高一英语阅读理解真题汇编(含答案)及解析

高一英语阅读理解真题汇编(含答案)及解析

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

United States health officials are urging people to stop using electronic cigarettes, known as e-cigarettes. The call to action came after such products were linked to health problems. Five deaths have also been reported. E-cigarettes are a popular substitute for smoking products. The electronic devices heat liquid that includes flavoring, nicotine and other chemicals into vapor—very small particles that users breathe in. Nicotine is found in many plants, including tobacco. E-cigarettes or similar devices also can provide THC or other substances to users. THC is the natural chemical present in marijuana(大麻) plants that gives users the mental state known as a "high". E-cigarettes are said to be safer than normal cigarettes because they do not create the cancer-causing byproducts of burning tobacco. Yet health officials say e-cigarette users have reported shortness of breath and other breathing problems, such as coughing and chest pain. Some have been sick to the stomach, felt very tired, suffered weight loss or developed high body temperatures. One report noted that most of the 53 illnesses reported in Illinois and Wisconsin were related to THC vaping(气化) products. But nearly 20 percent of the patients inhaled(吸入)substances like nicotine from e-cigarettes. Most of the reported cases were of young men.

The report found that, "Since no single product or substance has been associated with the illness, persons should consider not using e-cigarettes while this investigation is ongoing." Last November, The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or CDC, reported that "e-cigarette use increased considerably among U.S. middle and high school students during 2017—2018." Among high school students, it found e-cigarette use rose from 220,000 students in 2011 to 3.05 million in 2018.

On Monday, the Food and Drug Administration, or FDA gave a warning to JUUL Labs, maker of the best-selling e-cigarettes. The FDA accused the company of illegally marketing its products as being "safer than cigarettes" without the agency's approval. In a statement, the FDA's acting commissioner said that, "JUUL has ignored the law, and has made some of these statements in school to our nation's youth." A JUUL spokesman said the company is studying the FDA's comments and "will fully cooperate".

（1）Which of the following can best describe e-cigarettes?

A.Deadly.

B.Harmless.

C.Infectious.

D.Effective.

（2）What change will be caused when smokers inhale e-cigarettes containing THC?

A.They will be healthier.

B.They will lose weight.

C.They will feel excited.

D.They will be peaceful.

（3）What information about JUUL Labs can we get from the last paragraph?

A.Students became its main marketing targets.

B.FDA didn't agree on its way of promoting its products.

C.It completely denied what it was accused of.

D.E-cigarettes were invented by it.

（4）What can be the best title of the passage?

A.Say "No" to cigarettes

B.A sharp rise of e-cigarettes use among young people.

C.Safer e-cigarettes are needed for health.

D.E-cigarettes—a potential killer.

【答案】（1）A

（2）C

（3）B

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，美国卫生官员敦促人们停止使用电子烟，电子烟同人们的健康问题有关。并介绍电子烟是怎样危害人们健康的。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“United States health officials are urging people to stop using electronic cigarettes, known as e-cigarettes. The call to action came after such products were linked to health problems. Five deaths have also been reported.” 美国卫生官员敦促人们停止使用电子烟。在这些产品被发现与健康问题有关后，呼吁采取行动。另外报道有五人死亡。由此可推断，电子烟不但影响人们健康，而且有可能是致命的，故选A。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“E-cigarettes or similar devices also can provide THC or other substances to users. THC is the natural chemical present in marijuana(大麻) plants that gives users the mental state known as a ‘high’. ”电子烟或类似的设备也可以向使用者提供THC 或其他物质。THC是存在于大麻植物中的自然化学物质，给予使用者一种“high”的心理状态。这里的“high”指的是喝醉或者吸毒后的那种兴奋的状态，因此使用者吸入了含有THC 的电子烟会感到兴奋，故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“On Monday, the Food and Drug Administration, or FDA gave a warning to JUUL Labs, maker of the best-selling e-cigarettes. The FDA accused the company of illegally marketing it s products as being ‘safer than cigarettes’ without the agency's approval. ”周一，美国食品和药物管理局(FDA)向畅销电子烟的制造商JUUL Labs发出了警告。FDA指控该公司未经FDA批准，非法销售其产品，称其“比香烟更安全”。由此可知FDA不同意其销售此产品，故选B。

（4）考查主旨大意。本文主要讲述美国卫生官员敦促人们停止使用电子烟，电子烟同人们的健康问题有关并介绍电子烟是怎样危害人们健康的。中心思想强调的就是电子烟危害人们的健康。D选项E-cigarettes—a potential killer“电子烟—一个潜在的杀手”，符合本文中心思想，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

The killdeer, a small bird known for its high-pitched(声调高的)call, could lead to the cancellation(取消) of one of Canada' biggest music festivals.

The first hint of trouble for Ottawa's Bluesfest, an outdoor festival that draws around 300,000 people each year, came last week after workers at the site found one of the birds. It had laid four eggs nearby, effectively claiming the main stage area as its nesting ground. "This is one of the most challenging problems we've been presented with, but we feel we can work through this," said Mark Monahan, executive director of the festival. "Anything that changes the schedule has a major effect, so we're taking it very seriously."

