英语专四模拟听力答案

The Solar Water Heater

[11:55.15]Solar water heaters are used around the world and are not very difficult to build. [12:02.37]The system is based on a design developed some years ago.

[12:06.84]It can heat seventy liters of water to sixty degrees Celsius.

[12:12.28]It can do this between sunrise and noon on a clear day

[12:16.79]with an average air temperature of thirty-two degrees Celsius.

[12:21.75]There are two parts to the solar water heater.

[12:25.56]One part is made of a sheet of metal painted black.

[12:30.79]Black surfaces become hotter in the sun than surfaces painted any other color. [12:37.54]The second part of the solar water heater holds the water for the system.

[12:42.67]This storage tank can be a container that holds about one hundred liters.

[12:48.10]Two rubber pipes are attached to the water storage tank.

[12:53.54]One pipe lets water flow into the system.

[12:57.23]The other lets water flow out.

[13:00.39]The solar water heater will last about two years

[13:05.01]before the rubber pipes need to be replaced.

91

The American Dream

[00:56.14]Each individual may define the American dream differently.

[01:01.45]But the general idea is that a person in the United States

[01:06.14]has the freedom to carry out his or her goals.

[01:10.26]It usually means a person has the chance

[01:13.29]to work hard, earn money and create a secure life.

[01:17.90]For many people, this means being able to get a good education,

[01:23.32]have a good job and own a house.

[01:26.37]The expression is often linked to immigrants

[01:29.94]who have come to this country seeking more freedom or a better life

[01:34.28]than they could have in their own countries.

[01:36.78]Some people would say that the United States Declaration of Independence first defined the American dream.

[01:45.37]It expressed why the American colonies decided to fight British colonial rule

[01:51.77]in order to become an independent nation.

[01:54.85]The Declaration of Independence states that all men are created equal,

[02:01.06]and that they have the rights to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.

How to Apply to an American College

[00:58.35]The American university system is one of the best in the world,

[01:02.77]but competition for admission can be steep.

[01:06.56]The application process itself is a labyrinth

[01:10.14]that most American students approach only

[01:13.06]with the help of school councilors, parents and peers.

[01:17.60]Above all else, applying to American colleges and universities

[01:22.70]requires patience and persistence.

[01:26.38]The application process consists of filling out

[01:29.49]the Common Application, supplemental applications,

[01:33.16]writing a personal statement, and any necessary supplemental essays.

[01:38.64]In addition, all applicants are required to submit standardized test scores,

[01:44.68]letters of recommendation, high school transcripts,

[01:48.16]along with an application fee.

[01:51.21]You should study the web sites of schools that interest you.

[01:55.13]You can find information about how and when to apply,

[01:59.92]how much it will cost and whether any financial aid is available.

[02:04.90]And you may be able to apply online

[02:07.45]and pay the application charge with a credit card.

93

Credit Cards on Campus

[00:57.84]Most undergraduates in the United States last year had at least one credit card. [01:04.75]Half had four or more.

[01:07.80]Borrowers who do not pay their card debt in full each month

[01:12.22]have to pay interest on whatever balance remains.

[01:16.07]In a time of economic downturn,

[01:18.87]college students are depending on credit cards more than ever.

[01:23.60]Many seem to use them to live beyond their means

[01:27.27]- to spend more than they have.

[01:30.01]However, a new law makes it harder for banks

[01:33.83]to give credit cards to people under 21.

[01:37.93]To get a credit card, they need a parent or other adult over 21 to accept joint responsibility.

[01:46.27]Or they need to show they can repay their debts independently.

[01:51.68]Also, schools are urged to consider limiting the number of places on campus

[01:57.99]where companies can market credit cards.

[02:01.10]And they are urged to offer credit card and debt education

[02:05.21]and counseling sessions to all new students.

Allowance

[00:57.29]Many children first learn the value of money by receiving an allowance.

[01:02.30]The purpose is to let children learn from experience

[01:07.15]at an age when financial mistakes are not very costly.

[01:11.51]The amount of money that parents give to their children to spend differs from family to family.

[01:19.03]Timing is another consideration.

[01:22.39]Some children get a weekly allowance.

[01:25.50]Others get a monthly allowance.

[01:28.74]In any case, parents should make clear what, if anything,

[01:33.97]the child is expected to pay for with the money.

[01:37.08]At first, young children may spend all of their allowance soon after they receive it. [01:44.48]If they do this, they will learn the hard way

[01:48.65]that spending must be done within a budget.

[01:51.88]Parents are usually advised not to offer more money until the next allowance.

[01:59.22]The object is to show young people that a budget demands choices between spending and saving.

