中考初中英语六大状语从句复习学案

中考初中英语六大状语从句复习学案

状语从句知识要点列举概述状语主要是用来修饰动词和形容词的，以表明动作发生或状

态存在的时间、地点、原因、目的、结果等。状语从句即指在主从复合句中用作状语的从句。状语从句主要用来修饰主句或主句的谓语。

状语从句课程安排：

1、时间状语从句

（一）由when,while, as引导的时间状语从句的区别用法

（二）由before和after引导的时间状语从句的区别用法

（三）till或until引导的时间状语从句的区别

（四）since引导的时间状语从句的用法

1.时间状语从句

用表示时间的连词连接一个句子作状语，这样的主从复合句就是时间状语从句。

常用引导词：when, as, while, as soon as, before, after, since , till, until

（一）由when, while, as引导的时间状语从句的区别用法

▲when引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词，又可以是瞬时动词。并且when有时表

示“就在那时”。如：

①When she came in, I was eating.她进来时，我在吃饭。(瞬时动词)

②When I lived in the countryside, I used to carry some water for him. 当我的住

在农村时，我常常为他担水。（延续性的动词）

③We were about to leave when he came in.我们就要离开，就在那时他进来了。（就

在那时）

▲While引导的从句的谓语动作必须是延续性的，并强调主句和从句的动作同时发生（或者

相对应）。并且while有时还可以表示对比。

如：

①While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV. 我妻子在看报纸，

我在看电视。(was reading是延续性的动词，并且was reading和was watching同时发生) ②I like playing football while you like playing basketball.我喜欢踢足球，而你喜

欢打篮球。

▲As表示“一边……一边”，as引导的动作是延续性的动作，一般用于主句和从句动作同

时发生；as也可以强调“一先一后。

如：

①We always sing as we walk.我们总是边走边唱。（as表示“一边……一边”）

②As we was going out, it began to snow.当我们出门时，开始下雪了。（as强调句

中两个动作紧接着先后发生，而不强调开始下雪的特定时间）

（二）由before和after引导的时间状语从句的区别用法

▲before引导的从句不再用否定式的谓语，并且当before引导的从句位于主句之后，有时译成“就，才”。还要注意主句和从句之间的时间关系。当主句用将来时，从句总是用现在时；如果before引导的从句谓语用的是过去时，则主句动词多用过去完成时，这样以便体现动作发生的先后。

如：

It will be four days before they come back. （主将从现，一一对应）

他们要过四天才能回来。

Einstein almost knocked me down before he saw me. （几乎同时发生）

爱因斯坦几乎把我撞倒才看到我。

My father had left for Canada just before the letter arrived. （主过完从过）

我父亲恰好在信到之前去加拿大了。

They had not been married four months before they were divorced.

他们结婚还不到四个月就离婚了。

▲after表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后。主句和从句的动作的时间关系正好与before 引导的从句相反。

如：

After you think it over, please let me know what you decide.

你仔细考虑过以后，告诉我你是怎样决定的。

After we had finished the work, we went home.

完成工作之后，我们回家了。（从句用过去完成时，主句用一般过去时）

（三）till或until引导的时间状语从句的区别till和until一般情况下两者可以互换，但是在强调句型中多用until。但要注意的是：①如果主句中的谓语动词是瞬时动词时，必须用否定形式；

②如果主句中的谓语动词是延续性动词时，用肯定或否定形式都可以，但表达的意思不同。

③till不可以用在句首，而until可以放在句首。

如：

I didn't go to bed until（till）my father came back.

直到我父亲回来我才上床睡觉。（主句中的动作是瞬间性动作时必须用否定式）

It was not until the meeting was over that he began to teach me English.

直到散会之后他才开始教我英语。

I worked until he came back.我工作到他回来为止。（前肯意为否）

I didn't work until he came back.他回来我这才开始工作。（前否意为肯）

Please wait until I arrived.在我到达之前请等我。

（四）since引导的时间状语从句的用法since引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词，又可以是瞬时动词。一般情况下，从句谓语动词用一般过去时，而主句的谓语动词用现在完

成时。但在It is ＋时间＋since从句的句型中，主句多用一般现在时。

如：

I have been in Beijing since you left. （主现完从过去）

自从你离开以来，我一直在北京了。

Where have you been since I last saw you? （主现完从过去）

自上次我和你见面以后，你到哪里去了？

It is four years since my sister lived in Beijing.

我妹妹不在北京住有四年了。（重点句型，表示相反意思）

It is five months since our boss was in Beijing.

