全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语二试题及答案

2015年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语二试题

Section I Use of English

Directions:

Read the following text。Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and markA，B，C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1(10 points)

In our contemporary culture，the prospect of communicating with-or even looking at-a stranger is virtually unbearable Everyone around us seems to agree by the way they fiddle with their phones，even without a 1 underground

Its a sad reality-our desire to avoid interacting with other human beings-because theres 2 to be gained from talking to the strange r standing by you. But you wouldnt know it， 3 into your phone. This universal armor sends the 4 ：Please dont approach me.

What is it that makes us feel we need to hide 5 our screens?

One answer is fear, according to Jon Wortmann, executive mental coach We fear rejection，or that our innocent social advances will be 6 ascreep,We fear weII be 7 We fear weII be disruptive Strangers are inherently 8 to us，so we are more likely to feel 9 when communicating with them compared with our friends and acquaintances To avoid this anxiety, we 10 to our phones.Phones become our security blanket，Wortmann says.They are our happy

glasses that protect us from what we perceive is going to be more 11 .

But once we rip off the bandaid，tuck our smartphones in our pockets and look up，it doesnt 12 so bad. In one 2011 experiment，behavioral scientists Nicholas Epley and Juliana Schroeder asked commuters to do the unthinkable: Start a 13 . They had Chicago train commuters talk to their fellow 14 . When Dr.Epley and Ms. Schroeder asked other people in the same train station to 15 how they would feel after talking

to a stranger, the commuters thought their 16 would be more pleasant if they sat on their own, the New York Times summarizes. Though the participants didnt expect a positive experience, after they 17 with

the experiment, not a single person reported having been snubbed.

18 , these commutes were reportedly more enjoyable compared with those sans communication, which makes absolute sense, 19 human beings thrive off of social connections. Its that 20 : Talking to strangers can make you feel connected.

1. [A] ticket [B] permit [C]signall [D] record

2. [A] nothing [B] link [C]another [D] much

3. [A] beaten [B] guided [C]plugged [D] brought

4. [A] message [B] cede [C]notice [D] sign

5. [A] under [B] beyond [C] behind [D] from

6. [A] misinterprete [B] misapplied [C] misadjusted [D] mismatched

7. [A] fired [B] judged [C] replaced [D] delayed

8. [A] unreasonable [B] ungreatful [C] unconventional [D] unfamiliar

9. [A] comfortable [B] anxious [C] confident [D] angry

10. [A] attend [B] point [C] take [D] turn

11. [A] dangerous [B] mysterious [C] violent [D] boring

12. [A] hurt [B] resis [C] bend [D] decay

13. [A] lecture [B] conversation [C] debate [D] negotiation

14. [A] trainees [B] employees [C] researchers [D] passengers

15. [A] reveal [B] choose [C] predictl [D] design

16. [A] voyage [B] flight [C] walk [D] ride

17. [A] went through [B] did away [C] caught up [D] put up

18. [A] In turn [B] In particular [C]In fact [D] In consequence

19. [A] unless [B] since [C] if [D] whereas

20. [A] funny [B] simple [C] Iogical [D] rare

答案：

1. signal

2. Much

3. plugged

4. message

5. behind

6. misinterpreted

7. judged

8. unfamiliar

9. anxious 10. turn 11. dangerous 12. hurt 13. Conversation 14. passengers

15. predict 16. ride 17. went through 18. in fact

19. since 20. simple

原标题：2015年考研英语二真题答案（完整版）

Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension

Part A

Text 1

A new study suggests that contrary to most surveys. People art actually more stressed at home than at work. Researchers measured peoples cortntlol. Which is it at stress marker. While they were at work and while they were at home and found it higher at what is supposed to be a place of refuge.

Further contradicting conventional wisdom, we found that women as well as men have lower levels of stress at work than at home, writes one of the researchers. Sarah Damaske, In fact women say they feel better at work. She notes. it is men not women. Who report being bappicr at home than at work, Another surprise is that the findings hold true for both those with childrcn and without, but more so for nonparents. This is why pcoplc who work outside the home have better health.

What the study doesnt measure is whether people are still doing work when they re at home, whether it is household work or work brought home from the office. For many men, the end of the workday is a time to kick back. For women who stay home, they never get to leave the office. And for women who work outside the home, they often are playing catch-up-with-household tasks. With the blurring of roles, and the fact that the home front lags well behind the workplace in making adjustments for working women, it s not surprising that women are more stressed at home.

