搜档网
当前位置:搜档网 › 大学英语四级考试听力应试技巧(2)

大学英语四级考试听力应试技巧(2)

大学英语四级考试听力应试技巧(2)
大学英语四级考试听力应试技巧(2)

二、题型分析与解题技巧

第一节四级听力总策略

首先,清楚理解听力的心理机制。

听力是一种预测筛选活动

预测,根据背景信息的事前了解,听力语境的充分理解,及讲话人动作、表情、语气等非语言手段的观察和熟悉,可以听了上半句,预测到下半句。现实生活中,我们常常说“碰话”,即交谈对方不谋而合说出一样的话,这就是我们在听话时不知不觉地做了预测工作。

英语中有很多关联词能帮助我们进行预测。如that is to say一出现,就表明将重新解释一遍刚说过的内容;开场白说There are four points. Fi rst …就会让听者期待second, third, and last。

筛选是一种取其精华去其糟粕的活动,即将注意力集中到关键部分。如:在听句子Sharon gave me this laptop when I was graduating from technical school. Not only was she kind, patient, and an all-around omnipotent god-being when it came to computer networking.时,可以集中精力听划线的部分,而筛去其余部分,照样能理解句子,把握重要信息。

在考试过程中,预测将要听到的主要信息,能使我们耳朵和大脑在听音时将注意力放在与选项或问题相关的内容上,顺利地进行筛选,从而提高听的效果。

听力是一种印证修证活动

听力活动是直线型的,也是反复循环的。理解句子是否正确,常需要由下文印证。原有的理解经过印证后,进行修正(保留正确理解而纠正其错误理解),接着修正后的理解连同有待进一步印证的理解一起进入下一步的听力活动中,准备接受下一轮的印证修正。

然后,全面剖析自我听力障碍。

语言知识障碍

在听力过程中出现的不常用的“新”词,“新”句型,由于连续、弱读、不完全爆破而使词语在语流中发生变化。

非语言知识障碍

中国学生听英语,意味着一个文化背景下的人要通过耳朵摄取另一个文化背景中的信息,并试图理解它。这需要充分了解另一文化背景,否则无法理解听来的信息,更或者根本辨别不出来听到的音。

再者,小心拆解命题人的陷阱命题

打一个比方,把四级考试当作一场比武较量,那么做题和出题实际上就成了考生和命题人的过招了。过招是否能占上风就得看是否能得到拆招秘籍了。从命题人来说,他们就是运用测试学理论,冲着考生的薄弱环节来点穴。从考生的角度来看,他们就是要能知己知彼,知道自己的薄弱环节,知道对方的招数套路,这样才能在保全自己的情况下把对方的招式一一化解。知道自己的薄弱环节,无非就是了解自身听力能力和听力技巧方面的不足(包括语言知识和非语言知识障碍),这个一般来说对照技巧讲解的点、线、面,很容易查找并对症下药。至于知道对方的招数套路,这倒是个难题,毕竟不是他们肚子里的虫子,怎知他们想的是什么。其实命题者的招数套路并不是什么神秘的事情。试从这个角度来想想,大学英语四级考试是一个超大规模的标准化考试,一定会严格地遵守测试学理论科学地出题,既然它有科学性,就意味着有规律性,有了规律,考生就可以依照规律办事。

下面不妨以真题的短对话选项作样本来试着拆解命题者的招数套路,分析一下解的特征

和出题思路。

正解特征

一、是原信息的同义转述。与原对话信息表情达意完全一致,只是表述方式有所不同,或正话反说或此话彼说。

例1 2005年6月第6题

W: Bob said that Seattle is a great place for conference.

M:He is certainly in the position to make that comment. He has been there so often.

Q:What does the man say about Bob?

A) He’s been to Seattle many times.

B) He has chaired a lot of conferences.

C) He has a high position in his company.

D) He lived in Seattle for many years.

正解:A) He’s been to Seattle many times.

分析:男士说Bob经常去那里,从对话的上下文可知,there是指的Seattle,对应的正确选项意思表达一致,仅仅将其表述稍作修改,把代词there指代的地点明

确为Seattle,把so often替换成同义短语many times。

例2 2003年6月第3题

W: The presentation made by Professor Jackson was too complicated to understand.

M:Well, I think he didn’t speak slowly enough for us to take notes.

Q:What is the man’s complaint?

A) The professor spoke too fast.

B) The professor spoke with a strong accent.

C) The professor’s lecture notes were too complicated.

D) The professor’s presentation was not convincing enough.

正解:A) The professor spoke too fast.

分析:对话中男士报怨的话直译过来是“我觉得他的语速不够慢,我们根本没法做笔记。”选项A“他的语速过快”,则是反话正说,将原信息的否定句型表达转为

肯定句表达。

二、是原信息的合理推论。

例3 2006年6月第3题

M:How do you like the new physician who replaced Dr. Andrews?

W:He may not seem as agreeable or as thorough as Dr. Andrews, but at least he doesn’t keep patients waiting for hours.

Q: What can we infer from the woman’s answer?

A) Dr. Andrews has been promoted for his thoroughness.

B) She disagrees with Dr. Andrews on many occasions.

C) Dr. Andrews used to keep his patients waiting.

D) She dislikes Dr. Andrews as much as the new physician.

正解:C) Dr. Andrews used to keep his patients waiting.

分析:男士问的是女士对新来接替Dr. Andrews工作的那位内科医生的评价,女士提到新医生不如Dr. Andrews那么和蔼可亲也不如他认真仔细,实际上没有对新

医生给予很高的评价,而后转折说但至少他不会让病人等上几小时,言下之意是

新医生身上的这一优点是Dr. Andrews所不具备的。B选项就是这层意思的合理推

论。

错解特征:

一、与其他三选择项异类。主题、内容、语气上相关度最低。

例4 2002年12月第8题

W:You really seem to enjoy your literature class?

M:You’re right. It is opening a new world for me. I’m exposed to the thoughts of some of the world best writers. I’ve never read so much in my life.

Q:What does the woman mean?

A) She’s written some books about world classics.

B) She’s learned a lot from the literature class.