我们老板离开北京有五个月了。（重点句型，表示相反意思）

（五）在时间状语从句中如：

I’ll let him know as soon as she comes.（主将从现）

她一来，我就会让你知道。

2、原因状语从句

▲用表示原因的连词连接一个句子作状语，这样的主从复合句就是原因状语从句。

原因状语从句通常由because, since, as, for 引导。

①because表示直接原因，语气最强。Because引导的原因状语从句多放在主句之后。回答由why提出的问题，只能用because。

I was absent from the meeting because I was ill.

因为我病了，所以没出席会议。

②as和since语气较弱，一般用来表示明显的原因。

由as和since引导的原因状语从句多放在句首。

As it is raining, we will not go to the park.

因为下雨，所以我们没去公园。

Since everybody is here, let’s begin our meeting.

既然每个人都来了，那就开会了。

③for有时也可引出表示原因的分句，但它只能位于后面，对前一分句加以解释或推断。

It must have rained last night，for the ground is wet．

昨天晚上一定下雨了，因为地面都湿了。

3、目的状语从句

目的状语从句通常由so that，in order that引导。

▲用表示目的的连词连接一个句子作状语，这样的主从复合句就是目的状语从句。

如：I hired a boat so that I could go fishing.我租了一条船去钓鱼。

He studied hard in order that he could pass the exam. 他努力学习是为了能通过考试。

▲需要注意的是，so that既可引导目的状语从句，又可引导结果状语从句。区别这两种从句的办法有两个：

①目的状语从句里往往带有情态动词can, could, may, might等。

②从意思上看，目的状语从句往往表示的目的很明确。

如：

Speak clearly so that they may understand you. (目的状语从句)

Jack is badly ill so that he has to rest. (结果状语从句)

4、条件状语从句

▲用表示条件的连词连接一个句子作状语，这样的主从复合句就是目的状语从句。

①引导条件状语从句的从属连词主要有if, unless，as long as等。

如：Don't come unless I telephone.

除非我打电话，否则你别来。

If you watch carefully you will see how to do it.

如果你仔细看，你会看出该怎样做。

②在条件状语从句里，谓语动词通常用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态（主将从现）。

如：I’ll help you with your English if I am free tomorrow.

如果我明天有空，我就帮你辅导英语。

He won’t be late unless he is ill.

除非他病了，否则他不会迟到。

5、结果状语从句

▲引导结果状语从句的从属连词主要有so that, so…that，such…that等。

如：He was so angry that he couldn't speak. 他气得话都说不出来。

He shut the window with such force that the glass broke. 他关窗子用力太大，玻璃都震破了。

▲【5条注意事项】

▲在由so...that引导的结果状语从句中，so是副词，与形容词连用。其结构是: “...so + 形容词（副词）+ that + 从句”。如：

The hall is so big that it can hold 2,000 people.

这个大厅大得能容纳2000人。

Mother lives so far away that we hardly ever see her.

妈妈住得太远了我们都无法常见面。

▲在由such…that引导的结果状语从句中，such是形容词，它修饰的可以是单数或复数可数名词，也可以是不可数名词；名词前面可以带形容词，也可不带。如果是单数可数名词，前面需加不定冠词a或an。

如：It was such a hot day that nobody wanted to do anything..

天太热了，没人愿意干活。

He made such rapid progress that he did very well in the mid-term.

他进步很快，期中表现非常好。

有时上述两种结构是可以互换的。

如：It was such a wonderful film that all of us wanted to see it again.

=The film was so wonderful that all of us wanted to see it again.

这部电影太精彩了，我们都想再看一遍。

▲如果名词前由many, much, little, few等词修饰时，只能用so, 不用such。

如：Soon there were so many deer that they ate up all the wild roses.

很快就聚集了许多鹿，啃光了所有的野玫瑰。

He has so little time that he can’t go to the cinema with you.

他几乎没时间跟你们去电影院。

▲so...that...句型的否定形式可用简单句too...to...或not...enough to代替。

如：He is so young tha t he can’t go to school.

他太小了，不能上学。

＝He is too young to go to school.

＝He is not old enough to go to school.

▲当so/such…that结构中的so或such放在句首时，主句用倒装语序。

So proud was he that henever listened to any advice.