But its not just a gender thing. At work, people pretty much know what theyre supposed to be doing: working, making money, doing the tasks they have to do in order to draw an income. The bargain is very pure: Employee puts in hours of physical or mental labor and employee draws out life-sustaining moola.

On the home front, however, people have no such clarity. Rare is the household in

which the division of labor is so clinically and methodically laid out. There are a lot of tasks to be done, there are inadequate rewards for most of them. Your home colleagues-your family-have no clear rewards for their labor; they need to be talked into it, or if they re teenagers, threatened with complete removal of all electronic devices. Plus, they re your family. You cannot fire your family. You never really get to go home from home.

So its not surprising that people are more stressed at home. Not only are the tasks apparently infinite, the co-workers are much harder to motivate.

21.According to Pa ragraph 1，most previous su rveys found that home

[A]was an un realistic place for relaxation

[B]generated more stress than the workplace

[C]was an ideal place for stress measurement

[D]offered greater relaxation than the workplace

22.According to Damaske， who are likely to be the happiest at home?

[A]Working mothers

[B]Childless husbands

[C] Childless wives

[D]Working fathers

23 The blurring of working womens roles refers to the fact thay

[A]they are both bread winners and housewives

[B]their home is also a place for kicking back

[C]there is often much housework left behind

[D]it is difficult for them to leave their office

24.The wordmoola(Line 4， 4)most probably means

[A]energy

[B]skills

[C]earnings

[D]nutrition

25.The home front differs from the workplace in that

[A]home is hardly a cozier working environment

[B]division of labor at home is seldom clear-cut

[C]household tasks are generally more motivating

[D]family labor is often adequately rewarded

答案：

21.D offered greater relaxation than the workplace

22.B childless husbands

23.A they are both bread winners and housewives

24.C earnings

25.B division of labor at home is seldom clear-cut

Text 2

For years, studies have found that first-generation college students-those who do not have a parent with a college degree-lag other students on a range of education achievement factors. Their grades are lower and their dropout rates are higher. But since such students are most likely to advance economically if they succeed in higher education, colleges and universities have pushed for decades to recruit more of them. This has created a dox in that recruiting first-generation students, but then watching many of them fail, means that higher education has continued to reproduce and widen, rather than close achievement gap based on social class, according to the depressing beginning of a paper forthcoming in the journal Psychological Sciense.

But the article is actually quite optimistic, as it outlines a potential solution to this problem, suggesting that an approach(which involves a one-hour, next-to-no-cost program) can close 63 percent of the achievement gap(measured by such factors as grades)between first-generation and other students.

The authors of the paper are from different universities, and their findins are based on a study involving 147 students(who completed the project)at an unnamed private unive rsity.First generation was defined as not having a parent with a fou r-year college degree Most of the first-generation students(59.1 percent) were recipients of Pell Grants，a federal g rant for undergraduates with financial need，while this was true only for 8.6 percent of the students wit at least one parent with a four-year

degree

Their thesis-that a relatively modest inte rvention could have a big impact-was based on the view that first-gene ration students may be most lacking not in potential but in practical knowledge about how to deal with the issues that face most college students They cite past resea rch by several authors to show that this is the gap that must be na rrowed to close the achievement gap.

Many first-gene ration studentsstruggle to navigate the middle-class culture of higher education，learn therules of the game，and take advantage of college resou rces, they write And this becomes more of a problem when collages dont talk about the class advantage and disadvantages of different groups of students Because US colleges and universities seldom acknowledge how social class can affect students educational expe rience，many first-gene ration students lack sight about why they a re struggling and do not unde rstand how students like them can improve