C) She’s just back from a trip round the world.

D) She’s met some of the world’s best writers.

正解:B) She’s learned a lot from the literature class.

错解: C) She’s just back from a trip round the world..

分析:四个选项中C与环球旅游有关,而其余三项均与文学相关,所在内容上D 的相关度最低,在浏览与测试时就可以基本将它排除。

二、是原信息的同词形或同结构,异词义。

例5 2006年6月第5题

W:Do you have the seminar schedule with you? I’d like to find out the topic for Friday. M:I gave it to my friend, but there should be copies available in the library. I can pick one up for you.

Q:What does the man promise to do?

A) To pick up the woman from the library.

B) To make a copy of the schedule for his friend.

C) To find out more about the topic for the seminar.

D) To get the seminar schedule for the woman.

正解:D) To make a copy of the schedule for his friend.

错解: A) To pick up the woman from the library.

分析:pick up是一个口语中常用的典型的一词多义动词短语,原文中出现pick one up,其意思是“帮某人拿、取一份”,而A选项中pick up the woman是指“开

车去接这位女士,让其搭车”,它们之间的意思已经大相径庭了。

三、是原信息的同结构生搬硬套。

例6 2005年1月第2题

M:I’m going to drop my information science class. It meets too early in the morning.

W:Is that really a good reason to drop the class, Tony?

Q:What does the woman mean?

A) Tony should continue taking the course.

B) She approves of Tony’s decision.

C) Tony can choose another science course.

D) She can’t meet Tony so early in the morning.

正解:A) Tony should continue taking the course.

错解: D) She can’t meet Tony so early in the morning.

分析:原文男士说It meets too early in the morning,主语it指代的是前面提到的informationscience class其意思是“早上上课的时间太早”,而D选项套用了

该句型结构,但把主语变成了She,增加了动词宾语Tony,把肯定意义变

成了否定,其表达的意思是“这位女士早上没法太早与Tony碰面”,该意

思已与原文相去甚远。

错解的出题思路

仅了解错解的基本特征是不够的,知其然还得知其所以然,希望这些粗略的分析能帮诸位练成火眼金睛。大致上讲,设置错解无非是从三方面着手,语调、语音和语义。

【语调方面】

语调的考查近几年受到列位命题大师的青睐,应为它是口语语体最显著的特征,用它来考核大学生的实践英语能力是再合适不过的了。

例7 2006年6月第4题

W:W: Tom must be in a bad mood today. He hasn’t said half a dozen words all afternoon M:Oh, really? That’s not like the Tom we know.

Q:What does the man imply?

A) Tom is usually talkative.

B) Tom has a very bad temper.

C) Tom has dozens of things to attend to.

D) Tom is disliked by his colleagues.

正解:A) Tom is usually talkative.

错解: D) Tom is disliked by his colleagues.

分析:反问句Oh, really?读升调,系一种表示难以置信的说法,就是怀疑听到内容的真假,此处男士借此来暗示Tom平时绝对不是个沉默寡言的人。注意,

Really?并不能与中文的“真的吗?”完全划等号。中国人聊天时,时常会

用“真的吗?”这样的词表示有点惊讶,或者就是表示对别人所讲的内容感兴

趣,未必真的就是怀疑听到内容的真假。英语中表示难以置信的类似表达还

有:Are you kidding? 你没开玩笑吧? That’s unbelievable/incredible. 真是难以

置信! I can’t belive it!我简直不能相信!You don’t say. 用以表示惊奇,真的吗?

I’ll say. 当然,的确。I say. 用以表示惊讶,震惊等,若不重读时,用以引起

话题。

而如果Really读成降调,则是肯定句,用来强调所述内容的真实性。例如,

Really, I don’t think it’s a good idea.真的,我不认为这是个好主意。没正确理解

此处Really?语用意义的的考生,就很可能就会认为,“他真的一下午都没说上

几句话。”而后错误地推断其原因是同事们都不喜欢他,没人愿意搭理他,所

以那些居心剖测的命题人便在此设置了一个陷阱D。

【语音方面】

语音方面的陷阱不太好伪装,因为它是利用原文中的某个关键词的读音来找一个音

相似的词,再在它的基础上编写比较合理的选项,即与原文要一定的关系,与其他三个选项不会太格格不入,所以要掩饰这样的选项不太容易,往往会顾了这一头,顾不了那一头。

例82003年9月第4题

W:I’ve just left my keys in my room. Now what should I do?

M:I can’t believe it, you are always so careless. Anyhow, let’s calm down and try to figure things out.

Q:What does the man suggest?

A) The woman be more careful next time.

B) They try to think of a solution.

C) The woman find a spare key.

D) They come downstairs.

正解:B) They try to think of a solution.

错解: D) They come downstairs.

分析:男士说let’s calm down and try to ... 即让我们先冷静下来,别急糊涂了。calm down这次就是命题人挖掘的命题点,D就利用了该词组的音近词组come

down,若没听清原文中这个词组的发音,就会根据已听到的部分信息和常识

来推理没钥匙进不了门,就先下楼再想办法。

【语义方面】

从语义方面设置错解是命题人的拿手好戏,做起来就花样百出。

①断章取义

根据所听信息中某个或某几个词来编写选择项,这样的选择项往往乍一看很像答案,很多没有听懂对话主题和大意而仅听到了只言片语的考生往往会考虑选择它。其实这类选项是最容易排除的,因为在短对话中,一般听到的关键词是不会直接出现在正确答案中的,正解往往是关键词的同义替换项。所以对这类选项要极为警惕,一听清大意即可坚决排除。

例9 2004年6月第6题

W:Washing dishes in the restaurant every day is really boring.

W:Why don’t you quit and deliver flowers for me?

Q:What does the woman advise the man to do?

A) Quit delivering flowers.

B) Leave his job to work for her.

C) Work at a restaurant.

D) Bring her flowers every day.

正解:B) Leave his job to work for her.

错解: A) Quit delivering flowers.

