篇 Questions 10-17 at least one carpenter, joiner, sawyer, and cooper in woodworking; a weaver and a tailor 5) an assistant, the rural artisan provided the neighborhood with common goods from furniture to shoes to farm equipment in exchange for cash or for “goods in kind” from the customer’s field, pasture, or dairy. Sometimes artisans transformed material provided by the customer wove cloth of yam spun at the farm from the wool of the family sheep; made chairs or tables 10) from wood cut in the customer’s own woodlot; produced shoes or leather breeches from cow, deer, or sheepskin tanned on the farm. Like their farming neighbors, rural artisans were part of an economy seen, by one historian, as “an orchestra conducted by nature.” Some tasks could not be done in the winter, other had to be put off during harvest time, and still others waited on raw materials that were 15) only produced seasonally. As the days grew shorter, shop hours kept pace, since few artisans could afford enough artificial light to continue work when the Sun went down. To the best of their ability, colonial artisans tried to keep their shops as efficient as possible and to regularize their schedules and methods of production for the best return on their investment in time, tools, and materials. While it is pleasant to imagine a woodworker, for example, 20) carefully matching lumber, joining a chest together without resort to nails or glue, and applying all thought and energy to carving beautiful designs on the finished piece, the time required was not justified unless the customer was willing to pay extra for the quality— and few in rural areas were, Artisans, therefore, often found it necessary to employ as many shortcuts and economics as possible while still producing satisfactory products.

2001年05月托福考试听力文本

01年5月托福听力文字 Part A 1. A: So are you going to see the student play tonight? B: I doubt it. I'm still getting over the flu. Q: What does the man mean? 2. A: Gordom needs to find another place to live. The apartment he rents now has been sold to a new owner. B: He'd better start looking right away. When all the students come back in a few weeks, he won't find any near the campus. Q: What does the woman suggest Gorden do? 3. A: Mind if I borrow ur Spanish workbook? B: Not as long as I have it back in time to take to class this evening. Q: What does the man mean? 4. A: U know that quiz we took in Dr. Turner's class today? Did u know that she was going to give it to us? B: Actually I was just as surprised as u were. Q: What does the woman mean? 5. A: I don't know which color folder to use, white or brown? B: What difference does it make? It's the content that's important. Q: What does the man mean? 6. A: U know I heard that professor Martin's introduction to chem class is way to demanding for first year students. They say it's as hard as courses for graduate students. B: Yeah, but a lot of students will tell u otherwise. To talk to anyone who's gone on to the advanced course,like organic chem or who study chem in graduate school. They r really glad they started out with professor Martin. Q: What does the man imply about professor Martin? 7. A: Hey Mark, have u been able to sell ur old piano yet? B: Ah, u were right, just posting notices on bulletin boards at a coupke of supermarket wasn't enough. I think i'll have to place an advertisement in the local newspaper. Q: What does the man imply? 8. A: My back has been aching ever since I started playing tennis on the weekends, B: haven't u had that checked out yet? Q: What does the woman imply? 9. A: Hi,uhm... I think something's wrong with the washing machine. It works and I just did my laundry but it makes some strange noises. Maybe u should call sb to fix it. B: Oh don't worry. Sb from the repair shop is already on the way over to take a look at it. Q: What does the man imply? 10.A; It's so thoughtful of u to offer to drop me off at the train station. Ru sure it's not out of ur way? B: Not at all. The station is really close to where i'm going. Q:What does the man mean? 11.A: I'm here about the job u advertised in the paper. B; U need one of those forms over there, on the table next to the file cabinet.

托福语法笔记整理

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