26. Recruiting more first-generation students has

[A]reduced their d ropout rates

[B]narrowed the achievement gao

[C] missed its original pu rpose

[D]depressed college students

27 The author of the research article are optimistic because

[A]the problem is solvable

[B]their approach is costless

[q the recruiting rate has increased

[D]their finding appeal to students

28 The study suggests that most first-gene ration students

[A]study at private universities

[B]are from single-pa rent families

[q are in need of financial support

[D]have failed their collage

29. The author of the paper believe that first-generation students

[A]a re actually indifferent to the achievement gap

[B]can have a potential influence on othe r students

[C] may lack opportunities to apply for resea rch projects

[D]are inexperienced in handling their issues at college

30.We mayinfer from the last graph that

[A]universities often r~ect the culture of the middle-class

[B]students are usually to blame for their lack of resources

[C]social class g reatly helps en rich educational experiences

[D]colleges are partly responsible for the problem in question

答案：

26.C missed its original purpose

27.A the problem is solvable

28.C are in need of financial support

29.D are inexperienced in handling issues at college

30.D colleges are partly responsible for the problem in question

Text3

Even in traditional offices，the lingua franca of corporate America has gottenmuch more emotional and much more right-brained than it was 20 years ago， said Ha rva rd Business School professor Nancy Koehn She sta rted spinning off examples.If you and I parachuted back to Fortune 500 companies in 1990，we would see much less frequent use of terms like Journey, mission,passion. There were goals，there were strategies，there were tives，but we didnt talk about energy；we didnt talk about passion.

Koehn pointed out that this new era of corporate vocabulary is very team-oriented-and not by coincidence.Lets not forget sDorts-in male-dominated corporate America，its still a big deal. Its not explicitly conscious；its the idea that Im a coach，and youre my team，and were in this togethec. There are lots and lots of CEOs in very different companies，but most think of themselves as coaches and this is their team and they want to win.

These terms a re also intended to infuse work with meaning-and，as Khu rana points out，increase allegiance to the firm.You have the importation of terminology that

historically used to be associated with non-profit organizations and religious organizations：Terms like vision，values，passion，and purpose，saidKhurana

This new focus on personal fulfillment can help keep employees motivated amid increasingly loud debates over work-life balance The mommy wars of the 1990s a re still going on today, prompting arguments about whywomen still canthave it all and books like Sheryl Sandbergs Lean In，whose title has become abuzzword in its own right. Terms like unplug，offline，life-hack，bandwidth，andcapacity are all about setting boundaries between the office and the home But ifyour work is your passion, youII be more likely to devote yourself to it，even ifthat means going home for dinner and then working long after the kids are in bed

But this seems to be the irony of office speak：Everyone makes fun of it，butmanage rs love it，companies depend on it，and regular people willingly absorb itAs Nunberg said，You can get people to think its nonsense at the same timethat you buy into it. In a workplace thats fundamentally indiffe rent to your lifeand its meaning office speak can help you figu re out how you relate to yourwork-and how your work defines who you are

31. According to Nancy Koehn, office language has become

[A]more e motional

[B]more tive

[C]less energetic

[D]less energetic

[E]less strategic

32.team-oriented corporate vocabulary is closely related to

[A]historical incidents

[B]gender difference

[C]sports culture

[D]athletic executives

33.Khurana believes that the importation of terminology aims to

[A]revive historical terms

[B]promote company image

[C]foster corporate cooperation

[D]strengthen employee loyalty

34.It can be inferred that Lean In

[A]voices for working women

[B]appeals to passionate workaholics

[C]triggers dcbates among mommies

[D]praises motivated employees

35.Which of the following statements is true about office speak?

[A]Managers admire it but avoid it

[B]Linguists believe it to be nonsense

[C]Companies find it to be fundamental

[D]Regular people mock it but accept it

答案：

31.A more emotional

32.C sports culture

33.D strengthen employee loyalty

34.A voices for working women

35.C companies find it to be fundamental

Text 4

Many people talked of the 288,000 new jobs the Labor Department reporled for Jure, along with the drop in the unemployment take to 6 J percent. at good news. And they were right. For now it appears the economy is creating jobs at a decent pace. We still have a long way to go to get back to full employment, but at least we are now finally moving forward at a faster pace.

However there is another important part of the jobs picture that was targely ovedookcd. There was a big jump in the number of people who report voluntarily working part-time. This figure is now 830,000（4,4 percent）above its year ago level.

Before explaining the connection to the Obamacare, it is worth making an important distinction. Many people who work part-time jobs actually want full-time jobs. They

take part-time work because this is all they can get. An increase in involuntary part-time work is evidence of weakness in the labor market and it means that many people will be having a very hard time making ends meet.

There was an increase in involuntary part-time in June, but the general direction has been down. Involuntary part-time employment is still far higher than before the recession, but it is down by 640,000(7.9 percent)from its year ago level.

We know the difference between voluntary and involuntary part-time employment because people tell us. The survey used by the Labor Department asks people if they worked less than 35 hours in the reference week. If the answer is yes.they are classified as working part-time. The survey then asks whether they worked less than 35 hours in that week because they wanted to work less than full time or because they had no choice. They are only elassified as voluntary part-time workers if they tell the survey taker they chose to work less than 35 hours a week.

