第八章英语翻译中的词类转换(课堂讲练) (1)

第八章法律英语词汇翻译方法（课堂讲练）

本章教学目标：了解法律英语翻译中词类转换若干基本方法。

一、法律词汇英汉互译中的词类转换

英汉词汇分类大致相当，但鉴于不同的表达习惯，在翻译时不能苛求词类相当，否则可能导致译文意义晦涩，不知所云。

例1、1）、Preference shareholders are entitled to a priority in the assets if the company is wound up.

译文：如果公司被解散，优先股东有优先分得公司资产的权利。

说明：“Preference Shareholders”，意为“shareholders having priority over Ordinary Shareholders for the dividend (the part of the money which is divided among shareholders) and assets allocation.”

本句中的介词“in”如直译为“在—里”，显然拗口，这里就存在着词类转换，即把英语的介词转换为动词。

2）、The “Events of Default”, as used in this Contract, shall mean the occurrence, from time to time, of any of the following circumstances.

译文：合同中使用的“违约事项”是指发生以下情形—

说明：本句的“occurrence”本为名词，但在译成汉语时，转换成动词较译成“发生”更通达。

所以，为使翻译的译文更加通顺，符合其本身的表达习惯，必要时，就应进行词类转换，在英汉互译过程当中，最常见的就是名词与动词的转换，具体而言，在英译汉时，名词转译为动词最常见，这与汉语语句习惯叠加动词，以致同一句中谓语动词“群雄并立“，而英语句子中只有主要谓语动词”一枝独秀“，其余动词只能转为动名词的不同表达习惯紧密相关。

例2、1）、The establishment of a joint venture in China is subject to examination and approval by the Ministry of Commerce of PRC.

译文：在中国境内设立合营企业，必须经中华人民共和国商务部审批。

2）、Until the publication or public announcement of a patent application, staff members of the Patent Office and persons involved shall have the duty to keep the contents of the patent application confidential.

译文：在专利申请公布或公告之前，专利局的工作人员以及有关人员对其内容负有保密义务。

3）、绝对不允许合同任何一方违反合同支付条款的行为。

译文：No violation by either party hereto of any payment clause or clauses can be tolerated.

除名词动词相互转换外。英汉互译中，形容词与副词，动词与形容词，甚至介词与动词的转换都经常发生，下面分别举例说明。

二、法律英语翻译的词类转换

1、（动）名词转换为动词

例3、1）、Whereas the Licensor possesses know-how for the d esigning, manufacturing,

installing and marketing of ---

译文：鉴于许可方拥有专有技术（的所有权），有权设计、生产、安装以及销售---。

2）、All disputes arising from or in connection with this Contract shall be settled by negotiation between two parties.

译文：凡因执行本合同或与本合同有关事项所发生的一切争执，应由双方通过友好的方式协商解决。

3）、The Buyer is requested to sign and return one copy of this Sales Confirmation without any delay after receipt of the same. Objection, if any, should be raised by the Buyer within 5 days after receipt of this Sales Confirmation, in the absence of which it is understood that the Buyer has accepted the terms and conditions of the Sales Confirmation.

译文：买方收到本售货确认书后毫不迟延的签回一份，若买方对本确认书有异议，应于收到后5天内提出，否则视买方已同意本确认书所规定的条款与条件。

4）、在收到装运通知并满足所有本协议列明的条件后，甲方应依本协议的规定提供贷款。

译文：Upon receipt of the Shipment Notice and fulfillment of all conditions set forth herein, Party A shall provide the loan pursuant to the provisions hereof.

小结：一般而言，英语中具有动作意义的名词（多以动名词形式体现），动词名词同形的名词，以及由动词加后缀转化而成的名词，翻译时转换为动词的频率较高。反之，汉译英时，动词可以转换为名词或动名词形式，以免同一句中动词叠加过多。

2、形容词转换为副词

当英语中名词转译为动词后，修饰名词的形容词也就相应转换为副词，换言之，

英语中“名词加形容词“结构，往往译成汉语的”动词加副词“的结构。

例4、1）、Either party shall provide the same care to prevent the other Party’s Confidential Information from disclosure or unauthorized use thereof as it provides to protect its own similar proprietary information.

