2012江苏党校在职研究生-英语-复习纲要-短文翻译

Passage Translation

短文翻译(P41-46)

1

Researchers believe women with just one child have more spare time to earn money and have become an important source of family income that helps improve living standards and educate children.

They have consequently improved women's status in both the family and society. The survey showed women with fewer children only spend 20 per cent of their time on household chores, compared t0 38 per cent for women with more children. The survey was carried out as part of national research on the result and benefit of family planning.

2

Astronomers can tell just how hot the surface of the moon gets. The side of the moon toward the sun gets two degrees hotter than boiling water. The night side reaches 243 degrees below zero.

In an eclipse, the earth's shadow falls on the moon. Then the moon's temperature may drop 300 degrees in a very short time.

A temperature change like this cannot happen on the earth. Why does it happen

on the moon? Astronomers think that the surface of the moon is dust. On the earth, rocks store heat from the sun. When the sun goes down, the rocks stay warm. But the dust of the moon cannot store heat. So when the moon gets dark, the heat escapes quickly. The moon gets very cold.

3

But in 1991, under pressure from environmentalists around the world, Brazil reversed course. It ended tax favors that had encouraged clearing of the Amazon rain forest, and agreed to a plan to finance new forest protection projects.

Cattle farmers, miners, and settlers have protested the move and continue to destroy the forests, although at a slower pace than before. The conflict enlarged last year when miners killed a group of Amazon Indians in order to seize their land. The government promises it will protect the region's native people, but questions remain as to its true level of commitment.

4

American cities are similar to other cities around the world. Cities contain the very best aspects of a society. They also contain the very worst parts of a society. American cities are changing, just as American society Js changing.

After World War II, city people became wealthier. They had more children.

They needed more space. They moved out of their apartments in the city to buy their own houses. They bought houses in the suburbs. During the 1950s the American "dream" was to have a house in the suburbs.

Now things are changing. The children of the people who left the cities in 1950s are now adults. They, unlike their parents, want to live in the cities. Many of them are single; others are married, but often without children. A new class is moving into the city-a wealthier class.

5

Some new arrivals will come from cultures where it is considered impolite to work too quickly. Unless a certain amount of time is allowed to elapse, it seems in their eyes as if the task being considered were insignificant. not worthy of proper respect. Assignments are, consequently, felt to be given added weight by the passage of time. In the U.S., however, it is taken as a sign of skillfulness or being competent to solve a problem, or fulfill a job successfully, with speed. Usually, the more important a task is, the more capital, energy, and attention will be poured into it in order to "get it moving".

6

People who get to know the limit, I think, must have experienced what it is to

overdo a thing. The limit can be found after one has gone to extremes. If you haven't had such experience, if you have never made mistakes, never cherished ideas of rebellion, you will never find it. If you behave too well, neither overdo anything nor make any mistakes, you will naturally fail to find what's most suitable to you. The offspring of American-Chinese follow the same course of life almost without exception. When they go to middle school they resent the Chinese way of education their parents have given them and look down upon their peers with the same Chinese background. During this period their parents are most nervous, quite at a loss, and then examine themselves of their failure in educating their children.

7

Various newspapers of late carry letters from readers reflecting social conditions or more often requesting solutions to knotty problems in life. I am fond of reading them because they mirror the life and thought of people of all descriptions. The same is true of foreign newspapers. Some of them have set up special columns with special columnists in charge of answering questions. An American woman journalist named Ann Landers was once put in charge of such correspondence for over 800 newspapers respectively.

8

Of course, there's a big difference between an "event" and a real national holiday. To that end, in 1966, President Lyndon Johnson signed a presidential proclamation declaring the 3rd Sunday of every June as Father's Day. And in 1972, Richard Nixon made Father's Day as a true national holiday-60 years after Mother's Day had been declared a national holiday!

Father's Day is a day of commemoration and celebration of Dad. It is a day to not only honor your father, but all men who have acted as a father figure in your life-whether as Stepfathers, Uncles, Grandfathers, or "Big Brothers".

9

Many Americans find silence uncomfortable. They will say anything to fill any quietness if it extends for more than a moment. Students often study with their radios blaring; housewives leave televisions on for the 'companionship' of sound even though they may be working in some other room. lf you are silent for long periods, they will do their best to 'draw you out' or will ask if you feel all right or if there is anything they can do to help you. One aspect of silence can be confusing; however, if Americans disagree with what you are saying, Many of them will remain quiet. This may not indicate agreement; often it only means that they consider it impolite to argue further.

