2020年自考《互联网及其应用》模拟试题及答案

2020年自考《互联网及其应用》模拟试题及答案

一、单项选择题 (本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分)在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。错选、多选或未选均无分。

1：参考答案：B

试题内容：

在Internet上，计算机之间的文件传输使用的协议是()

A：http

B：ftp

C：telnet

D：News

2：参考答案：C

试题内容：

Internet是()

A：局域网

B：广域网

C：网间网

D：通讯网

3：参考答案：C

试题内容：

调制解调器的功能是()

A：将数字信号转换成模拟信号

B：将模拟信号转换成数字信号

C：兼有A和B的功能

D：上述都不是

4：参考答案：C

试题内容：

在FTP服务资源目录中，存放匿名FTP用户上载文件的目录是() A：pub/

B：company/

C：in-coming

D：usr/

5：参考答案：B

试题内容：

网络层防火墙一般采用的是()技术。

A：物理屏障

B：数据滤

C：应用代理

D：链路加密

6：参考答案：A

试题内容：

下列哪一系统提供Internet用户几乎是实时的对话功能()

A：IRC

B：Mailing Lists

C：Gopher

D：Newsgroups

7：参考答案：D

试题内容：

下列功能的描述，不是IP提供的功能的是()

A：基本数据单元的传送，规定了通过TCP/IP网的数据的确切格式

B：执行路由功能，选择传送数据的路径

C：制定规则，以确定主机路由器如何分组

D：提供异种机、异种操作系统的网络环境下共享文件的方法

8：参考答案：A

试题内容：

外置调制解调器前板上的指示灯中，()亮时表示调制解调器正占用电话线。

A：OH

B：TD

C：DCD

D：AA

9：参考答案：A

试题内容：

拨号上网如果仅使用字符方式作为显示界面，则PC机内存的最低配置是()

A：600K

B：320K

C：1M

D：8M

10：参考答案：B

试题内容：

不能用作为FTP客户端工具的是()

A：ftp.exe

B：telnet.exe

C：Internet Explorer

D：Netscape

11：参考答案：A

试题内容：

TCP/IP协议集中，所有上层软件要传输的信息和下层协议接收到的进入信息都必须通过()

A：IP层

B：TCP层

C：UDP层

D：ARP/RARP层

12：参考答案：B

试题内容：

网关可由硬件和软件构成，在使用中()

A：它会造成通信线路的负载加重

B：它不会对互连的网络通信线路造成严重的负载

C：对具体的任务效率很低

D：对小批量数据效率高，对大批量数据效率低

13：参考答案：D

试题内容：

对于中继器、集线器和网桥来说，下列说法比较准确的是() A：使用中继器来分割网络，提升网络性能

B：使用集线器来改变网络物理拓扑，提升网络速率

C：使用网桥来分段网络，能够提升网络速率

D：通过网桥互连的网络将是一个更大的网络

14：参考答案：D

试题内容：

最初开发TCP/IP协议的主要目的在于()

A：实现网络资源的共享

B：开发一个应用于局域网上的协议

C：开发一个应用于Internet上的协议

D：实现异种网间的互连

15：参考答案：A

参考解析：再生信号，扩大网络传输距离

试题内容：

中继器用于网络互连，其作用是()

A：再生信号，扩大网络传输距离

B：连接不同访问协议的网络

C：控制网络中的“广播风暴”

D：提升网络速率

16：参考答案：D

参考解析：有相同的通信协议和相同的数据结构

试题内容：

利用网关所连接的网络，各自()

A：有不同的介质访问方式

B：有不同的拓扑结构

C：有相同的通信协议和相同的数据结构

D：有相同的通信协议和相同的数据结构

17：参考答案：D

参考解析：TCP/IP协议

试题内容：设ISP已提供了PPP拨号网络服务器，在Windows 9.x 拨号连接时还需要添加Microsoft的()

A：IPX/SPX兼容协议

B：ATM/LAN仿真用户协议

C：所有的通信协议

D：TCP/IP协议

18：参考答案：A

参考解析：路由器工作在网络层，而网桥工作在数据链路层

试题内容：网桥和路由器的显著差异在于()