译文：合同各方应如同保护自己的类似专有信息一样，谨慎行事，以防披露或擅自使用另一方的机密信息。

说明：“proprietary“，意为”专有的，独占的“（privately owned or controlled: proprietary technology.）” proprietor”, 指”所有人、业主、专利权人“（a owner of a business, an invention, etc.

2)、The China National Offshore Oil Corporation shall have exclusive and overall responsibility for the work of exploiting offshore petroleum resources in the PRC in cooperation with foreign enterprises.

参考译文：中华人民共和国对外合作开采海洋石油资源的业务，专门由中国海洋石油总公司全面负责。

3）、甲方在此不可撤销地委托乙方，甲方签署货物交接单据后，立即将货物价款直接支付到供货商的帐户。

参考译文：Party A hereby irrevocably authorizes Party B to make a direct payment for the Goods into the account of the supplier immediately after Party A signs the Delivery Note.

小结：上述例句说明，英语名词译成汉语动词后，修饰该名词的形容词常译成副词。

3、形容词转换成名词

例5、1）、The rights conferred upon the respective parties by the provisions of this Clause are additional to and do not prejudice any other rights the respective parties may have.

译文：本条款的规定赋予各方权利，是对各方可能享有的其他权利的补充，而不是损害。

2）、The supplier shall ensure that it is the lawful owner of the technology to be proved and that the technology provided is complete, accurate, effective and capable of attaining the technical targets specified in the contract.

译文：供方应保证自己是所提供的技术的合法拥有者，并且保证所提供的技术具有完整性、准确性、有效性，能够达到合同规定目标。

可见，一般来说，与名词同根的形容词在英译汉时，有时也译作名词。

4、介词转化为动词

例6、1）、Preference shareholders are entitled to a priority in the assets if the company is wound up.

译文：如果公司被解散，优先股东有优先分得公司资产的权利。

三、汉译英时的词类转换

1、动词转化成名词

例7、1）、卖方声明并保证，卖方将向买方交付完整、准确、有效的系统。该系统能够达到在产品说明与规格中规定的技术指标，并通过成功完成系统验收检测予以证明。

译文：The Seller represents and warrants that it will deliver to The buyer a complete, correct and valid system, capable of accomplishing the technical targets specified in Product Description and Specification, and proved by successful completion of the Acceptance Test of the System.

2)、招揽订单时，代理商应将卖方成交条件、合同的一般条款充分通知顾客，也

应该告顾客，任何合同的订立都要由卖方确认。代理商应将其收到的订单立即转交给卖方，供卖方选择是否接受订单。

译文：When soliciting orders, The Agent shall adequately advise customers of the general terms and conditions of the Seller’s sales note or contractual note and that any contract is subject to the confirmation of acceptance by the Seller. Agent shall immediately dispatch any order received to the Seller for its acceptance or rejection.

小结：可见，将汉语动词译成英语名词，经常使用具有动词意义的动名词，或者动词名词或由动词加后缀而形成的名词。

2、副词转换为形容词

例8、1）、如合同一方实质性违反本合同或其项下的陈述与保证，---另一方可终止合同，并向违约方提出索赔。

译文：If either party commits any material breach of this Contract or its representations and warranties,---, the other party may terminate this contract and file a claim against the breaching party.

2)、甲方必须真实、完整地向律师叙述案情、提供证据。在接受委托后，如发现甲方捏造事实、弄虚作假，乙方有权终止代理，依本合同所收费用不予退还。

译文：The statement made and proofs provided by Party A shall be true and complete. Where Party A is founded fabricating fact, Party B is free to terminate this Agreement and retain payment already collected from Party A according to this Agreement .

3、动词译为介词

例9、1）、甲方该做法违反了其合同义务。

译文：Conduct by Party A is against tits contractual obligations.

课后作业：

1、英译汉：

1）、Party B undertakes that its exercise of its rights or performance of its obligations under this Contract will not violate any provisions of this Contract and concerning laws or regulations to which it is subject.

