汉译英的翻译单位问题

外贸函电翻译教材

英译汉（二） To familiarize ourselves with your products we need some technical details .Please send us literatures, brochures, or leaflets dealing with your products. 1、We are enclosing a catalog showing a brand new addition to our line, Model E331. 2、We hope the enclosed brochures will be helpful to you. 3、We send you a brochure on various kinds of bicycle now available for export. 4、Will you please let us have a list of items that are imported by you? 5、Will you please send me a copy of your catalogue and pricelist of desktop computer and copies of any descriptive leaflets that I could pass to prospective customers? 6、Many thanks for your letter dated September 6; we have enclosed the current brochure from which you may have a better understanding of our new products. 7、Thanks for your enquiry dated may 18,we are now sending you our latest pricelist for your reference. 8、Our quotation is subject to change without notice. 9、There is a big demand for Chinese microwave ovens; we shall appreciate your quoting us competitive prices for models available now. 汉译英 1、We highly appreciate your immediate reply to our enquiry Note no.2436 regarding hard drives. 2、Several of my customers have recently expressed interest in your waterproof garments and enquired about their quality. We should be glad if you could send us samples and quotations. 3、The attached bulletin will give you complete information on vacuum cleaners. 4、There is likely to be enquiry or orders for men’s shirts, thereof, please send us quotations and samples in advance. 5、There is a technical question, which I will have to refer to our technical department. 6、We are expecting to receive your earliest reply to this enquiry. 7、We have an enquiry for silicon carbide and would like to ask you to send us an offer for 1000 metric tons for shipment during September. 8、We have received an enquiry for men’s shirt and request you to send us your offer not later than the end of this month.. 9、We have recently received many inquires from retailing shops in New York area about the captioned items and are sure that there would be very brisk demands. We shall appreciate your quote us your most competitive prices on a CIF New York basis for the following. 汉译英（三） 1、Because of the rapid development of our business in Asia, We think it’s necessary to open branches at the following addresses. 2、Congratulations on your newly-opened business in Atlanta. We hope it will mark the beginning of our close cooperation in the years to come. 3、In the course of negotiation we have come to a much better understanding of each other, which bears a lot for our future business. 4、It is our sincere wish that we will have the privilege of serving you. 5、It will be advantageous if steps are taken to resume our business relationship on the basis of mutual benefit. 6、Thank you for your manner of business cooperation.

汉译英在线翻译句子

[标签:标题] 篇一：2015汉译英句子翻译(包括参考译文) 2015年汉译英综合练习 1. 她就是这样风里来，雨里去，成年累月地工作着。 This is how she carries on her work, rain or shine, all the year round. 2. 西湖如明镜，千峰凝翠，洞壑幽深，风光奇丽。 The West Lake is like a mirror, embellished all around with emerald hills and deep caves of enchanting beauty. 3. 但我就是这个脾气，虽然几经努力，却未能改变过来。 But it’s the way I am, and try as I might, I haven’t been able to change it. 4. 一踏上中华人民共和国国土，我们就随时随地地受到关怀和照顾。 From the moment we stepped into the People’s Republic of China, care and kindness surrounded us on every side. 5. 袭人道：“一百年还记得呢！比不得你，拿着我的话当耳边风，夜里说了，早起就忘了。”“I’ll remember it if I live to be a hundred!”said Aroma. “I am not like you, letting what I say go in at one ear and out at the other forgetting what’s said at night by the next morning.” 6. 要制造飞机，就必须仔细考虑空气阻力问题。 Air resistance must be given careful consideration when the aircraft is to be made. 7. 为什么总把这些麻烦事推给我呢？ Why should all the unpleasant jobs be pushed onto me? 8. 只有在我过于劳累，在我长时间无间断地工作，在我感到内心空虚，需要补充精神营养 的时候，我才感到寂寞。 I am lonely when I am overtired, when I have worked too long without a break, when for the time being I feel empty and need filling up. 9. 中国成功地爆炸了第一颗原子弹，在全世界引起了巨大的反响。 The successful explosion of the first atomic bomb in China caused great repercussions all over the world. 10. 我们应该实行国民经济信息化和科研成果产业化。 We should build an information-based national economy and apply scientific research achievements to industrial production. 11. 你说的倒轻巧，你也给我捧个奖杯回来。 You talk as if it were very simple. Why not try yourself and see if you can bring back a trophy, too? 12. 中国应该用实践向世界表明，中国反对霸权主义、强权政治、永不称霸。 China should show the world through actions that she is opposed to hegemonism and power politics and will never seek hegemony. 13. 中国明朝的著名旅行家徐霞客一生周游考察了16个省，足迹几乎遍布全国。 Xu Xiake, a great traveler in China’s Ming Dynasty, visited 16 provinces in his lifetime, leaving his footprints in nearly every corner of the country. 14. 阿Q将衣服摔在地上，吐一口唾沫，说：“这毛虫”！ Ah Q flung his jacket on the ground, spat, and swore, “Hairy worm!”