分析:对话中女士是建议男士放弃目前(在餐馆洗盘子)的工作,转而替自己送花,即为她工作。错解A的quit delievering flowers就是对quit and deliver

flowers这一关键短语稍加改动,将原有的quit和deliver两个前后相继的

动作变为一个动作,即别再干送花上门这个工作了,所以选项与原文在外

形上颇为相似,而意思却截然相反。

②过度推理

根据原对话信息内容进行加工,基本事实保留不变,使之酷似正确答案,但在此基础上又做出了过度的或绝对化的推理和概括,因而该选项中被添加了一些不确定的信息,从而使其失之偏颇。

注意:不要对所听所见的信息想象过于丰富,想当然般地发散性思维,否则很容易掉到陷阱里。

例10 2003年6月第5题

M:Mary doesn’t want me to take the job. She says our child is too young. And the job requires much traveling.

W:You should talk to her again and see if you can find a way out. Think about the gains and losses before you make the decision.

Q:What do we learn from the conversation?

A) The man doesn’t want to stay at home and take care of their child.

B) The man is sure that he will gain more by taking the job.

C) The man likes a job that enables him to travel.

D) The man is thinking about taking a new job.

正解:D) The man is thinking about taking a new job.

错解:A) The man doesn’t want to stay at home and take care of their child.

分析:根据对话可以得知有关这一新工作及男士的一些家庭情况:新工作需要他经常出差(requires much traveling),他的孩子太小(our child is too young)。从现

在大多数男人不喜欢干家务带孩子这一社会现象出发,命题人顺水推舟,将

原有事实向前推进一步,即男士想换工作是因不想呆在家,不想照顾小孩。

对于听得似懂非懂的考生,就很容易推理出D选项。

例112004年6月第9题

M:I just can’t believe this is our last year. College is going by fast.

W:Yeah, we’ll have to face the real world soon. So have you figured out what you are going to do after you graduate?

Q:What do we learn from the conversation?

A) The man is worried about his future.

B) The two speakers are seniors at college.

C) The two speakers are at a loss what to do.

D) The woman regrets spending her time idly.

正解:B) The two speakers are seniors at college.

错解:D) The woman regrets spending her time idly.

分析:对话中女士只是感慨大学的时光飞逝(College is going by fast.),但并没说自己虚度光阴,说她对此表示遗憾纯属过度推理。因其反映了当前许多大四学生

在毕业前的一种常见心态,所以具有相当的迷惑性。

③移花接木

原对话中涉及多个人物,多条信息,而命题者施展“乾坤挪移大法”,将多条信息按语法成分拆解、打乱、再重新组合,或调换动作的施动者,或调换状语(原因,时间,地点等)。这种企图鱼目混珠,混淆视听的命题思路在CET-4中颇为常见,考生只有练就一双慧耳,加上火眼金金,才能明察秋毫。

例122005年6月第8题

M:Do you want to go to the lecture this weekend? I heard that the guy who is going to deliver the lecture spent a year living in the rain forest.

W:Great, I am doing a report on the rain forest. Maybe I can get some new information to add it.

Q:What does the woman mean?

A) She knows the guy who will give the lecture.

B) She thinks the lecture might be informative.

C) She wants to add something to her lecture.

D) She’ll finished her report this weekend.

正解:B) She thinks the lecture might be informative.

错解:C) She wants to add something to her lecture.

D) She’ll finished her report this weekend.

分析:对话中的多条相关信息分解如下:

施动者动作主题时间状语

a guy deliver a lecture on rain forest this weekend

woman speaker go to the lecture this weekend

woman speaker doing a report on rain forest presently

错解C和D就采取移花接木的手段,前者是把要去听讲座的女士变成了主讲

人,而后者则是将讲座的时间移栽到了女士写完报告的时间上。这类题一定

要注意区分清不同动作的不同施动者及其各自的发生时间和地点。

④偷梁换柱

这种做法很有意思,命题者从原对话中精挑细选出一个词或词组并把它揪出来,能被选中的词往往是考生轻而易举就能听到的,或者是所听信息中的关键词之一,然后命题者就开始闭门造车,在它身上大做特做文章了。

例132003年9月第7题

W:My name is Helen Ware. W-A-R-E. Can I get a class permit for biology?

M:Oh, no. Not now. Registration for students whose last names begin with “W” doesn’t start until tomorrow.

Q:What does the man mean?

A) The woman misplaced her class permit for biology.

B) The woman arrived for registration too early.

C) The woman missed registration for the biology course.

D) The woman got a wrong class permit.

正解:B) The woman arrived for registration too early.

错解:A) The woman misplaced her class permit for biology.

D) The woman got a wrong class permit.

分析:女士自报家门,还告之其姓的拼写是“Ware”,并问能否拿到生物学这门课的听课证(class permit),男士回答说现在还不行,姓氏以W开头的学生要等到

明天才能开始登记,其言外之意是说这位女士来得太早。如未能理解男士所

说的最后这句话的语用含义,考生就会往前找已得信息求助,class permit,于

是命题人便心生一计,就着它开始闭门造车,得出女士的听课证放错地方了

或是拿错了,这一系列关于听课证的表述。

例142006年6月第5题

W:Do you have the seminar schedule with you? I’d like to find out the topic for Friday. M:I gave it to my friend, but there should be copies available in the library. I can pick one up for you.

Q:What does the man promise to do?

A) To pick up the woman from the library.

B) To make a copy of the schedule for his friend.

C) To find out more about the topic for the seminar.

D) To get the seminar schedule for the woman.

正解:D) To get the seminar schedule for the woman.

错解: B) To make a copy of the schedule for his friend.

分析:原对话中男士提到图书馆里还有一些日程表(schedule)的复印件(copies),他可以去帮助这位女士取一份。错解B就将schedule和copies这两个关键

词综合在一起,捏造出他承诺要去为这位女士复印一份日程表。

⑤空穴来风

这往往是一个无中生有的选项,选项主题与对话主题一致,但选项内容却是对话所没有提及的一方面,仅仅是命题者根据常识杜撰出来的看上去合情合理的选项。

例152005年6月第10题

M:This article is nothing but advertising for housing developers. I don’t think the houses fo r sale are half that good.

W:Come on, David. Why so negative? We are thinking of buying a home, aren’t we? Just a trip to look at the place won’t c ost us much.