The discovery meant that government officials rushed to protect the nest and the eggs, hiring a security guard to watch over them 24 hours a day.

Environmentalists were also brought in. "We don't know when the eggs might hatch," said Monahan. What is known is that the young killdeer will likely leave the nest soon after they are hatched, leading many to hope that the eggs hatch in the next day or so.

The festival is now seeking permission from Environment Canada to relocate(搬迁)the nest some 50 meters away or take it to a wildlife center. Moving the nest would also ensure the bird and its young would be protected during the festival's 11-day run, said Monahan. It's highly likely that the festival's thousands of attendees would cause huge problems for the bird and its eggs. Monahan was confident that the festival would go on as planned, however. "Most of the people we're working with are looking for a positive solution," Monahan said. "There is no one saying that the festival can't go on."

As news of the dilemma spread, it left residents divided. Some supported the bird, saying that moving the nest might result in the eggs being abandoned. Others expressed annoyance that protecting the eggs of the small bird, which is widespread across North America, was risking an annual festival that contributes millions of dollars to the local economy.

The killdeer's tendency to build its nest in open fields or flat areas has caused issues in other areas of the US: earlier this year, construction of a health center in Wisconsin was temporarily stopped after a killdeer and its four eggs were discovered.

（1）What can we learn about Bluesfest?

A.It is the first music festival in Canada.

B.It is an important event for music lovers.

C.It is a music festival held every two years.

D.It is a challenging outdoor activity in Ottawa.

（2）What was especially challenging for Bluesfest this year?

A.Pressure from the government.

B.Disagreements with the public.

C.The need to protect the bird's eggs.

D.The lack of experience in hosting the event.

（3）How did the festival plan to deal with the problem?

A.Move the nest to another place.

B.Ask government officials for help.

C.Seek advice from environmentalists.

D.Hire security guards to protect the eggs.

（4）The underlined word "dilemma" is closest in meaning to "______".

A.a difficult situation

B.an extreme situation

C.a dangerous situation

D.an encouraging situation

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）A

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，对于音乐爱好者来说，非常重大的加拿大音乐事件Bluesfest,在上周工作人员在现场发现了一只小水鸟，它在附近下了四个蛋，把主要舞台区域作为它的筑巢地，以及就主办方准备将鸟巢搬离此处引发了人们讨论。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“The first hint of trouble for Ottawa's Bluesfest, an outdoor festival that draws around 300,000 people each year, came last week after workers at the site found one of the birds.”可知渥太华的Bluesfest,是一个每年吸引约30万人参加的户外节日。因此Bluesfest,对音乐爱好者来说是一个重要的事件。故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“It had laid four eggs nearby, effectively claiming the main stage area as its nesting ground. ”小水鸟在舞台附近下了4个蛋；和第四段中的“‘This is one of the most challenging problems we've been presented with, but we feel we can work through this,’ said Mark Monahan, executive director of the festival.”音乐节执行总监说：“这是我们面临的最具挑战性的问题之一，我觉得我们可以解决这个问题”。得知保护鸟蛋是今年Bluesfest面临挑战的事情。故选C。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“The festival is now seeking permission from Environment Canada to relocate(搬迁)the nest some 50 meters away or take it to a wildlife center.”可知现在该节日正在寻求加拿大环境部的许可，将鸟巢迁移到50米外，或带到野生动物中心，可以得知为了解决这个问题，节日筹备方打算把鸟巢搬到另一个地方。故选A。

（4）考查词义猜测。根据第五段中的“Moving the nest would also ensure the bird and its young would be protected during the festival's 11-day run, said Monahan. It's highly likely that the festival's thousands of attendees would cause huge problems for the bird and its eggs.”可知Monahan说，为期11天的节日活动中，移动鸟巢能确保鸟儿和其幼鸟得到保护。但是极有可能，成千上万的参与者会给这只鸟和它的蛋带来巨大的问题。可以推断出当时的处境困难，故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

England continues to be one of the most popular tourist destinations in the world. London in

particular is one of the most visited cities and draws people in with its appeal, history and pubs. England's smaller cities, like Bath and Oxford, are equally as attractive with a lot of culture and fewer crowds. Liverpool, birthplace of The Beatles, has a rich musical history. The countryside has wonderful natural beauty. Here are some tips on traveling in England.

Free museums—Public museums offer free admission in every city throughout England and the UK. It's a great way to learn about the country's most influential artists and history, and spend a rainy day without paying a cent.

Book early—Book all transportation well in advance, even if you don't plan to use it. Fares can be around ￡ 2 with a little planning. The Megabus not only runs buses but also provides trains throughout England and is the best choice for cheap travel throughout the country.

Pub food—Eating in England can be quite expensive, but for good cheap and filling meals, visit the local pubs, where you cam get a good meal for less than ￡10. Besides, the pubs are a great way to meet people!

Get a Taste of UK card—The taste of the UK card offers up to 50% off at selected restaurant. You don't need to be an English to get the card, and you needn't pay the first month's membership fee, which is perfect for most travelers.

