新初中英语语法知识—名词的知识点总复习含答案

一、选择题

1．— Is this room yours? —No, it's not__________.It's __________.

A．mine; Lily's and Lucy's B．my; Lily and Lucy's

C．my; theirs D．mine; Sally's

2．---- _________ is it from Nanjing to Beijing?

--- It’s less than three ___________ flight.

A．How long, hour’s B．How far, hour’s

C．How long, hours’D．How far, hours’

3．People in western countries will get together to eat turkeys and celebrate harvest（丰收）on ________, just like our Mid-Autumn Day.

A．Thanksgiving Day B．Christmas Day C．National Day

4．—Do you know Shanghai is one of _______ in the world?

—Yes, it’s bigger than _______ city in China.

A．the biggest city; any B．the biggest cities; any

C．the biggest cities; any other D．the biggest cities; the other

5．—What does your mother have for dinner？

—

A．Chickens and tomato B．Chicken and tomatoes．C．Chicken and tomato．6．My mother often________when she was a young girl.

A．keep diaries B．keep diary C．kept diaries D．kept diary 7．Look! The Chinese national basketball team ________ a face-to-face interview with their fans in the hall. How excited the fans are!

A．is having B．are having C．have D．has

8．— How much are the __________?

— Eight yuan a kilo.

A．broccoli B．potatoes C．beef D．bread

9．The computer is _______________.

A．Amy's and Lily's B．Amy and Lily C．Amy's and Lily D．Amy and Lily's 10．My sister and I like eating two _______ and some _______ for dinner. They are really delicious.

A．salad; eggs B．salads; eggs C．salad; eggs D．salads; egg 11．—_________ is it from Wuxi to Shanghai?

—It’s abou t ________ drive.

A．How long; a two hours’B．How far; a two-hours

C．How far; two hours’D．How long; a two-hour

12．________the________Mike’ s and Jack’s?

A．Is, rooms B．Are, room C．Are, rooms D．Is, room

13．— How _______ is it from Xi'an to Dunhuang? — It's less than 3 _______ flight.

A．long; hour's B．far; hour's C．long; hours' D．far, hours' 14．—Whose desk is it? Is it the ________?

—Yes. It is ________.

A．twins'; Liz's and Lillie's B．twin's; Liz's and Lillie's

C．twins'; Liz and Lillie's D．twin's; Liz and Lillie's

15．I to be popular in school, but now I get attention everywhere I go. A．wasn’t used; many B．didn’t use; tons of C．used not; many 16．—The milk shake tastes good .How do you make it?

—It's easy, just follow the_________.

A．discussions B．instructions C．resolutions D．directions

17．As we know, China was the first country in the world________.

A．make papers B．to make papers C．to make paper

18．This is Bob Smith. His last name is________.

A．Bob B．Smith C．Bob Smith

19．________he_______big________?

A．Does; has; foot B．Does; have; feet C．Do; have; foots

20．This zebra is an ______ animal. It lives in ______ now.

A．Africa; Africa B．African; Africa

C．Africa; African D．African; African

21．This is ________ bedroom. Jenny shares it ________ her twin sister.

A．Jenny and Maria’s; of B．Jenny and Maria’s; with

C．Jenny’s and Maria’s; about D．Jenny’s and Maria; with

22．________mothers work in the same hospital.

A．Tim’s and Peter’s B．Tim’s and Peter C．Tim and Peter’s D．Tim and Peter 23．Learning English in a classroom is important, but using English in real ________ will improve skills greatly.

A．conditions B．situations C．events D．positions 24．—These days, more and more kids have problems with their sight.

— They should do eye________and take________every day.

A．exercises; exercises B．exercises, exercise

C．exercise. exercises D．exercise, exercise

25．—Kate, what do you have ____________ dinner?

—I have some____________, And I like them very much.