The issue of voluntary part-time relates to Obamacare becanse one of the main purposes was to allow people to get insurance outside of employment. For many people, especially those with serious health conditions or family mrs with serious health conditions, before Obamacare the only way to get insurance was through a job that provided health insurance.

However, Obamacare has allowed more than 12 million people to either get insurance through Medicaid or the exchanges. These are people who may previously have felt the need to get a full-time job that provided insurance in order to cover themselves and their families. With Obamacare there is no longer a link between employment and insurance.

36. Which part of the jobs picture was neglected?

A. The prospect of a thriving job market.

B. The increase of voluntary part-time jobs.

C. The possibility of full employment.

D. The acceleration of job creation.

37. Many people work part-time because they

A. prefer part-time jobs to full-time jobs

B. feel that is enough to make ends meet

C. cannot get their hands on full-time jobs

D. haven t seen the weakness of the market

38. Involuntary part-time employment in the US

A. is harder to acquire than one year ago

B. shows a general tendency of decline

C. satisfies the real need of the jobless

D. is lower than before the recession

39. It can be learned that with Obamacare, .

A. it is no longer easy for part-timers to get insurance

B. employment is no longer a precondition to get insurance

C. it is still challenging to get insurance for family mrs

D. full-time employment is still essential for insurance

40. The text mainly discusses.

A. employment in the US

B. part-timer classification

C. insurance through Medicaid

D. Obamacares trouble

答案：

36.B the increase of voluntary part-time jobs

37.C cannot get their hands on full-time jobs

38.B shows a general tendency of decline

39.B employment is no longer a precondition to get insurance

40.A employment in the US

Some Old Truths to Help You Overcorne Toucgh Times

Uefortunately, life is not a bed of roses, We are going through life facing sad experiences. Moreover, we are grieving various kinds of loss: a friendship, a rontantic relatlonshlp of a house. Hard times may hold you down at what usually seems like the most inopportune time,but you should remr that they wont last forever.

When our time of mourning is over, we press forward, stronger with a greater understanding and respect for life. Furthermore, these losses make us mature and eventally move as toward future opportunities for growth and happiness. I want to share these old truths Ive learned along the way.

41.

Fear is both useful and harmful. This normal human reaction is used to protect us by signaling danger and preparing us to deal with it. Unfortunately, people create inner barriers with a help of exaggerating fears. My favorite actor will smith once said, Fear is not real. It is a product of thoughts you create. Do not misunderstand me. Danger is very real. But fear is a choice. I do completely agree that fears are just the product of our luxuriant imagination.

42 .

If you are by and

43. .

Sometimes it is casy to feel bad because you are going through tough times. You can be easily caught up by life problems that you forget to pause and appreciate the things you have. Only strong people prefer to smile and value their life instead of crying and complaining about something.

44..

No matter how isolated you might feel and how serious the situation is, you should always remr that you are not alone. Try to keep in mind that almost everyone respects and wants to help you if you are trying to make a good change in your life, especially your dearest and nearest people, You may have a circle of friends who provide constant good humor, help and companionship. If you have no friends or relatives. Try to

participate in several online communities, full of people who are always willing to share advice and cncouragement.

45 .

Today many people find it difficult to trust their own opinion and seek balance by gaining tivity from external sources. This way you devalue your opinion and show that you are incapable of managing your of own life. When you are struggling to achieve something important you should believe in yourself and be sure that your decision is the best. You live in your skin, think your own thoughts, have your own values and make your own choices.

答案：

41.D Most of your fears are unreal

42.E Think about the resent moment

43.G There are many things to be grateful for

44.A you are not alone

45.C Pave your own unique path

Section Ⅲ Translation

46.

Translate the following text from English into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)

Think about driving a route thats very familiar. It could be your commute to work,

a trip into town or the way home. Whichever it is, you know every twist and turn like the back of your hand. On these sorts of trips its easy tolose concentration on the driving and pay little attention to the passing scenery. The consequence is that you perceive that the trip has taken less time than it actually has.

This is the well-travelled road effect: people tend to underestimate the time it takes to travel a familiar route.

The effect is caused by the way we allocate our attention. When we travel down a well-known route, because we dont have to concentrate much, time seems to flow more quickly. And afterwards, when we come to think back on it, we cant remr the journey well because we didnt pay much attention to it. So we assume it wasshorter.