英语汉译英翻译

Unit 1 1.餐饮行业与电影行业的共同之处在于其小型企业的失败率很高。 The restaurant industry has one thing in common with the film industry: the high failure rate among its small business. 2.他的伟大在于他具有非凡的能力，集科学家和实业家的品质于一身。 His greatness lies in his outstanding ability to connect the qualities of a scientist with those of an industrialist. 3.像工作单位取代居住地一样，我们的种族身份已被职业身份所取代。这一现象在流动作业的行业中表现得尤为明显。 We have replaced ethnic identity with professional identity, the way we replaced neighborhoods with workplace, which is quite obvious among the mobile professions. 4.显然，任何一家大公司的老板都不可能事事亲力亲为，需要找一些方法把他们的理念传达给他人。 Plainly, in any large enterprise the boss cannot be directly involved in everything, and some means have to be found to transfer his belief to others. 5.没有任何人愿意再过那种自己无法控制、要别人认可、任人摆布的日子了。No one was willing to experience the feeling of being out of control and dependent on someone else’s approval, at someone else’s mercy. 6.人们渴望一种成就感，渴望有能力凭自己的手、自己的脑、自己的意志办成事情。 The human being longs for a sense of accomplishment, and being able to do things, with his hand, with his mind and with his will. 7.政府希望通过大量出售资产来弥补损失。 The government hopes that the sale of a chunk of its assets will help make up for its lose. 8.现代社会里人们的身份更多地由他们所从事的职业，而不是他们所生活的社区来界定。

汉译英若干注意事项

汉译英的若干注意事项 发布时间：2005-05-08 11:05 浏览次数：21763 一、关于编码 1、如果原文的章节编码未使用中文数字，则原则上保留其编码格式。 2、如果原文的章节编码使用了中文数字，但未使用罗马数字，则以罗马数字取代中文数字，其余格式不变。例：“一”译为“I”，“（一）”译为“（I）”。 3、如果原文的章节编码使用了中文数字，也使用了罗马数字，这时只能看具体情况来确定英文文件的编码格式。 二、关于字体、字号 1、一般来说，段落字体采用Times New Roman，字号为12（小四），常规字形 2、标题： 一般来说各级标题的字号均与段落的字号相同。 标题1（如“1”）：加粗字形，词首字母大写，其余小写； 标题2（如“1.1”）：常规字形，词首字母大写，其余小写； 标题3（如“，标题首词的首字母大写，其余小写； 标题4（如“，标题首词的首字母大写，其余小写。 三、关于数量 1、在录入数字时，注意力应特别集中，并逐一默读校对。 2、原文中用“万”来表达时，一般宜把“万”换算成thousand或million（不足1.0 million 的一般应换算成thousand）；换算后，应认真校核是否有数量级上的差错。不过，如果原文中有大量的数字表格，且采用“万”来表达时，则不再换算，以减少工作量并避免差错。 3、在使用法定计量单位时，应注意字母的大小写。如：kN、kW、km是对的，而KN、KW或kw，KM或是欠妥的。 四、关于表格 1、当表格长于一页，在拆分表格时，应注意“项次”的完整性。 2、在表格稍大于一页时，可通过缩小字体或行间距，来使之容纳于一页。 五、关于页码