参考译文：乙方保证其实现权利或履行义务的行为不违反本合同和有关法规的规定。2）、The confidentiality obligations imposed on all parties hereto shall terminate two (2) years after the expiration or termination of this Agreement.

参考译文：合同各方依本协议应履行的保密义务，在本协议期满或终止2年后终止。3）、In case of the institution of any suit by a third party against the Buyer for patent infringement in respect of the Goods, the Buyer shall immediately notify the Seller thereof.

参考译文：如有第三方就产品对买方提起专利侵权诉讼，买方应立即通知卖方此事实。

2、汉译英：

1）、除非本协议另有安排，任何一方未能或延迟行使其在本协议项下的任何权利，不应视其放弃该权利。

参考译文：Unless otherwise arranged herein, failure or delay on the part of any Party to exercise any right hereunder shall not operate as a waiver thereof.

2）、借款人应向贷款方充分、准确地披露可能会对借款人财务状况产生重大不利影响的所有事项。

参考译文：The Borrower shall fully and accurately disclose to the Lender( or make a fully and accurate disclosure to the Lender of ) all the matters that might materially and adversely affect the financial situation of the Borrower.

3）、“不可抗力“是指以下不能预见、无法避免、不能控制的事件。

参考译文：“Force Majeure”shall refer to the following events beyond of any party’s prediction, avoidance and control.

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1 你什么时候要货呢？When do you want the goods? 2 货送到哪里去？Where shall we deliver the goods? 3 有没有送货地点的名片？Do you have card of delivery address. 4 你拿多点数量可以便宜点。We can lower the price, if you take more. 5 这个很便宜了，我都算批发价价格给你了。This is cheap, it is whole sale price. 6 先生（女士），等一下，我看最低能多少钱给你。 Wait a minute, Sir/ Madam, 7 这种款式没货了，这种质量和那种是一样的，价格也一样。 This style is out of stock. This one and that one are the same quality, same price. 8 还需要点别的什么东西吗？Do you want any others? 9 要好点的还是便宜的？Want goods products or cheap one? 10 你要多少米的？How long do you want? 11 算了，给你了。下次多点来关顾。OK, hope you can come again next time. 12 等一下，他去仓库拿货给你看。 Wait a minute. He is going to the warehouse to take the goods. 13 保修一年one year warranty 14 一年内是质量问题可以拿回来换。 If there is quality problem, take it back, we replace it. 15 我怎么联系你呢？How can I contact with you? 16 这个数量太少了。能不能订多点呢? Your order is too small, can you order more? 17 我有便宜点的。I have cheaper one. 18 这个一扎是50米。50 meters, a bundle 19 你要多大的？小一点的就便宜点。 What size do you want? The smaller, the cheaper. 20 拿这种就便宜点，一样大小的，牌子不同。 This one is cheaper, the same size, different brand. 21 这种款式要多少个？How many do you want of this style? 22 等一下，我上二楼拿给你。Wait a minute. I am going upstairs to take it. 23 不行，这个价格我们要亏本的。Sorry, for this price, we will lose money. 24 你还要多点吗？Do you want some more? 25 我们的仓库不远，很快就到了。Our warehouse is not far, we will arrive soon. 26 这么慢，来了没有？再不来我就走了。----很快就来了，再等三分钟。 We have been staying here for a long time. When will he come? If no, we will go. Wait more 3 minutes. 1 请问要多少卷？How many rolls do you want? 2 你的货是自己带走，还是要送? You want us to deliver goods or take by yourself? 3 是货到付款，还是现在支付？ Cash on delivery (COD), or on-site payment 4 如果要送货，运费由你出。 You should pay for the cost of delivery if you want. 5 你想要买什么电器？What electronic equipment do you want to buy? 6 这个款式很畅销。This style sells very well.

词类转换(英语翻译技巧).