A：路由器工作在网络层，而网桥工作在数据链路层

B：路由器能够支持以太网，但不支持标记环网

C：网桥具有路径选择功能

D：网桥支持以太网，但不支持标记环网

19：参考答案：C

参考解析：本地部分@域名

试题内容：同普通信件一样，电子邮件的收发方都具有相同格式的电子地址，准确的电子邮件地址是()

A：本地部分，域名

B：本地部分；域名

C：本地部分@域名

D：本地部分#域名

20：参考答案：D

参考解析：在邮件服务器上安装一个“binary”程序

试题内容：在很多时候需要在电子邮件中收发二进制文件，要实现这个目的，下列措施中()是没有必要的。

A：要求发送方的电子邮件程序支持MIME规范

B：要求接收方的电子邮件程序支持MIME规范

C：在发送二进制文件时只需要在电子邮件窗口的“Attachment”项中填入该文件名

D：在邮件服务器上安装一个“binary”程序

二、填空题 (本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分)请在每小题的空格中填上准确答案。错填、不填均无分。

1：参考答案：专线

试题内容：LL：Leased line,专线指示。此讯号显示调制解调器连线型态。此灯亮起，表示调制解调器是通过_____连线。

2：参考答案：防护管

试题内容：同轴粗缆可安装在室外，但要加防护措施，埋入地下和沿墙走线的部分要外加_____，防止意外损坏。

3：参考答案：网络层应用层

试题内容：防火墙技术大体上分为两类：_____和_____。

4：参考答案：数据标头

试题内容：在网络上传输的每个数据包都可分两个部分：_____部分和_____。

5：参考答案：别名管理邮件队列管理邮件日志管理

试题内容：邮件服务器管理与维护的主要任务是_____、_____、_____。

6：参考答案：位流传输

试题内容：物理层的功能是实现实体之间的按位传输。保证按位传输的准确性，并向数据链路层提供一个透明的_____。在数据终端设

备、数据通信和交换设备等设备之间完成对数据链路的建立、保持和拆除操作。

7：参考答案：内部过滤路由器

试题内容：子网过滤防火墙比主机过滤防火墙增加了一个_____，为内部网络又提供了一层保护。

8：参考答案：SHTTP

试题内容：一种基于SSL的HTTP安全传输协议_____也是当前常用的WWW安全传输技术，它定义了信息的封装、加密、密钥传输、认证传输及信息过滤等功能。

9：参考答案：流量控制恢复与释放

试题内容：会话层的功能包括：会话连接到传输连接的映射；会话连接的_____；数据传输；会话连接_____；会话连接管理、差错控制。来解决SNMP在日益扩大的分布式网络中所面临的局限性。

10：参考答案：UIN

试题内容：在安装ICQ过程中，要求登录到它的服务器，注册个人资料，完成后返回一个_____，作为用户惟一标识。

11：参考答案：物理层

试题内容：中继器完成_____间的互连，主要起到信号再生放大，延长网络距离的作用，也就是把比特流从一个物理网段传输到另一个物理网段。

12：参考答案：Netscape

试题内容：Netscape是美国一个计算机公司的名字，该公司最有名的产品就是其推出的浏览器。浏览器一开始为“Netscape Navigator”，到了4.0版本后改成为“Netscape Communicator”，不过人们常常习惯于将其浏览器也称为_______________

13：参考答案：用户接口邮件发送程序邮件递交程序

试题内容：UNIX系统内部的邮件系统是一个网络中的邮件递送实体。它由_______________、和_______________(即Mailer)组成

14：参考答案：54

试题内容：中继器不能无限制地延长网络距离，使用中继器连接LAN的电缆段是有限制的。任何两个数据终端设备间允许的传输通路最多由_______________个中继网段和个中继器组成。

