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英语感叹句的构成及用法详解

英语感叹句的构成及用法详解
英语感叹句的构成及用法详解

英语感叹句的构成及用法详解

2012-05-23 15:11:31| 分类:英语知识归纳|举报|字号订阅感叹句的基本句型

【句型一】What + (a / an) + 形容词 + 名词 + 主语 + 谓语!

What a clever boy he is! (他是个)多么聪明的男孩啊!

What an interesting story it is! (这是个)多么有趣的故事啊!

What fine weather it is! 多好的天气啊!

What beautiful flowers they are! (它们是)多么漂亮的花啊!

【说明】在感叹句中,What a / an 常用来修饰单数可数名词,若其前面的形容词为元音开头,则用 an。what 是用来修饰复数可数名词和不可数名词。但有些不可数名词,如 rain, surprise, breakfast, lunch 等,当前面有形容词修饰,使抽象名词具体化时,则要用 what a / an,如:

What a heavy rain it is! 多大的一场雨啊!

What a great surprise it is! 这多么令人惊奇啊!

What a rich breakfast it is! 多么丰盛的一顿早餐啊!

【句型二】How + 形容词 / 副词 + 主语 + 谓语!

How well you look! 你气色真好!

How kind you are! 你心肠真好!

How beautifully you sing! 你唱得真好听!

Strawberries! How nice! 草莓! 多好呀!

How clever the boy is! 这个男孩多么聪明啊!

How fast he runs! 他跑得多么快啊!

【说明】how还可以修饰动词构成感叹句,但动词不提前。如:

How I want to be a doctor! 我多么想成为一名医生啊!

How she dances! 她跳得多好啊!

陈述句改为感叹句

感叹句通常有what, how引导,表示赞美、惊叹、喜悦、等感情。what修饰名词,how 修饰形容词,副词或动词,感叹句结构主要有以下几种:

How +形容词+ a +名词+其他成分!

How+形容词或副词+其他成分!

What +名词+其他成分!

What +a+形容词+名词+其他成分!

What + 形容词+复数名词+其他成分!

What + 形容词+不可数名词+其他成分!

请看以下例子:

It’s an interesting film. 这是一部有趣的电影。

→What an interesting film it is! 这是一部多有趣的电影啊!

It’s wonderful weather. 天气很好。

→What wonderful weather! 天气真好!

He did the work carefully. 他做这工作很仔细。

→How carefully he did the work! 他做这工作多仔细啊!

Time passed quickly. 时间过得很快。

→How quickly time passed! 时间过得真快!

疑问句形式的感叹句

■英语中常可用否定疑问句表示感叹句。如:

Isn’t the weather nice! 天气多么好呀!

Hasn’t she grown! 她长这么大了!

Isn’t it cold! 天气好冷啊!

Hasn’t she got lovely eyes! 她的眼睛多可爱呀!

■美国人和一些英国人在感叹句里可能用普通的(非否定)疑问句形式。如:Am I mad! 我恼火极了!

Was I furious! 我生气极了!

Boy, am I hungry! 孩子,我饿极了!

Wow, did she make a mistake! 噢,她的确犯错误了!

Have you got a surprise coming! 马上有件让你惊喜的事呀!

what类感叹句何时不用形容词

一、基本结构

由 what 引出的感叹句通常为:

What + a / an + 形容词 + 名词(单数可数) + 主语 + 谓语!

What + 形容词 + 名词(不可数) + 主语 + 谓语!

What + 形容词 + 名词(复数) + 主语 + 谓语!

例句:

What a clever boy he is! 他是多么聪明的孩子呀!

What a good heart you have! 你的心肠真好!

What an interesting book it is!这是多么有趣的书呀!

What a good time the children are having! 孩子们玩得真高兴呀!

What clever boys they are! 他们是多么聪明的孩子呀!

What beautiful flowers they are! 这些花多么漂亮呀!

What bad news it is! 这是多糟糕的消息呀!

二、有时可省去形容词

1. 当其中的名词带有形容词的意味时

What luck! 真幸运!

What fools! 真是些笨蛋!

What a surprise! 真是意想不到!

What fun we could have! 我们玩得多开心啊!