词类转换 英汉两种语言属于不同的语系,英语属于印欧语系,汉语属于汉藏语系。不同语系的语言,无论在词汇方面或在语法方面都有很大的差别。在科技英语翻译实践中,在很多情况下需要进行词类转换。所谓词类转换,是指把原文语言中的某一词类转移成汉语的另一词类而言。掌握翻译中的词类转换译法,就可使我们敢于脱离原文词类的限制,跳出原文词类的框框,用汉语的适当词类予以表达。 一,转换成汉语动词。 英语和汉语比较起来,汉语中动词用得比较多,这是一个特点,在英语句子中只用一个谓语动词,在汉语中却可以几个动词或动词性结构连用。在英语中不少词类在汉译时往往可以转译成动词。 1,名词转换成动词 英语中大量具有动作意义的名词和动词派生出来的名词往往可以译成动词。 With a click of a mouse, information from the other end of the globe will be transported to your computer screen at the dizzying speed of seven-and-a-half times around the earth per second. 只要一点鼠标,来自世界另一端的信息便会以每秒绕地球七周半的惊人速度传输到你的电脑屏幕上。 China’s first atomic blast in october 1964 was a great shock to the world. 1964年10月中国爆炸了第一颗原子弹,全球为之震惊。 Can artificial fibers be used as substitutes for natural fibers? 人造纤维能代替天然纤维吗? We must place stress on the prevention of disease.

2020上海高考英语 翻译练习100句-3

翻译100句详解 41. 大学生想成为2020年进博会志愿者的意识从来没有像今天这么强烈。(Never) Never before have the college students had such a strong sense of becoming volunteers for the 2020 CIIE as today. 考点：使用never的倒装句的用法。 42. 我们每一个中国人都有充分的理由为我国近30年来所取得的巨大成就而自豪。(pride) Each of us Chinese has every reason to take pride in the great achievements that have been made over the past 30 years. 考点一：有充分的理由（has every reason to do…） 考点二：take pride in…的用法 43. 他只是在特殊场合才戴那根领带以配他的衬衫。(Only) Only on special occasions will he wear that tie to go with/match his shirt. 考点一：only引导的倒装句 考点二：go with/match的用法。 44. 他没有报名参加这次面试，这使他失去了一份薪水丰厚的工作。(cost) He didn’t sign up for this interview, which cost him a well paid-job. 考点一：cost的用法。 考点二：报名参加这次面试（sign up for this interview）。 考点三：薪水丰厚的（well-paid） 45. 智力在很大程度上是与生俱来的东西。(extent) To a large extent, intelligence is something that people are born with. 考点一：在很大程度上（to a large extent） 考点二：与生俱来的东西（something that people are born with） 46. 工业的发展推动了人类文明，同时它也给我们带来许多意料之外的问题。(advance,

2019英语六级翻译每日一练及译文(1)

2019英语六级翻译每日一练及译文(1) 中国式礼仪 每种文化都有自己的行为准则，中国也不例外。在中国，跟别人 打招呼时，你或者点个头，或者微微鞠个躬。握手也很常见，但你要 等到中国朋友先伸手才能够。另外，与西方社会的做法截然相反，中 国人不太喜欢被陌生人触碰。所以不要轻易地触碰别人，除非你完全 有这样的必要。最后一点，根据儒家思想 (Confiicianism)的观点， 老人在任何情况下都应该受到年轻人的尊敬。你应该总是以老人为先，并对他们表本的敬意。 翻译：Every culture has its rules on how to act，and China is no different. In China,to greet someone, you nod your head，or you bow slightly. Handshakes are also common, but you should wait for your Chinese partner to initiate the motion. In addition，as opposed to those found in Western society，Chinese people do not enjoy being touched by strangers. Don’t touch someone unless you absolutely have to.Finally, from the perspective of Confucianism, the elders are to be respected in every situation by those who are younger. You should always acknowledge the elders first,and show the most respect to them. 讲解：1.行为准则：有多种译法，如rules on how to act, rules of conduct或standard of behavior。 2.中国也不例外：可译为China is no different或China is no exception。 3.打招呼：即greet。 4.截然相反：可译为as opposed to。