Q:What can be inferred form the conversation?0

A) The houses for sale are of poor quality.

B) The houses are too expensive for the couple to buy.

C) The housing developers provide free trips for potential buyers.

D) The man is unwilling to take a look at the houses for sale.

正解:D) The man is unwilling to take a look at the houses for sale.

错解:B) The houses are too expensive for the couple to buy.

分析:这是一个典型的无中生有的选项,它的内容也涉及对话主题的一个方面。对话中男士谈到了某篇文章仅仅是为房屋开发商打广告,他不相信待售的房子

有文章中吹嘘的一半那么好,而女士则提到既然他们正打算买房,亲自跑一

趟去看看房也花不了多少钱,费不了多少功夫。两人谈到了买房看房的态度,

那么谈一下房屋的价格也是合情合理的,加之现在许多楼盘的价格确实是让

人望而生畏,所以命题人就毫不犹豫地加上了B说房子的价格过高这对夫妇

买不起。其实原对话只讨论了去看房花不了多少钱,根本没提房子的价位如

何。

⑥意义相悖

与原对话信息所表达的意义相反。这样的选择项有两种做法:其一,找出原对话中的关键词,再以其反义词为中心组织成句;其二,取正确选择项的句型为句子框架,再组织成反义句,这种情况下,往往能在选择项中找到一组正反句。

例162006年6月第9题

M:Congratulations, Li Ming. You’re the talk of the town and the pride of our class now. W:If y ou’re referring to my winning the English speech contest, I don’t think it’s such a big deal. You know, I’ve spent two summer vacations learning English in Canada.

Q:What do we learn from the conversation?

A) She doesn't want to talk about the contest.

B) She's modest about her success in the contest.

C) She's spent two years studying English in Canada.

D) She's very proud of her success in the speech contest.

正解:B) She's modest about her success in the contest.

错解:D) She's very proud of her success in the speech contest.

分析:比较B和D发现,它们在意思上正好相反,而且这两个意义相反的选项在此对话的情景中一个是男士的对此事的态度(…the pride of our class)却被偷换了

主语,另一个是通过整合信息可以推断出来的。仔细的人会选中正面,粗心

的人会误听为反面,所以命题人就在此挖坑。这类题具有很强的辨认性,但

凡选项中出现反义选项,正确答案就一定在其中,听时只要留意原文表意是

正是反即可。

大学英语四级考试模拟试题

大学英语四级考试模拟试题

大学英语四级考试模拟试题 Model Test Five Part ⅠListening Comprehension Directions: This section is designed to test your ability to understand spoken English. You will hear a selection of recorded materials and you must answer the questions that accompany them. Choose the correct answer---A, B, C or D, and then, mark your answer by writing the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. Section A (C) 11. A) He will only be available in the afternoon. B) It’s not his office hour. C) He doesn’t have time. D) He is too tired after class. (A) 12. A) The woman insists on going out. B) The woman doesn’t like watching TV. C) The man promised her a gift on her birthday. D) The man is too tired to go out. (B) 13. A) There are too many courses offered to

大学英语四级考试模拟试卷及参考答案(第一套)

大学英语四级考试模拟试卷及参考答案(第 一套) Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes) Directions: There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is foll owed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are fou r choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and ma rk the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. Passage One Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage. There is a difference between science and technology. Science is a method o f answering theoretical questions; technology is a method of solving practical problems. Science has to do with discovering the facts and relationships betwee n observable phenomena in nature and with establishing theories that serve to o rganize these facts and relationships; technology has to do with tools, techniq ues, and procedures for implementing the finding of science. Another distinction between science and technology has to do with the progr ess in each. Progress in science excludes the human factor. Scientists, who seek to comp rehend the universe and know the truth within the highest degree of accuracy an d certainty, cannot pay attention to their own or other people's likes or disli kes or to popular ideas about the fitness of things. What scientists discover m ay shock or anger people-as did Darwin's theory of evolution. But even an unple asant truth is more than likely to be useful; besides, we have the choice of re fusing to believe it! But hardly so with technology; we do not have the choice

大学英语四级做题技巧(最新)

首先我做题的顺序是: 1.听力 2.作文 3.选词填空 4.翻译 5.阅读理解(为什么这个要比6先做呢,因为这个题的分数比较高,而且多花点时间的正确率要高点,所以这个题先多花点时间来提高分数,对于6再用技巧快速解决,实在没有时间了还可以乱选) 6.段落大意选择 我先说一下总的方案。我重点强调一下,对于每套真题,不管什么题型,做完了都要把不认识的单词查出来写在卷子上,没事的时候就要去记忆,有很多次是反复出现的。技巧不是有了就能过四级的,还要靠你的一些努力。后面我会说给大家列举些词汇,还有我后面让你们记下来的词,不是记下来就好了,是要记忆的。 所谓技巧嘛,就是尽力让你花最少的功夫过四级! 1、听力 (1)使用具有增加信息接受方注意力功能的词汇,例如most, only, just, particularly, really, new, free, famous, strange , unusual, surprise, shocked, always , each, ever, every, little, few, any, nothing, full of, complete, throughout, all, almost, nearly, total, i mportant, must, stress, note, notice, range, insist, add , laugh, desperation, horror, fear, disaster, ke y, minimum等等; (2)使用特殊结构及句式,例如比较级、最高级、as…as结构、not so…as结构、different from、similar to、强调结构、否定结构、感叹句、if丛句、完成进行时态、as…as possible、make it clear that、you can imagine that、don’t forget that等结构; (3)含有数字、时间及相关词汇的句子,例如first(start, pioneer), second, millions of, figure, many,one day, years ago, today等等; (4)重复和自问自答; (5)引用:语气语调一般会有明显的变化。 因果原则: 含有表示因果关系的词汇的句子,命题的可能性很大,这些词汇包括because, why, reason, so, as a result, as a sign of, thanks to, therefore, due to等等。 转折原则: 含有表示转折关系的词汇的句子,命题的可能性很大,这些词汇包括but, however, whereas, otherwise, unfortunately, yet等等。 前8个题一般听到什么就不要去选他,这个8个题要靠推测,这8个题你用几天练习一下,很简单,应该就会对个5、6个。 把握关键词和关键句。在听录音的过程中,考生要注意把握一些关键词和关键句。首先要注意听表示转折关系的词汇,例如but、however、unfortunately、unexpectedly、to tell the truth 等。其次也要注意听关键句。在对话题中,往往会有一些表示建议或劝告的句子,例如“Why…?”“Why…not…?”“Why don’t you/we…?”“It would be better to do...”“Wouldn’t it be better to do…?”很多答案都是在这些词出现的