他太骄傲了以致于从来听不进任何建议。

6.地点状语从句

引导词：where（…的地方）, wherever （任何…的地方）

We should go where the Party needs us most.我们应到党最需要我们的地方去。

You are free to go wherever you like.你愿意去哪里就去哪里。

★注意区分where引导的定语从句与状语从句

You’d better make a mark where you have any questions. (状语从句)

You’d better make a mark at the place where you have any questions. (定语从句)你最好在有疑问的地方做个记号。

一、Where引导状语从句—副词性从句

二、Where引导定语从句—形容词性从句

三、在有些情况下,where引导的定语从句可转换为where引导的地点状语从句.

一、Where引导状语从句—副词性从句

当Where引导状语从句时，Where前没有表示地点的先行词，Where是从属连词，Where引导

的从句修饰主句的谓语动词。例如：

1. The famous scientist grew up where he was born and in 1930 he came to Shanghai.这位知名的科学家就在出生地成长，1930年来到上海。

评析：句中“the famous scientist grew up "这一部分是该句的主句，Where到句子最后

是地点状语从句，where前没有表示地点的先行词.

2. She found her passport where she lost it .她在她丢护照的地方找到了护照。

评析："passport"是主句 found 后的宾语，它并不是从句中lost的地点，因此 where 引

导的是地点状语从句，从属连词where引导的从句修饰主句的谓语动词 found 。

二、Where引导定语从句—形容词性从句

当where 引导定语从句时，Where前有表示地点的先行词，where 引导的从句修饰先行词，Where是关系副词，在从句中作地点状语。例如：

3. He's got himself into a dangerous situation where is likely to lose

control over the plane .他在飞机上失去控制，处于极其危险的境地。评析：situation

是先行词，其后是Where引导的定语从句。

4. This is the place where Luxun once lived .这是鲁迅曾经生活过的地方。

评析： the place 是先行词，其后是 where引导的定语从句，where 在从句中作地点状语。

一★关键区别：Where引导的状语从句前面没有名词，即使有，也和从句无关。

二、 Where引导的定语从句前面有表示地点的名词作先行词，并在后面的定语从句中做状语。

三、在有些情况下,where引导的定语从句可转换为where引导的地点状语从句.例如:A

tall building was put up at the place where there used to be a desert.＝A tall building was put up where there used to be a desert.在以前曾是沙漠的地方盖起了

一幢高楼.

有志者事竟成。Where there is a will there is a way.

经典例题

( C ) . ________ he is only 8 years old, he knows more about science than his mother.

A) Because B) But C) Although D) So

( A ). ___________ you put your heart into the book, you won’t understand it.

A. Unless

B. Until

C. Because

D. Though

( A ). ________ Louis got only a silver medal this time, he was still more confident about the future.

A) Though B)Because C) If D) As soon as

( A). I didn’t know the new classmate_______ we met at a Yoga club yesterday.

A)until B) after C) if D)though

The scientists will succeed in their experiment _________ they give up.

A) unless B) if C) after D) until

( C ). _______ all the students are here, why don’t we start our class meeting right now?

A) Although B) When C) Since D) Before

( B ). Nowadays many people travel abroad to spend the Spring Festival,

_______it is a bit expensive.

A) because B) though C) since D) if

( C ).A new school library will be built soon ______ its design is passed at the meeting.

A) though B) until C) if D) unless

( D ).She turned her face away from him ______he wouldn’t see her tears.

A)although B) unless C) because D) so that

( D ).I don't like apples I know it's good for my health.

A)because B)since C)when D)although

( C ).Stella gave a lot of money to the charity ________she was not very rich.

A. if

B. since

C. though

D. because

( C ). Some students had to give up their hobbies __________ they were busy

with their work.

A) although B) until C) because D) unless

( D ).He just kept silent he knew clearly it was his turn to speak.

A) if B) because C) after D) though

一、英语阅读理解专项练习试卷

1．根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。

Jackie visited his grandparents on their farm. And he was playing with a slingshot(弹弓) in the woods. He practised in the woods but he could never hit the target. As he was walking back, he saw Grandma's pet duck. Without thinking, he shot, hit the duck in the head and killed it. He was very afraid. He knew Grandma loved the duck. She would be sad or even angry if she knew that her duck was killed He then hid the dead duck under a tee His sister Susan saw it all, but she said nothing.

After lunch that day Grandma said, "Susan, let's wash the dishes. "But Susan said, "Grandma. Jackie told me he wanted to help in the kitchen today, didn't you, Jackie?" And then she whispered(小声说) to him, "Remember the duck? "So Jackie did the dishes.