A．/; chicken B．for; chicken C．/; vegetables D．for; vegetables 【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除

一、选择题

1．D

解析：D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意：——这是你的房间？——不，这不是我的房间，这是Sally的房间。

考查代词和名词所有格。my是形容词性物主代词，后需跟名词，而这里没有，所以用名词性物主代词mine，故B、C错误。根据this可知是一个房间，A选项中的Lily’s and Lucy’s

应该改为Lily and Lucy’s表示两人共有，故选D。

【点睛】

如果一样东西为几者所共有，则只需在最后一个人后面加’s；如果这样东西不是大家共有的，则需要在每个人后面加’s，而且此时名词需为复数。

2．D

解析：D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意：-从南京到北京有多远？-坐飞机不到三个小时的路程。How long多长时间；How far 多远，提问距离；hour’s小时的；hours’是复数形式的所有格。根据对话的意思可知，这里问的是从南京到北京的距离，应用How far提问，排除A和C。空前有three修饰，故hour 用复数，再变为所有格形式，故应选D。

3．A

解析：A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意：西方国家的人们会在感恩节聚在一起吃火鸡，庆祝丰收，就像我们的中秋节一样。考查节日。Thanksgiving Day感恩节； Christmas Day圣诞节；National Day国庆节。根据文中“People in western countries will get together to eat turkeys and celebrate harvest”可知，这里是说“感恩节”。根据题意，故选A。

4．C

解析：C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意：——你知道上海是世界上最大的城市之一吗？——是的，它比中国任何一个城市都大。考查名词的数和不定代词辨析题。one of the biggest+复数名词，表示“最大的……之一”，city是单数名词，可排除。any任何的/一些，后接复数名词或不可数名词；any other

任何其他的，后接单数名词；the other（两者中的）另一个，后面不再跟名词，表特指。city城市，是单数名词，需用any other修饰；根据句意语境，可知选C。

5．B

解析：B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意：——你的妈妈晚饭吃的什么？——鸡肉和土豆。

考察名词的数。chicken是不可数名词，后不加s, 而tomato是可数名词，且以o结尾的有生命的，后要加es；结合选项故选B。

【点睛】

一般情况下，以o结尾的名词，有生命的加es,比如potatoes, tomatoes，无生命的加s, 例如photos。

6．C

解析：C

【解析】

【详解】

句意：当我的妈妈是小女孩的时候，她经常记日记。

考查一般过去时及名词复数。根据“…when she was a young girl.”可知此句是描绘过去的事，因此用一般过去时，排除A和B；diary为可数名词，记日记可以用单数形式a diary或者复数形式diaries。故选C。

7．B

解析：B

【解析】

【详解】

句意：看！中国篮球国家队在礼堂里和他们的粉丝正在进行面对面的访谈。粉丝们多么激动啊！

考查动词时态。前面有look，所以要用现在进行时。the Chinese national basketball team是集合名词，根据后面的interview可知，是人进行采访，所以谓语动词要用复数形式，故选B。

【点睛】

集合名词要注意，指集体时谓语用单数，指集体里的人时，谓语用复数，需要根据上下文语境来理解。这里根据a face-to-face interview with their fans可知是队员在进行采访，故谓语用复数。

8．B

解析：B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意：——这些土豆多少钱？——八元一公斤。

考查名词。A. broccoli西兰花；B. potatoes土豆；C. beef牛肉；D. bread面包。根据句中are提示，空格处应填入名词复数，四个选项中只有B选项为可数名词的复数形式，故选B。

9．D

解析：D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意：这台计算机是艾米和莉莉的。

本题考查名词所有格。Amy's and Lily's艾米的和莉莉的，两个人各自的电脑，这里的主语是单数，不符合语境。故排除。Amy and Lily艾米和莉莉，指人，不符合语境。Amy's and Lily艾米的和莉莉，不符合语法； Amy and Lily's艾米和莉莉共同的。根据the computer可知，这是一台电脑，因此是两个人共同拥有的，故选D。

10．B

解析：B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意：我姐姐和我喜欢吃两份色拉和一些鸡蛋作为晚餐。它们真的很好吃。

考查名词单复数。salad色拉；egg鸡蛋。分析句意，我和姐姐喜欢晚餐吃两份色拉和一些鸡蛋。第一个空前是two，此处表示份数，所以用复数，第二个空前有some，此处表示完整的蛋，所以也用复数。故选B。

【点睛】

salad既可做物质名词又可做个体名词，当表示物质的时候是不可数的，但表示个体的时候是可数的。egg基本上完好的蛋，称的上可数名词，打碎掉或是蛋内物质，俚语之类，那么就是不可数名词。