Take a free walking tour—Many major cities in England offer free walking tours. They usually last a few hours and are a great way to see the city.

（1）Compared with London, Oxford is ________.

A. more charming

B. less crowded

C. larger in size

D. richer in history （2）Why are visitors advised to eat in local pubs?

A. The food there is sold at a low price.

B. It is likely to meet famous stars there.

C. The service provided there is excellent.

D. There is a friendly but quiet atmosphere there.（3）What do we know from the text?

A. All museums in the UK are free of charge.

B. The best way to travel around England is by bus.

C. Free walking tours are available in most big cities in England.

D. The taste of UK card holders can enjoy discounts at all restaurants.

【答案】（1）B

（2）A

（3）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，就英国旅行作者提出了一些建议。

(1)考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“England's smaller cities, like Bath and Oxford, are equally as attractive with a lot of culture and fewer crowds.”可知，跟London相比较，Oxford没那么拥挤。故选B。

(2)考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“but for good cheap and filling meals, visit the local pubs, where you cam get a good meal for less than ￡10.”可知，之所以建议游客到当地的酒吧去吃饭，是因为那里的食物价格便宜。故选A。

(3)考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Take a free walking tour—Many major cities in England offer free walking tours.”可知，英国大多数大城市都有免费的步行旅游。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节

信息，结合题目要求，选出正确答案。

4．阅读理解

Just a few years out of law school, I decided that I wanted to write fictions. The only thing I had ever published before was a law-review article. I had made great efforts to write when I came home at night after work, but I was too tired. I decided to quit my job.

I began my new life on a February morning. I sat down at my kitchen table at 7:30 am and made a resolution. Every day I would write until lunchtime. Then I would lie down on the floor for 20 minutes to rest my mind. After that, I would return to work for a few more hours.

In my first year, I sold two stories. Then I wrote a novel, but I thought it wasn't good enough, so I ended up putting it in a drawer. My second novel, Billy Lynn's Long Halftime Walk, was published to glowing reviews and received the National Book Critics Circle Award for fiction.

My success sounds like a familiar story, but actually it was far from sudden. I quit my job, and for every story I published in those years, I had at least 30 rejections. The novel that I put away in the drawer took my four years. My breakthrough came in 2006, 18 years after I first sat down to write at my kitchen table.

Sometimes genius (天才) is just the thing that comes out after 20 years of working at your kitchen. Also, doing something truly creative requires the energy of youth. Orson Welles made his masterpiece, Citizen Kan, at 25. T. S. Eliot wrote The Love Song of J. Afred Prufrock at 23.

（1）When did the author decide to devote himself to writing fictions?

A. When he was tired from his work.

B. Straight after graduation from law school.

C. On being informed his law-review article came out.

D. When his hobby was disturbed by his work.

（2）We can infer from the second paragraph that the author .

A. led a wealthy life

B. arranged his life reasonably

C. was too diligent to relax himself

D. remained single

（3）What does the author mainly intend to tell us in this passage?

A. Failure is the mother of success.

B. A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.

C. It is never too old to learn.

D. It is the first step that costs troublesome.

（4）Why did the author give the example of Orson Welles and T. S. Eliot?

A. To make a comparison between them and himself.

B. To show creativity needs energy and efforts.

C. To persuade the readers of their great talents.

D. To recommend their two masterpieces.【答案】（1）D

（2）B

（3）A

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者通过讲述自己成功的经历，进一步证实了“失败是成功之母”的道理。

(1)考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“I had made great efforts to write when I came home at

night after work, but I was too tired. I decided to quit my job.”可知，当他的爱好被他的工作打扰时，作者决定投身于写作小说。故选D。

(2)考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“I began my new life on a February morning. I sat down at my kitchen table at 7:30 am and made a resolution. Every day I would write until lunchtime. Then I would lie down on the floor for 20 minutes to rest my mind. After that, I would return to work for a few more hours.”可知，我们可以从第二段推断出作者合理安排了他的生活。故选B。

(3)考查目的意图。根据第四段中的“My success sounds like a familiar story, but a ctually it was far from sudden. I quit my job, and for every story I published in those years, I had at least 30 rejections. The novel that I put away in the drawer took my four years. My breakthrough came in 2006, 18 years after I first sat down to write at my kitchen table.”可推知，失败是成功之母。故选A。

(4)考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Sometimes genius (天才) is just the thing that comes out after 20 years of working at your kitchen. Also, doing something truly creative requires the energy of youth. Orson Welles made his masterpiece, Citizen Kan, at 25. T. S. Eliot wrote The Love Song of J. Afred Prufrock at 23.”可知，作者引用Orson Welles and T. S. Eliot的例子是为了要表现出创造力需要能量和努力。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和目的意图三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确掌握捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，选出正确答案。

5．阅读理解

Amazon Best Sellers: Best Books

A Higher Loyalty: Truth, Lies, and Leadership-April 17, 2018by James Comey

In his book, former FBI director James Comey shares his never-before-told experiences from some of the highest-risk situations of his career in the past two decades of American government, exploring what good, ethical（道德的）leadership looks like, and how it drives sound decisions. His journey provides an entry into the corridors of power, and a remarkable lesson in what makes an effective leader.