大学英语四级考试真题及答案(完整版)

大学英语四级考试真题及答案(绝对完整) Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minute to write a short essay on the topic of students selecting their lectures. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given bellow: 1. 越来越多的博物馆免费对外开放的目的是什么? 2. 也会带来一些问题 3. 你的看法? Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. How Do You See Diversity? As a manager, Tiffany is responsible for interviewing applicants for some of the positions with her company .During one interview, she noticed that the candidate never made direct eye contact. She was puzzled and somewhat disappointed because she liked the individual otherwise. He had a perfect resume and gave good responses to her questions, but the fact that he never looked her in the eye said “untrustworthy,” so she decided to offer the job to her second choice. “It wasn’t until I attended a diversity workshop that I realized the person we passed over was the perfect person,” Tiffany confesses. What she hadn’t known at the time of the interview was that the candidate’s “different” behavior was simply a cultural misunderstanding . He was an Asian-American raised in a household where respect for those in authority was shown by averting(避开) your eyes. “I was just thrown off by the lack of ye contact; not realizing it was cultural,” Tiffany says. “I missed out ,but will not miss that opportunity again.” Many of us have had similar encounters with behaviors we perceive as different. As the world becomes smaller and our workplaces more diverse, it is becoming essential to expand our under-standing of others and to reexamine some of our false assumptions . Hire Advantage At a time when hiring qualified people is becoming more difficult ,employers who can eliminate invalid biases(偏爱) from the process have a distinct advantage .My company, Mindsets LLC ,helps organizations and individuals see their own blind spots . A real estate recruiter we worked with illustrates the positive difference such training can make .

大学英语四级口语应试技巧汇编

大学英语四级口语应试技巧汇编 由于近年来,参加口语考试的门槛进一步降低,每年都有更多的考生获得参加口语考试的机会。那么如何准备口语考试呢? 技巧1:考前热身,了解你的搭档 考试之前,考官会对所有考生进行随机分组,通常三个人一组,会给一定时间让你们交流,这就是所谓热身。 千万不要小瞧你的搭档,大家要抓紧时间交流,这样等到正式考试时,大家才能有好的配合。 比如,我在考口语的时候,有一个搭档是个内向的女生。我在听她的发音时比较累,有时只能猜测。最后一个部分是一个商业宣传的案例,结果我们做的策划是两个截然不同的方向,她大概也没有经历过类似的考试,根本不与我配合,于是到最后也没有达成一致意见。 技巧2:精心准备自我介绍 考前有一个自我介绍,你要准备得有特色,生动一点,因为这关系到第一印象的问题,你在第一时间内所展现出来的个性特征很可能在主考老师的心里持续到最后一分钟。 你不要把自我介绍弄得太冗长,不要为了使用某些夸张的语句,而使本该简短的文字变得复杂。 技巧3:悉心倾听同伴发言 口语测试中的专心应该是从始至终的,最好能做到悉心倾听每一个搭档的发言。

因为考官很有可能突然点名让你发表意见,如果你没有专心听懂其他人的观点,那么你就可能不知道自己该说点什么。我考试的时候遇到的另一位搭档是研究生,但他的口语基本上在初中水平,但是幸亏我当时一直认真地听着他的发言,不然当考官突然让我接下话题时,我就可能不知道自己该说些什么了。 技巧4:学会解释开放性问题 要学会对问题进行开放性解释,不要只给出简单的答案。这个也许是个很个人的问题,是个习惯问题。但考试是有时间限定的,老师也许会示意你做进一步阐述,所以见到问题的时候就应该有比较完善的,综合各方面因素的理解。 但不要给出让人过于吃惊的回答,尤其不要拿出新生代人物对一切都毫不在乎的态度,最好是表现得成熟一点,有条理,有逻辑,有道理。因为大家都是接受过高等教育的人,不要在一些简单问题上显得幼稚和无知。 技巧5:六招教你快速提高四六级口语 相对于雅思考试中的其他单项,口语是不少考生的弱势项目。除备考要细致,考试时的一些细节也要引起考生注意,提醒大家尤其要注意以下八个细节问题。 Keep eye contact.保持眼神交流 中国考生在答题时往往眼睑自然下垂,是一种内敛的表现。可在欧美人看来,这种回避的眼光可能是一种缺少安全感、不自信的表现。在雅思口语考试中,考官提问时会一直与考生保持眼

[英语四六级]全国大学英语四级考试流程及考生注意事项

全国大学英语四级考试流程及考生注意事项为了保证大学英语四级考试安全、顺利的进行,请各位考生熟悉以下流程和注意事项: 1、英语四级考试8:45考生进入考场 所有考生一律携带身份证、学生证和准考证进入考场。证件不全者,不得参加考试。考生进入考场后,调试耳机。 2、英语四级考试9:00迟到考生不得入场,监考员发答题卡1和卡2 考生用且只能用黑色字迹签字笔在答题卡上填写姓名、准考证号,用2B铅笔涂黑相应的信息点;暂不填写答题卡2上试卷代号一栏;考生不得提前答题,否则按违规违纪处理,并报省教育考试院处理。 3、英语四级考试9:10考试正式开始,开始做试题第一部分 考生做试题第一部分“写作”,务必用黑色字迹签字笔答题。 4、英语四级考试9:35监考员发试题册 考生不得提前翻阅或改变试卷位置,否则按违规违纪处理,并报省教育考试院处理。 5、英语四级考试9:40开始做试题的第二部分 英语四级写作部分考试结束;考生打开试题册,开始做试题的第二部分“快速阅读理解”。 6、英语四级考试9:55收答题卡1 收卷期间考生不得答题,否则按违规违纪处理,并报省教育考试院处理。 7、英语四级考试10:00听力考试正式开始。 8、英语四级听力考试结束后,开始做试题的第四部分 英语四级听力考试结束后,请立即摘下耳机,否则按违规违纪处理,并报省教育考试院处理;考生开始做试题的第四部分。 9、英语四级11:20考试结束 英语四级考试结束,考生立即停止答题,不离开座位,待监考教师收齐试卷、清点考试材料无误并同意考生离场后,考生方可退场。