2. 当进行批评时

What nonsense! 一派胡言!

What a shame! 多可耻(惜)!

What a mess! 多么脏乱啊!

What a thing to say! 多么难听的话啊!

What a way to behave! 举止多么不文明啊!

What a time to choose! 怎么选了这么个时间!

What a way to bring up a child! 怎么用这种方法带孩子!

What a mess we have made of everything! 我们把一切事情都搞得多糟啊!

3. 当表示强调或夸张时

Oh, what a lie! 啊,多大的谎言!

What a night! 多糟糕的一个晚上!

What a crime he has committed! 他犯了多大的罪啊!

What a hero that soldier has been! 那个士兵真是个英雄!

What a mistake is to have come here! 来到这里是真是个错误!

3. 当表示蔑视时

What a man he is! 那家伙算什么!

注:有时在没有上下文,意思可能不确定。如:

What a day! 看这天气! (是褒是贬,视具体情况而定)

how在感叹句中修饰动词

感叹句有时可用“how+主语+动词”构成,此是how直接用于修饰动词。如:How I missed you. 我多么想念你啊。

How you’ve grown! 你都长这么大啦!

How you’v e changed! 你的变化真大!

How he wished for a drink! 他多希望能有点东西喝!

How things get around! Everyone must know you are in town. 消息传得多快!人们一定都知道你到城里来了。

叹句如何变为间接引语

直接引语是感叹句时,若要变作间接引语,通常用引述动词tell, exclaim等。如:

■ “What a brave boy you are!” she told him. “你是一个多么勇敢的男孩子啊!”她告诉他说。

→She told him what a brave boy he wag. 她告诉他说他是一个多么勇敢的男孩子。

■He said, “Hurrah! My friend is come.” 他说道,“乌拉!我的朋友来了。”→He exclaimed with delight that his friend had come. 他欢呼他的朋友来了。(引述动词用exclaim, 并加状语with delight)

当然,也可用其他一些引述动词。如:

■He said, “Alas! How foolish I have been!” 他说道,“哎,我多傻啊!”→He confessed with regret that he had been very foolish. 他痛悔地承认他太傻了。(引述动词用confess加状语with regret)

■“What a crime he has committed!” she said. “他犯了多大的罪啊!”她说道。

→She didn’t know what a crime he had committed. 她不知道他犯了那么大的罪。(引述动词用know的否定式)

有时也可以不用引述动词,如:

■“How fast she can run!” he says. “她竞能跑得那样快!”他说道。

→It’s incredible how fast she can run. 她跑得如此之快令人不可置信。(用

it’s incredible表示说话人的神情)

■He said to them all, “Good-bye, my friends!” 他对他们说道,“再见,我的朋友们!”

→He bade good-bye to all his friends. 他向他的所有朋友道别。(这里连间接引语也没有了)

学英语感叹句的几点特别注意

■在感叹句中,句子通常用降调:

Didn’t he do well! 难道他做得不好吗!

Isn’t it hot in here! 难道这里不热吗!

■一般疑问句用夸张声调可以用作感叹句:

Is he mad! 他疯得很哩!

Can she type! 她字打得多好啊!

Did he annoy me! 他多惹我生气哟!

■感叹句有时可用作陈述句的答语:

一He has been very successful 他干得非常成功。

一Yes, hasn’t he! 是的,非常成功!

■以as if引出的感叹句

As if care whether she’s offended! 我才不在乎她是否被冒把了呢! (=I don’t care)

As if it matters / mattered! 有什么要紧! (=it doesn’t matter)

■在感叹句only if分开使用

only if在感叹句中可以分开使用。如:

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(完整)初中英语感叹句讲解

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B: ___________________________ ⒉A: Mr Wang is a busy man. B: ___________________________ ⒊A: The cat is very happy. B: ___________________________ ⒋A: The tractor is going very slowly. B: ___________________________ ⒌A: He is very lucky. B: ___________________________ ⒍A: It is a wet day today. B: ___________________________ ⒎A: They started early. B: ___________________________ ⒏A: They waited a long time. B: ___________________________

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感叹句讲解及练习题公司内部编号:(GOOD-TMMT-MMUT-UUPTY-UUYY-DTTI-

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