Hardcover $17.99

12 Rules for Life: An Antidote to Chaos- January 23, 2018 by Jordan B. Peterson

What does everyone in the modern world need to know? Famous psychologist Jordan B. Peterson's answer to this most difficult of questions uniquely combines the hard-won truths of ancient tradition with the great findings of most-advanced scientific research.

Hardcover $15.57

How to Read a Book: The Classic Guide to Intelligent Reading Revised Edition by Mortimer J. Adler, Charles Van Doren

With half a million copies in print, How to Read a Book is the best and most successful guide to reading comprehension for the general reader, completely rewritten and updated with new material. Originally published in 1940, this book is a rare phenomenon, a living classic that introduces and clarifies the various levels of reading and how to achieve them-from elementary reading, through systematic skimming and inspectional reading, to speed reading.

Paperback $10.31

Everybody, Always: Becoming Love in a World Full of Setbacks and Difficult People- April 17, 2018 by Bob Goff

Paperback $10.19

What happens when we stop avoiding difficult people and simply love everyone? In his wildly entertaining and inspiring follow-up to the New York Times bestselling phenomenon Love Does, Bob Goff takes readers on a life-altering journey into the secret of living without fear, care, restriction, or worry.

（1）If you want to become an effective leader, you can try ________.

A. How to Read a Book

B. Everybody, Always

C. 12 Rules for Life

D. A Higher Loyalty （2）What do we know about How to Read a Book?

A. It is written by Mortimer J. Adler.

B. It is completely the same as the original one.

C. It has been published since 1940.

D. There are many other books similar to it.

（3）We can learn from the passage that ________.

A. All the four books are paperbacks.

B. Paperbacks are cheaper than hardbacks.

C. Jordan

D. Peterson is the former FBI director.

【答案】（1）D

（2）C

（3）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了亚马逊最畅销的几种书。

(1)考查细节理解。根据A Higher Loyalty: Truth, Lies, and Leadership-April 17, 2018 by James Comey部分中的“His journey provides an entry into the corridors of power, and a remarkable lesson in what makes an effective leader.”可知如果你想要成为一个有效的领导，你可以尝试

A Higher Loyalty，故选D。

(2)考查细节理解。根据How to Read a Book: The Classic Guide to Intelligent Reading Revised Edition by Mortimer J. Adler, Charles Van Doren部分中的“Originally published in 1940”可知How to Read a Book最初于1940年出版，故选C。

(3考查)常识理解。平装本比精装本价格要便宜，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和常识理解两个题型的考查，是一篇广告类阅读，要求考生朱雀掌握细节信息，结合题目要求，选出正确答案。

6．阅读理解

Mrs. Jones was my first patient when I started medical school—and I owe her a lot.

She was under my care for the first two years of my medical training, yet I knew very little about her, except that she was thin, perhaps in her mid 70s. It might seem rather negligent not to know the basic facts of my patient ,but I had a valid reason—Mrs. Jones was dead, and had been dead for about three years before I made a patient of her. Mrs. Jones was the dead body that I dissected（解剖）over the first two years of my medical training.

Of course, her name wasn't really Mrs. Jones, but it seemed a little impolite to be conducting

research into someone's body without even knowing its name, so out of courtesy, I thought she should have one. “Me and Mrs. Jones, we've got a thing going on,” went the song coming out of the radio as I unzipped the bag of her on my first day — and so she was christened.

As the months passed, I soon forgot that Mrs. Jones had, in fact, once been alive. One day, though, she suddenly became very human again. I'd been dissecting Mrs. Jones a good 18 months before I got around to the uterus（子宫）. After I'd removed it, the professor came up to me, “If you look at the opening carefully, you'll see that the angle indicates that this woman has had several children, probably three.” I stared at it, and I suddenly felt very strange. This woman, who had given me something incredibly precious that I'd begun to take for granted, wasn't a dead body. She was a person, a mother, in fact.

At my graduation, the same professor came over to congratulate me. I explained the story about Mrs. Jones to him, and recalled what he'd told me about her having children and how that had affected me all those years ago.

“Well,” he said, “at the beginning of your training you had a dead body and managed to turn it into a person. Now you're a doctor, the trick is to have a person and not turn them into a dead body,” and he laughed, shook my hand and walked away.

（1）Why didn't the author know much about Mrs. Jones?

A. Because he was irresponsible for his patients.

B. Because he wasn't allowed to ask for her privacy.

C. Because he didn't know her until she passed away.

D. Because he was too careless while dissecting her.

（2）How did Mrs. Jones get her name?

A. It was passed down from the seniors of my school.

B. It came from a song being played when we first met.

C. She was named after a well-known singer I liked best

D. It just occurred to me when I opened the bag of her.

（3）What could be the author's feeling for Mrs. Jones now?

A. Grateful.

B. Pitiless.

C. Hateful.

D. Guilty.

（4）What did the professor imply by his words in the last paragraph?