10、考生不得提前退场和交卷 英语四级考试过程中,考生不得提前退场,包括提前交卷,否则按违规违纪处理,并报省教育考试院处理。 11、考生进入考场需携带2B铅笔和黑色签字笔,不得携带其它材料 考生进入考场不得携带的材料如书本、纸张、书包、录音器材、电子记事本和通讯工具(含BP机、对讲机和手机等)均不得带入考场,否则按违规违纪处理,并报省教育考试院处理。 12、本次考试的题型分为六部分,第一部分作文的题目在答题卡1上,其余五部分的题目在试题册上;考试材料包括:试题册、答题卡1和答题卡2;考试分A、B卷。

大学英语四级考试真题及答案完整版

精品文档 2014年6月大学英语四级考试真题及答案(完整版) 来源:文都教育 Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the following topic. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit your hometown, what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why? 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。 Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。 1. A) See a doctor about her strained shoulder. B) Use a ladder to help her reach the tea. C) Replace the cupboard with a new one. D) Place the tea on a lower shelf next time. 2. A) At Mary Johnson's. C) In an exhibition hall. B) At a painter's studio. D) Outside an art gallery. 3. A) The teacher evaluated lacks teaching experience. B) She does not quite agree with what the man said. C) The man had better talk with the students himself. D) New students usually cannot offer a fair evaluation. 4. A) He helped Doris build up the furniture. B) Doris helped him arrange the furniture.

(完整版)大学英语四级阅读理解解题技巧

大学英语四级选词填空和快速阅读复习攻略 选词填空: 首先:预览选项,了解词义并把选项分为四大类词性:名词n,动词v,形容词a,副词ad,在每个选项后作词性的简要标记; 其次:精读全文开头,把握文章主题,并以三个空或一个段落为一个单位,利用前后文判断每空的词性; 第三:把对应词性的选项逐一带回原文,含义通顺,时态、主谓搭配一致的为正确选项。 记背选词填空选项的重点范围: 1.历年曾经考过的复合式听写的单词 2.历年曾经考过的完形填空的选项,仔细阅读态度题的选项 3.历年曾经考过的真题中的高频词汇 快速阅读: 建议做题方法:读题干并确定关键词(中心词)--去原文中定位关键词--分析定位句--分析题干--确定答案。 首先用“打包”方法对付乱序: 把整组题全部一次性吃透,然后去原文从头到尾定位。否则,考生如果按顺序逐题解答,时间会严重不足,最好是文章一遍看下来,能找到所有的信息。此外,考生应该注意定位原文的过程中,一定要脑、眼和手并用:眼是肯定要用的,不用脑会导致忽视同义转换,不用手(笔)会使我们处于走马观花的状态,然后会怀疑自己是不是漏掉了信息而不停地看。 其次:“吃透”题干,准确判断关键词(中心词)至关重要。如果没吃透题干,就无法准确判断关键词或中心词,就可能对原文中的重要信息没感觉。一般来说,题干关键词或中心词为实词以及一些数字、专有名词等。 最后,在解题的先后顺序上,采用先易后难的策略。采用由易到难的解题策略,可以提升考生的解题信心。对于那些答题线索较少的题干细节信息,考生可留在最后再解答。在解答这类较难的题目时,考生可快速阅读原文中仍未选过的段落的主题句(通常为第一句、第二句或最后一句),之后根据段落大意与题干中的细节信息进行匹配。

大学英语四级考试卷子要点整理

2018年12月大学英语四级考试真题(一) 单词: corresponding 相应的 trillion 万亿 diesel 柴油 aisle 过道 alliance 联盟 macaroni 通心粉 reverse 颠倒 prescribe 开药方substantially 基本上 obesity 肥胖 paradigm 范式 inflammation 炎症 extracted 抽取 aquifers 地下蓄水层depth 深度 desalinating 脱盐 pumping 抽取 coastal 沿海的 drill 钻 ethical 伦理的 句子: Should the cars be programmed to avoid hitting a child running across the road, even if that will put their passengers at risk? 如果一个孩子跑过马路,应该避免撞到他们的车吗? It is one thing to AI within a game with clear rules and clear goals. 在一个有明确规则和明确目标的游戏中,人工智能是一回事。

He said people will be the winner, whatever the outcome. 他说,无论结果如何,人们都将是赢家。 The team at Stamford investigated the aquifers below this depth and found that reserves may be triple what was previously thought. 斯坦福德的研究小组调查了这一深度以下的含水层,发现储量可能是先前认为的三倍。 New estimates of the water reserves now go up to 2700 billion cubic meters of freshwater. 新估计的水资源储量现在达到27000亿立方米淡水。 2018年6月大学英语四级考试真题(一)renovation 翻新 solarcentury 太阳的investor 投资者 fossil 化石 fuel 燃料 skyscraper 摩天大楼 per 每 ethos 观念 monopoly 垄断 digital 数字的eliminate 消除 dementia 痴呆症cognitive 认知的