Someday a stranger will read your e-mail without your permission or scan the website you've visited. Or perhaps someone will casually glance through your credit card purchases or cell phone bills to find out your shopping preferences or calling habits.

In fact, it's likely some of these things have already happened to you. Who would watch you without your permission? It might be a girlfriend, a company, a boss, a cop or a criminal. Whoever it is, they will see you in a way you never intended to be seen.

11

Since before the dawn of history, man has been able to make his own heat. He has been able to release the sun's heat that is trapped in things such as wood, coal, and oil. And he has been able to use this heat.

Heat has made civilization possible. With heat, man could melt metals. As man learned to use metals and fuels, industries grew. As a result, engines were invented. These are machines that change heat energy into mechanical energy. Engines can do the work of many men. Without engines industrial civilization is impossible. Yet when the first engines were built in the 17th century, men were still wondering about the nature of heat. 'What is it?' they asked. Not until the early years of the 19th century did they find the right answer.

12

We communicate a great deal, researchers have found, with our bodies-----by the way we move, sit, stand and what we do with our hands and heads. Imagine a few people sitting in a waiting room: one is tapping his fingers on his briefcase, another keeps rubbing his hands together, another is biting his fingernails. These people aren't talking but they're "saying" a lot if you know the "body language" they're using.

13

Where is the best graffiti found? Who creates it, and why? Reisner reports that the best graffiti is often seen in large urban areas, particularly at universities and in the restrooms of coffeehouses and smart bars. Graffiti seems to be written predominantly by men; lately, however, women have become increasingly productive. The liveliest writing is often by students, hippies, and young business people. Graffiti is produced for a variety of reasons: to express an opinion, to voice an insult, to share a joke, to assert One's own individuality, to protest social and political conditions.

14

Ask the average American, "What is freedom?" You will probably hear, "It's being

able to do what I want to do." When Americans think of freedom, they often think of individualism. They see themselves more as individuals than as members of a family or social group. American-style democracy tries to protect individual rights. It also promises each person the freedom to make choices. People in other cultures may not understand this emphasis on individuals. Stressing individual human rights seems strange to cultures where the rights of society are more important.

Privacy is one good example of individual rights. Personal freedom in America often means the right to one's own space. In many American homes, each child has his or her own bedroom. Parents feel they should knock before entering. When Americans want to visit friends or relatives, they usually call first. They don't want to invade someone's privacy, even if they know the person quite well.

15

First and foremost, we can make protecting the environment easier. Programs that are time-consuming, hidden and expensive only discourage participation. Creating easy and low-cost opportunities for businesses and consumers to work together will strengthen our commitment to protecting the environment. Free global recycling and product recovery programs------where businesses take ownership over what they make and sell ------require little effort on the part of consumers and pay off.

16

Although most weddings follow long-held traditions, there's still room for American individualism. For example, the usual place for a wedding is in a church. But some people get married outdoors in a scenic spot. A few even have the ceremony while sky-diving or riding on horseback! The couple may invite hundreds of people or just a few close friends. The bride usually wears a beautiful, long white wedding dress. She traditionally wears "something old, something new. Something borrowed and something blue". The groom wears a formal suit or tuxedo(无尾晚礼服）Several close friends participate in the ceremony as attendants, including the best man and the maid of honor.

17

After lunch Diane took her bike and sneaked quietly into the yard. She moved carefully to the plot of soil under the tree in back of the house as she checked to see that nobody watched her. She leaned her bicycle against the tree and bent down. All around, dark clouds rumbled noisily in the sky; a streak of yellow zigzagged far away, and she trembled. Digging swiftly in the hot earth she made a small hole and in a moment took a wrinkled ten-dollar bill from her pocket. After she slipped the money into the ground and covered it, she breathed deeply and smiled. She was glad that was over! Now no one would find it or know how she got it. Certainly it would be there

later when she wanted it.

18

On Saturday morning Tom has to whitewash the fence, but manages to persuade his friends to help him finish the irksome job quickly. That afternoon he sees a new girl in Jeff Thatcher's garden and shows off in front of her; she gives him a flower. When he returns later that evening to try to see her again, he is chased off by a maidservant. Sunday is a difficult day for Tom. First he has to learn some verses from the Bible and then attend Sunday school. Here he again sees the new girl and learns that she is Jeff Thatcher's niece. To impress her he trades Bible-reading tickets with his classmates and claims the Bible that is awarded to students who have memorized 2,000 verses. The Bible is presented by Judge Thatcher, the girl's father; unfortunately the Judge also asks Tom some questions that expose his ignorance of the Scriptures.