A. Medical students are able to bring the dead back to life.

B. Being a doctor has nothing to do with the medical training.

C. Good doctors never fail to save their patients from dying.

D. Medical staff ought to have respect for life and humanity.

【答案】（1）C

（2）B

（3）A

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了和琼斯夫人之间的故事，说明了医务人员应该尊敬生命和人道。

(1)考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“It might seem rather negligent not to know the basic facts of my patient ,but I had a valid reason—Mrs. Jones was dead, and had been dead for about three

years before I made a patient of her.”可知琼斯夫人在去世后，把遗体捐给了医学院，所以在她去世之前，作者并不认识她，故选C。

(2)考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“‘Me and Mrs. Jones, we've got a thing going on,’ went the song coming out of the radio as I unzipped the bag of her on my first day —and so she was christened.”可知当我们第一次见面的时候，收音机里正在播放一首歌《我和琼斯夫人》，她就这样被命名了，故选B。

(3)考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Mrs. Jones was my first patient when I started medical school—and I owe her a lot.”可知现在，我对琼斯夫人充满感激，故选A。

(4)考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“he said, ‘at the b eginning of your training you had a dead body and managed to turn it into a person. Now you're a doctor, the trick is to have a person and not turn them into a dead body,’ and he laughed, shook my hand and walked away.”可知教授说得这段话的意思是：“在你刚开始训练解剖尸体的时候，你要设法把尸体变成一个人。现在，你成为一名医生了，窍门就是不要把人变成尸体。”这名教授说得这些话暗含的意思是医务人员应该尊敬生命和人道，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，选出正确答案。

7．阅读理解

When we think of a generation gap we usually think of conflicting tastes in music, or pastimes. But now the generation gap is handwriting. After one teacher in Tennessee discovered that she had students who couldn't read the assignments she was writing on the board, she posted it on the Internet saying handwriting should be taught in schools.

Opponents claim that handwriting has become out of time in our modern world. Typed words have become a primary form of communication. Once a practical kill handwriting is no longer used by the vast majority of Americans. It is no longer taught in schools, and some claim that the time that it would take to teach it could be put to better use, for instance, by teaching the technical skills.

But even in today's world there are still plenty of reasons to pick up a pen and apply it to paper. Many American institutions still require original signatures, for instance, signing for a registered letter and buying a house. And original signatures are much more difficult to forge(伪造) than their digital counterparts. There is also strong evidence that writing by hand is good for the mind. It activates a different part of the brain, and improves fine moving skills in young children. People also tend to remember what they write by hand more than what they type, and the process of writing by hand has been shown to stimulate ideas. Besides, studies have shown that kids who write by hand learn to read and spell earlier than those who don't. Not to mention, handwriting is pleasing, as is evidenced by the fact that no one has ever typed a love letter. And handwriting remains popular as an art form.

Yes, we live in a modern world, but we live in a modern world that is based on fundamental values.

（1）What did the teacher find in her class?

A. Her students had a big generation gap with her.

B. Her handwriting was too terrible to understand.

C. Some students could not recognize her handwriting on the blackboard.

D. Some students handwriting on the blackboard was too difficult to tell.

（2）Why do some people agree to teach handwriting in school?

A. Handwriting is easy to remember.

B. Handwriting is beneficial to the brain.

C. Handwriting can help one buy a house.

D. Handwriting is an art form out of time.

（3）What can we infer from the passage?

A. Handwriting is widely used in America.

B. What people write by hand is not easy to recognize.

C. Handwriting is emphasized in our modern society.

D. Those with good handwriting may perform better in their studies.

（4）What is the author's attitude towards teaching handwriting in school?

A. Opposed.

B. Objective.

C. Unconcerned.

D. Favorable.

【答案】（1）C

（2）B

（3）D

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，论述了现代社会手写被逐渐忽视，手写的益处和优点，支持学校教书写的社会现象。

(1)考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“After one teacher in Tennessee discovered that she had students who couldn't read the assignments she was writing on the board, she posted it on the Internet saying handwriting should be taught in schools.”可知田纳西的一位老师发现她的一些学生读不出写在黑板的作业，所以选C。

(2)考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“There is also strong evidence that writing by hand is good for the mind. It activates a different part of the brain, and improves fine moving skills in young children.”可知手写对大脑有益。故选B。

(3)考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“And original signatures are much more difficult to forge(伪造) than their digital counterparts.”可知原始笔迹更难伪造，可知人们手写出来的不易伪造，所以选D。

(4)考查观点态度。根据作者在第二段第三段陈述的书写有很多好处，可知作者支持在学校教书写，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和观点态度三个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。

8．阅读理解

I stood in a noisy group of sixth grade students, waiting for the answer to our burning question:

What type of crazy tie would Mr. Miller be wearing today?

Our teacher walked around the comer with a GREEN ELEPHANT TIE that matched his large elephant coffee cup! Oh, the satisfaction in our young hearts—a green elephant tie!

With his glasses at the tip of his nose, he greeted us cheerfully, “Good morning, folks!” He was strange and unique and he brightened every day for us. He was the most dynamic teacher I had ever met.

I loved music, so I remember how excited I was when he said he was going to give us music lessons. But when he turned on the music, my classmates and I slowly turned our heads toward the sound o f… Feter Paul and Mary singing “If I Had a Hammer”.