商务英语翻译100句

商务英语：外企工作邮件常用100句 1. I am writing to confirm/enquire/inform you... I’m sending this email to make sure that... 我发邮件是想找你确认/询问/想通知你有关… 2. I am writing to follow up on our earlier decision on the marketing campaign in Q2(the second quarter). 我写邮件来是为了跟进我们之前对第二季度营销活动的决定。 3. With reference to our telephone conversation today... 关于我们今天在电话中的谈话… 4. In my previous e-mail on October 5... 在之前10月5日所写的邮件中提到… 5. As I mentioned earlier about... 在先前我所提到的关于… 6. As indicated in my previous e-mail... 如我在之前邮件中所提到的… 7. As we discussed on the phone... 如我们上次在电话中所说的… 8. from our decision at the previous meeting... 如我们在上次会议中所决定的… 9. as you requested... 根据贵方要求… 10. In reply to your e-mail dated April 1，we decided... We’ve decided(我们已经决定0 回复贵方4月1日的邮件，我方决定… 11. This is in response to your e-mail sent this morning.. 这是对您今早发来的邮件的回复。 12. As mentioned before, we deem/believe/consider that this product has strong unique selling points in China. 如先前所述，我们认为这个产品在中国有强有力且独一无二的销售点(卖点)。 13. As a follow-up to our phone conversation yesterday, I wanted to get back to you about the pending（unresolved）issues of our agreement. 追踪(后续)我们昨天在电话中所谈，我想答复你我们合约的一些待解决的议题。

2020年上海市高中英语翻译练习100句-详细解析

翻译100句练习 1. 我原打算在书店里消磨时间的，但最终买了本有关计算机的书。（end） I had meant/intended/ planned to kill time //I meant/ intended/ planned to have killed time in the bookstore, / but I ended up buying a book on computer. 考点一：end up doing 是固定词组 考点二：原打算做某事（had meant/intended/planned to do = meant/intended/planned to have done) 考点三：本句前后时态要一致，前面是过去完成时+to do 或过去时+to have done, 后面是一般过去时。 2. 如果你采用先进的方法，你就能取得事半功倍的效果。（effort） If you adopt the advanced method, you are able to achieve twice the result with half the effort. 考点一：事半功倍（twice the result with half the effort) 考点二：采用先进的方法（adopt the advanced method) 3.每一位驾驶员开车时都必须牢记，一点点疏忽都可能造成事故。（mind） When driving, every driver must keep/bear in mind that the slightest carelessness will cause an accident. 考点一：keep/bear in mind that 中间不加it 考点二：翻译过程中别漏掉“开车时” 4. 色彩鲜艳的药片可能被孩子们误当成糖果，因此应该把它们放在孩子们拿不着的地方。（thus, accessible） Brightly-colored pills may/can be mistaken for sweets by children, and thus they should be kept where they are not accessible to children. 考点一：被…误当成（be mistaken for) 考点二：thus是副词，不可直接引导句子 考点三：sth. is accessible to sb. 5.他从未想到过他的教育费用将花完他父母的所有积蓄。(occur, drain) It never occurred to him that the expenses for his education would be a great drain on all his parents’ savings 考点一：从未想到过（It never occurred to him that) 考点二：教育费用(the expenses for his education) 考点三 drain(n.) a great drain on sth. 6.许多家长发现，很难和自己的孩子交流。(find) Many parents find it difficult to communicate with their own children.