Later Grandpa asked if the children wanted to go fishing, but Grandma sad, "Tm sorry but I need Susan to help clean the house." But Susan smiled and said, "Well, that's all right because Jackie told me he wanted to help."

And she whispered again, "Remember the duck?" So Susan went fishing with Grandpa and Jackie stayed.

These "remember the duck" went on for many days. Then finally Jackie couldn't stand it any longer. He came to Grandma and told her that he had killed the duck. She gave him a hug, and said, "Sweetheart, I know. You see, I was standing at the window and I saw the whole thing. But because I love you, I forgave you. But I just wanted to see how long you would let Susan make a slave(奴隶) of you."

（1）What's probably the meaning of the word "target" in this passage?

A. 树干

B. 地面

C. 动物

D. 目标

（2）What did Jackie hit with the slingshot at last?

A. The target

B. A rabbit

C. The pet duck

D. A pet dog

（3）Susan didn't tell Grandma about Jackie's secret because

A. she wanted Jackie to do something for her

B. she was afraid Grandma would be very sad

C. she didn't want to make Grandma angry

D. she loved her brother very much

（4）Jackie helped clean the house instead of going fishing with Grandma because

A. he liked cleaning the house

B. Grandma asked him to clean the house

初中英语时间状语从句讲解及练习

语法 29时间状语从句 一、什么是状语从句 状语就是在一句话中表示该句子的时间、地点、方式、原因、条件等成分。状语从句就是用一个从 句表示状语。状语从句根据它表达的意思不同，可分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等九类。 与状语一样，状语从句的位置比较灵活。既可置于主句之前（通常用逗号与主句隔开），也课置于主句之后（不需要用逗号与主句隔开），有时甚至可以置于主句之中。 二、时间状语从句 1. 主句和从句同时发生，这类从句由从属连词when, while, as引导。 He was hungry when he came home. I was crying while everyone was laughing. As I walked out, he walked in. as, when, while, 的区别 ① as强调从句的动作与主句动作同时发生及持续，具有at the same time的意思 他继续往下谈的时候，越来越兴奋。 as还可以表示一边??一边??，强调从句和主句中两个动作交替进行或同步进行。 他们边走边聊。 as还有“ 随着”的含义 随着春天的到来，天气暖和起来。 ② when 强调动作点的特定时间，具有at the time that 的意思 当老师走进来的时候，我们都站起来了。 ③ while 表示较长的期间，具有during the time that 的意思 当我在这的时候，我很安全。 2.主句发生在从句之前，这类从句由从属连词before, until 引导 ,before 意为“ 在---之前” until 在肯定句中意为“直到 --- 为止”，在否定句中意为“直到 --- 才”。从句既可置于主句前，也可置 于主句之后。 回家之前我必须干完所有的活。

初中英语状语从句归纳(附练习及答案)

状语从句指句子用作状语时，起副词作用的句子。它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。状语从句一般由连词（从属连词）引导，也可以由词组引起。从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句隔开，位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开。 一、时间状语从句 要点: 时间状语从句，由以下连词引导： whe n while as after before as soon as since till /un til by the time在时间状语从句中，要注意时态一致。一般情况下主句是将来时的时候，从句要用一般现在时。 1. whe n当。。。的时候 mozart started writing music when he was four years old. （当）莫扎特的时候，开始写音乐作品。 2. while 当。。。时 he visited a lot of places while he was traveling. 他在旅途中参观了许多地方。 3. as在。。。的同时；一边。。。一边。。。 he smiled as he stood up. 他一边站起来一边笑着。 4. after 在。。。之后 he left the classroom after he had finished his homework the other day. 前几天做完作业之后回的家

5.before 在。。之前 mr. brown had worked in a bank for a year before he came here. 布朗先生来这之前已经在一家银行里工作一年了。 6. as soon as o。。就。。。 we began to work as soon as we got there. 我们一到那就开始工作。 i will write to you as soon as i get home. 我一到家就给你写信。 7. since 自。。。以来到现在 表示自过去的一个起点时间到目前（说话时间）为止的一段持续时间。主句一般用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。 mr green has taught in that school since he came to china three years ago. 自格林先生来中国以来，他就在这所学校教书。 （还可以用作介词，本句从句还可以用短语：si nee three years ago自三年前以 来）表示。） 8 till /until 都可以作连词，连接时间状语，也可以作介词，与其它词构成介词短语，在句中作状语。 they walked till /until it was dark. 他们一直走到天黑 xiao ming didn 't leave home till /iluhnits father came back.

8B U1中考复习学案

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