Snickers（窃笑）filled the room. If it wasn't rap or hip hop, we didn't recognize it. What were these people singing about? My classmates were not into this at all. But for me, a girl of 12, it was a discovery. An awakening.

Twenty years passed and now there are forty little eyes staring at my wild musical-note shirts as I greet them with a joyful, “Good morning, class!” I wonder if my students wait and wonder what crazy music clothes I will wear each day.

I glance at my 2015 Teacher of the Year Award, which I received for being a dynamic teacher And I smile to myself, wondering which child in front of me will carry this on－as I've carried on the legacy（遗产）of Mr. Miller.

One teacher, who dared to be different and open new worlds to kids like me, threw the significant stone into the pond of my life. I pray the ripples（涟漪）never end.

（1）What can we infer about Mr. Miller?

A. He was an animal protector.

B. He didn't take his work seriously.

C. He often dressed up in an unusual way.

D. He often asked his students burning questions.（2）How did the author react to the song “If I Had a Hammer”?

A. Puzzled.

B. Disappointed.

C. Uninterested.

D. Excited.

（3）What does the underlined word “this” in the text refer to?

A. A kind heart.

B. The smile.

C. A gift for music.

D. The love for teaching.（4）What is the author's purpose in writing this text?

A. To prove her love for music.

B. To show a teacher's effect on her.

C. To call on students to take up teaching.

D. To share her experience in music learning.

【答案】（1）C

（2）D

（3）D

（4）B

【解析】【分析】文章通过自己的经历讲述了老师对自己的影响。

（1）推理判断题。根据文章第二段可知作者的老师系了个绿色的大象领结来搭配他的大象咖啡杯，再根据第三段He was strange and unique and he brightened every day for us. He was the most dynamic teacher I had ever met.可以推断出他经常打扮地与众不同。故答案为C。（2）细节理解题。根据第四段I loved music, so I remember how excited I was when he said he was going to give us music lessons.可知，作者很兴奋。故答案为D。

（3）词义猜测题。根据文章倒数第二段I glance at my 2015 Teacher of the Year Award, which I received for being a dynamic teacher And I smile to myself, wondering which child in front of me will carry this on—as I've carried on the legacy (遗产) of Mr. Miller.可知，作者想知道哪位学生能像自己一样把老师对自己的影响---对教学的热爱继续下去。故答案为D。

（4）写作意图。文章前几段介绍了作者的老师对自己的影响，6，7，8段讲到自己作为老师也希望呢个向老师一样自己能对学生产生影响。所以，文章的写作意图是为了表明老师对自己的影响。故答案为B。

【点评】写作意图、目的、态度推断题

作者的语气态度往往不会直接写在文章里，只能通过细读文章，从作者的选词及其修饰手段中体会出来。主要命题为：1）询问写作目的的题， 2）询问语气态度的题。

9．阅读理解

Watching wooden dolls come to life may not be one of the most popular forms of entertainment today, but with over twenty years' experience, talented puppeteer (木偶表演者) Peter Roberts has earned himself the title “master puppeteer” because of his great ability to turn puppets into believable, almost living characters. “People are quite often surprised to hear what I do for living and have little appreciation of puppy as a form of entertainment. But while the exact origins of puppet theatre are unknown, it has been popular in many cultures and may have been the very first kind of theatre,” he explains.

Roberts' shows are highly original. “A puppet show can involve anything from clowning(傻逗) to storytelling,” he says, Equally diverse are the audiences he performs for. “Some are attracted by the puppets themselves, while others enjoy the dialogue.” Roberts believes that this form of entertainment can be appreciated by people of all ages and cultures.

Roberts' interest in puppets started when he received some beautiful glove puppets one Christmas. He started putting on shows with these for family and friends and then moved on to handmade Chinese string puppets. Learning mostly from books and personal experience, he explains, “I was already spending most of my free time carving puppets and putting on shows, so I hardly noticed the change from students to full-time professional puppeteer.”

The puppets are designed specifically for each show, which is extremely time consuming. According to Roberts, “Sometimes what you expect and what you actually create in the end are two very different things. I've made some of my best puppets 'accidentally'.”

When most people hear the word “puppetry”, they more than likely think of a way of keeping children entertained at birthday parties. Certainly the subject matter will be expected to be light-hearted rather than serious. However, Roberts wants to point out that puppets come serious messages sometimes.” he says.

（1）What do we know about puppetry in the first paragraph?

A. It is a most popular form of entertainment.

B. It cannot give people pleasure any more.

C. It was first brought to life by Peter Roberts.

D. Its value as an art form is not fully recognized.

（2）In Roberts' eyes, his puppet shows .

A. usually attract people full of humor

B. are most something for old aged audience

C. display something meaningful for different people

D. involve hard work and great intelligence

（3）Roberts developed an interest in puppets because of .

A. the puppet show books

B. his university major

C. a Christmas gift

D. some Chinese string puppets

（4）What does Roberts want people to think of puppet theatre?