15：参考答案：信号

试题内容：安装收发器连结器，收发器连结器上有三根针(中间一

只信号针，信号针两边各有一只接地针)，__________针要垂直接入粗

缆上的孔中，上紧固定螺栓。

16：参考答案：本地用户远地

试题内容：我们将实行远程注册的用户叫

_________________________，本地用户登录进入的系统叫做系统。远

程注册的根本目的在于访问远地系统的资源，而且像远地系统的当地

用户一样访问远地系统资源。

17：参考答案：频带

试题内容：_______________UDPflooding用于控制分组流的协议，以节省，防止拥挤。

18：参考答案：1110

试题内容：IGMP(Internet Group Membership Protocol)采用D

类IP地址生成多路广播的组。D类IP地址格式规定前面4位是

_______________，后面28位用作多路广播地址。

19：参考答案：MAC

试题内容：__________网桥工作在物理层之上的数据链路层，即

逻辑链路子层(LLC)和媒体访问控制(MAC)子层。绝大部分网络(尤其是

局域网)结构上的差异体现在MAC层，所以网桥被用于局域网中层的转换。它所连接的协议比中继器高，所以功能更强。

20：参考答案：ISP

试题内容：当用户要通过拨号连入Internet时，通常还需要到提

供连入Internet服务的某个机构或公司去申请一个上网的账户，这样

的机构与公司常称为：_______________(Internet网服务提供商)，从他们那儿获得上网的权力，才能通过他们提供的渠道进入Internet

三、名词解释题 (本大题共5小题，每小题3分，共l5分)

1：参考答案：源路由选择网桥主要用于网络连接速率不同的网间

转发。源路由选择网桥要求信息源提供传递帧到终点所需的路由信息。每个源路由选择网桥通过网络的路径标识和探寻帧实行数据的转发。

试题内容：源路由选择网桥

2：参考答案：远程访问服务器是为远程用户提供远程透明访问的

操作水平的设备，它的一端与局域网相连，另一端提供多个串行口供

远程用户连接。远程访问服务器既能够是一台装有服务软件的微机，

也能够是一台专用的远程访问服务器。

试题内容：运程访问服务器

3：参考答案：物力规划包括：可行性研究计划；需求分析；方案

设计；设备选型；投资预算，编写网络规则技术文档等几个阶段。

试题内容：物力规划

4：参考答案：通信介质是网络上传输信息的载体，一般采用双绞线、同轴电缆或光缆等。具有不同的传输速率和传输距离。

试题内容：通信介质

5：参考答案：所谓数据备份，即将数据从服务器的硬盘中拷贝到

可移动介质上并将它们保存到一个更安全的场所的过程。

试题内容：数据备份

四、简答题 (本大题共5小题，每小题5分，共25分)

1：参考答案：远程注册协议是以Telnet协议为基础的。Telnet

协议是TCP/IP协议的一部分，它是一个简单的远程注册协议。当用Telnet登录进入远程计算机系统时，用户事实上启动了两个程序，一

个叫“客户”程序，它运行在你的本地机上，另一个叫做“服务器”

程序，它运行在要登录的远地计算机上。

本地机上的“客户”程序要完成功能：建立与服务器的TCP联接；从键盘上接收你输入的字符；把你输入的字符串变成标准格式并送给

远程服务器；从远程服务器接收信息；把该信息显示在你的屏幕上。

远地计算机的“服务”程序平常守候在远地计算机上，一接到用

户的请求，完成如下功能：通知你的计算机它已准备好为你服务；等

候你输入命令；当收到命令后，对你的命令做出反应；把执行命令的

结果送回给你的计算机；重新等候你的新命令。

试题内容：简述远程注册的原理。

2：参考答案：RMON I在网络中查找物理故障，RMON II监控层次

能够达到应用层，因而除了能监控网络通信和容量外，还提供相关各

种应用所使用的网络带宽量的信息。RMON I探测器观察的是由一个路

由器流向另一个路由器的数据包，而RMON II则深入到内部，它观察

的是哪一个服务器发送的数据包，哪一个用户预定要接收这个数据包，这个数据包表示何种应用。PMON II是RMON I补充。

试题内容：比较RMON I和RMON II。

3：参考答案：NFS的特点是：提供透明文件访问及文件传送；用户能够直接获取远程文件、数据，而不必了解其细节；在网络上真正实现了分布处理；容易扩充；、高性能，可灵活配置。

试题内容：NFS的特点是什么?