[02:08.37]Older children may be responsible enough to save money for larger costs.

95

Savings

[00:55.26]In the United States, people who want to start a savings have many choices.

[01:01.74]Banks and credit unions are traditional places to open an account.

[01:06.89]Savings are protected up to a limit if a federally guaranteed bank or credit union ever fails.

[01:14.53]Banks and other financial organizations pay interest on savings accounts,

[01:20.88]but the interest rates are low.

[01:23.01]Certificates of deposit are another way to save.

[01:27.12]They pay higher interest rates.

[01:30.09]With a certificate of deposit, a person agrees

[01:33.72]not to withdraw an amount of money for a period of time.

[01:37.77]The term could be three months, or it could be several years.

[01:42.57]Longer terms, and larger amounts, pay higher interest.

[01:47.45]Another way to save is through a money market fund.

[01:51.69]They pay higher interest than savings accounts.

[01:55.41]The money is usually placed in short-term government securities.

[02:01.13]Money market funds, however, may not be federally guaranteed like other kinds of savings.

Savings

[00:55.26]In the United States, people who want to start a savings have many choices.

[01:01.74]Banks and credit unions are traditional places to open an account.

[01:06.89]Savings are protected up to a limit if a federally guaranteed bank or credit union ever fails.

[01:14.53]Banks and other financial organizations pay interest on savings accounts,

[01:20.88]but the interest rates are low.

[01:23.01]Certificates of deposit are another way to save.

[01:27.12]They pay higher interest rates.

[01:30.09]With a certificate of deposit, a person agrees

[01:33.72]not to withdraw an amount of money for a period of time.

[01:37.77]The term could be three months, or it could be several years.

[01:42.57]Longer terms, and larger amounts, pay higher interest.

[01:47.45]Another way to save is through a money market fund.

[01:51.69]They pay higher interest than savings accounts.

[01:55.41]The money is usually placed in short-term government securities.

[02:01.13]Money market funds, however, may not be federally guaranteed like other kinds of savings.

97

Mergers and Acquisitions

[00:56.59]Mergers and acquisitions are a big part of the corporate finance world.

[01:03.62]A merger is when two or more companies combine their operations.

[01:09.64]Generally the combined company is able to negotiate lower prices with suppliers [01:17.97]because of its bigger size and market.

[01:21.33]Jobs are sometimes also cut in mergers to save money.

[01:27.68]The idea is to increase the value of the combined company for shareholders.

[01:34.21]But that does not always happen.

[01:37.88]Some experts suggest that only one merger in three creates big gains for shareholders. [01:46.16]At the same time, mergers can reduce competition,

[01:51.63]resulting in higher prices.

[01:54.43]The simplest way for companies to combine is through an acquisition.

[02:00.28]One company buys another.

[02:03.52]Companies may take a large part or a small part in guiding the policies of the businesses they acquire.

[02:13.04]Some investors buy controlling shares of stock in companies

[02:19.27]but leaving their management teams in place.

Bankruptcy

[00:56.61]Bankruptcy is a legal process for people and businesses that are in debt.

[01:02.58]It is designed to help them get a new start.

[01:06.50]It is also designed to help their creditors get paid

[01:10.29]at least some of what they are owed.

[01:13.40]In America, two kinds of bankruptcy are most common for individuals.

[01:19.31]These are called chapter seven and chapter thirteen.

[01:23.48]They are named after the parts of the United States Code that define them.

[01:28.96]Chapter thirteen bankruptcy requires people to have a plan to repay their creditors. [01:35.74]They make payments for three to five years

[01:38.85]until most of their debt is paid off.

[01:42.27]In chapter seven bankruptcy, people must give up some of their property.

[01:47.75]The property is then sold to pay their creditors.

[01:51.48]But the people are able to keep the money they earn

[01:54.53]after they bring their bankruptcy case.

[01:57.70]Under chapter seven they are also able to keep most of the property they buy after that time.

[02:05.36]The second and third readings.

99

]Debating Skills

[00:55.83]A debate involves a discussion of the pros and cons of an issue.

[01:02.61]Debating successfully is all about using argument and persuasion

[01:08.52]to convince other people that your views are right.

[01:13.81]Here are steps to debating perfection.

[01:18.16]First, research the subject,

[01:21.02]so that you have facts to back up your views.

[01:25.13]Then, use logic to develop your case and make your points.

[01:30.72]Lead each point on from what you were previously saying.

[01:36.14]That way you build up a story and expand your answer.

[01:41.31]It's always good to consider the counter-arguments in advance.