汉译英句子翻译原则

1. 主语的确定 ?主语的三种处理方法： ?①以原句主语作译文主语 ?直接法 ?②重新确定主语 ?间接法 ?③增补主语 ?添加法 ?①直接法 ?例句1：我们的房子是一百多年前制造的。 ?Our house was built over a hundred years ago. ?例句2：我是地球人。 ?I come from the earth. ?例句3：如果不恰当地处理，锅炉及机动车辆排出的废气就会造成城市空气污染。 ?Exhaust from boilers and vehicles, unless properly treated, causes air pollution in cities. ?例句4：如果说，词汇是语言的“建筑材料”，那么，句子便是文章的“基本部件”。 ?If vocabulary is the “building materials” for language, sentences are the “fundamental parts” of writing. ?例句5：中国有两点是靠得住的，一是讲原则，二是说话算数。 ?China can be counted on. Among other things, first, it upholds principles and second, it honors its words. ?例句6：人有失错，马有漏蹄。 ?As a horse may tumble, a man may make mistakes. ?非常简单

?文化差异 ?应用有限 ?②间接法 ?中英文表达的习惯不同 ?语言地道，句式多样 ?例句7：世纪之交，中国外交空前活跃。 ?译法1（直接法）：At the turn of the century, China is very active in its diplomatic activities. ?译法2（间接法）：The turn of the century finds China most active on the diplomatic arena. ?例句8：1964年十月中国爆炸了第一颗原子弹，使世界大为震惊。 ?译法1：In October, 1964, China blasted its first atomic bomb, which shocked the rest of the world significantly. ?译法2：China’s first atomic blast in October, 1964 was a great shock to the rest of the world. ?例句9：胎又瘪了。 ?译法1：We’ve got another flat tire. ?译法2：Our tire is flat again. ?例句10：人不可貌相，海水不可斗量。 ?译法1：It is impossible to judge people from their appearance, and impossible to measure the ocean by pints. ?译法2：We cannot judge people from their appearance, just as we cannot measure the ocean by pints. ?回忆：海纳百川，有容乃大。 ?③增补法 ?推敲语境 ?考虑英语语法习惯和行文的需要。

汉译英的几种翻译技巧

汉译英的几种常用技巧（一）常用的翻译技巧1. 增译2. 减译（省译）3. 重复 4. 转译 5. 语序（词序/句序）调整（倒置） 6. 拆句与合并7. 正说反译, 反说正译8. 语态变换 1.增译法：指根据英汉两种语言不同的思维方式、语言习惯和表达 方式，在翻译时增添一些词、短句或句子，以便更准确地表达出原文所包含的意义。 这种方式多半用在汉译英里。汉语无主句较多，而英语句子一般都要有主语，所以在翻译汉语无主句的时候，除了少数可用英语无主句、被动语态或“There be…”结构来翻译以外，一般都要根据语境补出主语，使句子完整。英语中代词使用频率较高，凡说到人的器官和归某人所有的或与某人有关的事物时，必须在前面加上物主代词。因此，在汉译英时需要增补物主代词，而在英译汉时又需要根据情况适当地删减。 英语词与词、词组与词组以及句子与句子的逻辑关系一般用连词来表示，而汉语则往往通过上下文和语序来表示这种关系。因此，在汉译英时常常需要增补连词。英语句子离不开介词和冠词。另外，汉译英时还要注意增补一些原文中暗含而没有明言的词语和一些概括性、注释性的词语，以确保译文意思完整。 总之，通过增译，一是保证译文语法结构的完整，二是保证译文意思的明确。 1. I am looking forward to the holidays. 我们等待假日的到