大学英语四级阅读部分应试技巧

大学英语四级阅读部分应试技巧 从近几年的四级考题中,笔者总结了两大难点,这也是出题的重点。第一个难点就是词汇,此词汇非彼词汇,有些同学盲目的背词典,这是笔者极力反对的。字典里的词汇何其多,费力不讨好而且一点针对性也没有。有两个法宝对付词汇问题绰绰有余,其一就是总结历年真题,真题可是好东西,具有参照性和关联性,将原文和问题中出现的陌生单词画下来,如此反复就会发现有些单词的上镜率很高,也就是所谓的高频词,一定要将它们熟记于心,考试时定有帮助。其二,在作阅读时不要只看单词的表面意思,一定要结合上下文,我举个小例子:American custom and assumption,解释成美国的习惯和设想肯定错,单看assumption 有设想的意思,但是,在这里不能这么翻,注意and,它是并列连词,所以assumption与custom的意思相近,美国的风俗与习惯这么翻才对。第二个难点也是考生最深恶痛绝的,就是长难句,它中间往往参杂许多成分,例如插入语、定语从句等等,让考生不知从何下手。其实,只要抓住要领就变得简单多了,任何句子都有主谓结构,长难句也不例外,先将主句的主谓找出来,知道了谁干什么,再逐层分析从句和其它成分,直到明确句意。在此,笔者要多说一句,要注意形容词,在某些方面它反映了作者的情感和态度,在回答观点态度问题时会有帮助。 一、多采用Top-down阅读法 自上而下(Top-down)阅读是从语篇整体出发,把注意力集中

在通过文字符号获取信息上,即按文章所给的标题先对文章的内容与含义作出推断,理解作者所要表达的意思。 运用自上而下的阅读法的关键是培养学生预测、推断文章内容和含义的能力,从而提高阅读理解能力。 通过略看文章的总体结构安排或文章的标题来预测文章的内容及深层含义,可从下列几方面去推测: 1.文章写了哪几方面的内容? 2.作者将从哪几方面来阐述? 3.内容将如何发展下去? 在阅读时要注意不同的英文文体,因为文体对信息的组织和布局模式有着重大影响。训练掌握各种英语文体的结构特征,有利于归纳文章和进行逻辑推理。例如:记叙文以叙事为主必定有三个要素:情节、人物和背景。情节的发展多以时间、地点的转移为线索。因此,阅读记叙文时,必须抓住时间这条线索,以人物为中心,弄清故事的发生、发展、结局。再如议论文和说明文有一个共同点,就是段落大多有主题句(较多地出现在段首或段末),要抓住主题句,发掘每一个主旨,弄清文章的中心论点,以便更加详细地预测文章的内容,吃透整篇文章的表层及深层含义。 二、正确处理好精读与泛读间的关系。 精读和泛读是阅读时两种主要方法,两者相辅相存,不可偏废也无法代替。

大学英语四级考试技巧重点总结(最新)

大学英语四级考试,是每个大学生都要过的一项英语水平考试。 那么如何顺利复习考过英语四级,有哪些英语四级考试技巧和经验总结呢? 接下来就给大家详细讲讲这些问题吧,希望对大家复习英语四级有所帮助。 一、英语四级考试听力技巧 备考听力,要先复习好听力。 在平时的复习中,可以充分利用琐碎时间练习。 然后只要掌握一定的英语四级考试技巧,听力就能拿到高分。 英语四级考试听力技巧可概括为以下3点: 第一就是听前预测。 大家可以在听力开始播放之前就快速浏览一遍题目,划出题干和选项中的关键词,这样可以大致推测出这篇文章的主题是什么。 第二就是记笔记。 大家在听的时候要及时记下和题目有关的关键信息,这样做题时就能够快速定位正确选项,而不用每道题都回想半天。 第三就是要特别注意试题的排列次序。 因为四级听力题常常将小题按录音材料的内容排列顺序。 所以如果没有时间预先阅读选项或时间不宽裕,大家也可以边听录音边依次浏览选项,同时进行思考、答题。 二、英语四级考试翻译技巧 英语四级考试翻译题型与听力,阅读,写作相比不一样。 因为,其它几部分只需要提升英语水平即可。 而翻译,不仅需要扎实的英语基础,更需要深厚的中文功底。 英语基础知识的夯实,你可以在真题中学习。

真题资料可以帮你逐句精解单词和语法知识,词汇注释和语法知识详细到可以不用查阅任何资料。 能为你的复习节省大量的时间,大大提高你的复习效率。 翻译做题技巧: 1.翻译时有必要增加词语来使英文的表达更加顺畅。 2.为了有更强的节奏感和押韵,汉语中也经常会出现排比句。 在翻译这些句子时,为了符合英文表达的逻辑,就要有所删减或省略。 3.注意词类变形和词性转换,尤其是名词、动词、形容词之间的转换。 4.要注意语态之间的转换。汉语中主动语态出现频率较高,英语中被动语态的使用率较高。 5.在遇到较长的句子或较复杂的句子时,可以考虑分译,以使译文简洁,通俗易懂。 三、英语四级考试写作技巧 英语四级写作复习技巧之前,建议大家多学习四级范文。 写作考试技巧: 1.卷面整洁,不要做涂改。 2.少用模板、少说空话,多些现场发挥,这点要求你要注意平时积累。 建议大家背点开头、结尾的万能句型,积累一些好的写作语料,四级作文就成了。 相关文章: 1.英语知识 2.30%的英文 3.英语资料下载 4.英语最实用口语100句

大学英语四级考试一些注意技巧4页

四级考试 既然要考试这个需要了解考试。大学英语四级考试流程。 8:50——9:00试音时间(这个需要注意提前 ..三十分钟到场,晚了就不好了。) 9:00——9:10播放考场指令,发放作文考卷 9:10取下耳机,开始作文考试。(这点提醒你下,作文要尽快 ..写完。)9:35发放含有快速阅读的试题册(但9:40才允许开始做) 9:40——9:55做快速阅读(哎考四级就没做完开始收卷了,那个郁 闷啊!这题简单可是没做完,无语极了。所以那要抓紧时间 ....,尽快做完平. 时做题时就要注意 ........。) 9:55——10:00收答题卡一(即作文和快速阅读,考试两张答题卡,注意早些涂完老师不等你的。做完没涂完那更气人。) 9:55——10:00重新戴上耳机,试音寻台,准备听力考试。(听力考试对我来说好难啊就像天书,可是··35%啊)。 10:00开始听力考试,电台开始放音 听力结束后完成剩余考项。 (剩下的是,一个选词填空,两篇阅读,一个完形填空,五个句子翻译。) (这时候注意时间 ..可能会不够用 ......,先.做句子 .. ...,其实可以放弃完形填空 翻译 ..,因为句子翻译一句一分,完形填空20空才十分,另外这20个答案可以蒙。嘿嘿这个看自己当时情况。)