A. It is just a kind of entertainment for kids.

B. It can be educational as well as entertaining.

C. It is only a kind of serious art form.

D. It should be kept light-hearted.

【答案】（1）D

（2）C

（3）B

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文为夹叙夹议。本文讲述了虽然木偶表演栩栩如生，但已不是当今一种最流行的娱乐形式。享用盛名的木偶大师罗伯特却让自己的木偶表演极具独创性。他让木偶表演不仅具有观赏性也有一定的教育意义。

（2）细节理解题。根据第一段“People are quite oft en surprised to hear what I do for living and have little appreciation of puppy as a form of entertainment”可知，人们很少把木偶表演看作是一种娱乐形式来欣赏。分析选项可知D项（它作为一种艺术形式没有被充分认可）符合题意，故答案选D项。

（3）推理判断题。第二段内容说罗伯特的木偶戏涉及任何东西，从扮小丑逗乐到到讲故事，”他给各种各样不同的观众表演。“有些人被木偶本身吸引，而另一些人喜欢木偶表演中的对话。”罗伯特认为这种形式的娱乐可以被各个年龄段和文化的人所欣赏。由此可判断，罗伯特的木偶戏为不同的人展示一些有意义的东西。分析选项可知C项符合题意，故答案选C项。

（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句“Certainly the subject matter will be expected to be light-hearted rather than serious. However, Roberts wants to point out that puppets come serious messages sometimes.”木偶表演的主题更多的是轻松愉快的而不是严肃的。然而，罗伯特指出木偶表演有时也传递一些严肃的东西。由此可推断出，木偶表演既是一种娱乐也有一定的教育性。故答案选B。

（4）此题属于细节理解中的一一对应型。答案与题目在表达形式和意义上直接吻合，一一对应，一目了然。根据第三段第一句“Roberts' interest in puppets started when he received some beautiful glove puppets one Christmas.” 罗伯特对木偶的兴趣始于圣诞节时他收到了一些漂亮的手套木偶。故选C。

【点评】夹叙夹议阅读理解：（1）先叙述自己的某一个生活经历或见闻，然后真对这一事件发表自己对生活的看法，或揭示生活的真理。（2）作者先提出一种观点或看法。然后围绕这一观点或看法用具体的事例加以说明，有时也可能用几个事例从不同的侧面来说明。（3）提出一种观点或见解，然后用某一事例来阐述这一观点，最后再进一步的总结和升华。抓住作者要说明的观点或要阐述的生活哲理是做好这一类型题目的关键，而作者叙述所发生的事件或生活经历只是为表达其思想服务的。

10．阅读理解

Delhi has been the centre of a succession of mighty empires and powerful kingdoms in India. Numerous ruins scattered throughout the territory offer a constant reminder of the area's history, which makes the city always be a fascinating place for tourists.

With the development of the city and more and more people moving, the city has expanded several times in size. That is why it is called New Delhi. New Delhi, a city with a population of over 20 million people, has its newest problem: never before has this city met with the worst air problem.

Air pollution in Indians capital surged to its worst levels in years, covering the city in a thick smog that has become an annual public-health emergency despite government vows to solve the problem.

Hundreds of flights were diverted, delayed and canceled over the weekend due to poor visibility, schools and offices were closed Monday and officials rushed to take emergency measures to try to reverse the eroding air quality. Millions of antipollution masks were distributed at schools, colleges, hospitals and markets.

New Delhi, is engulfed each year as the weather cools and a thick haze builds up from the pollutants emitted from cars and coal-based power plants, swirling dust from construction sites and roads and smoke from crop stubble burning in neighboring states. Fireworks and firecrackers to celebrate the Hindu festival of Diwali then arrives, leaving Delhi the world's most polluted city. The city's air quality index, which measures a mix of dangerous pollutants, registered an average score of 494 Sunday. That is the highest 24-hour average since Nov. 6, 2016, when it hit 497, according to data measured by the Central Pollution Control Board.

（1）Which of the following is NOT true?

A.Diwali is one of the most important festivals in India.

B.The government did little to protect its citizens against the serious pollution.

C.Such a serious air pollution in New Delhi appears on a regular basis.

D.The index of the recent air pollution is not the worst in the history.

（2）Who may not complain about the serious air pollution?

A.The parents whose children have to stay at home.

B.The pilots whose planes have been diverted or delayed.

C.The manufacturers who produce antipollution masks.

D.The officials who have to work out of their offices.

（3）Which of the following phrases can replace the underlined word in paragraph 5?

A.Sent out.

B.Sent up.

C.Sent in.

D.Sent on.

（4）The title of the passage should be .