2.Much of our morality is customary. 我们大部分的道德观念都有习惯性。 3.Reading makes a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact man. 读书使人充实，讨论使人机智，笔记使人精确。 4.Histories make men wise; poets witty; the mathematics subtle; natural philosophy deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoric able to contend. 读史使人明智，读诗使人灵秀，数学使人周密，科学使人深刻，伦理使人庄重，逻辑修辞之学使人善辩。 5. 没有调查研究就没有发言权。 He who makes no investigation and study has no right to speak. (No investigation, no right to speak.) 6. 虚心使人进步, 骄傲使人落后。 Modesty helps one to go forward, whereas conceit makes one lag behind. 7. 留得青山在, 不怕没柴烧。 So long as green hills remain, there will never be a shortage of firewood. 8. 班门弄斧 Showing off one’s proficiency with the axe before Lu Ban the master carpenter. 9. 三个臭皮匠, 顶个诸葛亮。

汉译英翻译方法

汉译英三步骤： 1.理解原文 包括原文逐字逐句的理解、对原文整体思想、观点和态度的理解，也包括对原文句子之 间和各部分之间相互关系的理解。 2.英语表达 在正确理解原文的基础上进行的，不是一对一的死译，而是在理解原文的基础上用相应 的英语结构、词汇和表达习惯准确的表达原文的意思。 3.核对检查 认真阅读自己的译文，要用挑错的眼光来检查译文是否正确表达了原文的意思，是否有 漏译、错译，译文语法如时态、语态、单复数形式和拼写上是否有错误。 汉译英翻译技巧： 1.选择恰当的英语词汇 有些英语词汇不仅有字面意思，还有内含意思。 e.g.“国家”：country, nation, state, land 分别内涵：疆土、人民、政府、感情 有些英语词汇本身含有贬义或一些委婉的意思，运用时要特别注意。 e.g.“宣传”publicize, propaganda （带贬义） 汉译英选词原则： （1）选适合上下文的词汇 e.g.“观众”：audience,viewer, spectator 分别表示：听音乐会或看戏的观众、电视观众、看体育表演的观众 “条件”不同情况下应用不同的英语词表达： 工作条件：working condition 有利的条件：favorable situation 录取条件：admission requirement 付款条件：terms of payment 词汇选择首先要忠于原文的意思。 e.g.近年来由于就业问题日益严重，有些人建议让没有工作的未婚妇女来替换那些 家务繁重的女工。 “就业问题”：employment problem, unemployment problem（找不到工作就业已 成问题，即失业问题） “没有工作的妇女”: women without jobs, women hunting for jobs（没有工作又 需要找工作的妇女，不需找工作的并不包括在内） （2）要注意词的广义、狭义、具体的意思和抽象意思的不同 e.g. ①他讲的笑话逗得我们都笑了。 ②他讲的话使我们大家都笑了。 ①His joke made us laugh. ②What he said make us laugh. We all smile at what he said. （3）选词时不要望文生义，不要死译，要考虑与汉语对应的英语词汇真正的意思。 e.g.①他们的好奇心得到了满足。

句子翻译练习(汉译英)