[01:46.31]That way the other side can't catch you out and you're always prepared.

[01:52.71]Next, be open-minded and prepared to change your opinion

[01:58.99]if the other side convinces you your argument is flawed.

[02:03.60]Last but not least, stick to the subject being debated

[02:09.32]and don't stray into other areas.

[02:12.55]It sounds obvious but it's not easy to do once you start debating.

100

English New Words

[00:57.56]New words enter the English language all the time.

[01:02.17]In fact, English has always been in a state of evolution.

[01:07.90]In recent years more and more words and phrases have entered the language. [01:14.50]It's partly due to the increased willingness of editors

[01:19.16]to include them in the dictionaries.

[01:22.46]But where do all these words come from?

[01:25.32]Words come out of the culture they represent and describe.

[01:30.92]So if you've got a new development in medicine, for example, bird flu,

[01:37.39]then you'll get the new word coming out of that.

[01:42.11]If there's a military conflict,

[01:44.29]that may well bring all sorts of new words to the fore.

[01:49.15]Going back in time the First and Second World Wars

[01:53.62]were times of great creativity of language

[01:57.99]because people from different countries met each other and exchanged their words [02:04.40]and words developed from there.

[02:07.26]So really words come from the playground, politics and any area of life

[02:14.54]because every area of life is changing from day to day.

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英语听力模拟试题（一） ------------事实细节（一）听下面15段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Who gave the woman a new pair of shoes? A. Her father. B. Her grandfather. C. Her sister. 2. When did the men learn to cook Thai food? A. Last year. B. Last month. C. Last week. 3. What size shirt does the man probably have to wear now? A. An extra large. B. A large. C. A medium. 4. What did the woman order? A. A large salad. B. A chicken sandwich C. A small Diet Coke. 5. What color trousers does the woman recommend? A. Brown. B. Black. C. Blue. 6. What does the man have after lunch today? A. A film class. B. A psychology class. C. A history class. 7. When will the woman go to the market? A. After 5:00p.m. B. Before 5:00p.m. C. After7:00p.m. 8. When did the speakers forget to bring? A. Sleeping bags. B. Food. C. A flashlight. 9. What is wrong with the blanket? A. It’s a different brand. B. It’s the wrong size. C. It’s a different color. 10. When is the woman’s paper due? A. This evening. B. Tomorrow morning. C. Tomorrow afternoon. 11. Where are the speakers? A. At a fast food restaurant. B. At a nice restaurant.

2019年英语四级听力考试模拟试题(4)

2019年英语四级听力考试模拟试题(4) Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 22. [A] She's worried about the seminar. [B]The man keeps interrupting her. [C] She finds it too hard. [D] She lacks interest in it. 23.本文来源：考试大网 [A] The lecturers are boring. [B] The course is poorly designed. [C] She prefers Philosophy to English. [D] She enjoys literature more. 24. [A] Karen's friend. [B] Karen's parents. [C] Karen's lecturers. [D] Karen herself. 25. [A] Changing her major. [B]Spending less of her parents' money.

[C] Getting transferred to the English Department. [D] Leaving the university. Section B Directions： In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken. After you hear a question, you must choose the best and from the four choices marked [A], , [C] and [D]. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet with a single line through the centre. Passage One Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard. 26. [A] Rent a grave. [B]Burn the body. [C] Bury the dead near a church. [D] Buy a piece of land for a grave. 27. [A] To solve the problem of lack of land. [B]To see whether they have decayed. [C] To follow the Greek religious practice. [D] To move them to a multi-storey graveyard.

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大学英语四级真题听力原文

Section A 11. W: I ran into Sally the other day. I could hardly recognize her. Do you remember her from high school? M: Yeah, she was a little out of shape back then. Well, has she lost a lot of weight? Q: What does the man remember of Sally? 12. W: We don’t seem to have a reservation for you, sir. I’m sorry. M: But my secretary said that she had reserved a room for me here. I phoned her from the airport this morning just before I got on board the plane. Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place? 13. W: What would you do if you were in my place?

M: If Paul were my son, I’d just not worry. Now that his teacher is giving him extra help and he’s working hard himself, he’s sure to do well in the next exam. Q: What’s the man’s suggestion to the woman? 14. M: You’ve had your hands full and have been overworked during the last two weeks. I think you really need to go out and get some fresh air and sunshine. W: You are right. That’s just what I’m thinking about. Q: What is the woman most probably going to do? 15. W: Hello, John. How are you feeling now? I hear you’ve been ill. M: They must have confused me with my twin brother Rods. He’s been sick all week,but I’ve never felt better in my life. Q: What do we learn about the man?