A.Problems Caused by the Development of New Delhi

B.Dangerous Pollution Envelops New Delhi

C.Antipollution Masks Are in Great Need in New Delhi

D.Farmers in the Neighboring States are to Blame for Burning Crop Stubble

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）A

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，随着城市的发展和越来越多的人口流动，城市规模的扩大，印度的新德里成为世界上污染最严重的城市。虽然政府发誓解决污染问题，但由于污染严重，整个新德里处于危险的污染中，人们必须戴防污口罩，冬天天气寒冷污染物成雾霾，成为世界是污染最严重的城市。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第三段“Air pollution in Indians capital surged to its worst levels in years, covering the city in a thick smog that has become an annual public-health emergency despite government vows to solve the problem.”印度首都的空气污染飙升至多年来最严重的水平，笼罩着这座城市的浓雾已成为年度公共卫生紧急事件，尽管政府誓言要解决这个问题；第五段“New Delhi, is engulfed each year as the weather cools and a thick haze builds up from the pollutants emitted from cars and coal-based power plants, swirling dust ..., leaving Delhi the world's most polluted city.” 新德里每年都会被污染吞没，随着天气变冷，汽车和以煤为基础的发电厂排放的污染物、建筑工地和道路上飘动的灰尘，以及邻国农作物秸秆燃烧产生的烟雾，都会形成浓雾。庆祝印度排灯节的烟花爆竹随后到达，使德里现在成为世界上污染最严重的城市；以及第四段中的“Millions of antipollut ion masks were distributed at schools, colleges, hospitals and markets.” 在学校、学院、医院和市场上分发了数以百万计的防污口罩。可知，政府尽管发誓解决这种污染，但情况不仅没有改变，反而更加严重，使得人们必须佩戴防毒口罩。由此可判断出政府几乎没有保护其公民免受严重污染。故选B。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第四段“Hundreds of flights were diverted, delayed and canceled over the weekend due to poor visibility, schools and offices were closed Monday and officials rushed to take emergency measures to try to reverse the eroding air quality. Millions of antipollution masks were distributed at schools, colleges, hospitals and markets.” 周末期间，由于能见度低，数百架航班被迫改道、延误和取消，学校和办公室周一关闭，官员们紧急采取措施，试图扭转不断恶化的空气质量。学校、大学、医院和市场分发了数百万个防污染口罩。由此可知，由于污染严重，学校、大学、医院和市场分发了数百万个防污染口罩。所以生产防污染口罩的厂家要加大生产，是不会抱怨的，故选C。

（3）考查词义猜测。根据第五段中的“New Delhi, is engulfed each year as the weather cools and a thick haze builds up from the pollutants emitted from cars and coal-based power plants, swirling dust from construction sites and roads and smoke from crop stubble burning in neighboring states.”本句是说新德里每年都笼罩在污染中。因为天气变冷，从汽车和以煤为基础的发电厂“emitted”的污染物形成了厚厚的雾霾。根据常识可知，汽车和用煤发电的发电厂会“排放或释放”污染物的。由此可判断“emitted”是排放的意思。故选A。

（4）考查主旨大意。本文叙述了随着城市的发展和越来越多的人口流动，城市规模的扩大，印度的新德里成为世界上污染最严重的城市。虽然政府发誓解决污染问题，但周末的能见度低，数百架航班在周末改道、延误和取消，学校和办公室周一关闭，人们必须戴防

污口罩，可知，新德里被严重的污染所笼罩。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是环保类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

高一英语阅读理解(广告类)

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完整版高一英语阅读理解专项练习

记叙文类作者：巩穹 （I）★★ Elizabeth Blackwell was born in England in 1821, and moved to New York City when she was ten years old. One day she decided that she wanted to become a doctor. That was nearly impossible for a woman in the middle of the nineteenth century. After writing many letters asking for admission(录取) to medical schools, she was finally accepted by a doctor in Philadelphia. She was so determined that she taught school and gave music lessons to get money for the cost of schooling. In 1849, after graduation from medical school. she decided to further her education in Paris. She wanted to be a surgeon(外科医师) , but a serious eye problem forced her to give up the idea. Upon returning to the United States, she found it difficult to start her own practice because she was a woman. By 1857 Elizabeth and her sister, also a doctor, along with another woman doctor, managed to open a new hospital, the first for women and children Besides being the first woman physician and founding her own hospital , she also set up the first medical school for women. 1. Why couldn't Elizabeth Blackwell realize her dream of becoming a surgeon? A. She couldn't get admitted to medical school B. She decided to further her education in Paris C. A serious eye problem stopped her D. It was difficult for her to start a practice in the United States 2. What main obstacle(障碍) almost destroyed Elizabeth's chances for becoming for a doctor? A. She was a woman. B. She wrote too many letters. C. She couldn't graduate from medical school. D. She couldn't set up her hospital. 3. How many years passed between her graduation from medical school and the opening of her hospital? A. Eight years B. Ten years C. Nineteen years D. Thirty-six years 4. According to the passage, all of the following are “firsts”in the life of Elizabeth Blacekwell except that she ______. A. became the first woman physician B. was the first woman doctor C. and several other women founded the first hospital for women and children D. set up the first medical school for women 5. Eilzabeth Blackwell spent most of her lift in _______. A. England B. Paris C. the United States D. New York City 1-5 CAABC （II）★★★ Europe is now the biggest market for organic food in the world, having grown by 25 percent a year over the past 10 years. Denmark's agriculture minister is herself an organic farmer.

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who Xing Tao, NBA,” said 12-year-old the after weeks ago school team two joined his game, NBA a Ming in televised watching Yao “The players will all be Chinese, like Yao.”superstar home-grown Yao is a To China,

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