4：参考答案：(1)运算服务器

运算服务器是实行快速事务处理的运算系统，它的性能主要取决于服务器中CPU的运算速度。

(2)网络文件服务器

是网络逻辑结构的中心，主要为网络用户提供文件共享和存储服务，所以它要求有一个快速的I/O通道、快速响应磁盘和海量的高速存储器。

(3)数据库服务器

主要提供数据库的存储、计算等事务处理，要有功能较强的CPU，更高速的I/O通道，以便于提升数据库的访问速度，减少网络瓶颈。一般用TPC标准衡量它的性能。

试题内容：按用途分类，服务器有哪些?

5：参考答案：(1)室外电缆一般应穿入埋在地下的管道内，如需架空，则应架高(4米以上)，而且一定要固定在墙上或电线杆上。室内电缆一般应铺设在墙壁顶端的电缆槽内。

(2)通信设备的各种电缆线都应加以固定。

(3)全部走线都要横平竖直。

试题内容：布线时应注意哪几点?

五、综合题 (本大题共2小题，每小题10分，共20分)

1：参考答案：网络互连通常是指将不同的网络用互连设备连接在

一起而形成一个范围更大的网络，常用的网络互连设备有中继器、网桥、路由器、网关以及远程网络互连和访问服务设备等。

(1)中继器。中继器是局域网环境下用来延长网络距离的最简单最

廉价的互连设备，工作在OSI的物理层，中继器对在线路上衰减的信

号具有放大再生的功能。此外，用中继器来延长网络的距离是有限度的，任何两个数据终端设备间允许的传输通路最多由5个中继器网段、4个中继器组成，每个光纤链路段不得超过500米；当通过3个中继器、4个段组成时，每个光纤链路段长度为1000m。所以，在网络负载很轻

和网络延时性要求不高的条件下，使用中继器较为合适。

(2)网桥。也叫桥接器，是连接两个局域网的一种存储~转发设备，它能将一个较大的LAN分割为多个网段，或将两个以上的LAN互连为

一个逻辑LAN，使LAN上的所有用户都能够访问服务器。网桥工作在数据链路层，用于局域网中MAC层的转换。可用来控制数据流量、处理

传送差错、提供物理寻址、介质访问算法等。

(3)路由器。路由器是在网络层提供多个独立的子网间连接服务的

一种存储~转发设备，由其连接的网络能够使用在数据链路层和物理层

协议完全不同的网络互连中。工作原理是采用路由算法，即的传输路径，将经过路由器的多个数据帧有效地传到目的地。当网络的外部条

件改变结构时，路由器能很快重新自动学习修改路由表，保证网络传

递的实效性。

(4)网关。网关是互连网络中工作在OSI传输层上的设施，它能够

是一台设备，也能够是在一台主机中实现网关功能的一个软件，用于

提供从传输层到应用层全方位的转换服务。比如NetWare操作系统与UNIX操作系统互操作时就需要应用系统转换网关；

(5)远程网络互连及访问服务设备。远程网络互连及访问服务设施

是指为远程用户提供远程透明访问和操作水平的设备，即远程访问服

务器和调制解调器。远程访问服务器的一端与局域网相连，另一端提

供多个串行口供远程用户连接。能够是一台微机和服务软件，如UNIX 远程登录利用SLIP(串行线路网间协议)及PPP(点到点协议)实行远程互连通信；调制解调器(Modem)是把电话与微机连接在一起的重要设备。其工作原理是把计算机送出的0/1数字信号经过调制过程变成与语音相近的模拟信号送入电话网；在接收端把收到的模拟信号经过解调过程还原为数字信号送给接收的计算机，从而完成两台计算机间的通信。

2019年自考英语二历年试题(真题)及答案

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