参考译文：

想想看在一条非常熟悉的路上驾驶的感觉，这可能发生在上班，进城或回家的路上。无论如何，你会熟悉路上的每一个迂回曲折。在这类旅行中，我们很容易会分散注意力并且不太关注路边的风景。结果就是你误以为旅途比实际所用的时间要少。

这是美妙的旅程所产生的效果：人们往往会低估在熟悉的旅程中所用掉的时间。

我们分散注意力的方式会导致这种结果。当我们在知名的路途中行驶时，我们不必过于集中精力，时间似乎过得飞快。随后，当我们回想整个过程时，由于没有特别留神，会变得印象模糊。此时，我们似乎会觉得这段旅程会更短些。

Section Ⅳ Writing

Part A

47.Direerions:

Suppose your university is going to host a summer camp for high school students.

Write a notice to

1)briefly introduce the camp activities, and

2)call for volunteers.

You should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET.

Do not use your name or the name of your university.

Do not write your address.(10 points)

范文：

Notice

The Students Union are arranging for a summer camp for high school students to broaden their horizon and experience different life.As there are some foreign students,who will also attend it,some volunteers are needed.The details are as follows.

To begin with,the summer camp is scheduled on July 15th and will end on July 22nd.That is to say,it will last for about one week and the theme is Loving your country,Loving the world.What is more,different kinds of activities are included during the camp,like knowledge competition, patriotic songs contest, drama contest and so https://www.sodocs.net/doc/8515562098.html,st but not least,volunteers should be those who are good at communicating with foreigners and also take an active part in activities.

If you have any questions,please do not hesitate to contact us at 5678 soon.

Students Union

Part B

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2003年4月自考大学英语(二)试题及答案

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SectionⅠUse of English Directions： Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points) Why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously be painful?Because humans have an inherent need to1uncertainty, according to a recent study in Psychological Science.The new research reveals that the need to know is so strong that people will2to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will3. In a series of four experiments,behavioral scientists at the University of Chicago and the Wisconsin School of Business tested students’willingness to4themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity.For one5,each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment.The twist?Half of the pens would6an electric shock when clicked. Twenty-seven students were told which pens were electrified;another twenty-seven were told only that some were electrified.7left alone in the room, the students who did not know which ones would shock them clicked more pens and incurred more shocks than the students who knew what would8.Subsequent experiments reproduced this effect with other stimuli,9the sound of fingernails on a chalkboard and photographs of disgusting insects. The drive to10is deeply rooted in humans,much the same as the basic drives for11or shelter,says Christopher Hsee of the University of Chicago. Curiosity is often considered a good instinct–it can12new scientific advances, for instance–but sometimes such13can backfire.The insight that curiosity can drive you to do14things is a profound one. Unhealthy curiosity is possible to15,however.In a final experiment, participants who were encouraged to16how they would feel after viewing an unpleasant picture were less likely to17to see such an image.These results suggest that imagining the18of following through on one’s curiosity ahead of time can help determine19it is worth the endeavor.“Thinking about long-term 20is key to reducing the possible negative effects of curiosity,”Hsee says.In other words,don’t read online comments.

2019年10月自考英语二真题与答案

2019 年 10 月髙等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 英语 (二）试卷 （课程代码： 00015） 本试卷共 8 页，满分 100 分，考试时间 150 分钟。 考生答卷前必须将自己的姓名和准考证号写在答题卡上。 必须在答题卡上答题，写在试卷上的答案无效。 第一部分：阅读判断（第1? 10 题，每题 1 分，共 10 分） 下面的短文后列出了10 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果 该句提供的是正确信息，选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C。在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。 To Lease(租赁 ) or Not to Lease Planning to lease a car because you don't think you can afford to buy? Think again. Leasing can end up being just as expensive as buying. Most people think about leasing because they believe it will cost them less money. They're right-it is cheaper, but only in the short term. For example, if you were to lease anew Subaru Forester, you might pay $300 per month for the car. If you were to buy the same car, you would pay about $400 per month. Over a three-year, you would save $3600-a big savings. But after your lease is over, you have to give the car back. Many people want to lease because they can drive a more expensive car than they might otherwise be able to afford. For example, if you spend $300 monthly on a car, you might be able to lease a new Ford Explorer. For the same price, you might