一、翻译下列句子，注意选词： 1.人民现在为什么拥护我们？就是这十几年有发展。 2.由于全球气候变暖，海平面在一点点地上升。 3.改革开放也使民族精神获得了解放。 4.我们的企业应着重提高国际竞争力。 5.中国的现代化建设离不开与世界各国的经济合作与贸易往来。 6.湖区水位提高可能要危及竹子的生长。这意味着以竹子为食物的大熊猫也将 受到威胁。 参考译文： 1.Why do people support us? Because our economy has been developing. 2.The sea level is rising little by little in the consequence of global warming. 3.Reforms and the open policy have also emancipated the minds of the people. 4.We need to be enhancing international competitiveness. 5.China’s modernization is inseparable from her economic cooperation and trade ties with other nations. 6.Higher water levels in the lake area may endanger the growing of bamboos, which means giant pandas that feed on these plants will suffer, too. 二、物称与人称（翻译下列句子，注意运用物称表达法） 我想到希望，忽然害怕起来了。 他气得话也说不出来。 我一时想不起他的名字。 我疏忽了这个问题。 我兴奋得什么话都说不出来。 走过草地几步，我们就到了一个华丽的大酒店。 你只消仔细比较一下，就会发现不同。 一看到那棵大树，我便想起了童年的情景。 恕我孤陋寡闻，对此关系一无所知。 凭良心讲，你待我礼貌有加，我却受之有愧。 参考译文： The access of hope made me suddenly afraid. Anger choked his words. His name escaped me for the moment. This point slipped my attention. Excitement deprived me of all power of utterance. A few steps across the lawn brought me to a large, splendid hotel.

[公司简介,汉译英,翻译,其他论文文档]“公司简介”汉译英的翻译原则和语用失误问题分析

“公司简介”汉译英的翻译原则和语用失误问题分析 “公司简介”汉译英的翻译原则和语用失误问题分析 “公司简介”汉译英的翻译原则和语用失误问题分析 “公司简介”汉译英的翻译原则和语用失误问题分析 Guiding principles for translation of Chinese company profiles and solutions t o the pragmatic misfires 摘要:本文分析了公司简介的语言特点,根据Peter Newmark的观点提出了公司简介翻译应 遵循的原则,并就公司简介英译中常见的语用失误问题进行了探讨,结合翻译原则提出了对应的解决方案。 关键词:公司简介,语用失误,语用语言失误,社会语用失误 Abstract: Some guiding principles for translating Chinese company profiles, de veloped in this paper upon Peter Newmark’s viewpoints on translating for lang uages of different functions, are used to combat against some pragmatic misfir es existing in Chinese company profiles translation. Key Words: company profile, pragmatic misfire, Pragmalinguistic failure, socia pragmatic failure 在全球经济一体化趋势日益增强的今天,越来越多的中国企业意识到公司英文网页建设的 必要性和重要性。大多公司将中文网页翻译成英文,其中首当其中的就是公司简介的翻译。公司简介犹如公司的一张名片,是客户了解公司的第一面窗口,英文翻译的好坏可能会决定公司是否能吸引顾客和获得客户。然而由于译者水平,翻译角度以及中西方文化形态、语 言习惯和认知模式上的巨大差异,译文中因为没有遵循一定翻译原则而造成的错误和跨文化、跨语言的语用失误时有发生,严重地影响了译文的效果。因此,针对公司简介语言特点和功能探讨其翻译原则,从而避免公司简介翻译常见错误和译文的语用失误,对于减少误解、达到公司介绍目的和效果具有重大意义。 关于公司简介英译的研究很少,徐芳芳等(2005)概要分析了公司简介英语译文中误译、欠 额翻译、文化错误、语法错误及逻辑问题等常见的问题,本研究首先借用Peter Newmark关于不同功能语言的翻译论断分析了公司简介的语言功能特点及其翻译原则,并从语用翻译 理论的角度进一步分析了译文的语用失误问题,运用所提出的原则针对公司简介翻译中出 现的语用失误问题提出了解决方案。 1、公司简介的语言特点和总体翻译原则公司简介主要有两种功能:一是提供公司信息,二是宣传公司,引起注意,呼吁合作。从第一种功能上看,公司简介应使用具信息功能(Inform ative)的语言,尤其是一些科技公司,应使用具有简洁性、逻辑性、紧凑性和客观性特点的

第六章 外贸汉译英信函翻译

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