19

For many people, the root of their stress is anger, and the trick is to find out where the anger is coming from. "Does the anger come from a feeling that everything must be perfect?" Eliot asks.

"That's very common in professional women. They feel they have to be all things

to all people and do it all perfectly. They think, 'I should, I must, I have to'. Good enough is never good enough. Perfectionists cannot delegate. They get angry that they have to carry it all, and they blow their tops. Then they feel guilty and they start the whole cycle over again."

20

Spoiling a child also happens when parents are unable to stand up to their children's unreasonable demands. Such parents fluctuate between saying no and giving in -----but neither response seems satisfactory to them. If they refuse a request, they immediately feel a wave of regret for having been so strict or ungenerous. If they give in, they feel regret and resentment over having been too easy. This kind of variability not only loosens the parents' ability to set limits, it also sours the parent-child relationship to some degree, robbing parents and their children of some of the happiness and mutual respect that is present in healthy families.

21

Though your parents probably meant your name to last a lifetime, remember that when they picked it they'd hardly met you, and the hopes and dreams they valued when they chose it may not match yours. If your name no longer seems to fit you, don't despair; you aren't stuck with the label. Movie stars regularly change their

names. And with some determination, you can, too.

22

A lot of people also think that all entertainment world makes a lot of money. Of course, there are a few film stars, pop stars and television personalities who make millions of pounds every time they open their mouths. There are also a few famous film directors who make a lot of money telling actors and actresses how to speak and where to stand. Some of the best stunt men and women are also well-paid for jumping out of moving cars and off high buildings, and for all the other dangerous things that they have to do. However, there are also thousands and thousands of actors, actresses and singers who find it very difficult to get work acting and singing. Then, when they do find work, most of them earn very little money.

23

It is clear from this and much other evidence that many children are still leaving school too early to benefit from the prizes-----money, social respectability. And interesting jobs, which higher education gives. It is clear too that the reasons why such children leave have much to do with their social circumstances. Their parents often need the extra money another wage-owner can bring in; they do not value education for itself because their own was probably dull and unhappy. It is not so much that they force their sons and daughters to leave school, rather that they tend to

say, "It's up to you".

24

Education not only raises the quality of manpower, but also gives people hope for the future. To assure people's rights at the basic level is important not only in the political sense but also in the economic sense. To give everyone a chance to develop his personality which is realized only by education, is effective to activate society. Therefore the establishment of a compulsory education institution is the first urgent task of every developing country.

完整20篇初中英语小短文带翻译

1 Dogs People often say that a dog is man's best friend. Over thousands of years, man has taught his dogs to do many kinds of work besides guarding the home. For example, sheepdogs are famous for their ability to control a flock of hundreds of sheep. Dogs have been used to aid disabled people for centuries. A guide dog can lead its blind owner. Nowadays, dogs can be taught to turn on light switches, open refrigerator doors and dial the telephone for their disabled owners. For the majority of people, however, dogs are simply pets and friends for both young and old members of the family. guard 看守,看护sheepdog 牧羊犬flock 群aid 帮助 disabled 残疾人century 世纪guide dog 导盲犬dial 拨majority 大多数 狗 人们总是说狗是人类最好的朋友.几千年来,除了看家外,人类还教会了狗去做许多其他的事,例如,牧羊犬就因其可以控制数百只羊的羊群而出名. 狗用来帮助残疾人已有好几个世纪了.导盲犬可以为盲主人引路.现在,人们还教狗为残疾主人打 开电灯、开冰箱和拨电话.然而,对于大多数人来说,狗只是家里老人和孩子们的宠物和朋友. 2 Detective Work A bank robber stole a lot of money. He was caught and sent to prison, but the money was never found. When he came out of prison, they watched him to see what he would do. Here is the detective, reporting to the inspector. Yes, sir, I found Johnny . I followed him all around the town, but frankly, I couldn't make anything out of what he bought. Here's the list. shirt , heavy crowbar, box of chocolates , shovel, heavy hammer, bunch of flowers .The inspector said, Good. That helps me a lot. Do you remember how we watched him helping his neighbor, old Mrs. Judson to cover her backyard with cement? detective 侦探的侦探robber 强盗,盗贼prison 监狱 inspector 检察官frankly 坦白地,真诚地crowbar 铁撬,撬棒 shovel 铲,铁铲hammer 铁锤,锤子backyard 后院cement 水泥 侦探工作 一个盗贼从银行偷了很多钱.他被抓住送到监狱,但是钱没找到. 我发现了,先生,是的“侦探正向检察官报告：,这不.看他会做什么,他被监视,当他从监狱出来时．强尼?阿米塔基,我跟着他转遍了全镇,但坦白说,我不能从他买的东西中推断出什么.这里是清单.”衬衫、大铁撬、一盒巧克力铁铲、大铁锤、一束花. 检察官说：“好,这对我很有帮助.你还记得我们看到他是怎么帮他的邻居,贾德森老太太用水泥铺院子的吗?” 3 What is Time? （Nursery Rhyme） Time is grain for peasants. Time is wealth for workers.