11．C

解析：C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意：——从无锡到上海有多远？——大约两小时的车程。

考查特殊疑问句及回答。How long多长，询问时间或物体的长度；how far多远，询问距离。根据“from Wuxi to Shanghai”可知，询问两地间的距离，故用How far，句型为How far is it from…to…? 表示“从……到……有多远？”，排除A、D。第二空后drive是不可数名词，意为“车程”；“两小时的车程”可表达为two hours’ drive或two-hour drive。故选C。

12．C

解析：C

【解析】

【详解】

句意：这些房间是麦克和杰克的吗？

考查名词所有格。is单数；are复数；room房间，单数；rooms复数；题干中“Mike’ s and Jack’s”表示，麦克的房间和杰克的房间，至少有两间，room用复数形式，谓语动词用are。故选C。

【点睛】

本题中注意名词所有格，当表示两个名词分别拥有时，在每个名词之后分别加’s；当表示两者共有时，在后面的名词之后加一个’s即可。

13．D

解析：D

【解析】

【详解】

句意：——从西安到敦煌有多远？——不到3个小时的航程。考查特殊疑问词辨析及名词所有格。how long多长，是对长度或一段时间的提问；how far多远，是对两地之间距离的提问。根据答语“不到3个小时的航程。”可知是对两地之间距离的提问，所以用how far，排除A、C选项。第二个空，有前面的3可知应用hour的复数形式hours，设空处修饰后面的名词flight，所以应用hours的所有格形式hours'，排除B选项；故答案选D。14．C

解析：C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意：——这是谁的书桌？是那对双胞胎的吗？——是的，是莉兹和莉莉的。

考查名词所有格的用法。twins'双胞胎，表复数的所有格；twin's双胞胎中的一个，表单数的所有格。分析第一处可知，此处指双胞胎两个人，所以使用复数的所有格。Liz's and Lillie's莉兹的和莉莉的，表两人分别有的；Liz and Lillie's莉兹和莉莉的，表两人共有的。分析第二处可知，主语It指前文的单数名词desk，表两个人共有的。故选C。

【点睛】

表两者分别有和两者共有的区别：

A’s and B’s，表两者分别有的，例如：Lucy's and Lily's mothers are workers.

A and B’s，表两者共有的，例如：Lucy and Lily's mother is a worker.

15．B

解析：B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意：我过去在学校不受欢迎，但现在我走到哪里都受到很多关注。

考查used to的否定及修饰不可数名词的词的用法。分析第一处可知，此处表示“过去不”，

即used to的否定形式，可用didn’t use to或used not to表示，排除A。many许多，修饰可数名词；tons of许多，即可修饰可数名词也可修饰不可数名词。分析第二处可知，此处修饰的是不可数名词attention，所以不能用many修饰。故选B。

【点睛】

used to，翻译为“过去常常”，否定形式可用didn’t use to或used not to表示。

16．B

解析：B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意：——奶昔的味道很好，你是怎么做的？——这很容易，只要按照操作指南去做。

考查名词辨析。discussions商讨；instructions指示；操作指南；用法说明；resolutions解决；directions方向。根据上句How do you make it？可知是询问制作奶昔的方法，推测答语应是按照操作指南去做。故选B。

17．C

解析：C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意：众所周知，中国是世界上第一个造纸的国家。

考查非谓语动词。由序数词修饰的名词常用动词不定式作后置定语，paper为不可数名词。故选C。

18．B

解析：B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意：这是鲍勃·史密斯。他的姓是史密斯。

考查人名。Bob鲍勃，人名；Smith斯密斯，姓；Bob Smith鲍勃.斯密斯，全名。题目问的是last name，即问的是姓什么。英美人姓名的排列是名在前姓在后。所以Smith就是姓。故选B。

19．B

解析：B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意：他的脚大吗？

考查一般疑问句和名词复数。根据选项以及主语是he（第三人称单数），可知第一个空格要用does来提问；根据does是助动词，其后要跟动词原形，根据这一点，可排除答案