2018考研英语翻译真题每日一句拆分解读(Day37)_毙考题

下载毙考题APP 免费领取考试干货资料，还有资料商城等你入驻 邀请码：8806 可获得更多福利 2018考研英语翻译真题每日一句拆分解读（Day37） 翻译能力提升不是一朝一夕，对于真题中的翻译句子要仔细研究，把握好结构和翻译逻辑，同时注意词汇积累。小编分享翻译真题每日一练，带大家一起来回顾真题中的句子，详细解读各种句子的译法逻辑。大家注意学习方法！ 2018考研英语翻译真题每日一句拆分解读（Day37） In fact, it is difficult to see //how journalists who do not have a clear grasp of the basicfeatures of the Canadian Constitution //can do a competent job onpolitical stories. (32 words) 3 0.5分 词汇要点： 1) grasp//n. 抓住，掌握，了解，理解 2) constitution//n. 宪法，体质，构造 3) competent//adj. 能干的，胜任的， 结构要点： 1) 整个句子中的主干是一个形式主语it is difficultto see…; 2) howjournalists…can do…是动词see所带的宾语从句;其中还有一个who定语从句修饰journalists。 汉译逻辑要点： 1) it is difficult to see…是一个形式主语结构，真正的主语部分是不定式to see…的整个部分。一般采用在句子最开头翻译：事实上，很难明白…。当然，也可以把形式主语的真正主语部分先说，最后翻译形式主语，翻译为：事实上，要明白…是很困难的。这里的see是明白，理解的意思，而不是看见。 2) how journalists who…中的who引导的定语从句，它修饰的是journalists(记者)。根据定语从句的翻译方法，可以前置到记者前面去翻译。have a clear grasp of可以看作是一个短语，意思是对…有清楚的掌握清晰地领会… the basic features of the Canadian Constitution可以直接翻译为加拿大宪法的基本特征。 3) politicalstories可以直接翻译为政治故事，记者写出来的故事就是报道。 完整译文： 事实上，很难明白那些还没有清晰地了解加拿大宪法基本特征的记者如何能够胜任政治新闻的报道工作。 考试使用毙考题，不用再报培训班

常用商务英语翻译

The road to Hell is paved with good intention好心办坏事 The spirit is willing, but the fresh is weak. 心有余而力不足 A young idler, an old beggar. 少壮不努力老大徒伤悲. 爱莫能助be disobliging 活该to have it/that coming to sb. 遇到克星meet one’s waster Cats hide their claws. 知人而不知心 Grasp all. Lose all. 贪多必失 Two’s company，but three’s a crowed. 两人成伴，三人不欢背黑锅The whipping boy./ to carry the can 逼得走投无路to bring/ drive sb. to bay. 进退维谷to be caught between the Devil and deep blue sea. 出格step out of line No way is impossible to courage. 勇者无惧 The more wit, the less courage. 初生牛犊不怕虎 Nothing ventured nothing gained. 不入虎穴焉得虎子 认为…不在话下think nothing of doing sth. 采取主动take the initiative in doing sth. 激流勇进advance through the rapids.

Don’t hate the hand that fee ds you. 不要忘恩负义 Better be envied than pitied. 宁被人妒，不被人怜 To turn over a new leaf. 改过自新 吃不着葡萄说葡萄酸sour grapes 恨铁不成钢regret that one’s offspring does not live up to one’s expectations wish iron could turn into steel at once. 红颜易逝beauty fades likes a flower Care killed the cat. 忧愁伤身 To leave(sb) for behind/ in the dust 望尘莫及 Feast or famine 大起大落 To scratch one’s head/ rack one’s brain 冥思苦想 The fool wonders, the wise man asks. 愚人困惑，智者勤问 The squeaking wheel gets the oil. 无声无息，亦无所得 He who hesitates is lost. 犹豫不决错失良机 一头雾水To be in a complete fog/ to be puzzled and confused. 仁者见仁，智者见智To be all things to all men/people. 茅塞顿开click（to suddenly became clear or understand） Faith moves mountain. 精诚所至，金石为开 A friend is best found in adversity. 患难见真情