小学英语阅读短文【小学英语阅读小短文带翻译】

小学英语阅读短文【小学英语阅读小短文带翻译】 在英语学习中，阅读是人们获取英语知识、提高英语水平的有效途径。英语阅读既是重要的语言技能，也是重要的学习技能，是发展其他语言技能的基础和前提。小编整理了小学英语阅读小短文带翻译，欢迎阅读! 小学英语小短文带翻译篇一 In western countries, more and more young kids have the problem of obesity, because of the popularity of fast food. The culture of KFC and Mcdonald’s attract the kids all the time, the food there is full of high calorie, which is easy to become fat. Many kids are willing to spend the time in eating fast food, because the fried food cater to them. In China, there is also the increasing number of children obesity, in order to help the kids grow in the healthy way, the balanced diet is advocated. Meat and vegetable are indispensable, while eating more vegetables and fruit is healthier. To stay away from the fast food is the key to be fit. 在西方国家,越来越多的年轻孩子们出现肥胖的问题,因为快餐深受欢迎。肯德基和麦当劳的文化吸引着孩子们,那里的食物含有高热量,容易变胖。许多孩子愿意花时间去吃快餐,因为油炸食品迎合他们的口味。在中国,也有越来越多的肥胖儿童,为了帮助孩子们健康地成长,倡导平衡饮食。肉和蔬菜是必不可少的,多吃蔬菜和水果是健康的。远离快餐是保持健康的关键。小学英语小短文带翻译篇二 When we ask a foreigner what’s his impression about China, then he tell you about the delicious food and Chinese Kongfu. Chinese Kongfu has been a symbol, the first person that make the world recognize China by his Kongfu movie is Bruce Lee. Though he died, he still got a lot of fans today, everybody knows him well. Then Jackie Chen make Chinese Kongfu famous all around the world, his movie is very funny by all kinds of actions. Many Hollywood directors have come to China to seek for cooperation, they want to film the movie that contains Chinese Kongfu. Kongfu is part of our culture and the world is knowing us by it. 当我们问一个外国人对中国的印象是什么,然后他告诉你美味的食物和中国功夫。中国功夫已经成为了一个符号,让世界通过中国功夫去认识中国的第一人是李小龙。虽然他死了,但他至今仍有很多粉丝,所有人都知道他。然后成龙让中国功夫在全世界都出名,他的电影很搞笑,通过各种各样的行动。许多好莱坞导演来中国寻求合作,他们想让电影包含有中国功夫。功夫是我们文化的一部分,世界也通过功夫去认识我们。小学英语小短文带翻译篇三We are always educated that animals are our friends and we should protect them. Most families have kept dogs as their pets, some moving stories often happen between these lovely dogs and their owners. The famous movie Hachi tells about a dog spends a lifetime to wait for his master, who had died of heart attack. Recently, it has been reported that a little girl was saved from the earthquake because of her dog’s protection. Dogs are our loyal friends and they deserve our respect. Some people kill dogs and enjoy eating the dog meat, they have been criticized strongly. Protecting animals is saving our human being, the balanced of nature won’t be broken. 我们总是受到教育动物是我们的朋友,我们应该保护他们。大多数家庭一直把狗作为他们的宠物,一些感人的故事经常发生这些可爱的狗和它们的主人中。著名的电影“八公”讲述了一只狗花了一生的时间来等待他的主人,这个人死于心脏病。最近,据报道,一个小女孩从地震得救了,因为她的狗狗在保护着他。狗是我们忠实的朋友,他们应该得到我们的尊重。有些人杀狗,喜欢吃狗肉,他们受到了强烈的批评。保护动物就是在拯救我们人类,拯救大自然的平衡不被打破。小学英语小短文带翻译篇四 保持饥饿，保持愚蠢