A。结合题意和选项，可知句子说的意思是：他的脚大吗？这里的脚，肯定是两只脚，故

用复数。foot的复数形式是feet。故选B。

20．B

解析：B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意：这匹斑马是非洲的动物，它现在住在非洲。

考查名词及形容词的用法。Africa非洲。名词；African非洲的，形容词。第一空后有名词，所以应该用形容词，第二空在介词之后应该用表示国家的名词。故选B。

21．B

解析：B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意：这是Jenny和Maria的卧室。Jenny和她的孪生妹妹共用它。

考查名词所有格及介词辨析。第一个空，根据下文Jenny shares it ____ her twin sister.可知

是两个人共用一个卧室，表达“两个人共用”，在后面的名词上加所有格，即Jenny and Maria’s，排除C、D选项；第二个空，share sth.with sb.和某人分享某物，是固定搭配，with sb在这里做宾语补足语，of……的，about关于，均不符合题意，排除A选项；故答案选B。

22．A

解析：A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意：吉姆的妈妈和皮特的妈妈在同一家医院工作。

考查名词所有格。A. Tim’s and Peter’s 蒂姆的和皮特的，后面的名词所表示的物分别属于两个人的；B. Tim’s and Peter表达错误；C. Tim and Peter’s 蒂姆和皮特的，后面的名词所表示的物是属于两个人所共有的；D. Tim and Peter蒂姆和皮特，没有构成名词所有格。根据句意，空处表示“……的”，应用名词所有格，即在名词后加’s，故排除D项；若表示几个人共有一样东西，只需在最后一个人的名词后加’s；若表示各自所有，则需在各自名字后加’s，所以B项表达错误，故排除；而句子的名词mothers是复数形式，可知是蒂姆的妈妈和皮特的妈妈，即名词是分别属于两个人的，故排除C项，故选A。

23．B

解析：B

【解析】

【详解】

句意：在教室里学习英语是很重要的，但是在真实的情况中使用英语将大大提高技能。

考查名词词义辨析。A. conditions条件，天气等状况；B. situations形势，情况；C. events 事件；D. positions位置；根据句意及选项可知，“在真实的情况中使用英语将大大提高技能”，现实中多运用，选B更合适。

24．B

解析：B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意：——如今，越来越多的孩子有视力问题。——他们应该每天做眼保健操以及锻炼身体。

考查名词的可数和不可数。exercise可作可数名词，表示“（保持健康或培养技能的）一套动作，训练活动，练习”，do eye exercises意为“做眼保健操”，其中exercise是可数名词，有复数形式；exercise可作不可数名词，表示“（身体或脑力的）活动，锻炼，运动”，take exercise意为“锻炼身体”，其中exercise是不可数名词，没有复数形式。故选B。

【点睛】

exercise可作不可数名词，意为“体育锻炼”，例如：Walking and running are all healthy forms of exercise. 散步和跑步是有益健康的运动方式。 exercise也可作可数名词，意为“体操，运动”例如：We do morning exercises every day. 我们每天做早操。也可意为“（作业）练习”，例如：We do English exercises to help us learn good English. 我们要做英文练习帮助我们学好英语。也意为“操练，演习”，例如：military exercises军事操练。

25．D

解析：D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意：——凯特，你晚饭吃了什么？——我吃了些蔬菜。我很喜欢蔬菜。

考查介词和名词。have sth. for dinner晚饭吃……，所以第一空需要填写介词for；第二空根据后面的them可知前面需要填写可数名词复数，chicken鸡肉，不可数，vegetables蔬菜，可数名词复数，故选D。

初中英语名词知识点

名词的分类：名词分为专有名词和普通名词。 1、专有名词：个人，地方，机构等专有名称，如：China，Shanghai，Lilei等。专有名词的首字母通常要大写。具体说来，它包括人名、地名、月份、星期、节日、书名、电影名以及某些抽象名词等。如：Jim吉姆China中国July七Friday星期五Christmas圣诞节English 英语 2、普通名词：指表示一类人或东西或抽象概念的名词。 1）个体名词：某类人或东西中的个体，如fighter，gun，country，cup，desk，student等。一般可数，有单复数形式。 2）集体名词：若干个体组成的集合体，如family，team，police，class等。一般可数，有单复数形式 3）物质名词：无法分为个体的实物，如cotton，tea，air等。一般不可数，没有单复数之分。 4）抽象名词：动作，状态，品质，感情等抽象概念。如health，happiness，love，work，life 等。一般不可数，没有单复数之分。