11:20全部考试结束。 英语四级考试题型:听力理解35% 阅读理解35% 完型填空10% 写作和翻译20%。 下面开始讲一些技巧吧.知道的也不多,参考下呗。按照四级卷子的顺序吧。首先是作文。 作文与高中差不多,要求不是很高,平时背些四级真题的作文,记一 些里面的词语搭配,或者固定句式。四级作文最近向图表,看图 .....的类型了。自己做好心理准备,多背些作文足以应付了,这主要看高中英语底子了。 接下来是快速阅读,快速阅读占10%,所以也很重要,这个主要时间把握好。做快速阅读时: 一、先看题干,然后找出信号词(就是比较明显 ..的词容易在文中找到), 也注意是否有小标题,有小标题时小标题 .....。 ...很重要。快速阅读不需要读懂 只是考查查找信息 ....的能力。 二、按段阅读,按段做题,快速找出题的句子,并理解句子意思。(一 般情况下一段话就一道题,特别注意首句 ...,读句子抓主谓宾 ...。) ..和转折句 三、回到题目,挑出正确答案。 注释:快速阅读共十道题 ......。补全句子不. .....,三道补全句子 ...,七道选择题 超过五个词 .....。 接下来就是听力了,听力这个重在平时。关于听力有个方法。

最新大学英语四级考试真题及答案

大学英语四级考试真题及答案 Part ⅠWriting (30 minutes) 注意:此部分试题在答题卡1上。 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Creating a Green Campus. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below: 1. 建设绿色校园很重要 2. 绿色校园不仅指绿色的环境…… 3. 为了建设绿色校园,我们应该…… Creating a Green Campus Part ⅡReading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For question 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. Colleges taking another look at value of merit-based aid Good grades and high tests scores still matter—a lot—to many colleges as they award financial aid. But with low-income students projected to make up an ever-larger share of the college-bound population in coming years, some schools are re-examining whether that aid, typically known as “merit aid”, is the most effective use of precious institutional dollars. George Washington University in Washington, D.C., for example, said last week that it would cut the value of its average merit scholarships by about one-third and reduce the number of recipients(接受者), pouring the savings, about $2.5 million, into need-based aid. Allegheny College in Meadville, Pa., made a similar decision three years ago. Now, Hamilton College in Clinton, N.Y., says it will phase out merit scholarships altogether. No current merit-aid recipients will lose their scholarships, but need-based aid alone will be awarded beginning with students entering in fall 2008. Not all colleges offer merit aid; generally, the more selective a school, the less likely it is to do so. Harvard and Princeton, for example, offer generous need-based packages, but many families who don’t meet need eligibility(资格)have been willing to pay whatever they must for a big-name school. For small regional colleges that struggle just to fill seats, merit aid can be an important revenue-builder because many recipients still pay enough tuition dollars over and above the scholarship amount to keep the institution running. But for rankings-conscious schools in between, merit aid has served primarily as a tool to recruit top students and to improve their academic profits. “They’re trying to buy students,”says Skidmore College economist Sandy Baum. Studies show merit aid also tends to benefit disproportionately students who could afford to enroll without it. “As we look to the future, we see a more pressing need to invest in need-based aid,”says Monica Inzer, dean of admission and financial aid at Hamilton, which has offered merit scholarships for 10 years. During that time, it rose in US News & World Repor t’s ranking of the best liberal arts colleges, from 25 to 17. Merit aid, which benefited about 75 students a year, or about 4% of its student body, at a cost of about $ 1 million a year, “served us well,”Inzer says, but “to be

全国大学英语四级考试流程及注意事项(精)

全国大学英语四级考试流程及注意事项 为了保证大学英语四级考试安全、顺利的进行,请各位考生熟悉以下流程和注意事项: 1、英语四级考试8:45考生进入考场 所有考生一律携带身份证、学生证和准考证进入考场。证件不全者,不得参加考试。考生进入考场后,调试耳机。 2、英语四级考试9:00迟到考生不得入场,监考员发答题卡1和卡2 考生用且只能用黑色字迹签字笔在答题卡上填写姓名、准考证号,用2B铅笔涂黑相应的信息点;暂不填写答题卡2上试卷代号一栏;考生不得提前答题,否则按违规违纪处理,并报省教育考试院处理。 3、英语四级考试9:10考试正式开始,开始做试题第一部分 考生做试题第一部分“写作”,务必用黑色字迹签字笔答题。 4、英语四级考试9:35监考员发试题册 考生不得提前翻阅或改变试卷位置,否则按违规违纪处理,并报省教育考试院处理。 5、英语四级考试9:40开始做试题的第二部分 英语四级写作部分考试结束;考生打开试题册,开始做试题的第二部分“快速阅读理解”。 6、英语四级考试9:55收答题卡1 收卷期间考生不得答题,否则按违规违纪处理,并报省教育考试院处理。 7、英语四级考试10:00听力考试正式开始。

8、英语四级听力考试结束后,开始做试题的第四部分 英语四级听力考试结束后,请立即摘下耳机,否则按违规违纪处理,并报省教育考试院处理;考生开始做试题的第四部分。 9、英语四级11:20考试结束 英语四级考试结束,考生立即停止答题,不离开座位,待监考教师收齐试卷、清点考试材料无误并同意考生离场后,考生方可退场。 10、考生不得提前退场和交卷 英语四级考试过程中,考生不得提前退场,包括提前交卷,否则按违规违纪处理,并报省教育考试院处理。 11、考生进入考场需携带2B铅笔和黑色签字笔,不得携带其它材料 考生进入考场不得携带的材料如书本、纸张、书包、录音器材、电子记事本和通讯工具(含BP机、对讲机和手机等均不得带入考场,否则按违规违纪处理,并报省教育考试院处理。 12、本次考试的题型分为六部分,第一部分作文的题目在答题卡1上,其余五部分的题目在试题册上;考试材料包括:试题册、答题卡1和答题卡2;考试分A、B 卷。

相关主题