小学生英语作文范文及翻译范文

【篇一】 美丽的街道Beautiful Street Today， when I walk on the street， I find the street is so beautiful。 There is some lovely pictures on the sidewalk， the picture of giraffe， panda and monkey。 When people see these lovely animals， they feel so good。 I think it is such a nice act to paint these pictures on the street， it makes this city look beautiful。 这天，当我走在街上，我发现街道很漂亮。有一些可爱的图片在人行道上，长颈鹿的照片、熊猫和猴子。当人们看到这些可爱的动物，他们感觉很好。我认为在街上涂上这些照片这是一个好的行为，它使这个城市看起来很漂亮。 【篇二】 开心的日子Happy Days When the summer holiday es， I will be very happy， because my family and I will go to travel。 I like travel so much， I can not only see the beautiful scenery， but also can spend the time with my parents。 I feel so easy and don’t have to study，I just play and enjoy my moment。 This is my most happy days。 当暑假来临时，我会十分高兴，因为我和我的家人要去旅游。我喜欢旅游，不仅仅能够看到美丽的风景，还能够花时光与我的父母在一齐。我觉得很放松，不需要学习，我只玩和享受的时刻。这是我最快乐的日子。 【篇三】 妈妈的手 My mother is the most diligent person in my house， she takes care of me all the time and does all the housework。 As I grow up， I realize that my mother is such a great woman， what she does for us surpasses everything。 I find my mother’s hands are not as smooth as other person’s， but in my eyes， they are the most beautiful hands。 我妈妈是房子里最勤奋的人，她一向照顾我，做了所有的家务。当我长大了，我意识到母亲是这样一个伟大的女人，她为我们所做的事情超越了一切。我发现妈妈的手不像别人一样光滑，但是在我眼里，却是最美丽的手。 【篇四】 快乐的时刻The Happy Moment

英语小短文带翻译100字20篇

英语小短文带翻译100字20篇 1.A happy Day It was sunny and very hot today. I got up early and helped my parents cook breakfast. Then I washed the dishes and cleaned the room. After a short rest I did my homework in the morning. In the afternoon I went swimming in the nearest swimming pool with my friends. It was really cool to swim in such a hot day. I surfed the internet and read a storybook in the evening. I really had a busy and happy day. 今天天气晴朗比较热。我起得很早，帮父母做早饭。然后我洗碗打扫屋子。休息一会后我上午做作业。下午我和朋友去我家最近的游泳池游泳。在如此炎热的夏天游泳的确很棒。晚上我上网、看故事书。我今天很忙过得很快乐。 2.给笔友的一封信 Dear Lucy I am very glad to hear from you. Now let me introduce myself to you. My name is Li Lei. I am eleven years old. I am tall with a pair of glasses. Now I am studying at Yuying Primary School. I am in Class One，Grade 5. I like singing and playing the piano very much. I am good at English and Chinese. 很高兴收到你的来信。现在让我介绍我自己。我叫李雷。11岁。我高个子、带眼镜。我在育英小学。我在五年级一班。我非常喜欢唱歌和弹钢琴。我数学和语文学得都很好。 3。暑假打算 I will have a busy summer vacation. I am going to do my homework every day . I am going to the library to borrow some books and go to the shops to buy some books.I am going to do sports such as playing table tennis, swimming and so on. I am going to visit my grandparents and stay there for a week. I am going to help my parents do some housework. 我暑假会很忙。我每天要写作业。我打算去图书馆去借书、去商店买书。我要做运动，如：打乒乓球、游泳等。我要去看爷爷奶奶并在那住一周。我要帮父母做家务。 4.自我介绍 Hello, everyone. My name is Kelly. I am friendly and honest.I am good at English and maths. I like surfing the internet,playing computer games, watching TV and traveling. I also like playing table tennis and I am good at it ,too. I often play table tennis with my friends on weekends. And I want to be a famous table tennis player when I grow up. What I like most is to see the seagulls flying freely in the sky so I often go to the sea in summer. My favourite colour is white because I think white is symbolize purity. 大家好我的名字叫KELLY .我很友好、诚实。我擅长英语和数学。我爱上网、玩电脑网络游戏、看电视和旅游。我也喜欢打乒乓球。我经常和朋友们在周末打乒乓球，长大了我想当一个乒乓球运动员。最喜欢在海边看着海鸥自由自在的飞翔，因此在夏天我经常去海边。白色是我的最爱。因为我觉得白色是纯洁的象征。 5.A nice Sunday It is Sunday and it is a fine day today. We come to the People Park with our English teacher who came from Canada. Look ! Tom and other five boys are playing

小学三年级英语阅读短文带翻译

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