词类转换翻译法参考资料

词类转换翻译法 在英译汉的过程中，有些句子可以逐词对译，有些句子则由于英汉两种语言的表达式不同，就不能逐词对译。原文中有些词在译文中需要转换词类，才能使汉语译文通顺自然。 一、名词的转译 1.英语名词转译成动词 由动词派生的名词，具有动词意思的名词，以结尾表示身份或职业的名词等，这些名词都可以转译成动词。 【例1】The remembrance of these will add zest to his life. ×对于这些事情的回想将会增添他生活的乐趣。 【译文】回想起这些事情，会给他的生活增添乐趣。 【例2】He looked on the Convention as a fair and faithful representation of the people. ×他认为这次大会是人民的公正忠实的代表。 【译文】他认为这次大会公正忠实地代表了人民。 【例3】Other governmental activities are the responsibilities of the individual states, which have their own constitutions and laws. ×其他政府活动则是各个州的责任，各州都有自己的宪法和法律。 【译文】其他政府职能则由各个州来承担，各州都有自己的宪法和法律。 【例4】The sight and sound of our jet planes filled me with special longing. 【译文】看到我们的喷气式飞机，听到隆隆的机声，我感到特别神往。 【例5】To my knowledge, some computers have gone missing. 【译文】据我所知，有几台计算机失踪了。 【例6】He was a good listener and they would like to talk with him. ×他是个好听众，所以他们喜欢同他谈话。 【译文】他善于听取别人意见，所以他们喜欢同他谈心。 1)由动词派生的名词转译成动词，在政论文体中出现比较多。 ·The government called for the establishment of more technical schools. 政府号召建立更多的技术学校。 ·Until 1972, all efforts by the two nations to curb the nuclear arms race had founded on one point: U.S. insistence on the right to make on-site inspections of the Soviet strategic arsenal and Russia’s refusal. 到一九七二年为止，美苏之间关于限制核军备竞赛的一切努力都在这一点上失败了：美国坚持有权视察苏方战略武器现场，而苏联则拒绝这样做。 ·Rockets have found application for the exploration of the universe. 火箭已经被用来探索宇宙。 2) 含有动作意味的名词(在记叙、描写文体中出现较多)往往可以转译成动词。 ·Vietnamese War is a drain on American resources. 越南战争不断消耗着美国的资源。 ·A glance through his office window offers a panoramic view of the Washington Monument

上海高考英语翻译句型总结汇总

/ It was not until… that / Not until…　 not … until…　 1.直到会议快要结束时他才露面。（show up） 2.直到二十世纪初人们才学会怎样防止这种疾病的蔓延。(prevent) 3.直到那时他才意识到他的老师是非常善解人意的。（considerate） 4.可惜他们直到事故发生之后才采取措施防止它。 5.直到上周末收到你的来信时我们才如释负重。（relieve） The more… the more.. 1．你的词汇量越大，你就感到用英语写作越容易。(feel it + adj. to do ) 2．人们普遍认为，用脑越多，思维就越活跃。( it is generally believed that ) 3．问题发现得越早，解决起来越容易。 4．问题越难，我越有可能能够解决他们。(likely) 5．我们学习得越多，将来就越能为我们国家工作的越好。 6．你练习讲英语越多，就越对你有好处。(do sb good) 7．我们经常讨论的一个问题是：是否钱越多越幸福。 8．相对而言，孩子与父母交流越多，越不可能感到忧郁。(suffer from) No matter how / however + adj. / adv. + S + V 1. 不管这个新体系有多复杂，我们还是要用它。(complicated) 2．无论社会发展得多快，这个传统应该代代相传。(pass on) 3．无论他如何努力，他似乎永远学不好物理。 4．不管我们有多忙，下星期我们一定会举行一次欢送会向那些退休工人们表示敬意。(in honor of) 5．不管天有多晚，他从不把今天必须做的事拖到明天。(put off) 6. 如果我们以一种强烈的意志工作，我们能够克服任何的困难，无论这个困难有多大。 Adj. / adv. / n. / v. + as / though + S + V 1.虽然他很聪明，但他不愿把全部时间用在学习上。(devote…to) 2.他很累，但他还是工作到深夜。(work late into…） 3.虽然他是个孩子，但对于这个世界他了解很多。 4.虽然我敬佩他作为一个作家，但我不喜欢他作为一个人。(admire) Hardly / scarcely / barely…when no sooner … than 1.我刚到家，电话铃就响了。 2.他一到实验室，就开始做实验。(set out) 3.这男孩刚打开电脑，他父亲就回家了，叫他做功课。 4.他一到家就迫不及待地把好消息告诉他父母。(can’t wait…） 1.Not until the meeting was almost over did he show up. 2.Not until the beginning of the 20th century did people learn how to prevent the disease from spreading. 3.Not until then did he realize that his teacher was very considerate / thoughtful /