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名词 一导入：有一天，一只老钟对一只小钟说：“你一年里要摆525600下啦。”　小钟吓坏了，说“哇，这么多，这怎么可能？！我怎么能完成那么多下呢！”　这时候，另一只老钟笑着说：“不用怕，你只需一秒钟摆一下，每一秒坚持下来就可以了。”　小钟高兴了，想着：一秒钟摆一下好像并不难啊，试试 看吧。果然，很轻松地就摆了一下。不知不觉一年过去了，小钟已经摆了525600下！ 很简单的故事，却寓意着深刻的道理，当我们面对大困难的时候，往往望而怯步，孰不知只要根据实 际，分期制定小目标，一一完成就行了。 二专题讲解： 掌握要点： 名词的分类（专有名词和普通名词） 名词的数1）区分可数名词和不可数名词，区分方法 2）可数名词的复数变化，分为规则变化及不规则变化 名词所有格含义、构成两种形式：’ｓ所有格及of所有格 知识点： 一、名词的分类 1.专有名词：名字(人名、地名、书名、机构名)、与国家有关的(国家、国民、语言)、日期（节日、星期、月份） 例句：My name is Lucy. I am a Chinese. I will go to the Great Wall on Monday. 2.普通名词: 包括可数名词和不可数名词 个体名词表示个体的人或事物例: sister、table、bike、window 可数名词 集体名词表示一群人或一些事物例: family、police、class、group 物质名词表示构成物体的物质或材料例: water、air、wood 不可数名词 抽象名词表示状态、品质、行为、感情等例: danger、interest 区分方法：将物体分成两半，如果每半不能叫原名，则为可数名词，如果还可叫原名，则为不可数名 词。 注：有些单词意义发生变化，单复数也发生变化，例：glass作玻璃杯时可数，作玻璃时不可数。 身兼二职的名词对照表 glass fish chicken time 可数玻璃杯鱼类小鸡次、倍不可数玻璃鱼肉鸡肉时间 orange light paper hair 可数橘子电灯报纸/试卷（几根）头发不可数橘汁光纸头发 exercise idea life work _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ No Cross, No crown 不经历风雨，怎么见彩虹.

小学英语名词知识点

名词 一、定义 名词是表示人或事物名称的词。它既可以表示具体的东西，也可以是表示抽象的东西。 二、分类 1. 名词可以根据意义分为普通名词和专有名词 如：John is a student student是普通名词，John是专有名词 普通名词前可以用不定冠词a/an, 定冠词the 或不加冠词，专有名词前一般不加冠词，专有名词的首字母要大写。 2. 普通名词又可以分为个体名词、集体名词、物质名词和抽象名词，其中个体名词与集体名词是可数名词，物质名词和抽象名称是不可数名词。 3. 专有名词 专有名词是表示人名、地名、团体、机构、组织等的专有名词，多为独一无二的事物。 三、名词的数 1、名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。 drink?milk tea water orange juice coke coffee porridge food?rice bread meat fish fruit cake dumplings 2、可数名词与不定冠词a(an)连用有数数形式，不可数名词不能与不定冠词a(an)连用，没有复数形式 many+可数名词复数 much/a little+不可数名词 some, any , a lot of (lots of) 两者都可以修饰。 3、可数名词可以直接用数词来修饰 不可数名词数词+量词+of + 名词 对可数名词的数量提问用how many 对不可数名词的数量提问用how much 4、不可数名词的量有以下两种表示方法： 1）some, much ,a little ,a lot of ,a bit of , plenty of 用等表示多少。 注意既可以与可数名词复数，又可以与不可数名词连用的有：plenty of ,some ,a lot of ,lots of ,most of 等。 如there is much water in the bottle .瓶中有很多水。 i'll tell you much good news.我要告诉你许多好消息。 we should collect some useful information我们应该收集一些有用的消息。 2）用单位词表示。 用a ... of 表示。 如 a cup of （一杯......），a bottle of （一瓶......） a piece of （一张......），a pair of shoes（一双鞋） 如two cups of tea（两杯茶）,five pieces of paper（五张纸）